| 1. |
- Cortaliessa, Vittorio, et al.
(författare)
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Driving the selection of COTS components on the basis of system requirements
- 2007
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Ingår i: ASE'07 - 2007 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Automated Software Engineering, 2007. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781595938824 ; , s. 413-416
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a component-based development process the selection of components is an activity that takes place over multiple lifecycle phases that span from requirement specifications through design to implementation-integration. Automated tool support for component selection would be very helpful in each phase. In this paper we introduce a framework that supports the selection of COTS componentsin the requirements phase. The framework lays on a tool that builds and solves an optimization model, whose solution provides the optimal COTS component selection. The selection criterion is based on cost minimization of the whole system while assuring a certain degree of satisfaction of the system requirements. The output of the model solution indicates the optimal combination of single COTScomponents and assemblies of COTS that satisfy the requirements while minimizing costs.
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| 2. |
- Cortellessa, Vittorio, et al.
(författare)
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Experimenting the Automated Selection of COTS Components Based on Cost and System Requirements
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of universal computer science (Online). - 0948-695X .- 0948-6968. ; 14, s. 1228-1256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a component-based development process the selection of components is an activity that takes place over multiple lifecycle phases that span from requirement specifications through design to implementation and integration. In different phases, different assumptions are valid and different granularity of information is available, which has a consequence that different procedure should be used in the selection process and an automated tool support for an optimized component selection would be very helpful in each phase. In this paper we analyze the assumptions and propose the selection procedure in the requirements phase. The selection criterion is based on cost minimization of the whole system while assuring a certain degree of satisfaction of the system requirements that can be considered before designing the whole architecture. For the selection and optimization procedure we have adopted the DEER (DEcision support for componEnt-based softwaRe) framework, previously developed to be used in the selection process in the design phase. The output of DEER indicates the optimal combination of single COTS (Commercial-Off-The-Shelf) components and assemblies of COTS that satisfy the requirements while minimizing costs. In a case study we illustrate the selection and optimization procedure and an analysis of the model sensitivity to changes in the requirements.
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| 3. |
- Demeyer, Serge, et al.
(författare)
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The Next Level of Test Automation (NEXTA 2020)
- 2020
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Ingår i: 2020 IEEE International Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation Workshops (ICSTW). ; , s. xxii-xxii
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Test automation has been an acknowledged software engineering best practice for years. However, the topic involves more than the repeated execution of test cases that often comes first to mind. Simply running test cases using a unit testing framework is no longer enough for test automation to keep up with the ever-shorter release cycles driven by continuous deployment and technological innovations such as microservices and DevOps pipelines. Now test automation needs to rise to the next level by going beyond mere test execution.
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| 4. |
- Flemström, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Similarity-based prioritization of test case automation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Software quality journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0963-9314 .- 1573-1367. ; 26:4, s. 1421-1449
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The importance of efficient software testing procedures is driven by an ever increasing system complexity as well as global competition. In the particular case of manual test cases at the system integration level, where thousands of test cases may be executed before release, time must be well spent in order to test the system as completely and as efficiently as possible. Automating a subset of the manual test cases, i.e, translating the manual instructions to automatically executable code, is one way of decreasing the test effort. It is further common that test cases exhibit similarities, which can be exploited through reuse when automating a test suite. In this paper, we investigate the potential for reducing test effort by ordering the test cases before such automation, given that we can reuse already automated parts of test cases. In our analysis, we investigate several approaches for prioritization in a case study at a large Swedish vehicular manufacturer. The study analyzes the effects with respect to test effort, on four projects with a total of 3919 integration test cases constituting 35,180 test steps, written in natural language. The results show that for the four projects considered, the difference in expected manual effort between the best and the worst order found is on average 12 percentage points. The results also show that our proposed prioritization method is nearly as good as more resource demanding meta-heuristic approaches at a fraction of the computational time. Based on our results, we conclude that the order of automation is important when the set of test cases contain similar steps (instructions) that cannot be removed, but are possible to reuse. More precisely, the order is important with respect to how quickly the manual test execution effort decreases for a set of test cases that are being automated.
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| 5. |
- González-Hernández, Loreto, et al.
(författare)
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Using Mutant Stubbornness to Create Minimal and Prioritized Test Sets
- 2018
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Ingår i: 2018 IEEE International Conference on Software Quality, Reliability and Security (QRS). - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781538677575 - 9781538677582 ; , s. 446-457
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In testing, engineers want to run the most useful tests early (prioritization). When tests are run hundreds or thousands of times, minimizing a test set can result in significant savings (minimization). This paper proposes a new analysis technique to address both the minimal test set and the test case prioritization problems. This paper precisely defines the concept of mutant stubbornness, which is the basis for our analysis technique. We empirically compare our technique with other test case minimization and prioritization techniques in terms of the size of the minimized test sets and how quickly mutants are killed. We used seven C language subjects from the Siemens Repository, specifically the test sets and the killing matrices from a previous study. We used 30 different orders for each set and ran every technique 100 times over each set. Results show that our analysis technique performed significantly better than prior techniques for creating minimal test sets and was able to establish new bounds for all cases. Also, our analysis technique killed mutants as fast or faster than prior techniques. These results indicate that our mutant stubbornness technique constructs test sets that are both minimal in size, and prioritized effectively, as well or better than other techniques.
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| 6. |
- Helali Moghadam, Mahshid, et al.
(författare)
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Performance Testing Using a Smart Reinforcement Learning-Driven Test Agent
- 2021
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Ingår i: 2021 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC). - 9781728183930 ; , s. 2385-2394
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Performance testing with the aim of generating an efficient and effective workload to identify performance issues is challenging. Many of the automated approaches mainly rely on analyzing system models, source code, or extracting the usage pattern of the system during the execution. However, such information and artifacts are not always available. Moreover, all the transactions within a generated workload do not impact the performance of the system the same way, a finely tuned workload could accomplish the test objective in an efficient way. Model-free reinforcement learning is widely used for finding the optimal behavior to accomplish an objective in many decision-making problems without relying on a model of the system. This paper proposes that if the optimal policy (way) for generating test workload to meet a test objective can be learned by a test agent, then efficient test automation would be possible without relying on system models or source code. We present a self-adaptive reinforcement learning-driven load testing agent, RELOAD, that learns the optimal policy for test workload generation and generates an effective workload efficiently to meet the test objective. Once the agent learns the optimal policy, it can reuse the learned policy in subsequent testing activities. Our experiments show that the proposed intelligent load test agent can accomplish the test objective with lower test cost compared to common load testing procedures, and results in higher test efficiency.
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| 7. |
- Lisper, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Targeted Mutation : Efficient Mutation Analysis for Testing Non-Functional Properties
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 10th IEEE International Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation Workshops, ICSTW 2017. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781509066766 - 9781509066773 ; , s. 65-68
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mutation analysis has proven to be a strong technique for software testing. Unfortunately, it is also computationally expensive and researchers have therefore proposed several different approaches to reduce the effort. None of these reduction techniques however, focuses on non-functional properties. Given that our goal is to create a strong test suite for testing a certain non-functional property, which mutants should be used? In this paper, we introduce the concept of targeted mutation, which focuses mutation effort to those parts of the code where a change can make a difference with respect to the targeted non-functional property. We show how targeted mutation can be applied to derive efficient test suites for estimating the Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET). We use program slicing to direct the mutations to the parts of the code that are likely to have the strongest influence on execution time. Finally, we outline an experimental procedure for how to evaluate the technique.
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| 8. |
- Pietrantuono, Roberto, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-Objective Testing Resource Allocation under Uncertainty
- 2018
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation. - 1089-778X .- 1941-0026. ; 22:3, s. 347-362
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Testing resource allocation is the problem of planning the assignment of resources to testing activities of software components so as to achieve a target goal under given constraints. Existing methods build on Software Reliability Growth Models (SRGMs), aiming at maximizing reliability given time/cost constraints, or at minimizing cost given quality/time constraints. We formulate it as a multi-objective debug-aware and robust optimization problem under uncertainty of data, advancing the stateof- the-art in the following ways. Multi-objective optimization produces a set of solutions, allowing to evaluate alternative tradeoffs among reliability, cost and release time. Debug awareness relaxes the traditional assumptions of SRGMs – in particular the very unrealistic immediate repair of detected faults – and incorporates the bug assignment activity. Robustness provides solutions valid in spite of a degree of uncertainty on input parameters. We show results with a real-world case study.
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| 9. |
- Sapienza, Gaetana, et al.
(författare)
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Architectural Decisions for HW/SW Partitioning Based on Multiple Extra-Functional Properties
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Growing advances in hardware technologies are enabling significant improvements in application performance by the deployment of components to dedicated executable units. This is particularly valid for Cyber Physical Systems in which the applications are partitioned in HW and SW execution units. The growing complexity of such systems, and increasing requirements, both project- and product-related, makes the partitioning decision process complex. Although different approaches to this decision process have been proposed during recent decades, they lack the ability to provide relevant decisions based on a larger number of requirements and project/business constraints. A sound approach to this problem is taking into account all relevant requirements and constraints and their relations to the properties of the components deployed either as HW or SW units. A typical approach for managing a large number of criteria is a multicriteria decision analysis. This, in its turn, requires uniform definitions of component properties and their realization in respect to their HW/SW deployment. The aim of this paper is twofold: a) to provide an architectural metamodel of component-based applications with specifications of their properties with respect to their partitioning, and b) to categorize component properties in relation to HW/SW deployment. The metamodel enables the transition of system requirements to system and component properties. The categorization provides support for architectural decisions. It is demonstrated through a property guideline for the partitioning of the System Automation and Control domain. The guideline is based on interviews with practitioners and researchers, the experts in this domain.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Soares, Larissa Rocha, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of Non-Functional Properties in Software Product Lines : a Systematic Review
- 2014
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Ingår i: 2014 40TH EUROMICRO CONFERENCE SERIES ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND ADVANCED APPLICATIONS (SEAA 2014). - 9781479957958 ; , s. 328-335
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Software Product Lines (SPL) approach has been widely developed in academia and successfully applied in industry. Based on the selection of features, stakeholders can efficiently derive tailor-made programs satisfying different requirements. While SPL was very successful at building products based on identified features, achievements and preservation of many nonfunctional properties (NFPs) remain challenging. A knowledge how to deal with NFPs is still not fully obtained. In this paper, we present a systematic literature review of NFPs analysis for SPL products, focusing on runtime NFPs. The goal of the paper is twofold: (i) to present an holistic overview of SPL approaches that have been reported regarding the analysis of runtime NFPs, and (ii) to categorize NFPs treated in the scientific literature regarding development of SPLs. We analyzed 36 research papers, and identified that system performance attributes are typically the most considered. The results also aid future research studies in NFPs analysis by providing an unbiased view of the body of empirical evidence and by guiding future research directions.
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