| 1. |
- Rantakari, Krista, et al.
(författare)
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Early oxygen levels contribute to brain injury in extremely preterm infants
- 2021
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Ingår i: Pediatric Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0031-3998 .- 1530-0447. ; 90, s. 131-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND Extremely low gestational age newborns (ELGANs) are at risk of neurodevelopmental impairments that may originate in early NICU care. We hypothesized that early oxygen saturations (SpO(2)), arterial pO(2) levels, and supplemental oxygen (FiO(2)) would associate with later neuroanatomic changes.METHODS SpO(2), arterial blood gases, and FiO(2) from 73 ELGANs (GA 26.4 +/- 1.2; BW 867 +/- 179 g) during the first 3 postnatal days were correlated with later white matter injury (WM, MRI, n = 69), secondary cortical somatosensory processing in magnetoencephalography (MEG-SII, n = 39), Hempel neurological examination (n = 66), and developmental quotients of Griffiths Mental Developmental Scales (GMDS, n = 58).RESULTS The ELGANs with later WM abnormalities exhibited lower SpO(2) and pO(2) levels, and higher FiO(2) need during the first 3 days than those with normal WM. They also had higher pCO(2) values. The infants with abnormal MEG-SII showed opposite findings, i.e., displayed higher SpO(2) and pO(2) levels and lower FiO(2) need, than those with better outcomes. Severe WM changes and abnormal MEG-SII were correlated with adverse neurodevelopment.CONCLUSIONS Low oxygen levels and high FiO(2) need during the NICU care associate with WM abnormalities, whereas higher oxygen levels correlate with abnormal MEG-SII. The results may indicate certain brain structures being more vulnerable to hypoxia and others to hyperoxia, thus emphasizing the role of strict saturation targets. Impact This study indicates that both abnormally low and high oxygen levels during early NICU care are harmful for later neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm neonates. Specific brain structures seem to be vulnerable to low and others to high oxygen levels. The findings may have clinical implications as oxygen is one of the most common therapies given in NICUs. The results emphasize the role of strict saturation targets during the early postnatal period in preterm infants.
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| 2. |
- Reyaz, Shakila, et al.
(författare)
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A W-band RF-MEMS switched LNA in a 70 nm mHEMT process
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1096-4290 .- 1099-047X. ; 25:7, s. 639-646
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work presents a monolithic integrated reconfigurable active circuit consisting of a W-band RF micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) Dicke switch network and a wideband low-noise amplifier (LNA) realized in a 70 nm gallium arsenide (GaAs) metamorphic high electron mobility transistor process technology. The RF-MEMS LNA has a measured gain of 10.2-15.6 dB and 1.3-8.2 dB at 79-96 GHz when the Dicke switch is switched ON and OFF, respectively. Compared with the three-stage LNA used in this design the measured in-band noise figure (NF) of MEMS switched LNA is minimum 1.6 dB higher. To the authors' knowledge, the experimental results represent a first time demonstration of a W-band MEMS switched LNA monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) in a GaAs foundry process with a minimum NF of 5 dB. The proposed novel integration of such MEMS switched MMICs can enable more cost-effective ways to realize high-performance single-chip mm-wave reconfigurable radiometer front-ends for space and security applications, for example. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 25:639-646, 2015.
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| 3. |
- Reyaz, Shakila Bint, et al.
(författare)
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W-Band RF-MEMS Dicke Switch Networks In A GaAs MMIC Process
- 2013
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Ingår i: Microwave and optical technology letters (Print). - : Wiley. - 0895-2477 .- 1098-2760. ; 55:12, s. 2849-2853
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel design of a W-band RF-microelectro-mechanical-system (RF-MEMS) Dicke switch network realized in a GaAs monolithic microwave integrated circuit process is presented in this article (including a BenzoCycloButene cap type of 0-level package used as protection during wafer dicing). Such fabricated GaAs MEMS Dicke switch circuits show transmission losses of 1.3-1.7 dB (uncapped on-wafer), 1.6-2.0 dB (uncapped chips), and 1.8-2.7 dB (0-level packaged chips) at 70-96 GHz. Corresponding measured maximum values of switch isolation equal 23, 26, and 27 dB, respectively. To the authors' knowledge, these are the first reported uncapped and wafer-level packaged W-band low loss/DC power and high isolation/linearity RF-MEMS Dicke switch circuits made in a GaAs foundry process.
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| 4. |
- Talvi, Salli, et al.
(författare)
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Embigin deficiency leads to delayed embryonic lung development and high neonatal mortality in mice.
- 2024
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Ingår i: iScience. - 2589-0042. ; 27:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Embigin (Gp70), a receptor for fibronectin and an ancillary protein for monocarboxylate transporters, is known to regulate stem cell niches in sebaceous gland and bone marrow. Here, we show that embigin expression is at high level during early mouse embryogenesis and that embigin is essential for lung development. Markedly increased neonatal mortality of Emb-/- mice can be explained by the compromised lung maturation: in Emb-/- mice (E17.5) the number and the size of the small airways and distal airspace are significantly smaller, there are fewer ATI and ATII cells, and the alkaline phosphatase activity in amniotic fluid is lower. Emb-/- lungs show less peripheral branching already at E12.5, and embigin is highly expressed in lung primordium. Thus, embigin function is essential at early pseudoglandular stage or even earlier. Furthermore, our RNA-seq analysis and Ki67 staining results support the idea that the development of Emb-/- lungs is rather delayed than defected.
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