| 1. |
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| 2. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Klionsky, Daniel J., et al.
(författare)
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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- 2012
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Ingår i: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 8:4, s. 445-544
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
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| 4. |
- Jin, Ying-Hui, et al.
(författare)
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Chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments, and discharge management of COVID-19 : An evidence-based clinical practice guideline (updated version)
- 2020
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Ingår i: Military Medical Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2054-9369. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of a rapidly spreading illness, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), affecting more than seventeen million people around the world. Diagnosis and treatment guidelines for clinicians caring for patients are needed. In the early stage, we have issued "A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version)"; now there are many direct evidences emerged and may change some of previous recommendations and it is ripe for develop an evidence-based guideline. We formed a working group of clinical experts and methodologists. The steering group members proposed 29 questions that are relevant to the management of COVID-19 covering the following areas: chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments, and discharge management. We searched the literature for direct evidence on the management of COVID-19, and assessed its certainty generated recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Recommendations were either strong or weak, or in the form of ungraded consensus-based statement. Finally, we issued 34 statements. Among them, 6 were strong recommendations for, 14 were weak recommendations for, 3 were weak recommendations against and 11 were ungraded consensus-based statement. They covered topics of chemoprophylaxis (including agents and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) agents), diagnosis (including clinical manifestations, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respiratory tract specimens, IgM and IgG antibody tests, chest computed tomography, chest x-ray, and CT features of asymptomatic infections), treatments (including lopinavir-ritonavir, umifenovir, favipiravir, interferon, remdesivir, combination of antiviral drugs, hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, interleukin-6 inhibitors, interleukin-1 inhibitors, glucocorticoid, qingfei paidu decoction, lianhua qingwen granules/capsules, convalescent plasma, lung transplantation, invasive or noninvasive ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)), and discharge management (including discharge criteria and management plan in patients whose RT-PCR retesting shows SARS-CoV-2 positive after discharge). We also created two figures of these recommendations for the implementation purpose. We hope these recommendations can help support healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients.
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| 5. |
- Wan, Cheng-Liang, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamics of slow electrons transmitting through straight glass capillary and tapered glass capillary
- 2016
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Ingår i: Wuli xuebao. - : Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. - 1000-3290. ; 65:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been found that the transmission rate of the electrons through insulating capillaries as a function of time/incident charge is not the same as that of the ions. The question arises that by using the electrons, if the negative charge patches can be formed to facilitate the transmission of the following electrons, thereby substantiating that the so-called guiding effect works also for electrons. This study aims to observe the time evolutions of the transmission of electrons through a straight glass tube and a tapered glass capillary. This will reveal the details of how and (or) if the negative charge patches can be formed when the electrons transport through them. In this work, a set of MCP/phosphor two-dimensional detection system based on Labview platform is developed to obtain the time evolution of the angular distribution of the transmitted electrons. The pulsed electron beams are obtained to test our detection system. The time evolution of the angular profile of 1.5 keV electrons transmitting through the glass tube/capillary is observed. The transmitted electrons are observed on the detector for a very short time and disappear for a time and then appear again for both the glass tube and tapered glass capillary, leading to an oscillation. The positive charge patches are formed in the insulating glass tube and tapered glass capillary since the secondary electron emission coefficient for the incident energy is larger than 1. It is due to the fact that fast discharge of the deposited charge leads to the increase of the transmission rate, while the fast blocking of the incident electrons due to the deposited positive charge leads to the decrease of the transmission rate. The geometrical configuration of the taper glass capillary tends to make the secondary electrons deposited at the exit part to form the negative patches that facilitate the transmission of electrons. This suggests that if the stable transmission needs to be reached for producing the electron micro-beam by using tapered glass capillaries, the steps must be taken to have the proper grounding and shielding of the glass capillaries and tubes. Our results show a difference in transmission through the insulating capillary between electrons and highly charged ions.
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| 6. |
- Xin, Yan-Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Research progress of hydrogen tunneling in two-dimensional materials
- 2017
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Ingår i: Wuli xuebao. - : CHINESE PHYSICAL SOC. - 1000-3290. ; 66:5
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- One-atom-thick material such as graphene, graphene derivatives and graphene-like materials, usually has a dense network lattice structure and therefore dense distribution of electronic clouds in the atomic plane. This unique structure makes it have great significance in both basic research and practical applications. Studies have shown that molecules, atoms and ions are very difficult to permeate through these above-mentioned two-dimensional materials. Theoretical investigations demonstrate that even hydrogen, the smallest in atoms, is expected to take billions of years to penetrate through the dense electronic cloud of graphene. Therefore, it is generally considered that one-atom-thin materialis impermeable for hydrogen. However, recent experimental results have shown that the hydrogen atoms can tunnel through graphene and monolayer hexagonal boron nitride at room temperature. The existence of defects in one-atomthin material can also effectively reduce the barrier height of the hydrogen tunneling through graphene. Controversy exists about whether hydrogen particles such as atoms, ions or hydrogen molecules can tunnel through two-dimensional materials, and it has been one of the popular topics in the fields of two-dimensional materials. In this paper, the recent research progressof hydrogen tunneling through two-dimensional materials is reviewed. The characteristics of hydrogen isotopes tunneling through different two-dimensional materials are introduced. Barrier heights of hydrogen tunneling through different graphene and graphene-like materials are discussed and the difficulties in its transition are compared. Hydrogen cannot tunnel through the monolayer molybdenum disulfide, only a little small number of hydrogen atoms can tunnel hrough graphene and hexagonal boron nitride, while hydrogen is relatively easy to tunnel through silicene and phosphorene. The introduction of atomic defects or some oxygen-containing functional groups into the two-dimensional material is discussed, which can effectively reduce the barrier height of the hydrogen tunneling barrier. By adding the catalyst and adjusting the temperature and humidity of the tunneling environment, the hydrogen tunneling ability can be enhanced and the hydrogen particles tunneling through the two-dimensional material can be realized. Finally, the applications of hydrogen tunneling through two-dimensional materials in ion-separation membranes, fuel cells and hydrogen storage materials are summarized. The potential applications of hydrogen permeable functional thin film materials, lithium ion battery electrode materials and nano-channel ions in low energy transmission are prospected. The exact mechanism of hydrogen tunneling through two-dimensional material is yet to be unravelled. In order to promote these applications and to realize large-scale production and precision machining of these two-dimensional materials, an in-depth understanding of the fundamental questions of the hydrogen tunneling mechanism is needed. Further studies are needed to predict the tunneling process quantitatively and to understand the effects of catalyst and the influences of chemical environments.
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| 7. |
- Bai, Yang, et al.
(författare)
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Geometry design of tethered small-molecule acceptor enables highly stable and efficient polymer solar cells
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the power conversion efficiency of binary polymer solar cells dramatically improved, the thermal stability of the small-molecule acceptors raised the main concerns on the device operating stability. Here, to address this issue, thiophene-dicarboxylate spacer tethered small-molecule acceptors are designed, and their molecular geometries are further regulated via the thiophene-core isomerism engineering, affording dimeric TDY-alpha with a 2, 5-substitution and TDY-beta with 3, 4-substitution on the core. It shows that TDY-alpha processes a higher glass transition temperature, better crystallinity relative to its individual small-molecule acceptor segment and isomeric counterpart of TDY-beta, and amore stablemorphology with the polymer donor. As a result, the TDY-alpha based device delivers a higher device efficiency of 18.1%, and most important, achieves an extrapolated lifetime of about 35000 hours that retaining 80% of their initial efficiency. Our result suggests that with proper geometry design, the tethered small-molecule acceptors can achieve both high device efficiency and operating stability.
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| 8. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 9. |
- Cao, Zhi-Guo, et al.
(författare)
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Particle size : A missing factor in risk assessment of human exposure to toxic chemicals in settled indoor dust
- 2012
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Ingår i: Environment International. - : Elsevier. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 49, s. 24-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For researches on toxic chemicals in settled indoor dust, selection of dust fraction is a critical influencing factor to the accuracy of human exposure risk assessment results. However, analysis of the selection of dust fraction in recent studies revealed that there is no consensus. This study classified and presented researches on distribution of toxic chemicals according to dust particle size and on relationship between dust particle size and human exposure possibility. According to the literature, beyond the fact that there were no consistent conclusions on particle size distribution of adherent fraction, dust with particle size less than 100 mu m should be paid more attention and that larger than 250 mu m is neither adherent nor proper for human exposure risk assessment. Calculation results based on literature data show that with different selections of dust fractions, analytical results of toxic chemicals would vary up to 10-fold, which means that selecting dust fractions arbitrarily will lead to large errors in risk assessment of human exposure to toxic chemicals in settled dust. Taking into account the influence of dust particle size on risk assessment of human exposure to toxic chemicals, a new methodology for risk assessment of human exposure to toxic chemicals in settled indoor dust is proposed and human exposure parameter systems to settled indoor dust are advised to be established at national and regional scales all over the world.
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| 10. |
- Ding, Xue Bing, et al.
(författare)
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Impaired meningeal lymphatic drainage in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 27:3, s. 411-418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Animal studies implicate meningeal lymphatic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, there is no direct evidence in humans to support this role1–5. In this study, we used dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to assess meningeal lymphatic flow in cognitively normal controls and patients with idiopathic PD (iPD) or atypical Parkinsonian (AP) disorders. We found that patients with iPD exhibited significantly reduced flow through the meningeal lymphatic vessels (mLVs) along the superior sagittal sinus and sigmoid sinus, as well as a notable delay in deep cervical lymph node perfusion, compared to patients with AP. There was no significant difference in the size (cross-sectional area) of mLVs in patients with iPD or AP versus controls. In mice injected with α-synuclein (α-syn) preformed fibrils, we showed that the emergence of α-syn pathology was followed by delayed meningeal lymphatic drainage, loss of tight junctions among meningeal lymphatic endothelial cells and increased inflammation of the meninges. Finally, blocking flow through the mLVs in mice treated with α-syn preformed fibrils increased α-syn pathology and exacerbated motor and memory deficits. These results suggest that meningeal lymphatic drainage dysfunction aggravates α-syn pathology and contributes to the progression of PD.
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| 11. |
- Elsik, Christine G., et al.
(författare)
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The Genome Sequence of Taurine Cattle : A Window to Ruminant Biology and Evolution
- 2009
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 324:5926, s. 522-528
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To understand the biology and evolution of ruminants, the cattle genome was sequenced to about sevenfold coverage. The cattle genome contains a minimum of 22,000 genes, with a core set of 14,345 orthologs shared among seven mammalian species of which 1217 are absent or undetected in noneutherian (marsupial or monotreme) genomes. Cattle-specific evolutionary breakpoint regions in chromosomes have a higher density of segmental duplications, enrichment of repetitive elements, and species-specific variations in genes associated with lactation and immune responsiveness. Genes involved in metabolism are generally highly conserved, although five metabolic genes are deleted or extensively diverged from their human orthologs. The cattle genome sequence thus provides a resource for understanding mammalian evolution and accelerating livestock genetic improvement for milk and meat production.
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| 12. |
- Ge, Qi, et al.
(författare)
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Structure-Based Low-Rank Model With Graph Nuclear Norm Regularization for Noise Removal
- 2017
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Image Processing. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1057-7149 .- 1941-0042. ; 26:7, s. 3098-3112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nonlocal image representation methods, including group-based sparse coding and block-matching 3-D filtering, have shown their great performance in application to low-level tasks. The nonlocal prior is extracted from each group consisting of patches with similar intensities. Grouping patches based on intensity similarity, however, gives rise to disturbance and inaccuracy in estimation of the true images. To address this problem, we propose a structure-based low-rank model with graph nuclear norm regularization. We exploit the local manifold structure inside a patch and group the patches by the distance metric of manifold structure. With the manifold structure information, a graph nuclear norm regularization is established and incorporated into a low-rank approximation model. We then prove that the graph-based regularization is equivalent to a weighted nuclear norm and the proposed model can be solved by a weighted singular-value thresholding algorithm. Extensive experiments on additive white Gaussian noise removal and mixed noise removal demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a better performance than several state-of-the-art algorithms.
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| 13. |
- Han, Xue-Min, et al.
(författare)
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Evolution and Function of the Populus SABATH Family Reveal That a Single Amino Acid Change Results in a Substrate Switch
- 2018
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Ingår i: Plant and Cell Physiology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0032-0781 .- 1471-9053. ; 59:2, s. 392-403
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evolutionary mechanisms of substrate specificities of enzyme families remain poorly understood. Plant SABATH methyltransferases catalyze methylation of the carboxyl group of various low molecular weight metabolites. Investigation of the functional diversification of the SABATH family in plants could shed light on the evolution of substrate specificities in this enzyme family. Previous studies identified 28 SABATH genes from the Populus trichocarpa genome. In this study, we re-annotated the Populus SABATH gene family, and performed molecular evolution, gene expression and biochemical analyses of this large gene family. Twenty-eight Populus SABATH genes were divided into three classes with distinct divergences in their gene structure, expression responses to abiotic stressors and enzymatic properties of encoded proteins. Populus class I SABATH proteins converted IAA to methyl-IAA, class II SABATH proteins converted benzoic acid (BA) and salicylic acid (SA) to methyl-BA and methyl-SA, while class III SABATH proteins converted farnesoic acid (FA) to methyl-FA. For Populus class II SABATH proteins, both forward and reverse mutagenesis studies showed that a single amino acid switch between PtSABATH4 and PtSABATH24 resulted in substrate switch. Our findings provide new insights into the evolution of substrate specificities of enzyme families.
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| 14. |
- Huang, Juan, et al.
(författare)
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Differential metabolic profiles of ginsenosides in artificial gastric juice using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometry
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMC Biomedical chromotography. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0269-3879 .- 1099-0801. ; 36:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ginsenosides have poor oral bioavailability and undergo rapid biological transformation in the complex gastrointestinal environment. Most studies on the metabolism of ginsenosides have focused on gut bacteria, yet gastric juice remains a nonnegligible factor. Metabolic profiles of ginsenoside monomers formed in artificial gastric juice were separately investigated and qualitatively identified using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MSn). A common pattern of their metabolic pathways was established, showing that ginsenosides were transformed via deglycosylation, hydration, and dehydration pathways. Two major structure types, 20(S), 20(R)-protopanaxatriols and 20(S), 20(R)-protopanaxadiols, basically shared similar transformation pathways and yielded deglycosylated, hydrated, and dehydrated products. Fragmentation patterns of major ginsenosides were also discussed. Consequently, gastric juice, as the primary link in ginsenoside metabolism and as important as the intestinal flora, produces considerable amounts of degraded ginsenosides, providing a partial explanation for the low bioavailabilities of primary ginsenosides.
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| 15. |
- Huang, Shan, et al.
(författare)
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Dipyridamole enhances the anti-cancer ability of aspirin against colorectal cancer by inducing apoptosis in an unfolded protein response-dependent manner
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cellular Oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2211-3428 .- 2211-3436. ; 46:4, s. 953-967
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Available evidence indicates that dipyridamole enhances the anti-thrombotic effects of aspirin for the prevention of secondary strokes. Aspirin is a well-known non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug. This anti-inflammatory property has turned aspirin into a potential drug for inflammation-related cancers such as colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we aimed to explore whether the anti-cancer effect of aspirin against CRC could be improved by combined administration with dipyridamole.METHODS: Population-based clinical data analysis was conducted to assess a possible therapeutic effect of combined dipyridamole and aspirin treatment in inhibiting CRC compared with either monotherapy. This therapeutic effect was further verified in different CRC mouse models, i.e. an orthotopic xenograft mouse model, an AOM/DSS mouse model, an Apc min/+ mouse model and a patient derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model. The in vitro effects of the drugs on CRC cells were tested using CCK8 and flow cytometry assays. RNA-Seq, Western blotting, qRT-PCR and flow cytometry were used to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS: We found that dipyridamole combined with aspirin had a better inhibitory effect on CRC than either monotherapy alone. The enhanced anti-cancer effect of the combined use of dipyridamole with aspirin was found to rely on the induction of an overwhelmed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequent pro-apoptotic unfolded protein response (UPR), which was different from the anti-platelet effect.CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that the anti-cancer effect of aspirin against CRC may be enhanced by combined administration with dipyridamole. In case further clinical studies confirm our findings, these may be repurposed as adjuvant agents.
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| 16. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The Sixth Visual Object Tracking VOT2018 Challenge Results
- 2019
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Ingår i: Computer Vision – ECCV 2018 Workshops. - Cham : Springer Publishing Company. - 9783030110086 - 9783030110093 ; , s. 3-53
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2018 is the sixth annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of over eighty trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis and a “real-time” experiment simulating a situation where a tracker processes images as if provided by a continuously running sensor. A long-term tracking subchallenge has been introduced to the set of standard VOT sub-challenges. The new subchallenge focuses on long-term tracking properties, namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. A new dataset has been compiled and a performance evaluation methodology that focuses on long-term tracking capabilities has been adopted. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term and the new long-term tracking subchallenges. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website (http://votchallenge.net).
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| 17. |
- Li, Shuqi, et al.
(författare)
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Rtt105 functions as a chaperone for replication protein A to preserve genome stability
- 2018
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Ingår i: EMBO Journal. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 0261-4189 .- 1460-2075. ; 37:17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Generation of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) is required for the template strand formation during DNA replication. Replication Protein A (RPA) is an ssDNA-binding protein essential for protecting ssDNA at replication forks in eukaryotic cells. While significant progress has been made in characterizing the role of the RPA-ssDNA complex, how RPA is loaded at replication forks remains poorly explored. Here, we show that the Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein regulator of Ty1 transposition 105 (Rtt105) binds RPA and helps load it at replication forks. Cells lacking Rtt105 exhibit a dramatic reduction in RPA loading at replication forks, compromised DNA synthesis under replication stress, and increased genome instability. Mechanistically, we show that Rtt105 mediates the RPA-importin interaction and also promotes RPA binding to ssDNA directly in vitro, but is not present in the final RPA-ssDNA complex. Single-molecule studies reveal that Rtt105 affects the binding mode of RPA to ssDNA These results support a model in which Rtt105 functions as an RPA chaperone that escorts RPA to the nucleus and facilitates its loading onto ssDNA at replication forks.
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| 18. |
- Li, Shangyu, et al.
(författare)
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Tethered Small-Molecule Acceptors Simultaneously Enhance the Efficiency and Stability of Polymer Solar Cells
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For polymer solar cells (PSCs), the mixture of polymer donors and small-molecule acceptors (SMAs) is fine-tuned to realize a favorable kinetically trapped morphology and thus a commercially viable device efficiency. However, the thermodynamic relaxation of the mixed domains within the blend raises concerns related to the long-term operational stability of the devices, especially in the record-holding Y-series SMAs. Here, a new class of dimeric Y6-based SMAs tethered with differential flexible spacers is reported to regulate their aggregation and relaxation behavior. In their polymer blends with PM6, it is found that they favor an improved structural order relative to that of Y6 counterpart. Most importantly, the tethered SMAs show large glass transition temperatures to suppress the thermodynamic relaxation in mixed domains. For the high-performing dimeric blend, an unprecedented open circuit voltage of 0.87 V is realized with a conversion efficiency of 17.85%, while those of regular Y6-base devices only reach 0.84 V and 16.93%, respectively. Most importantly, the dimer-based device possesses substantially reduced burn-in efficiency loss, retaining more than 80% of the initial efficiency after operating at the maximum power point under continuous illumination for 700 h. The tethering approach provides a new direction to develop PSCs with high efficiency and excellent operating stability.
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| 19. |
- Liu, Leifeng, et al.
(författare)
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Self-supported yttria-stabilized zirconia mesocrystals with tunable mesopores prepared by a chemi-thermal process
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Materiomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-8478 .- 2352-8486. ; 5:3, s. 350-356
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mesoporous mesocrystals are highly desired in catalysis, energy storage, medical and many other applications, but most of synthesis strategies involve the usage of costly chemicals and complicated synthesis routes, which impede the commercialization of such materials. During the sintering of dense ceramics, coarsening is an undesirable phenomenon which causes the growth of the grains as well as the pores hence hinders the densification, however, coarsening is desired in the sintering of porous ceramics to expand the pore sizes while retaining the total pore volume. Here we report a chemi-thermal process, during which nanocrystallite aggregates were synthesized by hydrothermal process and then converted to the product by sintering. Through this strategy, we synthesized mesoporous self-supported mesocrystals of yttria-stabilized zirconia with tunable pore size and the process was then scaled-up to industrial production. The thermal conductivity measurement shows that the mesoporous powder is a good thermal isolator. The monolith pellets can be obtained by SPS sintering under high pressure and the mesoporosity is retained in the monolith pellets. This work features facile and scalable process as well as low cost raw chemicals making it highly desirable in industrial applications.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Men, Yong-Biao, et al.
(författare)
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Rational Construction of 2D and 3D Borromean Arrayed Organic Crystals by Hydrogen Bonds Directed Self-Assembly
- 2009
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Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : Wiley. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 48:16, s. 2873-2876
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Borromean system, which contains nontrivial three ring links (no ring is interlocked to another without the help of the third one), is a very intriguing pattern of crystal entanglements, because of the topological complexity, structural integrity, and aesthetic beauty. Herein we report the rational construction of Borromean three-fold 2D-2D entangled layers and n-Borromean 2D-3D entangled infinite layers with pure organic supramolecular synthons based on hydrogen-bond-directed self assembly.
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| 22. |
- Nie, Huizhen, et al.
(författare)
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The short isoform of PRLR suppresses the pentose phosphate pathway and nucleotide synthesis through the NEK9-Hippo axis in pancreatic cancer
- 2021
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Ingår i: Theranostics. - : Ivyspring International Publisher. - 1838-7640. ; 11:8, s. 3898-3915
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prolactin binding to the prolactin receptor exerts pleiotropic biological effects in vertebrates. The prolactin receptor (PRLR) has multiple isoforms due to alternative splicing. The biological roles and related signaling of the long isoform (PRLR-LF) have been fully elucidated. However, little is known about the short isoform (PRLR-SF), particularly in cancer development and metabolic reprogramming, a core hallmark of cancer. Here, we reveal the role and underlying mechanism of PRLR-SF in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Methods: A human PDAC tissue array was used to investigate the clinical relevance of PRLR in PDAC. The in vivo implications of PRLR-SF in PDAC were examined in a subcutaneous xenograft model and an orthotopic xenograft model. Immunohistochemistry was performed on tumor tissue obtained from genetically engineered KPC (KrasG12D/+; Trp53R172H/+; Pdx1-Cre) mice with spontaneous tumors. 13C-labeled metabolite measures, LC-MS, EdU incorporation assays and seahorse analyses were used to identify the effects of PRLR-SF on the pentose phosphate pathway and glycolysis. We identified the molecular mechanisms by immunofluorescence, coimmunoprecipitation, proximity ligation assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation and promoter luciferase activity. Public databases (TCGA, GEO and GTEx) were used to analyze the expression and survival correlations of the related genes. Results: We demonstrated that PRLR-SF is predominantly expressed in spontaneously forming pancreatic tumors of genetically engineered KPC mice and human PDAC cell lines. PRLR-SF inhibits the proliferation of PDAC cells (AsPC-1 and BxPC-3) in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. We showed that PRLR-SF reduces the expression of genes in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and nucleotide biosynthesis by activating Hippo signaling. TEAD1, a downstream transcription factor of Hippo signaling, directly regulates the expression of G6PD and TKT, which are PPP rate-limiting enzymes. Moreover, NEK9 directly interacts with PRLR-SF and is the intermediator between PRLR and the Hippo pathway. The PRLR expression level is negatively correlated with overall survival and TNM stage in PDAC patients. Additionally, pregnancy and lactation increase the ratio of PRLR-SF:PRLR-LF in the pancreas of wild-type mice and subcutaneous PDAC xenograft tumors. Conclusion: Our characterization of the relationship between PRLR-SF signaling, the NEK9-Hippo pathway, PPP and nucleotide synthesis explains a mechanism for the correlation between PRLR-SF and metabolic reprogramming in PDAC progression. Strategies to alter this pathway might be developed for the treatment or prevention of pancreatic cancer.
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| 23. |
- Qian, Li-Bing, et al.
(författare)
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Transmission of electrons through the conical glass capillary with the grounded conducting outer surface
- 2017
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Ingår i: Wuli xuebao. - : Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. - 1000-3290. ; 66:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The transmission of 1.5 keV-electrons through a conical glass capillary is reported. This study aims to understand the so-called guiding effect for the negatively charged particles (e.g. electrons). The guiding mechanism is understood quite well with positively charged particles in particular highly charged ions, but not clear with electrons, i. e., even the basic scheme mediated by the existence of negative charge patches to guide the electrons is still somewhat controversial.. The study of the charging-up dynamics causing the electrons transport inside the capillary will shed light on this issue. In order to perform this, a data acquisition system has been setup to follow the time evolution of the two-dimensional angular distribution of the transmitted electrons. The electrons are detected by the multi-channel plate (MCP) detector with a phosphor screen. The image from the phosphor screen is recorded by a charge-coupled device camera. The timing signals for the detected events are extracted from the back stack of the MCP detector and recorded by the data acquisition system, synchronized with the acquired images. The electron beam has a size of 0.5 mm x 0.5 mm and a divergence of less than 0.35.. The inner diameter of the straight part of the capillary is 1.2 mm and the exit diameter is 225 mu m. A small conducting aperture of 0.3 mm in diameter is placed at the entrance of the capillary. Two-dimensional angular distribution of the transmitted electrons through conical glass capillary and its time evolution are measured. The results show that the transmission rate decreases and reaches to a constant value for the completely discharged glass capillary with time going by. The centroid of the angular distribution moves to an asymptotic value while the width remains unchanged. These transmission characteristics are different from those indicated in our previous work (2016 Acta Phys: Si n: 65 204103). The difference originates from the different manipulations of the capillary outer surface. A conducting layer is coated on the outer surface of the capillary and grounded in this work. This isolates various discharge/charge channels and forms a new stable discharge channel. The transmission rate as a function of the tilt angle shows that the allowed transmission occurs at the tilt angle limited by the geometrical factors, i. e., the geometrical opening angle given by the aspect ratio as well as the beam divergence. The transmission characteristics suggest that most likely there are formed no negative patches to facilitate the electron transmission through the glass capillary at this selected beam energy. It is different from that of highly charged ions, where the formation of the charge patches prohibits the close collisions between the following ions and guides them out of the capillary.
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| 24. |
- Qu, Chang, et al.
(författare)
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Functional significance of asymmetrical retention of parental alleles in a hybrid pine species complex
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Systematics and Evolution. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1674-4918 .- 1759-6831. ; 62:1, s. 135-148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hybrid genomes usually harbor asymmetrical parental contributions. However, it is challenging to infer the functional significance of asymmetrical retention of parental alleles in hybrid populations of conifer trees. Here we investigated the diversity in the glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene family in a hybrid pine Pinus densata and its parents (Pinus tabuliformis and Pinus yunnanensis). Plant GSTs play major roles in protecting plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, 19 orthologous groups of GST genes were identified and cloned from these three species. We examined their expression in different tissues, and then purified the corresponding proteins to characterize their enzymatic activities and specificities toward different substrates. We found that among the 19 GST orthologous groups, divergence in gene expression and in enzymatic activities toward different substrates was prevalent. P. densata preferentially retained P. yunnanensis-like GSTs for 17 out of the 19 gene loci. We determined the first GST crystal structure from conifer species at a resolution of 2.19 Å. Based on this structure, we performed site-directed mutagenesis to replace amino acid residuals in different wild-types of GSTs to understand their functional impacts. Reciprocal replacement of amino acid residuals in native GSTs of P. densata and P. tabuliformis demonstrated significant changes in enzyme functions and identified key sites controlling GSTs activities. This study illustrates an approach to evaluating the functional significance of sequence variations in conifer genomes. Our study also sheds light on plausible mechanisms for controlling the selective retention of parental alleles in the P. densata genome.
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| 25. |
- Salinas, Borja Cirera, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis of Extended Graphdiyne Wires by Vicinal Surface Templating
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nano letters (Print). - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6984 .- 1530-6992. ; 14:4, s. 1891-1897
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surface-assisted covalent synthesis currently evolves into an important approach for the fabrication of functional nanostructures at interfaces. Here, we employ scanning tunneling microscopy to investigate the homo-coupling reaction of linear, terminal alkyne-functionalized polyphenylene building-blocks on noble metal surfaces under ultra-high vacuum. On the flat Ag(111) surface thermal activation triggers a variety of side-reactions resulting in irregularly-branched polymeric networks. Upon alignment along the step-edges of the Ag(877) vicinal surface drastically improves the chemoselectivity of the linking process permitting the controlled synthesis of extended-graphdiyne wires with lengths reaching 30 nm. The ideal hydrocarbon scaffold is characterized by density functional theory as a 1D, direct band gap semiconductor material with both HOMO and LUMO-derived bands promisingly isolated within the electronic structure. The templating approach should be applicable to related organic precursors and different reaction schemes thus bears general promise for the engineering of novel low-dimensional carbon-based materials.
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| 26. |
- Shao, Wen-Ze, et al.
(författare)
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Motion Deblurring Using Non-stationary Image Modeling
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0924-9907 .- 1573-7683. ; 52:2, s. 234-248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is well-known that shaken cameras or mobile phones during exposure usually lead to motion blurry photographs. Therefore, camera shake deblurring or motion deblurring is required and requested in many practical scenarios. The contribution of this paper is the proposal of a simple yet effective approach for motion blur kernel estimation, i.e., blind motion deblurring. Though there have been proposed severalmethods formotion blur kernel estimation in the literature, we impose a type of non-stationary Gaussian prior on the gradient fields of sharp images, in order to automatically detect and purse the salient edges of images as the important clues to blur kernel estimation. On one hand, the prior is able to promote sparsity inherited in the non-stationarity of the precision parameters (inverse of variances). On the other hand, since the prior is in a Gaussian form, there exists a great possibility of deducing a conceptually simple and computationally tractable inference scheme. Specifically, the well-known expectation-maximization algorithm is used to alternatingly estimate the motion blur kernels, the salient edges of images as well as the precision parameters in the image prior. In difference from many existing methods, no hyperpriors are imposed on any parameters in this paper; there are not any pre-processing steps involved in the proposed method, either, such as explicit suppression of random noise or prediction of salient edge structures. With estimated motion blur kernels, the deblurred images are finally generated using an off-the-shelf non-blind deconvolution method proposed by Krishnan and Fergus (Adv Neural Inf Process Syst 22:1033-1041, 2009). The rationality and effectiveness of our proposed method have been well demonstrated by the experimental results on both synthetic and realistic motion blurry images, showing state-of-the-art blind motion deblurring performance of the proposed approach in the term of quantitative metric as well as visual perception.
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| 27. |
- Shao, Wen-Ze, et al.
(författare)
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Nonparametric Blind Super-Resolution Using Adaptive Heavy-Tailed Priors
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision. - : Springer. - 0924-9907 .- 1573-7683. ; 61:6, s. 885-917
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Single-image nonparametric blind super-resolution is a fundamental image restoration problem yet largely ignored in the past decades among the computational photography and computer vision communities. An interesting phenomenon is observed that learning-based single-image super-resolution (SR) has been experiencing a rapid development since the boom of the sparse representation in 2005s and especially the representation learning in 2010s, wherein the high-res image is generally blurred by a supposed bicubic or Gaussian blur kernel. However, the parametric assumption on the form of blur kernels does not hold in most practical applications because in real low-res imaging a high-res image can undergo complex blur processes, e.g., Gaussian-shaped kernels of varying sizes, ellipse-shaped kernels of varying orientations, curvilinear kernels of varying trajectories. The paper is mainly motivated by one of our previous works: Shao and Elad (in: Zhang (ed) ICIG 2015, Part III, Lecture notes in computer science, Springer, Cham, 2015). Specifically, we take one step further in this paper and present a type of adaptive heavy-tailed image priors, which result in a new regularized formulation for nonparametric blind super-resolution. The new image priors can be expressed and understood as a generalized integration of the normalized sparsity measure and relative total variation. Although it seems that the proposed priors are simple, the core merit of the priors is their practical capability for the challenging task of nonparametric blur kernel estimation for both super-resolution and deblurring. Harnessing the priors, a higher-quality intermediate high-res image becomes possible and therefore more accurate blur kernel estimation can be accomplished. A great many experiments are performed on both synthetic and real-world blurred low-res images, demonstrating the comparative or even superior performance of the proposed algorithm convincingly. Meanwhile, the proposed priors are demonstrated quite applicable to blind image deblurring which is a degenerated problem of nonparametric blind SR.
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| 28. |
- Shi, Yan-Yan, et al.
(författare)
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Crystalline Self-Assembly of a Bowl-Like Cyclotriguaiacylene Derivative with Alcohol/Phenols by Hydrogen Bonding and C-H center dot center dot center dot pi Interactions : The Self-Inclusion Extended Organic Frameworks
- 2010
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Ingår i: Crystal Growth & Design. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1528-7483 .- 1528-7505. ; 10:1, s. 314-320
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bowl-like tris-[(N-methyl-2-imidazoyl)]methoxy]cyclotriguaiacyclene (TMIM-CTG) (1) was synthesized and cocrystallized with ethanol, resorcinol, and phloroglucinol to afford three molecular complexes (TMIM-CTG)-(ethanol)(3) (2), (TMIM-CTG)-(resorcinol)-(CH3CN)(2) (3), and (TMIM-CTG)-(phloroglucinol)center dot(CH3CN)(2) (4), whose Structures have been determined by X-ray single crystal analysis. Except for the hydrogen bonds between imidazole of 1 and the hydroxyl group of alcohol/phenols (O-H center dot center dot center dot N), all crystals contain self-inclusion motifs with cooperative C-H center dot center dot center dot pi, interactions which can be considered as the secondary way to extend the primary hydrogen-bonded networks to (lie frameworks with higher levels. In complex 2. two adjacent TMIM-CTGs form a self-clasping dimer by an edge-to-face C-H center dot center dot center dot pi interaction between the imidazole ring and the benzene ring of CTG, which is further extended to a one-dimensional chain by the pi-pi. interactions between adjacent imidazole rings. The ethanol molecules interact with TMIM-CTGs by hydrogen bonding and fill channels within these chains. In complex 3, the self-assembly of TMIG-CTG and resorcinol Molecules by hydrogen bonding affords the Zigzag chain, which is then extended to the (4.4) sheet by the self-inclusion between TMIG-CTGs. Complex 4 contains a two-dimensional 4.8(2) hydrogen-bonding network betweenTMIG-CTG and phloroglucinol molecules, and the self-inclusion Of TMIG-CTGs extends it to,I novel three-dimensional supramolecular framework. The acetonitrile molecules in two latter Crystals arc included within the extended organic framework.
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| 29. |
- Sun, Xiao-dong, et al.
(författare)
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Implementing a novel capture and ligation probe-PCR method in mass screen and treatment to support malaria elimination efforts in the China-Myanmar border region
- 2023
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Ingår i: Malaria Journal. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1475-2875. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundMass screening and treatment (MSAT) for malaria elimination lacks an ideal diagnostic tool to allow sensitive and affordable test of the target population in the field. This study evaluated whether Capture and Ligation Probe-PCR (CLIP-PCR) could be used in a field MSAT in Laiza City, Myanmar.MethodsOn day 0, two dried blood spots were collected from each participant. On day 1, all samples were screened for Plasmodium in a 20 m(2) laboratory with workbench, a biosafety cabinet, a refrigerator, a benchtop shaking incubator and a qPCR machine, by four technicians using CLIP-PCR with sample pooling, at a health clinic of the Chinese bordering town of Nabang. On day 2, all positives were followed up and treated.ResultsOf 15,038 persons (65% of the total population) screened, 204 (1.36%) were CLIP-PCR positives. Among them, 188, 14, and 2 were infected with Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium falciparum, and P. vivax/P. falciparum mix, respectively. The testing capacity was 538 persons/day, with a cost of US$0.92 /person. The proportion of submicroscopic infection was 64.7%. All positive individuals received treatment within 72 h after blood collection.ConclusionUsing CLIP-PCR in MSAT in low transmission settings can support the malaria elimination efforts in the China-Myanmar border region.
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| 30. |
- Wang, Yu-Cheng, et al.
(författare)
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Porous Carbon Membrane-Supported Atomically Dispersed Pyrrole-Type Fe-N-4 as Active Sites for Electrochemical Hydrazine Oxidation Reaction
- 2020
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Ingår i: Small. - : Wiley. - 1613-6810 .- 1613-6829. ; 16:31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rational design of catalytically active sites in porous materials is essential in electrocatalysis. Herein, atomically dispersed Fe-N-x sites supported by hierarchically porous carbon membranes are designed to electrocatalyze the hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR), one of the key techniques in electrochemical nitrogen transformation. The high intrinsic catalytic activity of the Fe-N-x single-atom catalyst together with the uniquely mixed micro-/macroporous membrane support positions such an electrode among the best-known heteroatom-based carbon anodes for hydrazine fuel cells. Combined with advanced characterization techniques, electrochemical probe experiments, and density functional theory calculation, the pyrrole-type Fe-N-4 structure is identified as the real catalytic site in HzOR.
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| 31. |
- Winestrand, Sandra, et al.
(författare)
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Oxalate decarboxylase of Trametes versicolor : biochemical characterization and performance in bleaching filtrates from the pulp and paper industry
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (1986). - : Wiley. - 0268-2575 .- 1097-4660. ; 87:11, s. 1600-1606
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Oxalate decarboxylase (ODC) from acid-induced cultures of the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor was purified and characterized with respect to its biochemical properties and the possibility to utilize the enzyme for treatment of process water with the intention to prevent problems with calcium-oxalate scaling in the pulp and paper industry. RESULTS: Purified T. versicolor ODC was identified by tandem mass spectrometry. As estimated by using SDS-PAGE, the molecular mass was 69 kDa, and 60 kDa after deglycosylation with N-glycosidase F. The pH optimum was 2.5 and the temperature optimum was 4045 degrees C. The effects of ten potential inhibitors in industrial filtrates were examined. The enzyme was sensitive to low concentrations (0.1 mmol L-1) of chlorite and sulfite. T. versicolor ODC exhibited activity in 16 filtrates collected from mechanical pulping and kraft pulping. It had higher activity than ODC from Aspergillus niger in all of the filtrates and higher activity than oxalate oxidase from barley in all filtrates except two. CONCLUSIONS: The investigation shows basic biochemical properties of T. versicolor ODC and indicates that the enzyme may be useful for treatment of industrial filtrates under acidic conditions. Copyright (c) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
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| 32. |
- Yang, Shun, et al.
(författare)
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Reversibly modulating a conformation-adaptive fluorophore in [2]catenane
- 2021
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Ingår i: Chem. - : Elsevier BV. - 2451-9308 .- 2451-9294. ; 7:6, s. 1544-1556
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tuning molecular emission by chemicalmeans has long been a fundamental topic, because the emerging methodologies and mechanisms of this topic usually bring a lot of opportunities in many multi-disciplinary applications. Here, we demonstrate the reversible switching of a conformation-adaptive fluorophore, 9,14-diphenyl-9,14-dihydrodibenzo[ a,c]phenazine (DPAC), by incorporating this fluorescent unit into a mechanically interlocked [2]catenane. Taking advantage of the mechanical bond of [2]catenane, the conformational freedom of the DPAC-macrocycle can be modulated by the co-conformational state of the [2]catenane, thus enabling the reversible switching of the fluorescent properties of DPAC. Owing to the mechanically interlocked structure, this fluorescent molecular system can be switched in a dual-mode (wavelength or intensity), visually recognizable, and highly reversible manner. This work provides a distinctmechanism of switchingmolecular emission by modulating conformation-adaptive fluorescent systems in mechanically interlocked structures.
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| 33. |
- Yang, Zhi-Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Stable subspace dimension reduced MUSIC for blade tip timing
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Sound and Vibration. - : Elsevier. - 0022-460X .- 1095-8568. ; 545
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple signal classification (MUSIC) is a parameter extraction method for blade tip timing to suppress the under-sampled problem. Its faster version, subspace dimension reduced MUSIC (SDR-MUSIC), has been proposed, which uses a single noise vector instead of the whole noise subspace to reduce computational complexity. However, the principle of random noise vector selection leads to instability in frequency identification. Therefore, we replace the random vector with the min-norm vector to obtain a stable SDR-MUSIC (SSDR-MUSIC). The superiority of the min-norm vector can be mathematically proven by the location of the zeros of the polynomial. Simulated and experimental tests indicate that SSDR-MUSIC gains stability when the min-norm vector is used while maintaining computational efficiency.
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| 34. |
- Yu, Jin-Tao, et al.
(författare)
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A novel 1D independent metal-organic nanotube based on cyclotriveratrylene ligand
- 2012
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Ingår i: CrystEngComm. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1466-8033. ; 14:1, s. 112-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel nanotubular metal-organic framework [Cu3L2(EtOH)(Py)(2)(H2O)(2)]center dot 9DEF center dot 8H(2)O (CTV-Cu) was prepared by assembly of the rigid, trigonal pyramidal ligand tri-(4-carboxy-phenyl)-trimethoxycyclobenzylene (H3L) and Cu(NO3)(2)center dot 3H(2)O via solvothermal reaction. The Cu(II) ions in the crystal serve as square and linear molecular building blocks, thus forming a framework with ternary topology. One single open-ended nanotube contains two identical orthogonally interpenetrated two-nodal nets. This framework exhibits permanent microporosity and relatively high surface area.
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| 35. |
- Yu, Jin-Tao, et al.
(författare)
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Cyclotricatechylene based porous crystalline material : Synthesis and applications in gas storage
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 0959-9428 .- 1364-5501. ; 22:12, s. 5369-5373
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An undulated two-dimensional CTC-based covalent organic framework, CTC-COF, was synthesized through solvothermal reaction for the first time. This mesoporous material stacks in an eclipsed mode in the microcrystalline state. CTC-COF has a surface area of 1710 m(2) g(-1), with a pore width of 2.26 nm calculated by the NL-DFT modelling. The bowl-shaped core unit led to a larger surface area than its analogue, COF-5 constructed by planar subunits. This material has higher low pressure hydrogen uptake than other 2D COFs with similar structures, and even close to the 3D COF materials.
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| 36. |
- Yu, Zheng-Bao, et al.
(författare)
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One dimensional infinite water wires incorporated in isostructural organic crystalline supermolecules with zwitterionic channels
- 2011
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Ingår i: CrystEngComm. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1466-8033. ; 13:5, s. 1287-1290
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three isostructures [C(16)H(8)O(4)center dot 2(CH(6)N(3))center dot 4(H(2)O)] (1), [C(16)H(10)O(4)center dot 2(CH(6)N(3))center dot 4(H(2)O)] (2) and [C(14)H(8)N(2)O(4)center dot 2(CH(6)N(3))center dot 4(H(2)O)] (3) were prepared by the complexation of guanidinium with 4,4'-(ethyne-1,2-diyl)dibenzoic acid, 4,4'-(ethene-1,2-diyl)dibenzoic acid and 4,4'-(diazene-1,2-diyl)dibenzoic acid, respectively. The strong charge-assisted (+)N-H center dot center dot center dot O(-) hydrogen bonds cause the assembly of guanidinium and these different acids following almost the same procedure. The hydrogen-bonded water wire is incorporated in zwitterionic channels of organic salts.
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| 37. |
- Zhang, Lin, et al.
(författare)
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Ultradeep Removal of Moisture in Gases to Parts-per-Billion Levels : The Exploration of Adsorbents
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 122:5, s. 2840-2847
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Owing to the rigid standards of manufacturing semiconductor components, decrease of the moisture to parts-per-billion (ppb), at a global level, is always vital but extremely nerve-racking in the production of high-purity gases. Herein, typical adsorbents including oxides (SiO2 and gamma-Al2O3), zeolites (4A and NaX), and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs; HKUST-1, UiO-66, and ZIF-8) are investigated with respect to the abilities of ultradeep dewatering from N-2. Compared with other adsorbents, NaX performs much better on both dewatering efficiency (DE, from 2750 to 66 ppb) and the adsorption capacity (AC, 1.55 x 10(4) L N-2.g(-1)). Moreover, it is for the first time experimentally and theoretically proved that the dewatering ability of X zeolite mainly depends on its cation species (Na+, Li+, K+, Cs+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, or Ba2+), the forces between the zeolite and H2O, and the number of H2O molecules per cell of the zeolite. CaX thus shows a fascinating DE from 2750 to 33 ppb, a huge AC of 9.08 x 10(4) L N-2.g(-1), and an ideal reusability, compared with results of the scarce contributions reported to date.
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| 38. |
- Zhang, Ming, et al.
(författare)
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Tethered Small-Molecule Acceptor Refines Hierarchical Morphology in Ternary Polymer Solar Cells: Enhanced Stability and 19% Efficiency
- 2023
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polymer solar cells (PSCs) are promising for efficient solar energy conversion, but achieving high efficiency and device longevity within a bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) structure remains a challenge. Traditional small-molecule acceptors (SMAs) in the BHJ blend show thermodynamic instability affecting the morphology. In contrast, tethered SMAs exhibit higher glass transition temperatures, mitigating these concerns. Yet, they might not integrate well with polymer donors, causing pronounced phase separation and overpurification of mixed domains. Herein, a novel ternary device is introduced that uses DY-P2EH, a tethered dimeric SMA with conjugated side-chains as host acceptor, and BTP-ec9, a monomeric SMA as secondary acceptor, which respectively possess hypomiscibility and hypermiscibility with the polymer donor PM6. This unique combination affords a parallel-connected ternary BHJ blend, leading to a hierarchical and stable morphology. The ternary device achieves a remarkable fill factor of 80.61% and an impressive power conversion efficiency of 19.09%. Furthermore, the ternary device exhibits exceptional stability, retaining over 85% of its initial efficiency even after enduring 1100 h of thermal stress at 85 degrees C. These findings highlight the potential advantage of tethered SMAs in the design of ternary devices with a refined hierarchical structure for more efficient and durable solar energy conversion technologies. A ternary-device design is proposed that fully utilizes the individual thermodynamic properties of both dimeric acceptor and monomeric acceptor. The high Tg value of dimeric acceptor significantly impedes the molecular movement of monomeric acceptor, while hypermiscible properties of monomeric acceptor promote percolation of the mixed domain for enhancing charge dynamics.image
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| 39. |
- Zhao, Zeng-Ren, et al.
(författare)
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Nup88 mRNA overexpression in colorectal cancers and relationship with p53
- 2010
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Ingår i: CANCER BIOMARKERS. - : IOS Press. - 1574-0153. ; 8:2, s. 73-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: We measured nucleoporin 88 (Nup88) mRNA expression in primary colorectal cancers to investigate its relationship with clinicopathological features and p53. Methods: The primary cancer tissues, adjacent noncancerous tissues and the proximal and distant margins of normal mucosa were collected from 73 colorectal cancer patients during surgery. Nup88 mRNA expression was measured on these fresh specimens and on colon cell lines HCT-116 (P53+/+) and HCT-116 (P53-/-) by RT-PCR while p53 mRNA and beta-actin as controls. Nup88 and p53 protein expression were then immunohistochemistrically examined in other 25 colorectal cancers specimens paraffin embedded and formalin fixed. Results: Nup88 expression was higher in primary cancer tissues than in adjacent noncancerous tissues, and in the proximal and distant margins of normal mucosa. Overexpression of Nup88 mRNA was statistically associated with TNM stage (P = 0.044), lymphatic metastasis (P = 0.022), and cancer location (P = 0.036), while not related to gender, age of patients and histological type, infiltration depth, and differentiation of cancers. The expression of Nup88 mRNA in the HCT-116 (P53-/-) cell line was not significantly different from expression in the HCT-116 (P53+/+) cell line. And there was no correlation between Nup88 and p53 protein expression (r = 0.632, P = 0.368). Conclusions: Nup88 mRNA was overexpressed in colorectal cancers and the overexpression was associated with cancer development and aggressiveness. Nup88 might be regard as essential contributor to nodal metastagenicity of colorectal cancer.
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| 40. |
- Zhao, Zeng-Ren, et al.
(författare)
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Significance of mRNA and Protein Expression of MAC30 in Progression of Colorectal Cancer
- 2011
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Ingår i: Chemotherapy. - Basel : Karger AG. - 0009-3157 .- 1421-9794. ; 57:5, s. 394-401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Meningioma-associated protein (MAC30), first described to be overexpressed in meningiomas, exhibits altered expression in certain human tumors. The aim of our study was to investigate the expression of MAC30 mRNA and its correlation with clinicopathological variables in human colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: MAC30 mRNA expression was first examined in 55 CRCs, along with the samples from the matched distant normal and adjacent noncancerous tissue by RT-PCR, further verified in 18 CRCs by quantitative RT-PCR. MAC30 protein expression was detected by Western blot in 10 CRCs, and DNA sequencing was performed in 1 case of the paired CRC and the matched noncancerous specimen. MAC30 mRNA expression in two colon cancer cell lines, HCT-116(p53-/-) and HCT-116(p53+/+), was detected by quantitative RT-PCR. Results: The mRNA expression of MAC30 was increased in CRC when compared with distant normal (p < 0.01) and adjacent noncancerous mucosa (p < 0.01). The mean value of MAC30 mRNA expression in the tumor located in the colon was higher than in the rectum (0.677 +/- 0.419 vs. 0.412 +/- 0.162, p = 0.005). As the tumor penetrated the wall of the colon/rectum, MAC30 mRNA expression notably increased in tumors with T3+T4 stage compared to tumors with T1+T2 stage (0.571 +/- 0.364 vs. 0.404 +/- 0.115, p = 0.014). MAC30 protein expression in CRCs was also remarkably elevated compared to the adjacent noncancerous mucosa. There was no mutation in the coding region of the MAC30 gene either in CRC or in the noncancerous mucosa. mRNA expression of p53 was notably decreased in HCT-116(p53-/-) compared to HCT-116(p53+/+), while MAC30 did not vary greatly. Conclusion: The overexpression of MAC30 might be involved in the development and aggressiveness of CRCs, especially in the colon.
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- Zhou, Kai-Xia, et al.
(författare)
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Increased Nuclear Transporter KPNA2 Contributes to Tumor Immune Evasion by Enhancing PD-L1 Expression in PDAC
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Immunology Research. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2314-7156 .- 2314-8861. ; 2021, s. 6694392-6694392
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest malignancies and is known for its high resistance and low response to treatment. Tumor immune evasion is a major stumbling block in designing effective anticancer therapeutic strategies. Karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2), a member of the nuclear transporter family, is elevated in multiple human cancers and accelerates carcinogenesis. However, the specific role of KPNA2 in PDAC remains unclear. In this study, we found that expression of KPNA2 was significantly upregulated in PDAC compared to adjacent nontumor tissue and its high expression was correlated with poor survival outcome by analyzing the GEO datasets. Similar KPNA2 expression pattern was also found in both human patient samples and KPC mouse models through IHC staining. Although KPNA2 knockdown failed to impair the vitality and migration ability of PDAC cells in vitro, the in vivo tumor growth was significantly impeded and the expression of immune checkpoint ligand PD-L1 was reduced by silencing KPNA2. Furthermore, we uncovered that KPNA2 modulated the expression of PD-L1 by mediating nuclear translocation of STAT3. Collectively, our data suggested that KPNA2 has the potential to serve as a promising biomarker for diagnosis in PDAC.
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