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- Cossarizza, A., et al.
(författare)
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Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (second edition)
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Journal of Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0014-2980 .- 1521-4141. ; 49:10, s. 1457-1973
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- These guidelines are a consensus work of a considerable number of members of the immunology and flow cytometry community. They provide the theory and key practical aspects of flow cytometry enabling immunologists to avoid the common errors that often undermine immunological data. Notably, there are comprehensive sections of all major immune cell types with helpful Tables detailing phenotypes in murine and human cells. The latest flow cytometry techniques and applications are also described, featuring examples of the data that can be generated and, importantly, how the data can be analysed. Furthermore, there are sections detailing tips, tricks and pitfalls to avoid, all written and peer-reviewed by leading experts in the field, making this an essential research companion.
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| 8. |
- Moore, Amy, et al.
(författare)
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Genetically Determined Height and Risk of Non-hodgkin Lymphoma
- 2020
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Oncology. - : FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. - 2234-943X. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although the evidence is not consistent, epidemiologic studies have suggested that taller adult height may be associated with an increased risk of some non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) subtypes. Height is largely determined by genetic factors, but how these genetic factors may contribute to NHL risk is unknown. We investigated the relationship between genetic determinants of height and NHL risk using data from eight genome-wide association studies (GWAS) comprising 10,629 NHL cases, including 3,857 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 2,847 follicular lymphoma (FL), 3,100 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and 825 marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) cases, and 9,505 controls of European ancestry. We evaluated genetically predicted height by constructing polygenic risk scores using 833 height-associated SNPs. We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for association between genetically determined height and the risk of four NHL subtypes in each GWAS and then used fixed-effect meta-analysis to combine subtype results across studies. We found suggestive evidence between taller genetically determined height and increased CLL risk (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.00-1.17, p = 0.049), which was slightly stronger among women (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.01-1.31, p = 0.036). No significant associations were observed with DLBCL, FL, or MZL. Our findings suggest that there may be some shared genetic factors between CLL and height, but other endogenous or environmental factors may underlie reported epidemiologic height associations with other subtypes.
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- Vybhav, G. R., et al.
(författare)
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Entrainment in dry and moist thermals
- 2022
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Ingår i: Physical Review Fluids. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 2469-990X. ; 7:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study entrainment in dry thermals in neutrally and unstably stratified ambients, and moist thermals in dry-neutrally stratified ambients using direct numerical simulations. We find, in agreement with results of Lecoanet and Jeevanjee [J. Atmos. Sci. 76, 3785 (2019)], that turbulence plays a minor role in entrainment in dry thermals in a neutral ambient for Reynolds numbers Re < 104. We then show that the net entrainment rate increases when the buoyancy of the thermals increases, either by condensation heating or because of an unstably stratified ambient. This is in contrast with the findings of Morrison et al. [J. Atmos. Sci. 78, 797 (2021)]. We also show that the role of turbulence is greater in these cases than in dry thermals and, significantly, that the combined action of condensation heating and turbulence creates intense small-scale vorticity, destroying the coherent vortex ring that is seen in dry and moist laminar thermals. These findings suggest that fully resolved simulations at Reynolds numbers significantly larger than the mixing transition Reynolds number Re = 104 are necessary to understand the role of turbulence in the entrainment in growing cumulus clouds, which consist of a series of thermals rising and decaying in succession.
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| 11. |
- Hoste, E, et al.
(författare)
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OTULIN maintains skin homeostasis by controlling keratinocyte death and stem cell identity
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 12:1, s. 5913-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OTULIN is a deubiquitinase that specifically cleaves linear ubiquitin chains. Here we demonstrate that the ablation ofOtulinselectively in keratinocytes causes inflammatory skin lesions that develop into verrucous carcinomas. Genetic deletion ofTnfr1, knockin expression of kinase-inactiveRipk1or keratinocyte-specific deletion ofFaddandMlklcompletely rescues mice with OTULIN deficiency from dermatitis and tumorigenesis, thereby identifying keratinocyte cell death as the driving force for inflammation. Single-cell RNA-sequencing comparing non-lesional and lesional skin reveals changes in epidermal stem cell identity in OTULIN-deficient keratinocytes prior to substantial immune cell infiltration. Keratinocytes lacking OTULIN display a type-1 interferon and IL-1β response signature, and genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of these cytokines partially inhibits skin inflammation. Finally, expression of a hypomorphic mutantOtulinallele, previously shown to cause OTULIN-related autoinflammatory syndrome in humans, induces a similar inflammatory phenotype, thus supporting the importance of OTULIN for restraining skin inflammation and maintaining immune homeostasis.
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- Rahaman, Hasibur, et al.
(författare)
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Improved ocean analysis for the Indian Ocean
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of operational oceanography. Publisher. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1755-876X .- 1755-8778. ; 12:1, s. 16-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) produce global ocean analyses based on the Global Ocean Data Assimilation System (GODAS). This system uses a state of the art ocean general circulation model named moduler ocean model (MOM) and the 3D-Variational (3DVar) data assimilation technique. In this study we have evaluated the INCOIS-GODAS operational analysis products with an upgrade of the physical model from MOM4p0d to MOM4p1. Two experiments were performed with same atmospheric forcing fields:(i) using MOM4p0d (GODAS_p0), and (ii) using MOM4p1 (GODAS_p1). Observed temperature and salinity profiles were assimilated in both experiments. Validation with independent observations show improvement of sea surface temperature(SST), sea surface salinity (SSS) and surface currents in the new analysis GODAS_p1 as compared to the old analysis GODAS_p0.
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| 14. |
- Singh-Bhalla, Guneeta, et al.
(författare)
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Unexpected termination switching and polarity compensation in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures
- 2018
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Ingår i: Physical Review Materials. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2475-9953. ; 2:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polar crystals composed of charged ionic planes cannot exist in nature without acquiring surface changes to balance an ever-growing dipole. The necessary changes can manifest structurally or electronically as observed in semiconductors and ferroelectric materials through screening charges and/or domain wall formation. In the case of prototypical polar complex oxides such as the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 system the nature of screening charges for different interface terminations is not symmetric. Electron accumulation is observed near the LaAlO3/TiO2-SrTiO3 interface, while the LaAlO3/SrO-SrTiO3 stack is insulating. Here, we observe evidence for an asymmetry in the surface chemical termination for nominally stoichiometric LaAlO3 films in contact with the two different surface layers of SrTiO3 crystals, TiO2 and SrO. Using several element-specific probes, we find that the surface termination of LaAlO3 remains AlO2 irrespective of the starting termination of SrTiO3 substrate surface. We use a combination of cross-plane tunneling measurements and first-principles calculations to understand the effects of this unexpected termination on band alignments and polarity compensation of LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures. An asymmetry in LaAlO3 polarity compensation and resulting electronic properties will fundamentally limit atomic level control of oxide heterostructures.
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| 15. |
- Singhal, R., et al.
(författare)
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Reynolds Stress Gradient and Vorticity Fluxes in Axisymmetric Turbulent Jet and Plume
- 2021
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Ingår i: Lect. Notes Mech. Eng.. - Singapore : Springer Nature. ; , s. 403-411
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relation between the Reynolds stress gradient and the vorticity fluxes in a turbulent shear flow has been known since the time of G. I. Taylor. With recent advances in scientific computing, this question has received a renewed attention. In this work, we present results from a well-resolved direct numerical simulation of an axisymmetric turbulent jet and plume. The simulation reproduces the self-preserving features of the two flows reported in the literature and satisfies the identity relating the Reynolds stress derivative to the vorticity fluxes, to a reasonably good degree, establishing the veracity of the simulation. The axial derivative term in the identity is shown to be negligibly small, particularly when the jet/plume is in a self-preserving state. The radial profiles of the two vorticity fluxes for the jet and plume are nearly identical, suggesting a similarity of the underlying structure. The significant result is that the vorticity flux term involving the radial vorticity and azimuthal velocity is non-zero in the core of the jet as well as plume, while it is zero in the outer region of these flows. Furthermore, this term, in the core of the flow, is equal in magnitude (but opposite in sign) to the second flux term relating azimuthal vorticity and radial velocity. Coherent vorticity in the outer region of the jet/plume is in the form of hairpin vortices whereas in the core of these flows it shows a more complex shape.
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