| 1. |
- Mainela, Tuija, et al.
(författare)
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Hybrid ways of organizing opportunities in international entrepreneurship
- 2015
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Ingår i: Handbook on International Alliance and Network Research. - : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781783475483 - 9781783475476 ; , s. 65-86
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty years ago Oviatt and McDougall suggested an international new venture (INV) to be a specific type of organization that is international from or near inception. The international entrepreneurship (IE) field has been widened to cover studies of entrepreneurial behavior on opportunities in other types of organizations, such as multinational corporations, micro-multinationals and re-internationalizing SMEs. The widening scope of organizational structures under study in the IE field, together with emergence of a variety of new ways of governing economic activities in present day business, opens up a question of the possible ways of organizing the opportunities in IE. In this study we aim to advance IE research that examines international entrepreneurial behaviors focused on international opportunities within various organizational settings and to question the taken-for-granted assumptions of organizing IE. The research question of this study is, how does the research in IE field uncover the varying forms of organizing international opportunities? In the search for an answer to this question, we review the forms of organizing in a set of IE articles published between 1989 and 2012. We find that, although IE research has extended its scope to cover a wider variety of firms and their sub-units, it is still limited in its acknowledgement and understanding of the more flexible organizing forms, such as network organization and various types of virtual and latent ways of organizing economic activities. Building on these observations, we articulate future research directions for study of the hybrid ways of organizing international opportunities in current global markets.
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| 2. |
- Mainela, Tuija, et al.
(författare)
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The Concept of International Opportunity in International Entrepreneurship : A Review and a Research Agenda
- 2014
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Ingår i: International journal of management reviews (Print). - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1460-8545 .- 1468-2370. ; 16:1, s. 105-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent research in the field of international entrepreneurship (IE) has emphasized the concept of international opportunity. The entrepreneurial behaviors focused on international opportunities have been found to be critical in IE. International opportunities, however, are often depicted in rather abstract and unspecified ways, and the research suffers from narrow theoretical discussion in relation to the concept of opportunity. To address these issues, the authors draw from entrepreneurship research and present alternative conceptualizations of opportunities as a basis for more in-depth study of international opportunities in IE. To further articulate a future research agenda, the authors review the state of knowledge on opportunities in the IE field by content-analyzing articles published between 1989 and 2012. All the analyzed articles incorporate the concept of opportunity into their studies. It is found that, although the IE research has investigated many relevant elements, it is rather limited in the articulation of the conceptual features of international opportunities and opportunity-focused behaviors. Building on these observations, the authors propose a definition of international opportunity and research questions and strategies to advance IE research on international opportunities.
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