| 1. |
- François, Camille, et al.
(författare)
-
Design and synthesis of biobased epoxy thermosets from biorenewable resources
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Comptes rendus. Chimie. - : Elsevier BV. - 1631-0748 .- 1878-1543. ; 20:11-12, s. 1006-1016
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biobased diepoxy synthons derived from isoeugenol, eugenol or resorcinol (DGE-isoEu, DGE-Eu and DGER, respectively) have been used as epoxy monomers in replacement of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA). Their curing with six different biobased anhydride hardeners leads to fully biobased epoxy thermosets. These materials exhibit interesting thermal and mechanical properties comparable to those obtained with conventional petrosourced DGEBA-based epoxy resins cured in similar conditions. In particular, a high T-g in the range of 90-130 degrees C and instantaneous moduli higher than 4.3 GPa have been recorded. These good performances are very encouraging, making these new fully biobased epoxy thermosets compatible with the usual structural application of epoxy materials.
|
|
| 2. |
- Francois, Camille, et al.
(författare)
-
Diglycidylether of iso-eugenol : a suitable lignin-derived synthon for epoxy thermoset applications
- 2016
-
Ingår i: RSC Advances. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2046-2069. ; 6:73, s. 68732-68738
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel lignin-based synthon, diglycidylether of iso-eugenol (DGE-isoEu) is used as a prepolymer for the preparation of thermosetting resins. DGE-isoEu is synthesized in a two-step procedure with a satisfactory yield from bio-based iso-eugenol (isoEu, 2-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)phenol) catalytically fragmented from lignin in an organosolv process. DGE-isoEu was fully characterized by NMR, MS and FTIR. Curing of the DGE-isoEu monomer has then been investigated in the presence of several carboxylic acid derivatives hardeners. The thermal and mechanical properties of each material were recorded showing, in particular, a high T-g and instantaneous modulus values in the range of 78-120 degrees C and 4.6-5.5 GPa, respectively. The lignin derived new materials give very attractive thermo-mechanical properties comparable to that of common BPA-containing epoxy resins.
|
|
| 3. |
- Witthayolankowit, Kuntawit, et al.
(författare)
-
Use of a fully biobased and non-reprotoxic epoxy polymer and woven hemp fabric to prepare environmentally friendly composite materials with excellent physical properties
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Composites Part B. - : Elsevier BV. - 1359-8368 .- 1879-1069. ; 258
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the future, materials will need to be biobased and produced sustainably without compromising mechanical properties. To date, in many cases, the advantages of the bio-origin of the raw material are overridden by the environmental impact of the process. In the present study, we have developed a novel composite material based on woven hemp fabric which reinforce a thermoset polymer produced from birch bark, a low-value forestry byproduct. Results show that this fully biobased composite has specific stiffness and strength equivalent to those of flax fibre-reinforced petroleum-based epoxy composites and slightly lower than glass fibre-reinforced petroleum-based epoxy composites. The sustainability of the material was also evaluated by life-cycle assessment from cradle to gate and showed significantly superior performance with respect to the potential global warming impact than commercial benchmark materials. Furthermore, toxicology studies showed no endocrine disruptive activities. This is an important proof of concept study demonstrating that biobased structural materials can be produced sustainably.
|
|
