| 1. |
- Glasbey, JC, et al.
(författare)
-
- 2021
-
swepub:Mat__t
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Caton, Summer A., et al.
(författare)
-
Evolution of the sources of TTG and associated rocks during the Archean from in-situ 87Sr/86Sr isotope analysis of apatite by LA-MC-ICPMS
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Lithos. - : Elsevier BV. - 0024-4937 .- 1872-6143. ; 428-429
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Radiogenic isotopes provide an important means towards elucidating Archean crustal evolution. The global Hf and Nd isotope record of Archean crustal fragments has been instrumental to unveiling the history of ancient crustal growth and differentiation. The Rb-Sr system could provide valuable complementary constraints in this regard, as this system is particularly sensitive to magmatic fractionation processes, and the chemical and isotopic evolution of magma sources. Application of this system has so far been complicated, however, by its susceptibility to isotope re-equilibration or alteration of the Rb/Sr parent-daughter ratio. In-situ Sr isotope analysis of primary igneous minerals with very low Rb/Sr, such as apatite, provides a new means to determine the initial 87Sr/86Sr (87Sr/86Sri) values for igneous rocks directly. In this study, we apply in-situ Sr isotope analysis of apatite by LA-MC-ICPMS to tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) rocks and end-member sanukitoids from Archean cratons worldwide. The 87Sr/86Sri values of sanukitoids are relatively radiogenic, supporting the model in which such rocks are formed by flux melting of a mantle strongly enriched by metasomatism, possibly by slab-derived fluids. The 87Sr/86Sri values for TTGs formed between 3.72 and 3.45 Ga are generally radiogenic, indicating aged amphibolite sources. The 87Sr/86Sri values of younger TTGs are systematically lower and were derived from mafic sources that had an average age of ≤0.2 Gyr. This evolution matches with observations from Hf isotopes for TTGs of similar age and indicates a systematic change in the nature or efficiency of TTG crust formation during the Paleoarchean. In-situ Sr isotope analysis of apatite provides a useful method to uncover the Sr record of the early continental crust, and enables constraints on local source evolution and the general two-step evolutionary process of Archean crust formation.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Wallace, Megan A., et al.
(författare)
-
The discovery, distribution, and diversity of DNA viruses associated with Drosophila melanogaster in Europe
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Virus Evolution. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2057-1577. ; 7:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drosophila melanogaster is an important model for antiviral immunity in arthropods, but very few DNA viruses have been described from the family Drosophilidae. This deficiency limits our opportunity to use natural host-pathogen combinations in experimental studies, and may bias our understanding of the Drosophila virome. Here, we report fourteen DNA viruses detected in a metagenomic analysis of 6668 pool-sequenced Drosophila, sampled from forty-seven European locations between 2014 and 2016. These include three new nudiviruses, a new and divergent entomopoxvirus, a virus related to Leptopilina boulardi filamentous virus, and a virus related to Musca domestica salivary gland hypertrophy virus. We also find an endogenous genomic copy of galbut virus, a double-stranded RNA partitivirus, segregating at very low frequency. Remarkably, we find that Drosophila Vesanto virus, a small DNA virus previously described as a bidnavirus, may be composed of up to twelve segments and thus represent a new lineage of segmented DNA viruses. Two of the DNA viruses, Drosophila Kallithea nudivirus and Drosophila Vesanto virus are relatively common, found in 2 per cent or more of wild flies. The others are rare, with many likely to be represented by a single infected fly. We find that virus prevalence in Europe reflects the prevalence seen in publicly available datasets, with Drosophila Kallithea nudivirus and Drosophila Vesanto virus the only ones commonly detectable in public data from wild-caught flies and large population cages, and the other viruses being rare or absent. These analyses suggest that DNA viruses are at lower prevalence than RNA viruses in D.melanogaster, and may be less likely to persist in laboratory cultures. Our findings go some way to redressing an earlier bias toward RNA virus studies in Drosophila, and lay the foundation needed to harness the power of Drosophila as a model system for the study of DNA viruses.
|
|
| 7. |
- Arkin, Esther M., et al.
(författare)
-
Fair subgraph selection for contagion containment
- 2023
-
Ingår i: XII LATIN-AMERICAN ALGORITHMS, GRAPHS AND OPTIMIZATION SYMPOSIUM, LAGOS 2023. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. ; , s. 370-372
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a new class of problems where the goal is to select a fair subgraph H of a given graph G = (V,E), such that H decomposes into many small components. A subgraph H subset of G is (P,d) fair if every vertex v is an element of P has the same degree d in H, where P subset of V and d > 0 are input parameters. These problems arise when the goal is to allow individuals to equally participate in activities in such a way that the connected components within an interaction graph, which models potential interactions among people, are of the smallest possible size, so that the spread of the contagion, and the difficulty of contact tracing in case of infection, is minimized. Within a preference graph that models the set of preferred choices for each individual when selecting among available options of where to conduct any particular type of activity (e.g., which gym to attend), we seek to compute the fair subgraph of assignments of individuals to these options, so that the number of people in each connected component (interaction community) of the resulting subgraph is minimized, and everyone is given the same number of options for every activity. We show that the fair subgraph selection problem is NP-hard, even for very restricted versions. We then formulate the problem as an integer program, and give a polynomial time computable lower bound on the optimal solution. (C) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0)
|
|
| 8. |
- Channakeshava, Karthik, et al.
(författare)
-
IP quality of service support for soft real-time applications
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Proceedings - RTN 2005, 4th Intl. Workshop on Real-Time Networks (formerly RTLIA. - Magdeburg : Otto-von-Guericke Univ. - 3929757907
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To obtain acceptable timeliness performance for emerging large-scale distributed real-time control applications operating in large IP internetworks, a scalable quality of service (QoS) architecture is needed. In this paper, we propose a scalable QoS architecture (abbreviated as RTQoS) in support of real-time systems, one that implements real-time scheduling at end-hosts and stateless QoS in the core routers. We address challenges and explore potential benefits achieved by integrating network services with real-time systems, through the use of a network testbed. Experimental evaluation demonstrates the RTQoS architecture as a promising approach for soft real-time applications that are subject to time/utility function time constraints and utility accrual optimality criteria.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Delin, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Full-potential optical calculations of lead chalcogenides
- 1998
-
Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY. - : JOHN WILEY & SONS INC. - 0020-7608. ; 69:3, s. 349-358
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We report on ab initio calculations of the optical properties of the lead chalcogenides PbS, PbSe, and PbTe performed with a relativistic full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital method within the local density approximation. Our calculated spectra are in
|
|
| 11. |
- Elwan, H., et al.
(författare)
-
CMOS low power baseband chain for a GSM/DECT multistandard receiver
- 2002
-
Ingår i: IEE Proceedings - Circuits Devices and Systems. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET). - 1350-2409 .- 1359-7000. ; 149:06-maj, s. 337-347
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A CMOS low power baseband chain for an integrated GSM/DECT multistandard receiver is presented. The chain uses a low power class AB digitally controlled filter and variable gain amplifier blocks to provide a low power, DSP controllable design solution. The chain and the building blocks are fabricated using standard N-well CMOS technology. Measurement results indicate that the chain can operate in GSM or DECT mode with a total standby current consumption less than 1.5 mA, while providing a gain control range from -6 dB to 23 dB in 1 dB steps. The chain achieves an input referred noise less than 31 nV/rootHz and an out-of-band IIP3 of more than 30 dBm.
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
- Greaves, SA, et al.
(författare)
-
CD4+ T cells in the lungs of acute sarcoidosis patients recognize an Aspergillus nidulans epitope
- 2021
-
Ingår i: The Journal of experimental medicine. - : Rockefeller University Press. - 1540-9538 .- 0022-1007. ; 218:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Löfgren’s syndrome (LS) is an acute form of sarcoidosis characterized by a genetic association with HLA-DRB1*03 (HLA-DR3) and an accumulation of CD4+ T cells of unknown specificity in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Here, we screened related LS-specific TCRs for antigen specificity and identified a peptide derived from NAD-dependent histone deacetylase hst4 (NDPD) of Aspergillus nidulans that stimulated these CD4+ T cells in an HLA-DR3–restricted manner. Using ELISPOT analysis, a greater number of IFN-γ– and IL-2–secreting T cells in the BAL of DR3+ LS subjects compared with DR3+ control subjects was observed in response to the NDPD peptide. Finally, increased IgG antibody responses to A. nidulans NDPD were detected in the serum of DR3+ LS subjects. Thus, our findings identify a ligand for CD4+ T cells derived from the lungs of LS patients and suggest a role of A. nidulans in the etiology of LS.
|
|
| 14. |
- Grzybowski, Andrzej, et al.
(författare)
-
Endophthalmitis Prophylaxis in Cataract Surgery : Overview of Current Practice Patterns Around the World
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Current pharmaceutical design. - : BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD. - 1381-6128 .- 1873-4286. ; 23:4, s. 565-573
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Acute-onset postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery remains a rare but important cause of visual loss. There is no global consensus regarding the optimal strategies for prophylaxis of endophthalmitis and practices vary substantially around the world, especially with respect to the use of intracameral antibiotics. The European Society of Cataract & Refractive Surgeons in a randomized clinical trial (2007) reported an approximately 5-fold reduction in endophthalmitis rates associated with the use of intracameral cefuroxime. Despite this report, the use of intracameral antibiotics has not been universally adopted. Methods: Various endophthalmitis prophylaxis patterns around the world (including the United States, Canada, Australia/New Zealand, Japan, China, India, Indonesia, South Africa, Argentina, Russia, Sweden and Mexico) are compared. Each contributing author was asked to provide similar information, including endophthalmitis rates based on published studies, current practice patterns, and in some cases original survey data. Various methods were used to obtain this information, including literature reviews, expert commentary, and some new survey data not previously published. Results: Many different practice patterns were reported from around the world, specifically with respect to the use of intracameral antibiotics. Conclusion: There is no worldwide consensus regarding endophthalmitis prophylaxis with cataract surgery.
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
- Lind, Martin I., Dr, et al.
(författare)
-
Experimentally reduced insulin/IGF‐1 signaling in adulthood extends lifespan of parents and improves Darwinian fitness of their offspring
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Evolution Letters. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2056-3744. ; 3:2, s. 207-216
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Classical theory maintains that ageing evolves via energy trade-offs between reproduction and survival leading to accumulation of unrepaired cellular damage with age. In contrast, the emerging new theory postulates that ageing evolves because of deleterious late-life hyper-function of reproduction-promoting genes leading to excessive biosynthesis in late-life. The hyper-function theory uniquely predicts that optimizing nutrient-sensing molecular signaling in adulthood can simultaneously postpone ageing and increase Darwinian fitness. Here, we show that reducing evolutionarily conserved insulin/IGF-1 nutrient-sensing signaling via daf-2 RNA interference (RNAi) fulfils this prediction in Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes. Long-lived daf-2 RNAi parents showed normal fecundity as self-fertilizing hermaphrodites and improved late-life reproduction when mated to males. Remarkably, the offspring of daf-2 RNAi parents had higher Darwinian fitness across three different genotypes. Thus, reduced nutrient-sensing signaling in adulthood improves both parental longevity and offspring fitness supporting the emerging view that suboptimal gene expression in late-life lies at the heart of ageing.
|
|
| 18. |
- Lombardi, A., et al.
(författare)
-
In-situ investigation of incipient melting in a 319 type Al alloy using laser scanning confocal microscopy
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Materials Characterization. - : Elsevier. - 1044-5803 .- 1873-4189. ; 141, s. 328-337
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The modified 319 Al alloy system has been used extensively in precision sand casting of automotive powertrain applications such as engine blocks and cylinder heads, with significant improvement in vehicle fuel efficiency. However, a concern in elevated temperature processing of Al alloys, such as heat treatment and hot working processes, is incipient melting of secondary phases, which is deleterious to mechanical properties. In this study, the laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) technique was used in the analysis of in-situ changes in microstructure as a result of incipient melting. Microstructural analysis was carried out prior to and following elevated temperature exposure in the LSCM using optical microscopy, SEM and EDX. The results suggest that incipient melting of the Al-Al2Cu-Al5Mg8Cu2Si6 ternary eutectic clusters was initiated by the formation of a liquid film which propagated rapidly from the eutectic clusters, coating the Al dendrites in regions adjacent to the eutectic clusters. Following film formation, the ternary eutectic clusters melted completely. Incipient melting also resulted in a localized change in composition in the interdendritic channels as supported by a change in cluster morphology from eutectic to a combination of coarse blocky Al-Cu-Ni and Si particles, and ultra-fine eutectic.
|
|
| 19. |
- Miller, Victoria, et al.
(författare)
-
Associations of the glycaemic index and the glycaemic load with risk of type 2 diabetes in 127594 people from 20 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study
- 2024
-
Ingår i: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology. - 2213-8587 .- 2213-8595. ; 12, s. 330-338
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The association between the glycaemic index and the glycaemic load with type 2 diabetes incidence is controversial. We aimed to evaluate this association in an international cohort with diverse glycaemic index and glycaemic load diets. Methods: The PURE study is a prospective cohort study of 127 594 adults aged 35–70 years from 20 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries. Diet was assessed at baseline using country-specific validated food frequency questionnaires. The glycaemic index and the glycaemic load were estimated on the basis of the intake of seven categories of carbohydrate-containing foods. Participants were categorised into quintiles of glycaemic index and glycaemic load. The primary outcome was incident type 2 diabetes. Multivariable Cox Frailty models with random intercepts for study centre were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs). Findings: During a median follow-up of 11·8 years (IQR 9·0–13·0), 7326 (5·7%) incident cases of type 2 diabetes occurred. In multivariable adjusted analyses, a diet with a higher glycaemic index was significantly associated with a higher risk of diabetes (quintile 5 vs quintile 1; HR 1·15 [95% CI 1·03–1·29]). Participants in the highest quintile of the glycaemic load had a higher risk of incident type 2 diabetes compared with those in the lowest quintile (HR 1·21, 95% CI 1·06–1·37). The glycaemic index was more strongly associated with diabetes among individuals with a higher BMI (quintile 5 vs quintile 1; HR 1·23 [95% CI 1·08–1·41]) than those with a lower BMI (quintile 5 vs quintile 1; 1·10 [0·87–1·39]; p interaction=0·030). Interpretation: Diets with a high glycaemic index and a high glycaemic load were associated with a higher risk of incident type 2 diabetes in a multinational cohort spanning five continents. Our findings suggest that consuming low glycaemic index and low glycaemic load diets might prevent the development of type 2 diabetes. Funding: Full funding sources are listed at the end of the Article.
|
|
| 20. |
- Ravindran, A., et al.
(författare)
-
A differential CMOS current-mode variable gain amplifier with digital dB-linear gain control
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing. - 0925-1030 .- 1573-1979. ; 38:03-feb, s. 161-174
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel CMOS variable gain amplifier operating on current signals with a dB-linear gain control is presented. The gain control is achieved by multiplying a digitally synthesized exponentially varying control current signal by a differential input signal in the current domain. A current amplifier at the output sets the gain to the desired level. Current-mode operation allows for a reduced supply voltage by minimizing the voltage swing at the low impedance nodes of the circuit. Multiple circuit realizations for various blocks are presented allowing for designs meeting different constraints. Experimental realization of the variable gain amplifier shows the validity of the presented approach.
|
|
| 21. |
- Ravindran, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Compact low voltage four quadrant CMOS current multiplier
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Electronics Letters. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET). - 0013-5194 .- 1350-911X. ; 37:24, s. 1428-1429
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new compact low voltage four quadrant current mode CMOS multiplier is presented. Post layout simulation in a CMOS 0.5 mum technology shows a linearity error lower than 0.9% for signal swings up to +/- 50 muA. The Circuit operates at a supply of +/- 1.5V, has a static power dissipation of 0.6 mW and a 1 dB bandwidth of 33 MHz.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
- Ravindran, P, et al.
(författare)
-
Optical properties of monoclinic SnI2 from relativistic first-principles theory
- 1997
-
Ingår i: PHYSICAL REVIEW B-CONDENSED MATTER. - : AMER INST PHYSICS. - 0163-1829. ; 56:11, s. 6851-6861
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Within the local-density approximation, using the relativistic full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital method, the electronic structure is calculated for the anisotropic, layered material SnI2. The direct interband transitions are calculated using the fu
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
| 31. |
|
|
| 32. |
|
|
| 33. |
|
|
| 34. |
- Vidya, R., et al.
(författare)
-
Tailor-made electronic and magnetic properties in one-dimensional perovskite-like oxides
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. ; 91, s. 186404-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Full-potential density-functional calculations show that the electronic structure of one-dimensional ferrimagnetic Ca3Co2O6 varies from metal to half metal to insulator as its magnetic ordering changes from the ferrimagnetic through the ferromagnetic to the paramagnetic state. The present Letter is the first to establish the occurrence of half metallicity in one-dimensional oxides. Moreover, the electronic and magnetic properties of this material can be tuned by substitution of Y for Ca, as shown by our detailed study on Ca3–xYxCo2O6 (x = 0, 0.3, 0.75, and 1). The Co ions are in two different valence states [Co4+ (low-spin) and Co2+ (high-spin)], and hence the occurrence of charge ordering in addition to spin ordering is established. For specific Y concentrations we predict a rarely seen combination of ferromagnetic and insulating behavior.
|
|
