| 1. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Pienkowski, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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A review of hyperacusis and future directions : part II. Measurement, mechanisms, and treatment.
- 2014
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Ingår i: American Journal of Audiology. - : American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. - 1059-0889 .- 1558-9137. ; 23:4, s. 420-436
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Hyperacusis can be extremely debilitating, and at present, there is no cure. In this detailed review of the field, we consolidate present knowledge in the hope of facilitating future research.METHOD: We review and reference the literature on hyperacusis and related areas. This is the 2nd of a 2-part review.RESULTS: Hyperacusis encompasses a wide range of reactions to sounds, which can be grouped into the categories of excessive loudness, annoyance, fear, and pain. Reasonable approaches to assessing the different forms of hyperacusis are emerging, including brain-imaging studies. Researchers are only beginning to understand the many mechanisms at play, and valid animal models are still evolving. There are many counseling and sound-therapy approaches that some patients find helpful, but well-controlled studies are needed to measure their long-term efficacy and to test new approaches.CONCLUSIONS: Hyperacusis can make life difficult in this increasingly noisy world, forcing sufferers to dramatically alter their work and social habits. We believe this is an opportune time to explore approaches to better understand and treat hyperacusis.
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| 3. |
- Tyler, Richard S, et al.
(författare)
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A review of hyperacusis and future directions : part I. Definitions and manifestations.
- 2014
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Ingår i: American Journal of Audiology. - : American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. - 1059-0889 .- 1558-9137. ; 23:4, s. 402-19
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Hyperacusis can be extremely debilitating, and at present, there is no cure. We provide an overview of the field, and possible related areas, in the hope of facilitating future research.METHOD: We review and reference literature on hyperacusis and related areas. We have divided the review into 2 articles. In Part I, we discuss definitions, epidemiology, different etiologies and subgroups, and how hyperacusis affects people. In Part II, we review measurements, models, mechanisms, and treatments, and we finish with some suggestions for further research.RESULTS: Hyperacusis encompasses a wide range of reactions to sound, which can be grouped into the categories of excessive loudness, annoyance, fear, and pain. Many different causes have been proposed, and it will be important to appreciate and quantify different subgroups. Reasonable approaches to assessing the different forms of hyperacusis are emerging, including psychoacoustical measures, questionnaires, and brain imaging.CONCLUSIONS: Hyperacusis can make life difficult for many, forcing sufferers to dramatically alter their work and social habits. We believe this is an opportune time to explore approaches to better understand and treat hyperacusis.
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| 4. |
- Barbacka, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Early Jurassic coprolites : insights into palaeobotany and the feeding behaviour of dinosaurs
- 2022
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Ingår i: Papers in Palaeontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2056-2799 .- 2056-2802. ; 8:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analyses of coprolites provide important data on animal feeding and food quality, including information on the taxonomy of the biotope. Knowledge of the diet of extinct animals has implications for our understanding of the evolution of various physiological strategies and feeding adaptations. Here we provide the first description of plant remains preserved in coprolites from early Hettangian deposits at Soltykow (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland). The coprolites probably originated from herbivorous sauropodomorphs, ornithischians and large carnivorous theropods, from which tracks are known from the site. Herbivorous coprolite producers fed on the flora growing on a fluvial plain, and the cuticles that remain in the coprolites originated from crowns of gymnospermous trees or shrubs. Coprolites assigned to large predators contained more diverse plant remains, although they also belonged to the gymnosperms. These were probably ingested together with the stomachs and intestines of prey animals and/or accidentally while drinking or feeding. The plant cuticles originated from seed ferns (including the newly proposed Komlopteris distinctiva Barbacka sp. nov.), cycadophytes, ginkgophytes and conifers. A fragment of a needle leaf, Aciphyllum triangulatum Barbacka & Gorecki gen. et sp. nov., is very similar to the leaves of Pinus, and is the oldest example of such a leaf type in the fossil record. Most ingested plants came from beyond the immediate surroundings of today's outcrop. Palynological analysis of the coprolites yielded 31 taxa of sporomorphs from the herbivore coprolites and 14 sporomorph taxa from the coprolites of predators. Cheirolepidiaceous pollen grains of Classopollis torosus dominated the sporomorph assemblage.
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| 5. |
- Díaz-Cortes, J., et al.
(författare)
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Systematic reduction of the proton-removal cross section in neutron-rich medium-mass nuclei
- 2020
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Ingår i: Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 811
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Single-neutron and single-proton removal cross sections have been measured for medium-mass neutron-rich nuclei around Z=50 and energies around 1000A MeV using the FRagment Separator (FRS) at GSI. The measured cross sections confirm the relative low values of the proton-removal cross sections, observed since a long time ago and not yet understood. Model calculations considering the knock-out process together with initial- and final-state interactions describe the measured neutron-removal cross sections. Proton-removal cross sections are, however, significantly over-predicted by the same calculations. The observed difference can be explained to a large extent by the knock-out of short-range correlated nucleons from dominant neutron-proton pairs in neutron-rich nuclei.
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| 6. |
- Jacob, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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The endocochlear potential alters cochlear micromechanics
- 2011
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Ingår i: Biophysical Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3495 .- 1542-0086. ; 100:11, s. 2586-2594
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acoustic stimulation gates mechanically sensitive ion channels in cochlear sensory hair cells. Even in the absence of sound, a fraction of these channels remains open, forming a conductance between hair cells and the adjacent fluid space, scala media. Restoring the lost endogenous polarization of scala media in an in vitro preparation of the whole cochlea depolarizes the hair cell soma. Using both digital laser interferometry and time-resolved confocal imaging, we show that this causes a structural refinement within the organ of Corti that is dependent on the somatic electromotility of the outer hair cells (OHCs). Specifically, the inner part of the reticular lamina up to the second row of OHCs is pulled toward the basilar membrane, whereas the outer part (third row of OHCs and the Hensen's cells) unexpectedly moves in the opposite direction. A similar differentiated response pattern is observed for sound-evoked vibrations: restoration of the endogenous polarization decreases vibrations of the inner part of the reticular lamina and results in up to a 10-fold increase of vibrations of the outer part. We conclude that the endogenous polarization of scala media affects the function of the hearing organ by altering its geometry, mechanical and electrical properties.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Perez-Loureiro, D., et al.
(författare)
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Neutron-rich fragments produced by in-flight fission of U 238
- 2019
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. - 2469-9993 .- 2469-9985. ; 99:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The production cross sections of neutron-rich fission residues in reactions induced by U238 projectiles at 950A MeV impinging on Pb and Be targets are investigated at the Fragment Separator at GSI. These two targets allow us to investigate fission processes induced by two reaction mechanisms, Coulomb and nuclear excitations, and to study the role of these mechanisms in the neutron excess of the final fragments.
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