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- Cardenas, EI, et al.
(författare)
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Increased IL-26 associates with markers of hyperinflammation and tissue damage in patients with acute COVID-19
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in immunology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-3224. ; 13, s. 1016991-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interleukin-26 (IL-26) is released by several immune and structural cells following stimulation of toll-like receptors (TLRs), whereupon it can directly inhibit viral replication and enhance neutrophil chemotaxis. Given these unique properties, IL-26 has emerged as an intriguing mediator of host defense in the lungs. However, the role of IL-26 in COVID-19 has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we characterized the involvement of IL-26 in the hyperinflammation and tissue damage that occurs in patients with acute COVID-19. We found that IL-26 is markedly increased in blood samples from these patients, and that the concentration of IL-26 correlates with those of the neutrophil-mobilizing cytokines IL-8 and TNFα, respectively. Moreover, the increase in blood IL-26 correlates with enhanced surface expression of the “don’t eat me” signal CD47 on blood neutrophils isolated from patients with acute COVID-19. Finally, we found that the blood concentration of IL-26 correlates with that of increased lactate dehydrogenase, an established marker of tissue damage, and decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), a previously verified hematological aberration in COVID-19, both of which are associated with severe disease. Thus, our findings indicate that increased systemic IL-26 associates with markers of hyperinflammation and tissue damage in patients with acute COVID-19, thereby forwarding the kinocidin IL-26 as a potential target for diagnosis, monitoring, and therapy in this deadly disease.
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- Ekstedt, S, et al.
(författare)
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A prolonged innate systemic immune response in COVID-19
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 12:1, s. 9915-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the introduction of vaccines, COVID-19 still affects millions of people worldwide. A better understanding of pathophysiology and the discovery of novel therapies are needed. One of the cells of interest in COVID-19 is the neutrophil. This cell type is being recruited to a site of inflammation as one of the first immune cells. In this project, we investigated a variety of neutrophils phenotypes during COVID-19 by measuring the expression of markers for migration, maturity, activation, gelatinase granules and secondary granules using flow cytometry. We show that neutrophils during COVID-19 exhibit altered phenotypes compared to healthy individuals. The activation level including NETs production and maturity of neutrophils seem to last longer during COVID-19 than expected for innate immunity. Neutrophils as one of the drivers of severe cases of COVID-19 are considered as potential treatment targets. However, for a successful implementation of treatment, there is a need for a better understanding of neutrophil functions and phenotypes in COVID-19. Our study answers some of those questions.
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- Kagedal, A, et al.
(författare)
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Activation of T helper cells in sentinel node predicts poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1, s. 22352-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recurrence in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) significantly reduces overall survival. Improved understanding of the host’s immune status in head and neck cancer may facilitate identification of patients at higher risk of recurrence and improve patients’ selection for ongoing clinical trials assessing the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPI). We aimed to investigate Sentinel Node-derived T-cells and their impact on survival. We enrolled prospectively 28 OSCC patients treated at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden with primary tumour excision and elective neck dissection. On top of the standard treatment, the enrolled patients underwent sentinel node procedure. T cells derived from Sentinel nodes, non-sentinel nodes, primary tumour and PBMC were analyzed in flow cytometry. Patients who developed recurrence proved to have significantly lower level of CD4+ CD69+ in their sentinel node (31.38 ± 6.019% vs. 43.44 ± 15.33%, p = 0.0103) and significantly higher level of CD8+ CD HLA-DR+ (38.95 ± 9.479% vs. 24.58 ± 11.36%, p = 0.0116) compared to disease-free individuals. Survival analysis of studied population revealed that patients with low proportion of CD4+ CD69+ had significantly decreased disease-free survival (DFS) of 19.7 months (95% CI 12.6–26.9) compared with 42.6 months (95% CI 40.1–45.1) in those with high CD4+ CD69+ proportion in their Sentinel Nodes (log-rank test, p = 0.033). Our findings demonstrate that characterization of T-cell activation in Sentinel Node serves as a complementary prognostic marker. Flow cytometry of Sentinel Node may be useful in both patients’ surveillance and selection for ongoing CPI clinical trials in head and neck cancer.
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- Klimza, H, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of narrow band imaging in the assessment of laryngeal granuloma
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 9:1, s. 16125-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laryngeal granulomas belong to common complications following trans-oral laser microsurgery (TLM). The aim of this study was to evaluate NBI in the differentiation between granuloma-like lesions and local tumor recurrence. 154 consecutive patients after TLM due to early laryngeal cancer were enrolled. In the group, a monthly follow-up including NBI endoscopy was performed. Moderate and severe dysplasia, carcinoma in situ and invasive cancer were defined as positive histology, laryngeal granuloma and other benign laryngeal lesions as negative histology and premalignant lesions as suspicious histology. In 47/154 (31%) cases, granuloma-like lesion (GLL) was found. Patients with GLL were divided into two groups based on the NBI classification. In all patients, the microvascular pattern in NBI was compared with the final histology. In group A, with suspicious, perpendicular vessels, 13/13 (100%) samples were positive. In group B, with normal vascular pattern 3/34 (9%) samples were positive and 31/34 (91%) samples were negative. There was a significant correlation between the positive NBI vascular pattern and the final histology (p = 0.00001). Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of NBI were as follows: 81%, 100%, 94%, respectively.Based on our results, NBI can reliably differentiate between postoperative laryngeal granuloma and local tumor recurrence. In such a manner, this method is very helpful in the follow-up of tumor patients.
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- Piersiala, K, et al.
(författare)
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An Incidental Finding of a Double-Lumen Trachea
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta medica portuguesa. - : Ordem dos Medicos. - 1646-0758 .- 0870-399X. ; 34:3, s. 229-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this case report is to present an incidental finding of a firm tracheal septum in a 61-year-old woman. The patient was admitted to the hospital with mild dyspnea and a preliminary diagnosis of a tracheal subglottic stenosis. During microlaryngoscopy, just below the subglottic stenosis, a firm, vertical symphysis (septum), forming a double-lumen trachea was found. There was no record of any previous difficulties with intubation. A computed tomography scan performed after the microlaryngoscopy revealed an airway branch arising from the trachea at the level of thyroid gland and joining its lumen below. The radiological and endoscopic findings in the presented case hardly resemble the conditions described in the literature, as the discovered septum does not have a pseudomembranous nature, nor does it form a tracheal bronchus. Therefore, the finding is thought to be an unusual complication of multiple intubations in the past. This is an extremely rare finding and it is important to share our experience in managing a patient with the aforementioned post-intubation complications.
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- Piersiala, K, et al.
(författare)
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Correlates of inconsistent condom use and drug use among men having sex with men in Poland: a cross-sectional study
- 2020
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Ingår i: International journal of STD & AIDS. - : SAGE Publications. - 1758-1052 .- 0956-4624. ; 31:9, s. 894-902
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The number of new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnoses is rising in many parts of Europe. We sought to evaluate the rising prevalence of new HIV diagnoses in Poland, where the majority of newly-diagnosed HIV cases are men having sex with men (MSM). This study aims to measure the prevalence of condom use and drug use and to identify risk factors for contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among MSM in Poland by distributing an anonymous online survey aimed toward MSM. Among the 1438 participants who completed valid surveys, those with low education level and greater than 100 prior sexual partners showed the highest odds for inconsistent condom use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.027, 2.044, respectively). Participants who identified themselves as heterosexuals, with multiple sexual partners and living in big cities showed the highest odds for drug use (aOR 4.869, 3.305, 1.720, respectively). This study identifies groups at the highest risk of HIV/STIs and provides valuable information for public health experts to develop targeted STI prevention campaigns.
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- Piersiala, K, et al.
(författare)
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CT Lung Screening in Patients with Laryngeal Cancer
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1, s. 4676-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laryngeal cancer (LC) patients who meet the age and smoking criteria of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) for annual CT lung screening were analysed for pulmonary nodules (PN) detection and secondary lung cancer (SLC) diagnosis. This is a retrospective chart review of LC patients treated at Johns Hopkins Hospital from January 2010 to December 2017. The study population included patients who met USPSTF criteria by age and smoking history for annual chest screening and were followed for at least 3 consecutive years. A total of 998 LC patients’ records were reviewed, of which 151 met the inclusion criteria. Inadequate follow-up period (37% of excluded cases) was the most common reason for exclusion, followed by not meeting USPSTF age criteria (27% excluded cases). In seventy-eight patients (n = 78, 52% of analysed patients) PN were reported. Nine individuals (6% of analysed patients) were diagnosed with SLC. Age over 70 (p = 0.003) was an independent predictor of malignancy. White race and smoking history over 40 pack-years were positively associated with a pulmonary nodule detection (p = 0.037 and p = 0.044, respectively). The incidence of PN and SLC in patients with LC is high. Many patients with laryngeal cancer meet the formal guidelines for USPSTF screening, and should be screened annually according to evidence-based medicine for the early detection of secondary lung cancers.
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| 24. |
- Piersiala, K, et al.
(författare)
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Laryngeal disorders in people living with HIV
- 2022
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Ingår i: American journal of otolaryngology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-818X .- 0196-0709. ; 43:1, s. 103234-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Saibene, AM, et al.
(författare)
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Treatment for parotid abscess: a systematic review
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale. - 1827-675X. ; 42:2, s. 106-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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