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- Huq, Nafisa Lira, et al.
(författare)
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Community-based integrated intervention for skilled maternal health care utilization in riverine remote areas, Bangladesh
- 2023
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Ingår i: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare. - : Elsevier. - 1877-5756 .- 1877-5764. ; 37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Despite the decrease in maternal mortality ratio, many women in Bangladesh are still at high-risk of death due to pregnancy-related morbidities. Increasing the rate of skilled maternal healthcare service utilization is effective to reduce maternal mortality rate. This paper examines the intervention effect of an integrated community-based maternal healthcare project implemented by a non-government organization, Friendship, aiming to provide maternal health services to women living in the remote riverine regions of Bangladesh.Methods: We examined the skilled maternal healthcare service utilization before and after project implementation of the mothers with birth experience of 0-6 months from the intervention (N =1,304) and comparison areas (N = 1,304). A difference-in-differences logistic model measured the effect of the intervention.Results: After the intervention, mothers were three times more likely to receive & GE; 4 ANC visits from skilled providers (AOR: 2.9; 95 % CI: 2.1-4.2), 1.5 times more likely to have skilled birth attendants during deliveries (AOR: 1.5; 95 % CI: 1.1-2.1) and 1.5 times more likely to seek at least one PNC within 42 days after delivery (AOR: 1.5; 95 % CI: 1.1-2.2) as compared to the comparison group.Conclusion: The intervention showed positive effect on improving the ANC coverage, skilled delivery, and PNC among the mothers residing the remote riverine areas. Therefore, it opens up the opportunity for adaptation of such integrated community and facility-based interventions by other LMICs.
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| 4. |
- Rasul, Abu E., et al.
(författare)
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Simultaneous detection of the two main proliferation driving EBV encoded proteins, EBNA-2 and LMP-1 in single B cells
- 2012
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Ingår i: JIM - Journal of Immunological Methods. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-1759 .- 1872-7905. ; 385:1-2, s. 60-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epstein Barr virus (EBV) is carried by almost all adults, mostly without clinical manifestations. Latent virus infection of B lymphocytes induces activation and proliferation that can be demonstrated in vitro. In healthy individuals, generation of EBV induced malignant proliferation is avoided by continuous immunological surveillance. The proliferation inducing set of the virally encoded genes is expressed exclusively in B cells in a defined differentiation window. It comprises nine EBV encoded nuclear proteins, EBNA 1-6, and three cell membrane associated proteins, LMP-1,2A and 2B, designated as latency Type III. Outside this window the expression of the viral genes is limited. Healthy carriers harbor a low number of B lymphocytes in which the viral genome is either silent or expresses one virally encoded protein, EBNA-1, latency Type I. In addition, EBV genome carrying B cells can lack either EBNA-2 or LMP-1, latency Type IIa or Type IIb respectively. These cells have no inherent proliferation capacity. Detection of both EBNA-2 and LMP-1 can identify B cells with growth potential. We devised therefore a method for their simultaneous detection in cytospin deposited cell populations. Simultaneous detection of EBNA-2 and LMP-1 was reported earlier in tissues derived from infectious mononucleosis (IM), postransplantation lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) and from humanized mice infected with EBV. We show for the first time the occurrence of Type IIa and Type IIb cells in cord blood lymphocyte populations infected with EBV in vitro. Further, we confirm the variation of EBNA-2 and LMP-1 expression in several Type III lines and that they vary independently in individual cells. We visualize that in Type III LCL, induced for plasmacytoid differentiation by IL-21 treatment, EBV protein expression changes to Type ha (EBNA-2 negative LMP-1 positive). We also show that when the proliferation of EBV infected cord blood lymphocyte culture is inhibited by the immunomodulator, PSK the majority of the cells express latency Type IIa pattern. These results show that by modifying the differentiation state, the proliferating EBV positive B cells can be curbed. Type IIa expression is a characteristic for EBV positive Reed-Sternberg (R/S) cells in EBV positive Hodgkin's lymphomas. For survival and proliferation, the R/S cells require the contribution of the in vivo microenvironment Consequently, Type IIa lines could not be established from Hodgkin's lymphoma in vitro. We propose that these experimental cultures can be exploited for study of the Type IIa cells.
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| 5. |
- Rosén, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Lymphoblastoid cell line with B1 cell characteristics established from a chronic lymphocytic leukemia clone by in vitro EBV infection
- 2012
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Ingår i: Oncoimmunology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2162-4011 .- 2162-402X. ; 1:1, s. 18-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells express the receptor for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and can be infected in vitro. Infected cells do not express the growth-promoting set of EBV-encoded genes and therefore they do not yield LCLs, in most experiments. With exceptional clones, lines were obtained however. We describe a new line, HG3, established by in vitro EBV-infection from an IGHV1-2 unmutated CLL patient clone. All cells expressed EBNA-2 and LMP-1, the EBV-encoded genes pivotal for transformation. The karyotype, FISH cytogenetics and SNP-array profile of the line and the patient's ex vivo clone showed biallelic 13q14 deletions with genomic loss of DLEU7, miR15a/miR16-1, the two micro-RNAs that are deleted in 50% of CLL cases. Further features of CLL cells were: expression of CD5/CD20/CD27/CD43 and release of IgM natural antibodies reacting with oxLDL-like epitopes on apoptotic cells (cf. stereotyped subset-1). Comparison with two LCLs established from normal B cells showed 32 genes expressed at higher levels (> 2-fold). Among these were LHX2 and LILRA. These genes may play a role in the development of the disease. LHX2 expression was shown in self-renewing multipotent hematopoietic stem cells, and LILRA4 codes for a receptor for bone marrow stromal cell antigen-2 that contributes to B cell development. Twenty-four genes were expressed at lower levels, among these PARD3 that is essential for asymmetric cell division. These genes may contribute to establish precursors of CLL clones by regulation of cellular phenotype in the hematopoietic compartment. Expression of CD5/CD20/CD27/CD43 and spontaneous production of natural antibodies may identify the CLL cell as a self-renewing B1 lymphocyte.
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| 6. |
- Abbafati, Cristiana, et al.
(författare)
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- 2020
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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