| 1. |
- Burger, Gregor, et al.
(författare)
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Designing and implementing a multi-core capable integrated urban drainage modelling Toolkit : Lessons from CityDrain3
- 2016
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Ingår i: Advances in Engineering Software. - : Elsevier BV. - 0965-9978 .- 1873-5339. ; 100, s. 277-289
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Integrated urban drainage modelling combines different aspects of the urban water system into a common framework. With increasing pressures of a changing climate, urban growth and economic constraints, the need for wider spread integration is necessary in the interest of a sustainable future. Greater complexity results in greater computational burden but modelling packages will, likewise, need to be flexible enough to allow incorporation of new algorithms. With advancements in modern information technology, a parallel implementation of such a modelling toolkit is mandatory while still leaving its users the flexibility of extensions. The design and implementation of the integrated modelling framework CityDrain3 shows that it is possible to write research code that is high-performance and extensible by many research projects. Three use case scenarios are presented to showcase the application of CityDrain3. The performance advantage of parallelization (up to 40 times compared to its predecessor) and the scalability of the framework are also demonstrated.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Kleidorfer, Manfred, et al.
(författare)
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Identifiability analysis in conceptual sewer modelling
- 2012
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Ingår i: Water Science and Technology. - : IWA Publishing. - 0273-1223 .- 1996-9732. ; 66:7, s. 1467-1474
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For a sufficient calibration of an environmental model not only parameter sensitivity but also parameter identifiability is an important issue. In identifiability analysis it is possible to analyse whether changes in one parameter can be compensated by appropriate changes of the other ones within a given uncertainty range. Parameter identifiability is conditional to the information content of the calibration data and consequently conditional to a certain measurement layout (i.e. types of measurements, number and location of measurement sites, temporal resolution of measurements etc.). Hence the influence of number and location of measurement sites on the number of identifiable parameters can be investigated. In the present study identifiability analysis is applied to a conceptual model of a combined sewer system aiming to predict the combined sewer overflow emissions. Different measurement layouts are tested and it can be shown that only 13 of the most sensitive catchment areas (represented by the model parameter 'effective impervious area') can be identified when overflow measurements of the 20 highest overflows and the runoff to the waste water treatment plant are used for calibration. The main advantage of this method is very low computational costs as the number of required model runs equals the total number of model parameters. Hence, this method is a valuable tool when analysing large models with a long runtime and many parameters
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| 4. |
- Leonhardt, Günther, et al.
(författare)
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A software-based sensor for combined sewer overflows
- 2012
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Ingår i: Water Science and Technology. - : IWA Publishing. - 0273-1223 .- 1996-9732. ; 66:7, s. 1475-1482
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new methodology for online estimation of excess flow from combined sewer overflow (CSO) structures based on simulation models is presented. If sufficient flow and water level data from the sewer system is available, no rainfall data are needed to run the model. An inverse rainfall-runoff model was developed to simulate net rainfall based on flow and water level data. Excess flow at all CSO structures in a catchment can then be simulated with a rainfall-runoff model. The method is applied to a case study and results show that the inverse rainfall-runoff model can be used instead of missing rain gauges. Online operation is ensured by software providing an interface to the SCADAsystem of the operator and controlling the model. A water quality model could be included to simulate also pollutant concentrations in the excess flow
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Rauch, Isabella, et al.
(författare)
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Galanin message-associated peptide suppresses growth and the budded-to-hyphal-form transition of Candida albicans
- 2007
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Ingår i: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. - 0066-4804 .- 1098-6596. ; 51:11, s. 4167-4170
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The expression of the mRNA encoding galanin message-associated peptide (GMAP) in human keratinocytes is upregulated by lipopolysaccharides and exposure to Candida albicans. GMAP has growth-inhibiting activity against C albicans and inhibits the budded-to-hyphal-form transition, establishing GMAP as a possible new component of the innate immune system.
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| 8. |
- Rauch, Wolfgang, et al.
(författare)
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Stormwater in urban areas
- 2012
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Ingår i: Water Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0043-1354 .- 1879-2448. ; 46:20, s. 6588-6588
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Collection, storage and treatment of stormwater in urban areas has been one of the classical disciplines of sanitary and environmental engineering in the past. Waste and pollution transported by stormwater poses quantity and quality problems, is affecting public health and threatens the quality of the environment – most important surface water ecosystems. While traditional solutions have been mostly concerned with discharge and storage, quality issues gained increasing attention over the last years. Reason being both the pollution of the receiving water due to urban stormwater management and the potential use of stormwater as an alternative source of freshwater. This special issue of Water Research covers the most important issues related to management of stormwater in 26 articles. The objective is to give the reader an overview of the state of the art by presenting the most recent findings of high quality research within the new hot topics related to stormwater.The first part of this issue presents findings with relation to stormwater quality. The manuscripts deal with highway runoff, toxic substances, pathogens and priority pollutants. Results are given from monitoring campaigns (mostly from US, Europe and Australia) but also in the context of comprehensive literature reviews.The second half of the issue deals more broadly with a wider spectrum of topics. Papers are covering hydraulic aspects, filtration and clogging of stormwater facilities like swales, permeable pavement and biofilters. Another range of papers accounts for design principles of stormwater management, specifically focusing on sustainable solutions but also on the effect to pluvial flooding. Modeling, data treatment and uncertainty analysis with relation to stormwater concludes the special issue.The editors hope that by reading these papers major challenges will be visualized to the readers but also that there are promising solutions available to these challenges. We appreciate the valuable support of our colleagues who have devoted their time to review the manuscripts and thus ensure the quality of this issue. We also express sincere thanks to the staff of Water Research for their valuable editorial support.
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| 9. |
- Sun, Siao, et al.
(författare)
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A Bayesian method for missing rainfall estimation using a conceptual rainfall–runoff model
- 2017
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Ingår i: Hydrological Sciences Journal. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0262-6667 .- 2150-3435. ; 62:15, s. 2456-2468
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The estimation of missing rainfall data is an important problem for data analysis and modelling studies in hydrology. This paper develops a Bayesian method to address missing rainfall estimation from runoff measurements based on a pre-calibrated conceptual rainfall–runoff model. The Bayesian method assigns posterior probability of rainfall estimates proportional to the likelihood function of measured runoff flows and prior rainfall information, which is presented by uniform distributions in the absence of rainfall data. The likelihood function of measured runoff can be determined via the test of different residual error models in the calibration phase. The application of this method to a French urban catchment indicates that the proposed Bayesian method is able to assess missing rainfall and its uncertainty based only on runoff measurements, which provides an alternative to the reverse model for missing rainfall estimates.
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| 10. |
- Yuan, Zhiguo, et al.
(författare)
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Sweating the assets – The role of instrumentation, control and automation in urban water systems
- 2019
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Ingår i: Water Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0043-1354. ; 155, s. 381-402
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Instrumentation, control and automation (ICA) are currently applied throughout the urban water system at water treatment plants, in water distribution networks, in sewer networks, and at wastewater treatment plants. However, researchers and practitioners specialising in respective urban water sub-systems do not frequently interact, and in most cases to date the application of ICA has been achieved in silo. Here, we review start-of-the-art ICA throughout these sub-systems, and discuss the benefits achieved in terms of performance improvement, cost reduction, and more importantly, the enhanced capacity of the existing infrastructure to cope with increased service demand caused by population growth and continued urbanisation. We emphasise the importance of integrated control within each of the sub-systems, and also across the entire urban water system. System-wide ICA will have increasing importance with the growing complexity of the urban water environment in cities of the future.
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| 11. |
- Zischg, Jonatan, et al.
(författare)
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Info-Gap robustness pathway method for transitioning of urban drainage systems under deep uncertainties
- 2017
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Ingår i: Water Science and Technology. - : IWA Publishing. - 0273-1223 .- 1996-9732. ; 76:5, s. 1272-1281
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the urban water cycle, there are different ways of handling stormwater runoff. Traditional systems mainly rely on underground piped, sometimes named ‘gray’ infrastructure. New and so-called ‘green/blue’ ambitions aim for treating and conveying the runoff at the surface. Such concepts are mainly based on ground infiltration and temporal storage. In this work a methodology to create and compare different planning alternatives for stormwater handling on their pathways to a desired system state is presented. Investigations are made to assess the system performance and robustness when facing the deeply uncertain spatial and temporal developments in the future urban fabric, including impacts caused by climate change, urbanization and other disruptive events, like shifts in the network layout and interactions of ‘gray’ and ‘green/blue’ structures. With the Info-Gap robustness pathway method, three planning alternatives are evaluated to identify critical performance levels at different stages over time. This novel methodology is applied to a real case study problem where a city relocation process takes place during the upcoming decades. In this case study it is shown that hybrid systems including green infrastructures are more robust with respect to future uncertainties, compared to traditional network design.
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| 12. |
- Zischg, Jonatan, et al.
(författare)
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Transformation der Stadtentwässerung unter Berücksichtigung von „grüner“ und „blauer“ Infrastruktur
- 2017
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Ingår i: Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft. - : Springer. - 0945-358X .- 1613-7566. ; 69:3, s. 180-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neue Bestrebungen in der Siedlungswasserwirtschaft zielen darauf ab, leitungsgebundene („graue“) Wasserinfrastruktur und die damit verbundene rasche Ableitung von Niederschlagswasser zu vermeiden. Neben einer Annäherung an den natürlichen Wasserkreislauf besteht die Erwartung, dass „grün-blaue“ Konzepte flexibler und robuster hinsichtlich zukünftiger Veränderungen, wie Klimawandel oder Urbanisierung, sind. In dieser Arbeit wird ein möglicher Übergang von grauer (traditioneller) zu grün-blauer Infrastruktur anhand der Stadt Kiruna (Schweden) untersucht, in der in den nächsten Jahrzehnten eine große Stadtumwandlung bevorsteht und die Implementierung von dezentralen (grün-blauen) Entwässerungsanlagen angestrebt wird. Dabei wird die hydraulische Leistungsfähigkeit des städtischen Entwässerungssystems über die Zeit anhand von unterschiedlichen Implementierungsmaßstäben grün-blauer Infrastruktur sowie unter Berücksichtigung von zukünftigen Unsicherheiten (zufolge Klimawandel und Urbanisierung) untersucht. Im Zuge der Umwandlung werden die Systeme mit den verfolgten Strategien über die Zeit bewertet und ermöglichen dem Planer einen Vergleich der Systemvarianten und die Identifizierung von kritischen Zuständen. Zudem soll eine robuste Systemvariante ermittelt werden, welche unter einer großen Bandbreite möglicher zukünftiger Entwicklungen ihre Funktionsfähigkeit beibehält. Der entwickelte generische Ansatz stellt eine Methodik zur Beurteilung jeglicher Stadttransformationsprozesse und deren Auswirkungen auf die Wasserinfrastruktur dar (bspw. Stadtwachstum, Absiedlung, Umsiedlung etc.).
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| 13. |
- Zischg, Jonatan, et al.
(författare)
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Von grauer zu grüner Wasserinfrastruktur am Fallbeispiel Kiruna
- 2016
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Ingår i: Tagungsband Aqua Urbanica 2016. - Rigi-Kaltbad, Switzerland. ; , s. 113-118
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In dieser Arbeit wird ein möglicher Übergang von grauer (traditioneller) zu grünerInfrastruktur anhand der Stadt Kiruna (Schweden) untersucht, in der in den nächsten Jahrzehnten einegroße Stadtumwandlung bevorsteht und die Implementierung von dezentralen (grünen)Entwässerungsanlagen angestrebt wird. Dabei wird die hydraulische Leistungsfähigkeit desstädtischen Entwässerungssystems über die Zeit anhand von drei unterschiedlichenImplementierungsmaßstäben grüner Infrastruktur, sowie unter Berücksichtigung von zukünftigenUnsicherheiten (zufolge Klimawandel und Urbanisierung) untersucht. Im Zuge der Umwandlungwerden die Systeme mit den verfolgten Strategien über die Zeit bewertet und ermöglichen dem Planereinen Vergleich der Systemvarianten und die Identifizierung von kritischen Zuständen. Zudem solleine robuste Systemvariante ermittelt werden, welche unter einer großen Bandbreite möglicherzukünftiger Entwicklungen seine Funktionsfähigkeit beibehält. Der entwickelte generische Ansatzstellt eine Methodik zur Beurteilung jeglicher Stadttransformationsprozesse und deren Auswirkungenauf die Wasserinfrastruktur dar (bspw. Stadtwachstum, Absiedlung, Umsiedlung, etc.).
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