| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Kassberg, Ann-Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Interventions aimed at improving the ability to use everyday technology in work after brain injury
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 23:2, s. 147-157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The aim of this study was to explore and describe how client-centred occupationaltherapy interventions may support and improve the ability to use everyday technology (ET) in worktasks in people with acquired brain injury (ABI). Method A qualitative, descriptive multiple-casestudy was designed, and occupation-based interventions were provided to three working-ageparticipants with ABI. Multiple sources were used to collect data throughout the three interventionprocesses, including assessments, field notes, and interviews. The Canadian OccupationalPerformance Measure and the Management of Everyday Technology Assessment were administeredbefore the interventions, after the interventions and at a follow-up session 2–3 monthssubsequent to the interventions. Results The three intervention processes initially consisted ofsimilar actions, but subsequently the actions took on a different focus and intensity for each case.All of the goals in each of the three case processes were achieved, and both perceived andobserved abilities to use ET in work tasks improved. Conclusions Client-centred occupationaltherapy interventions might have the potential to improve the ability to use ET in work tasks inpeople with ABI.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Kassberg, Ann-Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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The challenges of everyday technology in the workplace for persons with acquired brain injury
- 2013
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 20:4, s. 272-281
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To explore and describe how persons with an acquired brain injury (ABI) managed the everyday technology (ET) that they needed to use in their workplace and how this use influences their opportunities to work. Methods: Nine persons with an ABI were interviewed and observed when managing ET in their workplace. The data were analysed qualitatively with a constant comparative method. Results: The main category, "The challenge of managing ET in the workplace", consisted of three categories, all of which reflected different kinds of discrepancies between the participants' ability to manage ET and the demands that ET imposes on them in work: "Struggling with ET to be able to continue to work; "Depending on strategies to cope with ET to continue in a particular profession", and "Managing ET at work but concerned about keeping up with the changes". Conclusions: The result revealed discrepancies between the abilities of the persons with ABI to manage ET in relation to the demands that technology imposed on them in their work setting. This indicated that professionals need to consider the role of ET when designing interventions supporting a person's return to work after an ABI.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bergin, Michelle, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring with children, play in Irish primary schoolyards
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Play. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2159-4937.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Children’s play in Irish schoolyards remains neglected in educational policies and practices despite government commitments to inclusive schools and children’s rights. There is a dearth of research on children’s perspectives of play, criticisms of ‘at risk’ discourses underpinning concerns for certain children’s play rights, and studies identifying exclusion within Irish schoolyards, particularly for children with minoritized identities. This inquiry informed by the theory of practice architectures used walking interviews to explore with twenty-three children their play practices in two Irish primary schools identified as disadvantaged. Analysis of the interviews generated three themes: (1) the state of play – cracks with(in) the routines of the schoolyard, (2) playing along and with(in) this shared space and (3) the hard yard. This inquiry contributes to understandings of children’s play with(in) Irish schoolyards, as socially situated practices with contrasting representations of play as habitual and emerging. Play was central to children’s social lives, identities, and friendships and interrelated with diverse constraints, exclusionary practices, and the (re)production of the ‘hard yard’. While mattering most children’s experiences of significant constraints and inequities, this inquiry also highlighted the transformative possibilities generated within play to create shared possibilities for individual and collective flourishing.
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| 7. |
- Bergin, Michelle, et al.
(författare)
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‘Finding the play’- exploring with occupational therapists practice possibilities in the context of Irish schoolyards
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 31:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundResearch has identified diverse constraints to the adoption of school-based occupational therapy approaches and a lack of attention to addressing the barriers to children’s play opportunities. Critical contextualised research is advocated to inform practice possibilities.Aims/ObjectivesThis inquiry aimed to explore with occupational therapists their existing practices in Irish schoolyards to generate practice possibilities concerned with play, as an issue of occupational justice.Materials and MethodsUsing the theory of practice architectures, six occupational therapists from diverse sites of practice participated in the first phase of a critical action research process using dialogical focus group and occupational mapping methods.ResultsThree themes were generated (1) Existing practices as situated (2) (Re)mattering play and practices as occupations and (3) Practice possibilities – ‘Finding the play’ between responsiveness and responsibilities. A further interrelated dimension was how the research methods provided mechanisms of raising consciousness.Conclusions, and SignificanceAlongside constructing knowledges on existing practices in an Irish context, this inquiry contributes to understandings of practices as socially embedded generative processes of ‘finding the play’, highlighting ethical responsibilities to make visible inequities reproduced in habitual practices and engage in relationships of solidarity to (re)construct alternative shared practices.
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| 8. |
- Bergin, Michelle, et al.
(författare)
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Irish Schoolyards: Teacher’s Experiences of Their Practices and Children’s Play-“It’s Not as Straight Forward as We Think”
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Therapy, Schools, & Early Intervention. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1941-1243 .- 1941-1251.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the inclusion of play as a right, schools are urged to consider whether all children can access play opportunities in schoolyards. Refocusing on play as occupation is identified as an important way in which occupational therapists can contribute within schools. Greater knowledges of children’s play and teachers’ practices, in schoolyards in an Irish context, is required however to guide practices. This inquiry used interviews to explore with 10 primary school teachers, their practices, and experiences of children’s play in Irish schoolyards. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to generate three interrelated themes. These were a) Break(in)time: Play in schoolyards as different from other ways of doing within schools, b) play as producing inclusion and exclusion, c) and certainties and uncertainties produced in teachers’ everyday practices. This inquiry generated knowledges on the social nature of children’s play and teachers” practices in Irish schoolyards as negotiated processes, interacting with diverse intentions, and the particularities of each schoolyard. The consequences of individualizing choice were highlighted as central to the production of inclusion and exclusion in schoolyards. Greater consideration of how children’s play and teachers” practices occur as collective occupations, is proposed to advance inclusive schoolyards.
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| 9. |
- Bergin, Michelle, et al.
(författare)
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Irish Traveller Children's Play: A Scoping Review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Child and Family Studies. - : Springer. - 1062-1024 .- 1573-2843. ; 32, s. 3860-3875
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Irish Traveller children, an ethnic indigenous minoritized community in Ireland are identified in Ireland’s play policy as at higher risk of exclusion from realising their right to play, alongside a reported absence of research on indigenous children’s play. This scoping review aimed to identify the breadth and scope of available research on representations of Irish Traveller children’s play and the factors influencing play opportunities. Applying the updated Joanna Briggs Institute methodological guidance, a systematic search was completed of nine databases. Thirty-five peer reviewed studies met the inclusion criteria, descriptive study information was charted and summarised and enabling and restricting factors influencing Irish Traveller children’s play were identified using an existing conceptual model. The scoping review findings revealed a limited focus within research on Irish Traveller children’s play. Included studies however, provided evidence of; the importance of feeling a sense of belonging and safety to enable Irish Traveller children’s access to preferred play opportunities, involving real life activities, physical play outdoors and play with others; Irish Traveller parents value and facilitation of play; and the significant restricting influence of racism on Irish Traveller children’s play .Limited knowledge on Irish Traveller children’s own perspectives on play and the need to address racism as a restricting influence on play in school and community environments are considered in relation to practice and further research. Discourses representing Irish Traveller children as marginalised, were problematized as reflective of culturist assumptions, and a shift towards understanding the situated nature of Irish Traveller children’s play, as a capability is proposed.
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| 10. |
- Bergin, Michelle
(författare)
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Playing along (with)in the hard yard? Play, practices, and occupational justice in Irish schoolyards
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis aims to generate knowledges on practice possibilities concerned with children’s play and occupational justice in Irish schoolyards. Navigating the intersections between theory and practice required an ongoing examination of the tensions and points of resonance between ideas, ideals, and practices. Drawing on critical occupational perspectives, four distinct yet interrelated studies contribute to the thesis aim, exploring play, particularly the play of children with minoritized identities, as an issue of occupational justice from diverse perspectives. Minoritized draws attention to the active social processes that create inequitable opportunities for children because of their identities relative to gender, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, religion, sexuality, and disability.In Study I, a scoping review using the Joanna Briggs institute methodology, showed a paucity of existing research on the play of Irish Traveller children, an ethnic minoritized community. Using an existing conceptual model to categorise reported influencing factors emphasized the distinct restricting factor of racism on Irish Traveller children’s play. To address the problematization of at-risk representations of Irish Traveller children, as reflective of culturist assumptions, greater attention to children’s own diverse constructions of play as a capability is proposed.Study II completed virtual and walking interviews with ten primary school teachers to explore their practices and experiences of particularly children with minoritized identities play in Irish schoolyards. The reflexive thematic analysis highlighted how prevailing norms interrelated with the locus of risks of exclusion to children’s individual choices and how teachers’ while valuing play, prioritised safety and an absence of conflict. Knowledges constructed on teachers and children negotiating individual and collective interests within diverse occupations in relationships (with)in the schoolyard, resonated with conceptualisations of collective occupations as constitutive with the production of the social space.Study III used individual and group walking interview methods to explore with 23 children their play in two Irish primary schools, identified as disadvantaged. Using the lens of the theory of practice architectures, the analysis highlighted children’s contrasting representations of play as habitual and emerging situated relational processes. Children’s acceptance of social hierarchies, individualistic and exclusionary social practices within schoolyards generated insights into the consequences of significant constraints and normative ideas on children’s play. Play was thus interrelated with the reproduction of what was termed the “hard yard”. However, the transformative potential of play was also suggested in how shared play created possibilities for fun, solidarity, and friendship.Study IV drawing on earlier studies, engaged six occupational therapists from diverse sites of practice in a critical action research inquiry to interrogate existing practices and generate practice possibilities focused on play and occupational justice in Irish schoolyards. Putting the theory of practice architectures to use again, the analysis drew attention to how habitual practices interrelated with constraints including circumscribed professional identities, service expectations and cultural norms to (re)produce practice possibilities, in tension with occupational justice ideals. Furthermore, the research process using dialogical focus group and occupational mapping methods provided a mechanism for raising consciousness that (re)mattered occupations and occupational justice.In conclusion, this thesis contributes nuanced understandings of play as socially situated practices interrelated with significant constraints and diverse social practices (with)in the particularities of Irish schoolyards. The ways in which inequities were (re)produced in habitual, individualistic, and exclusionary practices within schoolyards, and relationships of solidarity and fun were created within shared play supports understandings of the centrality of occupations to (in)justice. The insights generated problematized inclusive practices drawing attention to normative discourses, the individualising of choices, the neglect of substantive issues, such as racism and the significance of vulnerabilities and friendships. This thesis suggests practice possibilities that extend beyond play as an individual concern to consider ethical responsibilities to raise consciousness on the relational nature of collective practices with(in) shared spaces. Furthermore, in connecting (with) theorizing on occupation as collective, the theory of practice architectures and mechanisms of raising consciousness this thesis contributes to understandings of praxis.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Hyyppä, Kalevi, et al.
(författare)
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Projekt: Seende rullstol
- 2012
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Projektet syftar till att göra det möjligt för personer med funktionsnedsättning, som inte själva har full förmåga att styra en rullstol, att ändå nyttja den. Sensorer på rullstolen upptäcker automatiskt hinder i omgivningen och ger därmed den rörelsehindrade hjälp med styrningen.En virtuell blindkäpp som består av en haptisk robotarm kopplad till en laser som mäter avstånd till föremål i omgivningen har även tagits fram. Utifrån informationen skapas en 3D-bild som brukaren av den virtuella blindkäppen kan känna på med robotarmen.Fortsatt forskning kommer att fokusera på den virtuella vita käppen som kommer att ha en mycket längre räckvidd än en vanlig vit käpp. Vi avser att göra den handhållen så att rullstolen inte behövs som bärare av laserskanner och haptisk robot. En mycket viktig del i vår forskning är att åstadkomma en bra användarupplevelse. Synskadade, som har stor erfarenhet av den vanlig vita käppen, skall snabbt lära sig att använda den virtuella vita käppen.
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| 13. |
- Innala Ahlmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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An Initial Field Trial of a Haptic Navigation System for Persons with a Visual Impairment
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Assistive Technologies. - 1754-9450 .- 2042-8723. ; 9:4, s. 199-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to describe conceptions of feasibility of a haptic navigation system for persons with a visual impairment (VI). Design/methodology/approach– Six persons with a VI who were white cane users were tasked with traversing a predetermined route in a corridor environment using the haptic navigation system. To see whether white cane experience translated to using the system, the participants received no prior training. The procedures were video-recorded, and the participants were interviewed about their conceptions of using the system. The interviews were analyzed using content analysis, where inductively generated codes that emerged from the data were clustered together and formulated into categories. Findings– The participants quickly figured out how to use the system, and soon adopted their own usage technique. Despite this, locating objects was difficult. The interviews highlighted the desire to be able to feel at a distance, with several scenarios presented to illustrate current problems. The participants noted that their previous white cane experience helped, but that it nevertheless would take a lot of practice to master using this system. The potential for the device to increase security in unfamiliar environments was mentioned. Practical problems with the prototype were also discussed, notably the lack of auditory feedback. Originality/value– One novel aspect of this field trial is the way it was carried out. Prior training was intentionally not provided, which means that the findings reflect immediate user experiences. The findings confirm the value of being able to perceive things beyond the range of the white cane; at the same time, the participants expressed concerns about that ability. Another key feature is that the prototype should be seen as a navigation aid rather than an obstacle avoidance device, despite the interaction similarities with the white cane. As such, the intent is not to replace the white cane as a primary means of detecting obstacles.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Isaksson, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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One woman's story about her everyday life after a spinal cord injury
- 2010
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 32:16, s. 1376-1386
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. The aim was to describe and offer an explanation for how one woman viewed her everyday life after a spinal cord injury (SCI). Method. Data were collected by conducting three interviews with one woman with a SCI. Open-ended questions were used with the intention of capturing the woman's own story. The narrative approach inspired by Polkinghorne was used to describe the woman's experiences of her everyday life after the SCI. Results. The analysis revealed that, events influenced her everyday life after a SCI and these events influenced her identity, habits and participation in activities. Further, how she has gone from a state of hopelessness in the early days to a reconstructed identity, associated with a new insight during the 2 years after the accident through a complex and dynamic process of change. In our interpretation we have attempted to provide an explanation of why this outcome came about. Conclusions. When using narratives, professionals within health-care could focus on the individual instead of the diagnosis or disability. Further, according to a client-centred perspective it is important to attain the client's experiences and knowledge to gain a more complete picture in order to obtain a profound understanding of the client.
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| 17. |
- Jansens, Rianne, et al.
(författare)
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The Representation of Children’s Participation in Guidelines for Planning and Designing Public Playspaces: A Scoping Review with “Best Fit” Framework Synthesis
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 20:10
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- For children, meaningful participation in community life includes being able to access places for play. Such community playspaces are potentially important for all children, including those with disabilities. Yet, children are rarely asked for their views on the design of playspaces, which can further contribute to exclusionary practices and undermine children’s rights to share their views on matters that affect them. In this scoping review, we aim to analyze guidelines and identify strategies for supporting children’s participation rights when planning public playspaces. Guidelines are practical tools used by local policymakers when creating community playspaces, which are important sites for children’s outdoor play. In total, forty-two guidelines were identified that addressed children’s participation rights, along with community involvement. Qualitative evidence synthesis with a “best fit” framework approach was used, informed by Lundy’s model of children’s participation. The findings revealed the importance of initial community involvement as a critical prerequisite. Strategies for children’s participation mostly concerned “space and voice” (for children of diverse abilities), with little attention paid to giving their views due weight. This evidence shows that there is a significant gap in knowledge surrounding policy development and implementation to support adults and children to cooperate equally in designing playspaces. Future directions for research in children’s participation require a focus on combined community–children participation approaches in public playspace design. Such work could strengthen and facilitate the role of adults as bearers of the duty to implement the rights of children. This review generated inclusive strategies in planning public playspaces, which could support local policymakers in this complex multi-layered process.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Lynch, Helen, et al.
(författare)
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From Policy to Play Provision : Universal Design and the Challenges of Inclusive Play
- 2018
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Ingår i: Children, Youth and Environments. - : University of Cincinnati. - 1546-2250. ; 28:2, s. 12-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Outdoor environments for children are important sites for social inclusion and play. In the European context, outdoor play provision is typically governed by regional or national policy and informed by international conventions that specifically state that inclusive environments must be made available for all children for their rights to be met. Specifically, universal design is proposed as a way to achieve this goal. However, little is known about national play policy in general, nor the extent to which universal design informs local play provision. This paper focuses on a review of play policy and guidelines carried out in 18 European countries and a national universal design study in Ireland in 2018. Findings identified an overall lack of play policy internationally, and when policy exists, universal design is under-represented. The potential application of the seven principles of universal design to playgrounds is discussed alongside play value principles to maximize successful playspace design. Further exploration of the child's voice in designing for play is warranted to strengthen socio-spatial inclusion and diminish the poverty of experience that many children with disabilities experience in their communities.
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| 20. |
- Lynch, Helen, et al.
(författare)
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The state of play in children's occupational therapy : A comparison between Ireland, Sweden and Switzerland
- 2018
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Ingår i: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 81:1, s. 42-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionPlay is viewed as an important occupation in childhood and consequently in children's occupational therapy. However, few studies have explored the place of play in therapy practice. This study aimed to contribute to this knowledge gap by exploring play in occupational therapy in three European countries.MethodA cross-sectional survey of occupational therapists in Ireland, Sweden and Switzerland was conducted to examine the use of play with children under 12 years old. A web-based survey was distributed to 935 occupational therapists, resulting in 338 returned surveys (36%). Responses were analysed using descriptive statistics and content analysis.ResultsResults were organised into three themes: (1) demographics and practice context; (2) play education and (3) use of play in practice. Respondents reported that although they valued play as an occupation, their primary focus was on play as a means to achieving other goals. Lack of education on play (research, theory and interventions) and pressures in the workplace were identified as barriers to play-centred practice.ConclusionFindings indicate that there is a mismatch between therapists valuing play as an occupation and how play is utilised in therapy practice. There is a need to strengthen education and research on play occupation to strengthen play-centred practice.
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| 21. |
- Nordström, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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A pilot study of children and parents experiences of the use of a new assistive device : the electro suit Mollii
- 2021
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Ingår i: Assistive technology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1040-0435 .- 1949-3614. ; 33:5, s. 238-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrical stimulation has been used for many years to treat spasticity in children with cerebral palsy and some improvements have been noted. Building on the benefits of electrical stimulation, a new assistive device, a suit with imbedded electrodes designed to reduce spasticity through electrical stimulation of the antagonistic muscles, has been tested.Aim: The aim of this study was to describe experiences from children with cerebral palsy and their parents regarding the use of the suit. Methods: Individual interviews were conducted with six children 5 to 10 years of age and their parents. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using a qualitative content analysis. Results: The analysis resulted in three themes: (1) the suit’s impact on image, (2) changes that make a difference and (3) dealing with a desire for change. Each of the themes included subthemes. Conclusion: All children reported some impact on their body and self and/or in some activities after the use of the suit. The parents also saw improvements during the trial period. However, the results are inconclusive and a larger study is needed to determine if the suit is useful from a longer perspective and whether it can affect activity and participation in daily activities for children with spasticity.
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| 22. |
- Nordström, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Physio- and Occupational Therapists View of the Place of Play in Re/habilitation: A Swedish Perspective
- 2023
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Ingår i: International journal of disability, development and education. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1034-912X .- 1465-346X. ; 70:2, s. 228-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this Swedish study was to explore and describe physiotherapists and occupational therapists’ attitudes and understanding of the place of play in habilitation. This was a qualitative study, using semi-structured interviews exploring ten habilitation professional’s experiences and attitude towards play. Interviews were analysed using content analysis. The analysis of the interviews resulted in four categories (1) Play in the present or exercise for the future (2) Play is a useful tool (3) Play needs different prerequisites (4) Play is a shared responsibility. The categories represent the professional’s attitudes and understanding of play in habilitation. Results demonstrated that enabling play for the sake of play was a low priority in habilitation, despite the acknowledgement that it is a primary concern for children. The professionals focus was mainly on interventions that were remedial: about doing the right thing for the physical body and preparing the child for his/her life as an adult. There is a need to change perspective and incorporate interventions aimed at childhood as well as adulthood. Habilitation professionals need to reframe their anxiety for the future child and reconsider the place of play in practice
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Prellwitz, Maria, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Are Playgrounds a Case of Occupational Injustice? Experiences of Parents of Children with Disabilities
- 2016
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Ingår i: Children, Youth and Environments. - : Project Muse. - 1546-2250. ; 26:2, s. 28-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Occupational injustice refers to a setting or situations that can restrict a person in performing an occupation. Because a playground is a setting that can restrict children with disabilities from the occupation of playing, this paper frames playground accessibility in terms of occupational justice. This study interviewed 18 parents of children with disabilities about their children's experiences with playgrounds. Examining playgrounds from an occupational justice perspective can be a means to advocate for accessible playgrounds as a first step towards helping children with disabilities participate in play activities in this environment.
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| 29. |
- Prellwitz, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Are playgrounds in Norrland (Northern Sweden) accessible to children with restricted mobility?
- 2001
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research. - : Stockholm University Press. - 1501-7419 .- 1745-3011. ; 3:1, s. 56-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate the accessibility of playgrounds to children with restricted mobility in Norrland. The investigation was carried out as a descriptive postal survey study. The questions in the survey were retrospective, i.e. addressed the issue of what had or had not been done to adapt the playgrounds for children with restricted mobility. The questionnaire was sent out to all the 54 municipalities in the province of Norrland. In the municipalities that responded to the questionnaire there were in all 2,266 playgrounds. When compiling the answers it appeared that only two of the total number of playgrounds were considered by the municipalities to be completely adapted for children with restricted mobility and that 46 playgrounds were partially adapted for them. The investigation can be seen as an illustration of the social model of disability. The inadequate adaptation of playgrounds to the needs of children with restricted mobility constitutes a very tangible societal barrier. It is a barrier, which can only be removed if the knowledge borne by those with restricted mobility and their organisations is utilised by municipal decision‐makers.
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| 30. |
- Prellwitz, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Attitudes of Key Persons to Accessibility Problems in Playgrounds for Children with Restricted Mobility: A Study in a Medium-sized Municipality in Northern Sweden
- 1999
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 6:4, s. 166-173
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Playgrounds are an important outdoor environment for children. Yet few playgrounds are designed to be accessible to children with restricted mobility. In this study the child with restricted mobility is defined as one who is unable to move around without the aid of a wheelchair, walking-frame, walking-stick or other walking device. The purpose of the study was to explore the attitudes to accessibility problems in playgrounds among two groups of key persons: "creators" and "users of playgrounds" in a medium-sized municipality in northern Sweden. Eleven key persons (5 "creators of playgrounds" and 6 "users of playgrounds") were interviewed in a semi-structured interview. The interviews were analysed according to content analysis and could be coded under different themes. The results showed that those who created playgrounds had (i) a fragmented organization, (ii) insufficient knowledge of disabilities, (iii) poor economy, and (iv) attitudes as an obstacle. Interviews with the users of the playgrounds were coded under two themes (i) the playground is not for me (i.e. for children with restricted mobility) and (ii) assistance is a precondition for accessibility. The results were discussed in the light of how the inaccessibility of play environments can affect the development of children with restricted mobility, and affect their possibilities of a life on a par with that of other children.
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| 31. |
- Prellwitz, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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How children with restricted mobility perceive the accessibility and usability of their home environment
- 2006
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Ingår i: Occupational Therapy International. - : Wiley. - 0966-7903 .- 1557-0703. ; 14:3, s. 193-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to describe how children with restricted mobility perceive accessibility and usability of their home environment. The investigation was carried through a descriptive questionnaire, mailed to children in northern Sweden with the diagnoses of cerebral palsy, spina bifida and muscular diseases. Eighty-two children completed the questionnaire. The results showed that the children perceived the accessibility of the physical environment in their homes as relatively good while outside the home the environment was less accessible. In the social environment, frequency of peer contacts varied. The present study underscores the challenges of ensuring that children with restricted mobility living in the parental home are able to have an accessible and usable environment in order to perform activities. Limitations of this study included the questionnaire design. Further research should be carried out with children with restricted mobility to obtain a better understanding of how to improve their mobility in their home environment
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| 32. |
- Prellwitz, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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How children with restricted mobility perceive their school environment
- 2000
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 7:4, s. 165-173
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this qualitative interview study was to describe how pupils with restricted mobility perceive their school environment with regard to physical-technical and psychological-social accessibility. Ten pupils with restricted mobility in the age range 7-12 years (five boys and five girls) were included in the study. These pupils attended ten different schools (four pupils at junior primary school and six pupils at senior primary school). As an instrument, parts of BAS (assessment of adaptations in school environments), a semistructured interview guide, were used. Content analysis of the interview transcripts was carried out and could be clustered in five main themes: inner environment, outer environment, teaching situation, social contacts with peers, and relations towards personnel. The results showed that even though the interviewed pupils considered that the physical-technical school environment was generally satisfactory, it still led to the pupils being excluded from certain contexts, both teaching and play contexts. Problems with physical accessibility resulted in the pupils losing valuable opportunities for contacts and relations with friends, i.e. shortcomings in the physical environment had social consequences. The psychological-social environment was also generally perceived as being free of problems, with the exception that the interviewed pupils stated that they were sometimes teased because of their disability. The conclusion can be drawn that disability is something that occurs between the individual and his or her physical-technical and psychological-social something that occurs between the individual and his or her physical-technical and psychological-social environments, which to a certain extent can be remedied by making changes to these environments
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Prellwitz, Maria
(författare)
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Olika miljöers tillgänglighet för barn med rörelsehinder : hemmet, skolan, lekplatser
- 2001
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The general aim of this licentiate thesis was to explore the accessibility to different environments for children with restricted mobility, from the children's own point of view. The environments explored were the home, the school and playgrounds. With Bronfenbrenners theory "the Ecology of Human Development" as the main theoretical frame of reference the ambition was to see how both physical and social accessibility in different environments, could affect children with restricted mobility. The thesis includes four substudies. In study one the purpose was to investigate how children with restricted mobility perceive their home environment. The investigated group who responded to the questionnaire consisted of 82 children. The results showed that the children perceived the accessibility of the physical environment in their homes as relatively good. Problems of accessibility in the physical environment were most obvious in the setting outside the home. As regards the social environment, the results were polarised. One third of the children had peer contacts in the home several times a week, while one third had peer contacts in the home only once a month or less. In study two the purpose was to describe how pupils with restricted mobility themselves perceive their school environment. Ten pupils were interviewed. The results showed that even though the interviewed pupils consider that the indoor school environment was generally satisfactory, it still lead to the pupils being excluded from certain contexts, both teaching and play contexts. Problems with physical accessibility lead to that the pupils lost valuable opportunities for contacts and relations with friends; i.e. shortcomings in the physical environment had social consequences. In study three the purpose was to explore the attitudes to accessibility problems in playgrounds among two groups of key persons: "creators" and "users of playgrounds" in a mediumsized municipality in northern Sweden. The results showed that those who created playgrounds had 1) a fragmented organisation, 2) insufficient knowledge of disabilities, 3) poor economy and 4) attitudes as an obstacle. Interviews with the users of the playgrounds showed that 1) the playground is not for me (i.e. for children with restricted mobility) and 2) assistance is a precondition for accessibility. In study four the purpose was to investigate the accessibility of playgrounds to children with restricted mobility in the northern half of Sweden. When compiling the answers it appeared that only two of the total number of playgrounds were considered by the municipalities to be completely adapted for children with restricted mobility and that 46 playgrounds were partially adapted for them.
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| 36. |
- Prellwitz, Maria
(författare)
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Playground accessibility and usability for children with disabilities : experiences of children, parents and professionals
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Studies have identified barriers in the physical environment causing restricted participation in play activities for children with disabilities. Therefore, was the overall aim of this thesis to identify and explore aspects of playground accessibility and usability for children with disabilities based on the experiences of children, parents and professionals. The design of the thesis includes four studies examining different aspects of playground accessibility and usability. Data were collected in Study I through interviews with creators of playgrounds (i.e., persons in a municipality responsible for playgrounds), and with users of playgrounds (i.e., children with restricted mobility, and adults that accompany the children to playgrounds). Data in Study II were collected using a questionnaire completed by persons responsible for playgrounds in 41 municipalities of northern Sweden. In Study III, data were collected through interviews of children with different abilities and in Study IV parents of children with disabilities were interviewed regarding playground design. Data from the interviews were analysed qualitatively while data from the questionnaire were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results of the studies showed that persons responsible for playgrounds have not always considered accessibility for children with disabilities. In fact, many of them had never thought about the issue and also expressed a lack of knowledge needed for building accessible playgrounds (I, II). Further, based on children’s experience, playgrounds are important environments for all children, but these are not accessible and usable for all (III). According to the parents, playgrounds do not support play or social interaction for children with disabilities and the design of most playgrounds made their children dependent on adult support. This in turn limited contact with peers and causing the children a sense of being different (IV). To conclude, the results showed that playgrounds are not an accessible or usable environment for many children with disabilities in Sweden. This has affected children with disabilities in negative ways that in turn can cause play deprivation, dependency and stigmatization. The results also indicated that there seems to be lack of awareness regarding children’s rights in society and legislation that governs playgrounds.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Prellwitz, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Universal design for social inclusion: Playgrounds for all
- 2018. - 1
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Ingår i: Seen and Heard: Exploring Participation, Engagement and Voice for Children with Disabilities. - Oxford : Peter Lang Publishing. - 9781787075160 - 9781787075177 ; , s. 267-295
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 39. |
- Prellwitz, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Usability of playgrounds for children with different abilities
- 2007
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Ingår i: Occupational Therapy International. - : Wiley. - 0966-7903 .- 1557-0703. ; 14:3, s. 144-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to better understand how children with different abilities use playgrounds to engage in creative play and interact socially with their peers. Twenty children aged between 7 and 12 years, with different abilities, participated in interviews. The findings showed that playgrounds served as a reference point for all the children, they challenged a child's physical abilities and provided opportunities for role-playing and social interactions. However, for children with disabilities, playgrounds had limited accessibility, usability and did not support interaction with peers. A methodological limitation of the study was that the interviewer only met the children once. Further research should be carried out to investigate if creating playgrounds according to universal design principles and adapting them to the needs of children with disabilities would improve social interactions and provide more opportunities for play.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Sjöblom, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Health throughout the lifespan : The phenomenon of the inner child reflected in events during childhood experienced by older persons
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe and gain more knowledge of the phenomenon of the inner child, reflected in events during childhood experienced by older persons. Thirteen older persons aged 70 to 91 years old were interviewed. A hermeneutical phenomenological analysis of the data revealed two main themes: the inner child becomes visible and the inner child's presence through life. The participants' narratives showed that their understanding of the experiences included both positive and negative feelings, as well as ways to be creative, in which the inner child became visible. The participants' experiences indicated that the inner child was present throughout the lifespan, was found in challenges that occurred in life, and could turn something bad into something good. However, the presence of the inner child could also be a source for development throughout life and could interfere with the person. The findings from this study point to older persons' need to be recognized, acknowledged, and understood as a unique person living his or her own life. In addition, dimensions of well-being such as feeling safe, loved, supported, and creating space for fantasy and possibilities can be compared to the physical, mental, social, and existential dimensions of well-being found in WHO surveys and definitions of health. This calls for a holistic approach when caring for older persons.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Skär, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Participation in play activities : a single-case study focusing on a child with obesity experiences
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 22:2, s. 211-219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to describe how a child with obesity perceived participation in play activities. A single-case study design was chosen to optimize the understanding of the complexities of the research question. A 9-year-old boy diagnosed with obesity was studied. This is a typical case and is studied mainly to provide understanding to the issue. The data were collected from interviews with the boy, his mother and his teacher. Data were also collected through observations and a self-report assessment instrument called Kid Play Profile. The results showed that the boy was ridiculed by his peers and that at times he felt excluded from them, which prevented him from participating in play activities. The boy's experience came from different perceived problems such as lack of friends to play with, his inability to know how to perform in different play activities, and lack of proper support and encouragement from adults. Supporting children to overcome social skills deficits could prevent them from being teased and may have a positive effect on health. To optimize children's participation in play activities, it is important for adults to give them proper support and encouragement. The results were discussed with regard to earlier research, and topics for further research are suggested.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Tamm, Maare, et al.
(författare)
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‘If I had a friend in a wheelchair’: children's thoughts on disabilities
- 2001
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Ingår i: Child Care Health and Development. - : Wiley. - 0305-1862 .- 1365-2214. ; 27:3, s. 223-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the present study was to examine what notions there are among ordinary preschool children and schoolchildren about physically handicapped children using wheelchairs. Forty-eight children-16 children of preschool age (half boys, half girls, aged around 6), 16 children in primary school class 2 (half boys, half girls, aged around 8) and 16 children in class 4 (half boys, half girls, aged around 8)-constituted the investigated group. The method used was a combination of drawings produced by the children themselves serving as a projective image, interview questions in connection with the drawings and a self-assessment scale, based on Osgood's semantic differential technique. The results showed that most children had favourable attitudes towards a child in a wheelchair. They were willing to include the disabled child in their games and recreational activities, and they considered that the disabled child would have many friends and a high self-esteem. However, they saw real obstacles for the disabled child both in play situations and in other environmental settings. No tangible differences between the sexes could be found; however, differences by age were present. The results were discussed with regard to earlier research and topics for further research are suggested.
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| 47. |
- Todorova, Liliya, et al.
(författare)
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COPILOT – Development and Implementation of International Cooperative Online Intercultural Learning
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Therapy Education. - : Encompass. - 2573-1378. ; 6:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents the products and evaluation results of COPILOT (Cooperative Online Peer-assisted and Intercultural Learning in Occupational Therapy), an Erasmus+ funded project undertaken by a consortium of six European universities from 2018 to 2021, which addresses the need for internationalization and intercultural learning by developing competences graduates will need in the future. Internationalization has become one of the main avenues to developing global learning in higher education. Online education has a significant role in providing opportunities for internationalization online without the high cost of travel that might deter some students. The interest in online intercultural exchange has been significantly growing in the past five years, though there is still a scarcity of fully developed models and online learning activities to facilitate the practical implementation of this kind of learning. The COPILOT project produced a theoretical framework and a practical model for facilitating online intercultural learning in occupational therapy, as well as a manual with nine innovative, accessible and flexible online learning modules, complete with practical tips on how to implement them, and a collection of online educational resources (OERs). The modules were piloted with 498 students from nine universities and then evaluated by students and teachers. The results show that the project products offer a practical opportunity to implement international and intercultural learning online for all students of occupational therapy. The need for intercultural competence within occupational therapy programs is discussed.
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| 48. |
- Vandemaele, Siska, et al.
(författare)
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International Module ICC@HOME
- 2016
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Ingår i: 1st CONTEC-ENOTHE Congress. ; , s. 312-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Wenger, Ines, et al.
(författare)
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Children’s experiences of playground characteristics that contribute to play value and inclusion: Insights from a meta-ethnography
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Science. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1442-7591 .- 2158-1576.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For children, playing outdoors is a meaningful occupation, and such play is enabled by outdoor playgrounds. As play is a fundamental right for every child, Universal Design is an approach to creating inclusive playgrounds that welcome all children. Yet, research investigating how the physical environment of a playground supports children’s play needs, in terms of play value and inclusion, is largely absent. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate how children’s experiences of the environmental characteristics of outdoor playgrounds add to the understanding of play value and inclusion from a child-centred perspective. Using a meta-ethnography approach, a systematic review of qualitative evidence was conducted, which included 17 studies. The study identified two themes. Theme one describes the understanding of play value from the children’s view, which includes their experiencing and mastering of challenges, creating and shaping of the physical environment, social experiences of playing with or alongside other children, and sense of belonging felt from the welcoming playground atmosphere. Theme two describes how the design of the physical environment of a playground in the sense of the variety of spaces and places, and the variability of designed and non-designed elements, influences play value and inclusion. The line of argument synthesis describes the interrelationship between the physical (variety and variability) and the social environment (inclusion) characteristics of the playground through the socio-spatial element of play value. This study identified the interrelated elements contributing to high play value, and consequently place-making, which can contribute to the understanding of inclusive design for playgrounds.
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