| 1. |
- Boffano, P., et al.
(författare)
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The epidemiology and management of ameloblastomas: A European multicenter study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1010-5182. ; 49:12, s. 1107-1112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study aimed at assessing the epidemiology including demographic variables, diagnostic features, and management of ameloblastomas at several European departments of maxillofacial and oral surgery. The following data were recorded for each patient: gender, age, voluptuary habits, comorbidities, site, size, radiographic features, type, histopathological features, kind of treatment, length of hospital stay, complications, recurrence, management and complications of the recurrence. A total of 244 patients, 134 males and 110 females with ameloblastomas were included in the study. Mean age was 47.4 years. In all, 81% of lesions were found in the mandible, whereas 19% were found in the maxilla. Mean size of included ameloblastomas was 38.9 mm. The most frequently performed treatment option was enucleation plus curettage/peripheral ostectomy in 94 ameloblastomas, followed by segmental resection (60 patients), simple enucleation (46 patients), and marginal resection (40 pa-tients). A recurrence (with a mean follow up of 5 years) was observed in 47 cases out of 244 ameloblastomas (19.3%). Segmental resection was associated with a low risk of recurrence (p = 0003), whereas enucleation plus curettage/peripheral ostectomy was associated with a high risk of recurrence (p = 0002). A multilocular radiographic appearance was associated with a high risk of recurrence (p < .05), as well as the benign solid/multicystic histologic type (p < .05). Within the limitations of the study it seems that the management of ameloblastomas will probably remain controversial even in the future. Balancing low surgical morbidity with a low recurrence rate is a difficult aim to reach. (c) 2021 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Mazzuca, Silvia, et al.
(författare)
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Establishing research strategies, methodologies and technologies to link genomics and proteomics to seagrass productivity, community metabolism, and ecosystem carbon fluxes
- 2013
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Plant Science. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-462X. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A complete understanding of the mechanistic basis of marine ecosystem functioning is only possible through integrative and interdisciplinary research. This enables the prediction of change and possibly the mitigation of the consequences of anthropogenic impacts. One major aim of the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action ES0609 Seagrasses productivity. From genes to ecosystem management, is the calibration and synthesis of various methods and the development of innovative techniques and protocols for studying seagrass ecosystems. During 10 days, 20 researchers representing a range of disciplines (molecular biology, physiology, botany, ecology, oceanography, and underwater acoustics) gathered at The Station de Recherches Sous-marines et Oceanographiques (STARESO, Corsica) to study together the nearby Posidonia oceanica meadow. STARESO is located in an oligotrophic area classified as pristine site where environmental disturbances caused by anthropogenic pressure are exceptionally low. The healthy P. oceanica meadow, which grows in front of the research station, colonizes the sea bottom from the surface to 37 m depth. During the study, genomic and proteomic approaches were integrated with ecophysiological and physical approaches with the aim of understanding changes in seagrass productivity and metabolism at different depths and along daily cycles. In this paper we report details on the approaches utilized and we forecast the potential of the data that will come from this synergistic approach not only for P. oceanica but for seagrasses in general.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Wrobel, L., et al.
(författare)
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Compounds activating VCP D1 ATPase enhance both autophagic and proteasomal neurotoxic protein clearance
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Enhancing the removal of aggregate-prone toxic proteins is a rational therapeutic strategy for a number of neurodegenerative diseases, especially Huntington's disease and various spinocerebellar ataxias. Ideally, such approaches should preferentially clear the mutant/misfolded species, while having minimal impact on the stability of wild-type/normally-folded proteins. Furthermore, activation of both ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosome routes may be advantageous, as this would allow effective clearance of both monomeric and oligomeric species, the latter which are inaccessible to the proteasome. Here we find that compounds that activate the D1 ATPase activity of VCP/p97 fulfill these requirements. Such effects are seen with small molecule VCP activators like SMER28, which activate autophagosome biogenesis by enhancing interactions of PI3K complex components to increase PI(3)P production, and also accelerate VCP-dependent proteasomal clearance of such substrates. Thus, this mode of VCP activation may be a very attractive target for many neurodegenerative diseases. Several neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the aggregation of cytoplasmic proteins. Here, the authors demonstrate that the small molecule SMER28 activates VCP, which enhances both autophagic and proteasomal clearance of aggregate-prone proteins.
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| 5. |
- Ehrenfest, D. M. D., et al.
(författare)
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In Search of a Consensus Terminology in the Field of Platelet Concentrates for Surgical Use: Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP), Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF), Fibrin Gel Polymerization and Leukocytes
- 2012
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Ingår i: Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology. - 1389-2010. ; 13:7, s. 1131-1137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the field of platelet concentrates for surgical use, most products are termed Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP). Unfortunately, this term is very general and incomplete, leading to many confusions in the scientific database. In this article, a panel of experts discusses this issue and proposes an accurate and simple terminology system for platelet concentrates for surgical use. Four main categories of products can be easily defined, depending on their leukocyte content and fibrin architecture: Pure Platelet-Rich Plasma (P-PRP), such as cell separator PRP, Vivostat PRF or Anitua's PRGF; Leukocyte- and Platelet-Rich Plasma (L-PRP), such as Curasan, Regen, Plateltex, SmartPReP, PCCS, Magellan, Angel or GPS PRP; Pure Plaletet-Rich Fibrin (P-PRF), such as Fibrinet; and Leukocyte-and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF), such as Choukroun's PRF. P-PRP and L-PRP refer to the unactivated liquid form of these products, their activated versions being respectively named P-PRP gels and L-PRP gels. The purpose of this search for a terminology consensus is to plead for a more serious characterization of these products. Researchers have to be aware of the complex nature of these living biomaterials, in order to avoid misunderstandings and erroneous conclusions. Understanding the biomaterials or believing in the magic of growth factors ? From this choice depends the future of the field.
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| 6. |
- Faria, Paulo E P, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of early functional loading on maintenance of free autogenous bone graft and implant osseointegration: an experimental study in dogs.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. - : Elsevier BV. - 1531-5053. ; 68:4, s. 825-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the healing, integration, and maintenance of autogenous onlay bone grafts and implant osseointegration either loaded in the early or the delayed stages. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 5 male dogs received bilateral blocks of onlay bone grafts harvested from the contralateral alveolar ridge of the mandible. On one side, the bone block was secured by 3 dental implants (3.5 mm x 13.0 mm, Osseospeed; AstraTech AB, Mölndal, Sweden). Two implants at the extremities of the graft were loaded 2 days after installation by abutment connection and prosthesis (simultaneous implant placement group); the implant in the middle remained unloaded and served as the control. On the other side, the block was fixed with 2 fixation screws inserted in the extremities of the graft. Four weeks later, the fixation screws were replaced with 3 dental implants. The loading procedure (delayed implant placement group) was performed 2 days later, as described for the simultaneous implant placement sites. The animals were sacrificed 12 weeks after the grafting procedure. Implant stability was measured through resonance frequency analysis. The bone volume and density were assessed on computed tomography. The bone to implant contact and bone area in a region of interest were evaluated on histologic slides. RESULTS: The implant stability quotient showed statistical significance in favor of the delayed loaded grafts (P = .001). The bone-to-implant contact (P = .008) and bone area in a region of interest (P = 0.005) were significantly greater in the delayed group. Nevertheless, no difference was found in terms of graft volume and density between the early loaded and delayed-loaded approaches. CONCLUSIONS: The protocol in which the implant and bone graft were given delayed loading allows for effective quality of implant osseointegration and stabilization, with healing and remodeling occurring in areas near the implant resulting in denser bone architecture.
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| 7. |
- Foti, M., et al.
(författare)
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P56Lck anchors CD4 to distinct microdomains on microvilli
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 99:4, s. 2008-2013
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell-surface microvilli play a central role in adhesion, fusion, and signaling processes. Some adhesion and signaling receptors segregate on microvilli but the determinants of this localization remain mostly unknown. In this study, we considered CD4, a receptor involved in immune response and HIV infection, and p56Lck, a CD4-associated tyrosine kinase. Analysis of CD4 trafficking reveals that p56Lck binds tightly to CD4 independently of its activation state and inhibits CD4 internalization. Electron microscopy analysis established that p56Lck mediates CD4 association with microvilli whereas biochemical data indicate that p56Lck expression renders CD4 insoluble by the nonionic detergent Triton X-100. In addition, cytoskeleton-disrupting agent increased CD4 solubility, suggesting the involvement of cytoskeletal elements in CD4 anchoring to microvilli. This concept was supported further by the observation that the lateral mobility of CD4 within the plasma membrane was decreased in cells expressing p56Lck. Finally, isolation of detergent-resistant membranes revealed that the complex CD4-p56Lck is enriched within these domains as opposed to conditions in which CD4 does not interact with p56Lck. In conclusion, our results show that p56Lck targets CD4 to specialized lipid microdomains preferentially localized on microvilli. This localization, which prevents CD4 internalization, might facilitate CD4-mediated adhesion processes and could correspond to the signaling site of the receptor.
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| 8. |
- MALCUS JOHNSSON, PIA, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in body structure and function between patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and healthy individuals, with particular reference to joint hypermobility
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0300-9742 .- 1502-7732. ; 46:1, s. 40-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To explore differences in body structure and function in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and controls, with particular reference to joint hypermobility, and to evaluate the usefulness of the Brighton criteria for diagnosing joint hypermobility syndrome (JHS) in SLE. Method: Female SLE patients were, according to age group, consecutively invited to participate in the study. Controls were healthy females matched for age. All individuals were examined by a physician according to the Brighton criteria, and by an occupational therapist and a physiotherapist to obtain the Beighton scores, overall joint mobility, and manifestations in body structure and function. Results: Sixteen (23%) SLE patients and 19 (27%) controls had a Beighton score ≥ 4 (non-significant, ns), and 39 (55%) individuals in the SLE group and 22 (31%) in the control group satisfied the Brighton criteria for JHS (p
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| 9. |
- Merheb, J., et al.
(författare)
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Influence of Skeletal and Local Bone Density on Dental Implant Stability in Patients with Osteoporosis
- 2016
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Ingår i: Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. - : Wiley. - 1523-0899 .- 1708-8208. ; 18:2, s. 253-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and PurposeOsteoporosis is a major skeletal disease affecting millions of people worldwide. Recent studies claim that patients with osteoporosis do not have a higher risk of early implant failure compared to non-osteoporotic patients. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of skeletal osteoporosis and local bone density on initial dental implant stability. Materials and MethodsSeventy-three patients were recruited and were assigned (based on a Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry scan) to either the osteoporosis (Opr), osteopenia (Opn), or control (C) group. Forty nine of the 73 patients received dental implants and had implant stability measured by means of resonance frequency analysis (RFA) at implant placement and at prosthetic abutment placement. On the computerized tomography scans, the cortical thickness and the bone density (Hounsfield Units) at the sites of implant placement were measured. ResultsAt implant placement, primary stability was on average lower in group Opr (63.310.3 ISQ) than in group Opn (65.3 +/- 7.5 implant stability qutient (ISQ)), and group C (66.7 +/- 8.7 ISQ). At abutment placement, a similar trend was observed: group Opr (66.4 +/- 9.5 ISQ) scored lower than group Opn (70.7 +/- 7.8 ISQ), while the highest average was for group C (72.2 +/- 7.2 ISQ). The difference between groups Opr and C was significant. Implant length and diameter did not have a significant effect on implant stability as measured with RFA. A significant correlation was found between local bone density and implant stability for all regions of interest. ConclusionsImplant stability seems to be influenced by both local and skeletal bone densities. The lower stability scores in patient with skeletal osteoporosis reinforce the recommendations that safe protocols and longer healing times could be recommended when treating those patients with dental implants.
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| 10. |
- Merheb, J., et al.
(författare)
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Relation between Spongy Bone Density in the Maxilla and Skeletal Bone Density
- 2015
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Ingår i: Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. - : Wiley. - 1523-0899 .- 1708-8208. ; 17:6, s. 1180-1187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Background and Purpose: Osteoporosis is a disease affecting more than 300 million people worldwide and is responsible for numerous medical complications. This study aimed to investigate the relation between skeletal and maxillary bone density. Materials and Methods: Seventy-three patients were recruited and divided between group A (osteoporosis), group B (healthy, control), and group C (osteopenia) on the basis of a dual-energy x-ray absorptiomery (DXA) scan. These patients also received a CT scan on which bone density measurements were performed at five sites: maxilla midline, retromolar tuberosities, incisor, premolars, and molar regions. Results: The bone density was lower in osteoporotic patients compared with the control patients. The bone mineral density (BMD) of the tuberosities showed the strongest correlations with the BMD of the hip and the spine (respectively, r=0.50 and r=0.61). The midline region showed moderate correlations with the hip (r=0.47) and the spine (r=0.46). For potential implant sites, the correlations with the BMD of the hip and spine were, however, small to insignificant. Based on measurements of bone density of the maxilla, it was possible to predict if the patient was osteoporotic or not with a sensitivity of 65% and a specificity of 83%. Conclusions: The maxillary bone density of subjects with osteoporosis is significantly lower than that of healthy patients. Moreover, there is a direct correlation between the density of the skeleton and the density of some sites of the maxilla. Using measurements of maxillary bone density in order to predict skeletal bone density might be a useful tool for the screening of osteoporosis.
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| 11. |
- Nihlen, S., et al.
(författare)
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Hidden sources of fluids, sodium and potassium in stabilised Swedish ICU patients A multicentre retrospective observational study
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Anaesthesiology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0265-0215 .- 1365-2346. ; 38:6, s. 625-633
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND Fluid overload in ICU patients is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Although studies report on optimisation of resuscitation fluids given to ICU patients, increasing evidence suggests that maintenance fluids and fluids used to administer drugs are important sources of fluid overload. OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the volume of maintenance fluids and electrolytes on overall fluid balance and their relation to mortality in stabilised ICU patients. DESIGN Multicentre retrospective observational study. SETTING Six mixed surgical and medical ICUs in Sweden. PATIENTS A total of 241 adult patients who spent at least 7 days in the ICU during 2018. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary endpoint was the volume of maintenance, resuscitation and drug diluent fluids administered on days 3 to 7 in the ICU. Secondary endpoints were to compare dispensed amounts of maintenance fluids and electrolytes with predicted requirements. We also investigated the effects of administered fluids and electrolytes on patient outcomes. RESULTS During ICU days 3 to 7, 56.4% of the total fluids given were maintenance fluids, nutritional fluids or both, 25.4% were drug fluids and 18.1% were resuscitation fluids. Patients received fluids 1.29 (95% confidence interval 1.07 to 1.56) times their estimated fluid needs. Despite this, 93% of the cohort was treated with diuretics or renal replacement therapy. Patients were given 2.17 (1.57 to 2.96) times their theoretical sodium needs and 1.22 (0.75 to 1.77) times their potassium needs. The median [IQR] volume of fluid loss during the 5-day study period was 3742 [3156 to 4479] ml day(-1), with urine output the main source of fluid loss. Death at 90 days was not associated with fluid or electrolyte balance in this cohort. CONCLUSION Maintenance and drug fluids far exceeded resuscitative fluids in ICU patients beyond the resuscitative phase. This excess fluid intake, in conjunction with high urinary output and treatment for fluid offload in almost all patients, suggests that a large volume of the maintenance fluids given was unnecessary.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Salata, L.A., et al.
(författare)
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Osseointegration of oxidized and turned implants in circumferential bone defects with and without adjunctive therapies: an experimental study on BMP-2 and autogenous bone graft in the dog mandible
- 2007
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY. - : Elsevier BV. - 0901-5027. ; 36:1, s. 62-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to compare the integration and implant stability of turned and oxidized titanium implants when placed in experimental bone defects with autogenous bone graft, BMP-2 or without adjunctive therapy. Four defects were prepared on each side of the mandible of 12 mongrel dogs five months after tooth extractions. Implants with turned and oxidized surfaces were placed in the defects. The circumferential gaps were filled with either autogenous bone grafts, a BMP-allogeneic dog mixture in a thermoplastic carrier, carrier alone or left without any treatment (control). There were no statistically significant differences between control and treated sites, neither for turned nor for oxidized implants with regard to histomorphometric measurements in ground sections and to implant stability as measured with resonance frequency analysis (RFA) after 4 and 12 weeks of healing. However, oxidized implants showed a significantly higher stability after 4 weeks and a tendency (p < 0.1) of that after 12 weeks. Histomorphometry showed more bone contacts for oxidized than for turned implants. It is concluded that oxidized implants gain stability more rapidly and integrate with more bone contacts than implants with a turned surface when placed in bone defects.
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| 16. |
- Temmerman, A., et al.
(författare)
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A Prospective, Controlled, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Clinical Outcome of Implant Treatment in Women with Osteoporosis/Osteopenia: 5-Year Results
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Dental Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 0022-0345 .- 1544-0591. ; 98:1, s. 84-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The impact of osteoporosis on implant treatment is still a matter of debate in the scientific community, as it may possibly lead to higher failure rates. As long-term controlled trials are missing, the aim of this study was to verify the long-term outcome of implants placed in patients with systemic osteoporosis. Postmenopausal women in need of implants underwent bone mineral density measurements in hip and spine, using dual X-ray absorptiometry scans. Based on T-scores, they were divided into 2 groups: group O (osteoporosis group) with a T-score <=-2 or group C (control group) with a T-score of >=-1. Implants were placed in a 2-stage manner and loaded 4 to 8 wk after abutment surgery. Six months after loading and thereafter yearly, clinical and radiographical parameters were assessed. In total, 148 implants were placed in 48 patients (mean age: 67 y [range, 59-83]). Sixty-three implants were placed in 20 patients (group O) and 85 implants in 28 patients (group C). After 5 y, 117 implants (38 in group O and 79 in the group C) in 37 patients were assessed. Cumulative survival rate on an implant level was 96.5% (group O: 91.5%; group C: 100.0% [P < 0.05]) and 95.7% (group O: 89.2%; group C: 100.0% [P > 0.05]) on a patient level. The overall marginal bone-level alterations, after 5 y of loading, were -0.09 +/- 0.78 mm (group O: -0.15 +/- 0.50 mm; group C: -0.06 +/- 0.89 mm) on an implant level and -0.09 +/- 0.54 mm (group O: -0.18 +/- 0.43 mm; group C: 0.06 +/- 0.58 mm) on a patient level (P > 0.05). Oral implant therapy in osteoporotic patients is a reliable treatment option with comparable osseointegration rates, implant survival, and marginal bone-level alterations after 5 y of functional loading (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00745121).
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Wallström, Sabá, et al.
(författare)
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Suppression of NDA-type alternative mitochondrial NAD(P)H dehydrogenases in Arabidopsis thaliana modifies growth and metabolism, but not high light stimulation of mitochondrial electron transport.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Plant and Cell Physiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1471-9053 .- 0032-0781. ; 55:5, s. 881-896
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The plant respiratory chain contains several pathways which bypass the energy-conserving electron transport complexes I, III, and IV. These energy-bypasses, including type II NAD(P)H dehydrogenases and the alternative oxidase (AOX), may have a role in redox-stabilisation and regulation, but current evidence is inconclusive. Using RNA interference, we generated Arabidopsis thaliana plants simultaneously suppressing the type II NAD(P)H dehydrogenase genes NDA1 and NDA2. Leaf mitochondria contained substantially reduced levels of both proteins. In sterile culture in the light, the transgenic lines displayed a slow growth phenotype, which was more severe when the complex I inhibitor rotenone was present. Slower growth was also observed in soil. In rosette leaves, a higher NAD(P)H/NAD(P)(+)-ratio and elevated levels of lactate relative to sugars and citric acid cycle metabolites were observed. However, photosynthetic performance was unaffected and microarray analyses indicated few transcriptional changes. A high light treatment increased AOX1a mRNA levels, in vivo AOX and cytochrome oxidase activities, and levels of citric acid cycle intermediates and hexoses in all genotypes. However, NDA-suppressing plants deviated from the wild type merely by having higher levels of several amino acids. These results suggest that NDA-suppression restricts citric acid cycle reactions, inducing a shift towards increased levels of fermentation products, but do not support a direct association between photosynthesis and NDA proteins.
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| 19. |
- Bengtsson, M., et al.
(författare)
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Outcome of photographic evaluation of facial appearance in orthognathic surgery: how does it correlate with planning of treatment and patient-reported outcome?
- 2019
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Ingår i: British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0266-4356 .- 1532-1940. ; 57:4, s. 345-351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The outcome of treatment in orthognathic surgery is dependent on preoperative surgical planning. The main purpose of the present study was to evaluate from photographs the improvement in facial appearance after orthognathic surgery. In addition, the outcomes of two different planning techniques, 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional, were compared and the correlation between the outcome and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) assessed. The study was a randomised controlled trial with the intervention being either 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional treatment planning. An evaluation panel compared photographs taken before and after operation on patients with severe class III malocclusion. The change in facial appearance was rated, the two planning techniques compared, and the result correlated with previously published findings on cephalometric accuracy and HRQoL in the same group. Completed 12-month follow-up resulted in the inclusion of 57 subjects aged between 18 and 28 years at the time of operation (mean 21 years). We found significant differences between the two evaluations (p = 4.4E-9) but no significant difference in facial improvement between the planning techniques (p = 0.54). However, there was a correlation between cephalometric measurement of accuracy in the anterior maxilla and evaluation of improvement of facial appearance (p = 0.024, r = 0.30), but we found no correlation + between HRQoL and the evaluation of facial appearance (p = 0.31, r = -0.14). We conclude that there was an improvement in facial aesthetics after orthognathic surgery that was independent of the planning technique used. (C) 2019 The British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 20. |
- Browse, John A., et al.
(författare)
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Respiration and lipid metabolism
- 2010
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Ingår i: Plant Physiology (5th edition). - 9780878938667 - 0878938664 ; , s. 305-342
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract is not available
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| 21. |
- Browse, John A., et al.
(författare)
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Respiration and Lipid Metabolism
- 2014. - 6th ed.
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Ingår i: Plant Physiology and Development. - 9781605352558 - 9781605354354 ; , s. 317-352
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Holm, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Leishmania donovani lipophosphoglycan causes periphagosomal actin accumulation : correlation with impaired translocation of PKCα and defective phagosome maturation
- 2001
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Ingår i: Cellular Microbiology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1462-5814 .- 1462-5822. ; 3:7, s. 439-447
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lipophosphoglycan (LPG) is the major surface glycoconjugate of Leishmania donovani promastigotes. The repeating disaccharide–phosphate units of LPG are crucial for promastigote survival inside macrophages and establishment of infection. LPG has a number of effects on the host cell, including inhibition of PKC activity, inhibition of nitric oxide production and altered expression of cytokines. LPG also inhibits phagosomal maturation, a process requiring depolymerization of periphagosomal F-actin. In the present study, we have characterized the dynamics of F-actin during the phagocytosis of L. donovani promastigotes in J774 macrophages. We observed that F-actin accumulated progressively around phagosomes containing wild-type L. donovani promastigotes during the first hour of phagocytosis. Using LPG-defective mutants and yeast particles coated with purified LPG, we obtained evidence that this effect could be attributed to the repeating units of LPG. LPG also disturbed cortical actin turnover during phagocytosis. The LPG-dependent accumulation of periphagosomal F-actin correlated with an impaired recruitment of the lysosomal marker LAMP1 and PKCα to the phagosome. Accumulation of periphagosomal F-actin during phagocytosis of L. donovani promastigotes may contribute to the inhibition of phagosomal maturation by physically preventing vesicular trafficking to and from the phagosome.
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| 25. |
- Holm, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Lipid rafts are required for the effects of Leishmania donovani lipophosphoglycan on periphagosomal F-actin and phagosomal maturation
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Lipophosphoglycan (LPG) is the major surface glycoconjugate on Leishmania donovani promastigotes, and is cmcial for pro mastigote survival following phagocytosis by macrophages. LPG consists of a chain of repeating phosphodisaccharides anchored to the parasite membrane by a lysophosphatidylinositol lipid anchor with an unusually long saturated fatty acid residue. During phagocytosis, LPG transfers from the parasite surface to the plasma membrane of the host macrophage. The presence of LPG alters the biophysical properties of the host cell membrane and the signaling capacity of the macrophage. LPG induces accumulation ofF-actin around the phagosome, and inhibits phagosome maturation. The effects of LPG on the host ce!l include inhibition of PKCα, a PKC isoenzyme involved in F-actin tumover.The biophysical properties of the LPG lipid anchor suggest that it partitions into caveolae or lipid rafts, which are cholesterol-rich plasma membrane microdomains central for signal transduction. Since PKCa is enriched in caveolae/lipid rafts in other cell types, we investigated if lipid rafts constitute a platform for the interaction of LPG and PKCα. We found that the plasma membrane of human monocyte-derived macrophages were rich in lipid rafts, but did not contain caveolae. LPG colocalized with lipid raft markers after interaction with WT L. donovani promastigotes. The presence of LPG inhibited the translocation of PKCα to the plasma membrane. Destruction of lipid rafts by cholesterol depletion lead to a complete eradication of LPG's effects on periphagosomal F-actin and phagosomal maturation. We also found that cholesterol depletion reduced uptake of WT L. donovani promastigotes, while uptake of an LPG-defective mutant was not affected.We conclude that LPG partitions to lipid rafts in the plasma membrane of human macrophages and inhibits the translocation of PKCα to the membrane. The presence of lipid rafts is a prerequisite for LPG to exert its effects on host cell actin and phagosomal maturation.
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| 26. |
- Holm, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Protein C α regulates phagocytosis actin dynamics and phagosomal maturation in macrophages
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Protein kinase C α (PKCα) participates in F-actin remodeling during phagocytosis and phagosomal maturation in macrophages. Promastigotes of the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani cause an accumulation of periphagosomal F-actin instead of the normal decrease seen with other prey [1]. This accumulation is dependent on promastigote lipophosphoglycan (LPG), which has several detrimental effects on the cell including inhibition of PKCα activity.To directly address the role of PKCα and LPG for actin remodeling in macrophages, we investigated F-actin dynamics in RAW 264.7 macrophages overexpressing a dominant-negative mutant of PKCα (DN PKCα). We found that DN PKCα-overexpressing cells displayed increased levels of cortical F-actin and decreased phagocytic capacity, which was augmented when the cells were subjected to LPG-coated prey. The DN PKCα-overexpressing cells also showed defective breakdown of periphagosomal F-actin and inhibition of phagosomal maturation. The level of periphagosomal F-actin was similar to that of controls subjected to LPG-coated prey. Our results show that PKCα regulates phagocytosis and F-actin turnover in macrophages, and that PKCα-dependent breakdown of periphagosomal F-actin is required for normal phagosomal maturation.
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| 27. |
- Holm, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Role of protein kinase C α for uptake of unopsonized prey and phagosomal maturation in macrophages
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC. - 0006-291X .- 1090-2104. ; 302:4, s. 653-658
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Protein kinase C α (PKCα) participates in F-actin remodeling during phagocytosis and phagosomal maturation in macrophages. Leishmania donovani promastigotes, which inhibit phagosomal maturation, cause accumulation of periphagosomal F-actin instead of the dissassembly observed around other prey [Cell. Microbiol. 7 (2001) 439]. This accumulation is induced by promastigote lipophosphoglycan (LPG), which has several effects on macrophages including inhibition of PKCα. To investigate a possible connection between PKCα and LPG’s effects on actin dynamics, we utilized RAW264.7 macrophages overexpressing dominant-negative PKCα (DN PKCα). We found increased cortical F-actin and decreased phagocytic capacity, as well as defective periphagosomal F-actin breakdown and inhibited phagosomal maturation in the DN PKCα-overexpressing cells, effects similar to those seen in controls subjected to LPG-coated prey. The results indicate that PKCα is involved in F-actin turnover in macrophages and that PKCα-dependent breakdown of periphagosomal F-actin is required for phagosomal maturation, and endorse the hypothesis that intracellular survival of L. donovani involves inhibition of PKCα by LPG.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Karazisis, Dimitrios, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of controlled nanotopography, machined topography and their combination on molecular activities, bone formation and biomechanical stability during osseointegration
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Acta Biomaterialia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1742-7061 .- 1878-7568. ; 136, s. 279-290
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The initial cellular and molecular activities at the bone interface of implants with controlled nanoscale topography and microscale roughness have previously been reported. However, the effects of such surface modifications on the development of osseointegration have not yet been determined. This study investigated the molecular events and the histological and biomechanical development of the bone interface in implants with nanoscale topography, microscale roughness or a combination of both. Polished and machined titanium implants with and without controlled nanopatterning (75 nm protrusions) were produced using colloidal lithography and coated with a thin titanium layer to unify the chemistry. The implants were inserted in rat tibiae and subjected to removal torque (RTQ) measurements, molecular analyses and histological analyses after 6, 21 and 28 days. The results showed that nanotopography superimposed on microrough, machined, surfaces promoted an early increase in RTQ and hence produced greater implant stability at 6 and 21 days. Two-way MANOVA revealed that the increased RTQ was influenced by microscale roughness and the combination of nanoscale and microscale topographies. Furthermore, increased bone-implant contact (BIC) was observed with the combined nanopatterned machined surface, although MANOVA results implied that the increased BIC was mainly dependent on microscale roughness. At the molecular level, the nanotopography, per se, and in synergy with microscale roughness, downregulated the expression of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). In conclusion, controlled nanotopography superimposed on microrough machined implants promoted implant stability during osseointegration. Nanoscale-driven mechanisms may involve attenuation of the inflammatory response at the titanium implant site. Statement of Significance: The role of combined implant microscale and nanotopography features for osseointegration is incompletely understood. Using colloidal lithography technique, we created an ordered nanotopography pattern superimposed on screwshaped implants with microscale topography. The midterm and late molecular, bone-implant contact and removal torque responses were analysed in vivo. Nanotopography superimposed on microrough, machined, surfaces promoted the implant stability, influenced by microscale topography and the combination of nanoscale and microscale topographies. Increased bone-implant contact was mainly dependent on microscale roughness whereas the nanotopography, per se, and in synergy with microscale roughness, attenuated the proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) expression. It is concluded that microscale and nanopatterns provide individual as well as synergistic effects on molecular, morphological and biomechanical implant-tissue processes in vivo.
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| 32. |
- Khamisi, Selwan, et al.
(författare)
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Vitamin D and bone metabolism in Graves’ disease : a prospective study
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation. - : Springer. - 0391-4097 .- 1720-8386. ; 46, s. 425-433
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Vitamin D and osteoporosis in Graves' disease (GD) have been examined in cross-sectional studies with divergent results. Here, we prospectively studied vitamin D metabolism and bone health in patients with newly diagnosed GD. Methods Thirty consecutive patients with de novo overt thyrotoxicosis diagnosed with GD were included. At diagnosis, none of the patients were treated with vitamin D or anti-osteoporotic drugs. All patients were initially treated with antithyroid drugs. Blood samplings were taken at baseline and at 6 weeks, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after treatment start. Serum levels of 25OHD3, 1,25OH2D3, calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and C-terminal telopeptides of Type I collagen (CTX-I) were analysed. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at baseline, and 1 and 2 years after treatment initiation. Results At diagnosis, patients with GD did not have vitamin D deficiency. There were no significant correlations between levels of 25OHD3 and thyrotoxicosis. Upon treatment of the thyrotoxicosis, serum calcium fell transiently, and PTH and 1,25OH2D3 increased. 25OHD3 fell within the normal range and stabilised at 6 months. CTX-I fell over 12 months, BMD increased significantly up to 2 years, p = 0.002, < 0.001 and 0.005 in the spine, left total hip and left femoral neck, respectively. Conclusions The present data underline that thyrotoxicosis has a negative impact on bone health and demonstrate fine-tuned dynamics in bone and vitamin D metabolism. Upon treatment, bone health improved over a follow-up period of 24 months despite rising PTH. Increased conversion of 25OHD3 to 1,25OH2D3 occurs during treatment of GD.
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| 33. |
- Khosrowjerdi, Hojat, et al.
(författare)
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Learning-based testing for safety critical automotive applications
- 2017
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Ingår i: 5th International Symposium on Model-Based Safety and Assessment, IMBSA 2017. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319641188 ; , s. 197-211
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Learning-based testing (LBT) is an emerging paradigm for fully automated requirements testing. This approach combines machine learning and model-checking techniques for test case generation and verdict construction. LBT is well suited to requirements testing of low-latency safety critical embedded systems, such as can be found in the automotive sector. We evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of applying LBT to two safety critical industrial automotive applications. We also benchmark our LBT tool against an existing industrial test tool that executes manually written test cases.
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| 34. |
- Lager, Ida, et al.
(författare)
-
Changes in external pH rapidly alter plant gene expression and modulate auxin and elicitor responses
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Plant, Cell and Environment. - : Wiley. - 0140-7791 .- 1365-3040. ; 33:9, s. 1513-1528
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- pH is a highly variable environmental factor for the root, and plant cells can modify apoplastic pH for nutrient acquisition and in response to extracellular signals. Nevertheless, surprisingly few effects of external pH on plant gene expression have been reported. We have used microarrays to investigate whether external pH affects global gene expression. In Arabidopsis thaliana roots, 881 genes displayed at least twofold changes in transcript abundance 8 h after shifting medium pH from 6.0 to 4.5, identifying pH as a major affector of global gene expression. Several genes responded within 20 min, and gene responses were also observed in leaves of seedling cultures. The pH 4.5 treatment was not associated with abiotic stress, as evaluated from growth and transcriptional response. However, the observed patterns of global gene expression indicated redundancies and interactions between the responses to pH, auxin and pathogen elicitors. In addition, major shifts in gene expression were associated with cell wall modifications and Ca2+ signalling. Correspondingly, a marked overrepresentation of Ca2+/calmodulin-associated motifs was observed in the promoters of pH-responsive genes. This strongly suggests that plant pH recognition involves intracellular Ca2+. Overall, the results emphasize the previously underappreciated role of pH in plant responses to the environment.
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| 35. |
- Lerm, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Rac1 and Cdc42 are involved in the periphagosomal F-actin accumulation and inhibition of phagosomal maturation caused by Leishmania donovani lipophosphoglycan
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The intracellular parasite Leishmania donovani survives inside macrophage phagosomes by inhibiting phagosornal maturation. Its main surface glycoconjugate, lipophosphoglycan (LPG), is crucial for survival and essential for the build-up of a coat of F-actin surrounding the phagosome. Previous studies have shown that inhibition of PKCα by LPG is partly responsible for the elevated levels of F-actin around the phagosome (1, 2). This study shows that simultaneous inhibition of Cdc42 and Rac1, members of the Rho family of small GTPases, prevented the accumulation of F-actin around L. donovani containing phagosomes in murine macrophages. Moreover, an LPG-defective L. donovani mutant normally not capable of accumulating F-actin around it's phagosome, displayed elevated amounts of periphagosomal F-actin in cells pre-treated with permanently active forms of Cdc42 and Rac. The lysosomal marker LAMP1 did not translocate normally to phagosomes in these cells, indicating defective phagosomal maturation. We conclude that Cdc42 and Rac are activated by L. donovani in an LPG-dependent manner, and that this activation contributes to the accumulation of periphagosomal F-actin around L. donovani phagosomes. Our results also indicate a direct link between the build-up of periphagosomal F-actinand inhibition of phagosomal mahuation.
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| 36. |
- Lindfors, L, et al.
(författare)
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Amorphous drug nanosuspensions. 1. Inhibition of Ostwald ripening
- 2006
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 22:3, s. 906-910
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Amorphous drug nanosuspensions are prone to particle growth due to Ostwald ripening. By incorporating a second component of extremely low aqueous solubility, Ostwald ripening can be inhibited. These studies indicate that to inhibit ripening, the drug/inhibitor mixture (in the particles) must form a single phase. The drug/inhibitor mixture can be characterized by the interaction parameter chi using the Bragg-Williams theory, in which single phase mixtures are obtained for chi < 2. The chi parameter can be calculated from the (crystalline) solubility of the drug in the inhibitor, provided the inhibitor is a liquid, and the melting entropy and temperature of the drug.
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| 37. |
- Lyngstadaas, S. P., et al.
(författare)
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Titanium Granules for Augmentation of the Maxillary Sinus - A Multicenter Study
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. - : Wiley. - 1523-0899. ; 17
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundBiomaterials are commonly used to augment the maxillary sinus floor prior to or in conjunction with dental implant installation. Recently, porous titanium granules (PTGs) have been used in oral implant surgery to stabilize implants and function as an osteoconductive matrix. PurposeTo evaluate if PTGs can be safely used in a larger population of patients, treated by different surgeons, when sinus floor augmentation was required in conjunction with implant installation. The primary endpoint was 12-month survival rate of the dental implants. Biopsies for histology were taken from the augmented area. Materials and MethodsAt five centers, 40 subjects with uni or bilateral posterior edentulism and atrophy of the posterior maxilla (3-6mm) were enrolled. In a single-stage procedure, PTG and one to three dental implants were installed in each quadrant. In total, 70 implants were included in the study. ResultsOne immobile implant was removed. The mean marginal bone loss was 0.5mm and 0.8mm, on the mesial and distal side, respectively. Histologically, all biopsies demonstrated bone ingrowth. ConclusionsThe results suggest that PTG can be safely and effectively used as augmentation material in the sinus floor when used with dental implants in a one-stage procedure.
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| 38. |
- Michaëlsson, Karl, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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The Free Hormone Hypothesis : Is Free Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D a Better Marker for Bone Mineral Density in Older Women?
- 2018
-
Ingår i: JBMR plus. - : Wiley. - 2473-4039. ; 2:6, s. 367-374
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is presently unclear whether free serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (S-25(OH)D) better reflects bone health than total S-25(OH)D. We have previously shown that summer total S-25(OH)D values are more useful to predict bone mineral density (BMD) than winter values. Our objective was therefore to compare the relative importance of free and total S-25(OH)D for BMD by season. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 5002 Swedish women (mean age 68 years) randomly selected from a large population-based longitudinal cohort study. Free S-25(OH)D was analyzed by a commercial ELISA and total S-25(OH)D by HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Free and total S-25(OH)D co-varied with season, with 26% and 29% higher values in August compared with those in January-March (nadir). There were no differences in mean BMD between categories of free or total S-25(OH)D in samples collected during winter. Women with higher total S-25(OH)D measured during summer had higher BMD at the total hip. Compared with women who had total S-25(OH)D values above 80 nmol/L during summer, adjusted BMD at the total hip was 6% (95% CI, 1% to 11%) lower for S-25(OH)D concentrations between 30 and 40 mmol/L, and 11% (95% CI, 3% to 19%) lower for those with total S-25(OH)D <30 nmol/L. In contrast, free S-25(OH)D measured during summer was not associated with BMD. Compared with women who had highest free S-25(OH)D measured during summer (>8.8 pmol/L), those with intermediate (2.4-3.5 pmol/L) and lowest (<2.4 pmol/L) free S-25(OH)D during summer did not have lower total hip BMD values (3% [95% CI, -2% to 7%] and -2% [95% CI, -8% to 4%]). In addition, we found no added value for the prediction of BMD with the combined measurement of total and free S-25(OH)D during summer or winter. We conclude that vitamin D status assessed by direct measurements of free S-25(OH)D does not reflect BMD better than total S-25(OH)D. © 2018 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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| 39. |
- Moll, Guido, et al.
(författare)
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Are Therapeutic Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Compatible with Human Blood?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Stem Cells. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1066-5099 .- 1549-4918. ; 30:7, s. 1565-1574
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are tested in numerous clinical trials. Questions have been raised concerning fate and function of these therapeutic cells after systemic infusion. We therefore asked whether culture-expanded human MSCs elicit an innate immune attack, termed instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR), which has previously been shown to compromise the survival and function of systemically infused islet cells and hepatocytes. We found that MSCs expressed hemostatic regulators similar to those produced by endothelial cells but displayed higher amounts of prothrombotic tissue/stromal factors on their surface, which triggered the IBMIR after blood exposure, as characterized by formation of blood activation markers. This process was dependent on the cell dose, the choice of MSC donor, and particularly the cell-passage number. Short-term expanded MSCs triggered only weak blood responses in vitro, whereas extended culture and coculture with activated lymphocytes increased their prothrombotic properties. After systemic infusion to patients, we found increased formation of blood activation markers, but no formation of hyperfibrinolysis marker D-dimer or acute-phase reactants with the currently applied dose of 1.0-3.0 x 10(6) cells per kilogram. Culture-expanded MSCs trigger the IBMIR in vitro and in vivo. Induction of IBMIR is dose-dependent and increases after prolonged ex vivo expansion. Currently applied doses of low-passage clinical-grade MSCs elicit only minor systemic effects, but higher cell doses and particularly higher passage cells should be handled with care. This deleterious reaction can compromise the survival, engraftment, and function of these therapeutic cells.
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| 40. |
- Niemi, Auli, et al.
(författare)
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Characterizing CO2 residual trapping in-situ by means of single-well push-pull experiments at Heletz, Israel, pilot injection site : experimental procedures and results of the experiments
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control. - : Elsevier BV. - 1750-5836 .- 1878-0148. ; 101
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two dedicated field experiments have been carried out at the Heletz, Israel pilot CO2 injection site. The objective has been to quantify the CO2 residual trapping in-situ, based on two distinctly different methods. Both experiments are based on the principle of a combination of hydraulic, thermal and/or tracer tests before and after creating the residually trapped zone of CO2 and using the difference in the responses of these tests to estimate the in-situ residual trapping. In Residual Trapping Experiment I (RTE I), carried out in autumn 2016, the main characterization test before and after the creation of the residually trapped zone were hydraulic withdrawal tests. In this experiment, the residually trapped zone was also created by fluid withdrawal, by first injecting CO2, then withdrawing fluids until CO2 was at residual saturation. The second experiment, Residual Trapping Experiment II (RTE II), was carried out autumn 2017. In this experiment, the residually trapped CO2 zone was created by CO2 injection, followed by the injection of CO2-saturated water, to push away the mobile CO2 and leave the residually trapped CO2 behind. In this test, the main reference test carried out before and after creating the residually trapped zone was injection and recovery of gas partitioning tracer Krypton. This paper presents the experimental procedures and results of these experiments. A hydraulic withdrawal test as a characterization method was robust and gave a clear signal. Given the difficulties in injecting water optimally saturated with CO2, in order not to dissolve the residually trapped CO2 or to create situations with excess mobile gas, withdrawal test may also be a generally preferable hydraulic testing method, in comparison to injection. The limitation of any hydraulic test is that it only gives an averaged value over the test section. At Heletz additional information about CO2 distribution was obtained based on thermal measurements and by monitoring the pressure difference between the two sensors in the bolehole. The latter could be used to estimate the amount of mobile CO2 in the well test section. Tracer experiments with gas partitioning tracers can in principle give more detailed information of CO2 residual distribution in the reservoir than hydraulic tests can, but are also far more complicated to carry out, involving sophisticated and sensitive equipment. In the Heletz case the optimal injection of CO2-saturated water turned out to be difficult to achieve. Creating the zone of residual saturation by means of fluid withdrawal rather than by injecting CO2-saturated water seemed a more robust approach. Monitoring the gas contents in the test interval gave good guidance on the state of the system. Model interpretations of the two experiments to obtain values for CO2 residual saturation are presented in companion papers in this same Special Edition.
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| 41. |
- Niemi, Auli, et al.
(författare)
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Heletz experimental site overview, characterization and data analysis for CO2 injection and geological storage
- 2016
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control. - : Elsevier BV. - 1750-5836 .- 1878-0148. ; 48, s. 3-23
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper provides an overview of the site characterization work at the Heletz site, in preparation to scientifically motivated CO2 injection experiments. The outcomes are geological and hydrogeological models with associated medium properties and baseline conditions. The work has consisted on first re-analyzing the existing data base from similar to 40 wells from the previous oil exploration studies, based on which a 3-dimensional structural model was constructed along with first estimates of the properties. The CO2 injection site is located on the saline edges of the Heletz depleted oil field. Two new deep (> 1600 m) wells were drilled within the injection site and from these wells a detailed characterization program was carried out, including coring, core analyses, fluid sampling, geophysical logging, seismic survey, in situ hydraulic testing and measurement of the baseline pressure and temperature. The results are presented and discussed in terms of characteristics of the reservoir and cap-rock, the mineralogy, water composition and other baseline conditions, porosity, permeability, capillary pressure and relative permeability. Special emphasis is given to petrophysical properties of the reservoir and the seal, such as comparing the estimates determined by different methods, looking at their geostatistical distributions as well as changes in them when exposed to CO2.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Nihlén, Sandra, et al.
(författare)
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The Contribution of Plasma Urea to Total Osmolality During Iatrogenic Fluid Reduction in Critically Ill Patients
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Function. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2633-8823. ; 3:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hyperosmolality is common in critically ill patients during body fluid volume reduction. It is unknown whether this is only a result of decreased total body water or an active osmole-producing mechanism similar to that found in aestivating animals, where muscle degradation increases urea levels to preserve water. We hypothesized that fluid volume reduction in critically ill patients contributes to a shift from ionic to organic osmolytes similar to mechanisms of aestivation. We performed a post-hoc analysis on data from a multicenter observational study in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients in the postresuscitative phase. Fluid, electrolyte, energy and nitrogen intake, fluid loss, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and estimated plasma osmolality (eOSM) were registered. Contributions of osmolytes Na+, K+, urea, and glucose to eOSM expressed as proportions of eOSM were calculated. A total of 241 patients were included. eOSM increased (median change 7.4 mOsm/kg [IQR-1.9-18]) during the study. Sodium's and potassium's proportions of eOSM decreased (P P < .01, respectively), whereas urea's proportion increased (P < .001). The urea's proportion of eOSM was higher in patients with negative vs. positive fluid balance. Urea's proportion of eOSM increased with eOSM (r = 0.63; adjusted for eGFR r = 0.80), but not nitrogen intake. In patients without furosemide and/or renal replacement therapy (n = 17), urea's proportion of eOSM and eOSM correlated strongly (r = 0.92). Urea's proportion of eOSM was higher in patients not surviving up to 90 d. In stabilized ICU patients, the contribution of urea to plasma osmolality increased during body water volume reduction, statistically independently of nitrogen administration and eGFR. The shift from ionic osmolytes to urea during body fluid volume reduction is similar to that seen in aestivating animals. [GRAPHICS] .
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| 44. |
- Nived, Ola, et al.
(författare)
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Adherence with advice and prescriptions in SLE is mostly good, but better follow up is needed: A study with a questionnaire.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Lupus. - : SAGE Publications. - 0961-2033 .- 1477-0962. ; 16:9, s. 701-706
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of the information policy given to all systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. One hundred consecutive SLE patients were asked to answer anonymously a questionnaire covering demographic issues including education, adherence with prescriptions and advice given and methods of sourcing information. Seventy-three females and ten males responded. The demographic data showed that 34 had a university education, 29 high school and 19 primary school education. An inability to work due to disease was increased compared with the matched population (P < 0.001). Forty-two reported that they had received advice about physical training and forty of them followed this advice. Only 28 out of 46 smokers reported that they had got any advice about smoking, and out of these only 13 followed the advice. The patients with university background were less likely to smoke (P < 0.05) and followed the advice more often (P < 0.05). Most patients followed given advice about exposure to sunlight. Thirty-five percent of those prescribed glucocorticoids reported that they varied from the prescribed dosages without consultation with their specialist. This behaviour was more common in the university group (P < 0.05), this grouping also had a higher median dosage. Seventy-three patients had read the booklet about SLE provided by the clinic. Accessing internet information was more common for those with university education (P < 0.01). This study shows that on the whole SLE patients follow given advice, but adherence varies. Aside from the issue of glucocorticoid dosage adherence, educational level seems to be the most important predictor for adherence to advice. Thus, we conclude that a more individualized approach to delivery of information is required and better follow up is needed.
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| 45. |
- Nyberg, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
-
Formal verification in automotive industry : Enablers and obstacles
- 2018
-
Ingår i: 8th International Symposium on Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation, ISoLA 2018. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030034269 ; , s. 139-158
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe and summarize our experiences from six industrial case studies in applying formal verification techniques to embedded, safety-critical code. The studies were conducted at Scania over the period of eight years. Despite certain successes, we have so far failed to introduce formal techniques on a larger scale. Based on our experiences, we identify and discuss some key obstacles to, and enabling factors for the successful incorporation of formal verification techniques into the software development and quality assurance process.
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| 46. |
- Patterson, Kurt, et al.
(författare)
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Distinct signalling pathways and transcriptome response signatures differentiate ammonium- and nitrate-supplied plants
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Plant, Cell and Environment. - : Wiley. - 0140-7791 .- 1365-3040. ; 33:9, s. 1486-1501
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nitrogen is the only macronutrient that is commonly available to plants in both oxidized and reduced forms, mainly nitrate and ammonium. The physiological and molecular effects of nitrate supply have been well studied, but comparatively little is known about ammonium nutrition and its differential effects on cell function and gene expression. We have used a physiologically realistic hydroponic growth system to compare the transcriptomes and redox status of the roots of ammonium- and nitrate-supplied Arabidopsis thaliana plants. While similar to 60% of nitrogen-regulated genes displayed common responses to both ammonium and nitrate, significant 'nitrate-specific' and 'ammonium-specific' gene sets were identified. Pathways involved in cytokinin response and reductant generation/distribution were specifically altered by nitrate, while a complex biotic stress response and changes in nodulin gene expression were characteristic of ammonium-supplied plants. Nitrate supply was associated with a rapid decrease in H2O2 production, potentially because of an increased export of reductant from the mitochondrial matrix. The underlying basis of the nitrate- and ammonium-specific patterns of gene expression appears to be different signals elaborated from each nitrogen source, including alterations in extracellular pH that are associated with ammonium uptake, downstream metabolites in the ammonium assimilation pathway, and the presence or absence of the nitrate ion.
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| 47. |
- Rasmusson, A. G., et al.
(författare)
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Effect of calcium ions and inhibitors on internal NAD(P)H dehydrogenases in plant mitochondria
- 1991
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Biochemistry. - : Wiley. - 0014-2956 .- 1432-1033. ; 202:2, s. 617-623
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both the external oxidation of NADH and NADPH in intact potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Bintje) tuber mitochondria and the rotenone-insensitive internal oxidation of NADPH by inside-out submitochondrial particles were dependent on Ca2+. The stimulation was not due to increased permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Neither the membrane potential nor the latencies of NAD+-dependent and NADP+-dependent malate dehydrogenases were affected by the addition of Ca2+. The pH dependence and kinetics of Ca2+-dependent NADPH oxidation by inside-out submitochondrial particles were studied using three different electron acceptors: O2, duroquinone and ferricyanide. Ca2+ increased the activity with all acceptors with a maximum at neutral pH and an additional minor peak at pH 5.8 with O2 and duroquinone. Without Ca2+, the activity was maximal around pH 6. The K(m) for NADPH was decreased fourfold with ferricyanide and duroquinone, and twofold with O2 as acceptor, upon addition of Ca2+. The V(max) was not changed with ferricyanide as acceptor, but increased twofold with both duroquinone and O2. Half-maximal stimulation of the NADPH oxidation was found at 3 μM free Ca2+ with both O2 and duroquinone as acceptors. This is the first report of a membrane-bound enzyme inside the inner mitochondrial membrane which is directly dependent on micromolar concentrations of Ca2+. Mersalyl and dicumarol, two potent inhibitors of the external NADH dehydrogenase in plant mitochondria, were found to inhibit internal rotenone-insensitive NAD(P)H oxidation, at the same concentrations and in manners very similar to their effects on the external NAD(P)H oxidation.
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| 48. |
- Rasmusson, A. G., et al.
(författare)
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Isolation of the rotenome-sensitive NADH-ubiquinone reductase (complex I) from red beet mitochondria
- 1994
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Ingår i: Physiologia Plantarum. - : Wiley. - 0031-9317 .- 1399-3054. ; 90:3, s. 607-615
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Complex 1 of the respirator) chain (EC 1.6.531, measured as NADH-duroquinone and NADH-ubiquinone, reductase activities, was isolated from purified red beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.I mitochondria. The mitochondria were disrupted by freeze-thawing and inner membrane vesicles were pelleted. After solubilization of the vesicles with Triton X-100, the enzyme complex was purified 11-fold (compared to the activity in the inner membrane vesicles) by size-exclusion chromatography on a Sephacryl S-400 HR column and then by ion-exchange chromatography on a DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B column. Triton X-100 was present throughout the purification procedure. Tire purified complex showed approximately 30 bands on SDS-PAGE and about 15 polypeptides including those at 80. 54, 53. 51. 27. 25 and 22 kDa cross-reacted with polyclonal antibodies raised against complex I from Neurospora crassa. This is similar lo the pattern obtained with complex I from Neurospera crassa.Analysis by nativc-SDS 2-dimensional PAGE revealed the existence of several molecular mass forms of the purified complex.After reconstitution of the purified complex into phosphatidylcholine vesicles, the NADH-ubiquinone reductase activity had a Km (NADH) of about I μM and was inhibited by both rotenone and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.
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| 49. |
- Rasmusson, Allan G., et al.
(författare)
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Mitochondrial NAD(P)H oxidation pathways and nitrate/ammonium redox balancing in plants
- 2020
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Ingår i: Mitochondrion (Amsterdam. Print). - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 1567-7249 .- 1872-8278. ; 53, s. 158-165
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plant mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is characterised by alternative electron transport pathways with different energetic efficiencies, allowing turnover of cellular redox compounds like NAD(P)H. These electron transport chain pathways are profoundly affected by soil nitrogen availability, most commonly as oxidized nitrate (NO3-) and/or reduced ammonium (NH4+). The bioenergetic strategies involved in assimilating different N sources can alter redox homeostasis and antioxidant systems in different cellular compartments, including the mitochondria and the cell wall. Conversely, changes in mitochondrial redox systems can affect plant responses to N. This review explores the integration between N assimilation, mitochondrial redox metabolism, and apoplast metabolism.
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| 50. |
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