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- Reischer, G. H., et al.
(författare)
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Performance Characteristics of qPCR Assays Targeting Human- and Ruminant-Associated Bacteroidetes for Microbial Source Tracking across Sixteen Countries on Six Continents
- 2013
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Ingår i: Environmental Science & Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 47:15, s. 8548-8556
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Numerous quantitative PCR assays for microbial fecal source tracking (MST) have been developed and evaluated in recent years. Widespread application has been hindered by a lack of knowledge regarding the geographical stability and hence applicability of such methods beyond the regional level. This study assessed the performance of five previously reported quantitative PCR assays targeting human-, cattle-, or ruminant-associated Bacteroidetes populations on 280 human and animal fecal samples from 16 countries across six continents. The tested cattle-associated markers were shown to be ruminant-associated. The quantitative distributions of marker concentrations in target and nontarget samples proved to be essential for the assessment of assay performance and were used to establish a new metric for quantitative source-specificity. In general, this study demonstrates that stable target populations required for marker-based MST occur around the globe. Ruminant-associated marker concentrations were strongly correlated with total intestinal Bacteroidetes populations and with each other, indicating that the detected ruminant-associated populations seem to be part of the intestinal core microbiome of ruminants worldwide. Consequently tested ruminant-targeted assays appear to be suitable quantitative MST tools beyond the regional level while the targeted human-associated populations seem to be less prevalent and stable, suggesting potential for improvements in human-targeted methods.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Luciani, Andrea, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Sub-Arctic architecture in detail. Erskine’s disappearing architectural and constructional legacy in Kiruna
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Architectural Conservation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1355-6207 .- 2326-6384. ; 29:3, s. 275-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The focus of this article is the critical comparative analysis of three projects by Ralph Erskine realised between the 1950s and early 1960s in the municipality of Kiruna. The analysed projects offer the possibility to understand and discuss the extent to which architectural technology and typology could be developed for adapting modern design and ideals to the sub-Arctic climate conditions. Purpose of the presented research is the argumentation of the heritage value and conservation state of the selected designs in relation to Erskine's architectural vision. Considering that in the near future only one fragment of one of the three buildings will be preserved, the research contributes to passing on their legacy to future generations. The issues emerged from the attempt to assess the heritage value of the design and construction processes behind the buildings, stimulate further debate about the multiple perspectives of the practice of architectural conservation.
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