| 1. |
- Barzegaran, Mohammadreza, et al.
(författare)
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Towards quality-of-control-aware scheduling of industrial applications on fog computing platforms
- 2019
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Ingår i: IoT-Fog 2019 - Proceedings of the 2019 Workshop on Fog Computing and the IoT. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781450366984 ; , s. 1-5
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we address Industrial IoT control applications which are safety-critical and real-time, and which have very low latency and jitter requirements. These control applications are virtualized as software tasks running on a Fog Computing Platform that brings computing and deterministic communication closer to the edge of the network, where the industrial "things" are located. Due to the demanding dependability and timing requirements, we consider that the tasks are scheduled with a static-cyclic scheduling policy. We are interested to determine the mapping of the tasks and a schedule table of their activation, such that we maximize the quality-of-control for the control tasks and meet the timing requirements for all tasks, including non-critical real-time tasks. We have proposed a Simulated Annealing-based metaheuristic to solve this problem, and we have evaluated the solution on several test cases.
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| 2. |
- Iftikhar, Muhammad Usman, et al.
(författare)
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DeltaIoT : A Self-Adaptive Internet of Things Exemplar
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 2017 IEEE/ACM 12th International Symposium on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems, SEAMS 2017. - : IEEE. - 9781538615508 ; , s. 76-82
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Internet of Things (IoT) consists of networked tiny embedded computers (motes) that are capable of monitoring and controlling the physical world. Examples range from building security monitoring to smart factories. A central problem of IoT is minimising the energy consumption of the motes, while guaranteeing high packet delivery performance, regardless of uncertainties such as sudden changes in traffic load and communication interference. Traditionally, to deal with uncertainties the network settings are either hand-tuned or over-provisioned, resulting in continuous network maintenance or inefficiencies. Enhancing the IoT network with self-adaptation can automate these tasks. This paper presents DeltaIoT, an exemplar that enables researchers to evaluate and compare new methods, techniques and tools for self-adaptation in IoT. DeltaIoT is the first exemplar for research on self-adaptation that provides both a simulator for offline experimentation and a physical setup that can be accessed remotely for real-world experimentation. © 2017 IEEE.
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| 3. |
- Mandrioli, Claudio, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling of energy consumption in GPS receivers for power aware localization systems
- 2019
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Ingår i: ICCPS 2019 - Proceedings of the 2019 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781450362856 ; , s. 217-226
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper proposes a first-principle model of GPS receivers, that allows us to exploit the trade-off between battery consumption and positioning accuracy. We present the model and propose a GPS sampling strategy that uses both the current positioning confidence, and information about the GPS status. We complement the GPS sensor with internal measurement units and show how the given model exposes the battery-accuracy trade-off in the context of sensor fusion. We demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed sampling strategy using both simulation and real data.
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| 4. |
- van den Heuvel, Martijn, et al.
(författare)
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RTOS support for mixed time-triggered and event-triggered task sets
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 15th IEEE International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering, CSE 2012 and 10th IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing, EUC 2012. - 9780769549149 ; , s. 578-585
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many embedded systems have complex timing constraints and, at the same time, have flexibility requirements which prohibit offline planning of the entire system. To support a mixture of time-triggered and event-triggered tasks, some industrial systems deploy an RTOS with a table-driven dispatcher complemented with a preemptive scheduler to allocate the free time slots to event-driven tasks. Rather than allocating dedicated time-slots to time-triggered tasks, in this work we provide RTOS support to dynamically re-allocate time-slots of time triggered tasks within a pre-computed time range to maximize the available processing capacity for event-triggered tasks. Although the concept - called slotshifting - is not new, we are the first to extend a commercial RTOS with such support. In addition, we extend slot shifting with a run-time mechanism to reclaim resources of time-triggered tasks when their reserved capacities are unused. This mechanism eliminates over-provisioning of capacities to (event-triggered) tasks that have been converted to periodic tasks to resolve interdependencies during off-line synthesis, e.g. allowing for a resource-efficient implementation of a polling task. After implementing our unique RTOS extensions, we investigate the run-time overheads for the corresponding scheduling mechanisms. Measurements show that the increase in terms of absolute run-time overhead is minor compared to an off-the-shelf micro-kernel with a fixed-priority scheduler
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| 5. |
- van den Heuvel, Martijn, et al.
(författare)
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Towards RTOS support for mixed time-triggered and event-triggered task sets
- 2012
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Ingår i: IEEE Symposium on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, ETFA, 2012. - 9781467347372 ; , s. 1-4
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many embedded systems have complex timing constraints and, at the same time, have flexibility requirements which prohibit offline planning of the entire system. To support a mixture of time-triggered and event-triggered tasks, some industrial systems deploy a real-time operating system (RTOS) with a table-driven dispatcher complemented with a preemptive scheduler to allocate free time slots to event-driven tasks. Rather than allocating dedicated time-slots to time-triggered tasks, we propose to dynamically re-allocate time-slots of time-triggered tasks within a pre-computed time range to maximize the available processing capacity for event-triggered tasks. Although the concept - called slotshifting - is not new, we are unaware of a commercial RTOS with such support. After identifying the mechanisms for an RTOS implementation of slotshifting, we discuss the run-time overheads for admitting aperiodic requests into the system1.
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| 6. |
- Vreman, Nils, et al.
(författare)
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Multilayer distributed control over 5G networks : Challenges and security threats
- 2019
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Ingår i: IoT-Fog 2019 - Proceedings of the 2019 Workshop on Fog Computing and the IoT. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781450366984 ; , s. 31-35
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modern control algorithms are frequently implemented in a distributed and decentralized way. Multiple fog devices communicate using paradigms borrowed from the Internet-of-Things. These control infrastructures are vulnerable to security threats. This position paper describes these threats and sketches future research on how to mitigate the security concerns that a modern distributed control infrastructure poses.
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