| 1. |
- Delrez, Laetitia, et al.
(författare)
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Transit detection of the long-period volatile-rich super-Earth nu(2) Lupi d with CHEOPS
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Astronomy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2397-3366. ; :5, s. 775-787
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exoplanets transiting bright nearby stars are key objects for advancing our knowledge of planetary formation and evolution. The wealth of photons from the host star gives detailed access to the atmospheric, interior and orbital properties of the planetary companions. nu(2) Lupi (HD 136352) is a naked-eye (V = 5.78) Sun-like star that was discovered to host three low-mass planets with orbital periods of 11.6, 27.6 and 107.6 d via radial-velocity monitoring(1). The two inner planets (b and c) were recently found to transit(2), prompting a photometric follow-up by the brand new Characterising Exoplanets Satellite (CHEOPS). Here, we report that the outer planet d is also transiting, and measure its radius and mass to be 2.56 +/- 0.09 R-circle plus and 8.82 +/- 0.94 M-circle plus, respectively. With its bright Sun-like star, long period and mild irradiation (similar to 5.7 times the irradiation of Earth), nu(2) Lupi d unlocks a completely new region in the parameter space of exoplanets amenable to detailed characterization. We refine the properties of all three planets: planet b probably has a rocky mostly dry composition, while planets c and d seem to have retained small hydrogen-helium envelopes and a possibly large water fraction. This diversity of planetary compositions makes the nu(2) Lupi system an excellent laboratory for testing formation and evolution models of low-mass planets.
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| 2. |
- Djalali, Ahmadreza, et al.
(författare)
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Identifying deficiencies in national and foreign medical team responses through expert opinion surveys: implications for education and training.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Prehospital and disaster medicine. - 1049-023X. ; 29:4, s. 364-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unacceptable practices in the delivery of international medical assistance are reported after every major international disaster; this raises concerns about the clinical competence and practice of some foreign medical teams (FMTs). The aim of this study is to explore and analyze the opinions of disaster management experts about potential deficiencies in the art and science of national and FMTs during disasters and the impact these opinions might have on competency-based education and training.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Gonzalez, Jose, et al.
(författare)
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Elicitation, analysis and mitigation of systemic pandemic risks
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 18th ISCRAM Conference. - 9781949373615 ; , s. 581-596
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Covid-19 pandemic has disrupted the health care system and affected all sectors of society, including criticalinfrastructures. In turn, the impact on society’s infrastructures has impacted back on the health care sector. Theseinteractions have created a system of associated risks and outcomes, where the outcomes of risks are risksthemselves and where the resulting consequences are complex vicious cycles. Traditional risks assessmentmethods cannot cope with interdependent risks.This paper describes a novel risk systemicity approach to elicit and mitigate the systemic risks of a majorpandemic. The approach employed the internet-based software strategyfinder™ in workshops to elicit relevantrisk information from sixteen appropriately selected experts from the health care sector and major sectors impactedby and impacting back on the health care sector. The risk information was processed with powerful analyticaltools of strategyfinder to allow the experts to prioritise portfolios of strategies attacking the vicious cycles.
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| 5. |
- Herrgård, Moa M., et al.
(författare)
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Building resilience by professionalization of healthcare workers through technological innovations
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-4209. ; 22, s. 246-248
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disaster medicine remains an underdeveloped specialty field requiring significant focus [6,12]. This paper recommends that professionalization of this specialty is a global health priority, benchmarking it according to emerging global health standards. This paper emphasis the importance of technological innovations and increased access to the internet, to ensure enhanced learning and a greater reach of essential information. Education and training initiatives in disaster medicine are emerging with greater frequency leading to a call for unified standards of practice and policy necessary to build the capacity of future health worker and other to be effective responders to humanitarian and disaster crises. These initiatives will contribute to increased resilience, and more robust and sustainable development at the community level contributing greatly to disaster risk reduction and management.
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| 6. |
- Ripoll Gallardo, Alba, et al.
(författare)
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Core Competencies in Disaster Management and Humanitarian Assistance: A Systematic Review.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Disaster medicine and public health preparedness. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1938-744X .- 1935-7893. ; 9:4, s. 430-439
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disaster response demands a large workforce covering diverse professional sectors. Throughout this article, we illustrate the results of a systematic review of peer-reviewed studies to identify existing competency sets for disaster management and humanitarian assistance that would serve as guidance for the development of a common disaster curriculum. A systematic review of English-language articles was performed on PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, ERIC, and Cochrane Library. Studies were included if reporting competency domains, abilities, knowledge, skills, or attitudes for professionals involved disaster relief or humanitarian assistance. Exclusion criteria included abstracts, citations, case studies, and studies not dealing with disasters or humanitarian assistance. Thirty-eight papers were analyzed. Target audience was defined in all articles. Five references (13%) reported cross-sectorial competencies. Most of the articles (81.6%) were specific to health care. Eighteen (47%) papers included competencies for at least 2 different disciplines and 18 (47%) for different professional groups. Nursing was the most widely represented cadre. Eighteen papers (47%) defined competency domains and 36 (94%) reported list of competencies. Nineteen articles (50%) adopted consensus-building to define competencies, and 12 (31%) included competencies adapted to different professional responsibility levels. This systematic review revealed that the largest number of papers were mainly focused on the health care sector and presented a lack of agreement on the terminology used for competency-based definition. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;0:1-10).
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| 7. |
- Robinson, Yohan, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Teaching extent and military service improve undergraduate self-assessed knowledge in disaster medicine: An online survey study among Swedish medical and nursing students.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers In Public Health. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-2565. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to identify the possible needs for undergraduate disaster medicine education in Sweden and to make informed recommendations for the implementation of disaster medicine content in medical and nursing schools in Sweden.An online survey was distributed to undergraduate medical and nursing students through the directors of all medical and nursing programs at Swedish universities. The survey contained demographic questions, as well as questions about the amount of disaster medical education and previous experience with rescue, police, or military services. The final survey page contained self-assessments of disaster medical knowledge. Comparative statistics were applied between nursing and medical students, those with previous military service, and those without, as well as between universities.A total of 500 medical and 408 nursing students participated in this study. A median of 2h of disaster medicine education was provided to senior medical students and 4h was provided to senior nursing students. Senior medical students scored their disaster medical knowledge lower than nursing students (t-test, p<0.001). A proportion of 1% had served in rescue services or police, and 7% of the participants had a history of military service, of which 67% served in a medical role. Those who had served in rescue services, police, or the armed forces had a higher self-assessed disaster medical knowledge base than those who had not (p<0.007 and p<0.001, respectively).Most medical and nursing students in this study rated their disaster medical knowledge as insufficient. The correlation between the amount of disaster medical education and self-assessed disaster medical knowledge should influence and help direct Swedish educational policies.
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| 8. |
- Truppa, Claudia, et al.
(författare)
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Health systems resilience in fragile and conflict-affected settings : a systematic scoping review
- 2024
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Ingår i: Conflict and Health. - 1752-1505. ; 18, s. 1-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Health systems resilience (HSR) research is a rapidly expanding field, in which key concepts are discussed and theoretical frameworks are emerging with vibrant debate. Fragile and conflict-affected settings (FCAS) are contexts exposed to compounding stressors, for which resilience is an important characteristic. However, only limited evidence has been generated in such settings. We conducted a scoping review to: (a) identify the conceptual frameworks of HSR used in the analysis of shocks and stressors in FCAS; (b) describe the representation of different actors involved in health care governance and service provision in these settings; and (c) identify health systems operations as they relate to absorption, adaptation, and transformation in FCAS.METHODS: We used standard, extensive search methods. The search captured studies published between 2006 and January 2022. We included all peer reviewed and grey literature that adopted a HSR lens in the analysis of health responses to crises. Thematic analysis using both inductive and deductive approaches was conducted, adopting frameworks related to resilience characteristics identified by Kruk et al., and the resilience capacities described by Blanchet et al. RESULTS: Thirty-seven studies met our inclusion criteria. The governance-centred, capacity-oriented framework for HSR emerged as the most frequently used lens of analysis to describe the health responses to conflict and chronic violence specifically. Most studies focused on public health systems' resilience analysis, while the private health sector is only examined in complementarity with the former. Communities are minimally represented, despite their widely acknowledged role in supporting HSR. The documentation of operations enacting HSR in FCAS is focused on absorption and adaptation, while transformation is seldom described. Absorptive, adaptive, and transformative interventions are described across seven different domains: safety and security, society, health system governance, stocks and supplies, built environment, health care workforce, and health care services.CONCLUSIONS: Our review findings suggest that the governance-centred framework can be useful to better understand HSR in FCAS. Future HSR research should document adaptive and transformative strategies that advance HSR, particularly in relation to actions intended to promote the safety and security of health systems, the built environment for health, and the adoption of a social justice lens.
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