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  • Gupta, Shipra, et al. (author)
  • Changing pattern of prevalence, genetic diversity, and mixed infections of viruses associated with acute gastroenteritis in pediatric patients in New Delhi, India
  • 2018
  • In: Journal of Medical Virology. - : WILEY. - 0146-6615 .- 1096-9071. ; 90:3, s. 469-476
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • There are very few studies that have assessed multiple viral agents causing Acute-Gastroenteritis (AGE) in India. The present study compared the changing pattern of prevalence and genetic diversity of five enteric viruses associated with acute-diarrhea in Delhi children within a gap of 5 years. Fecal samples were collected from diarrheal children (amp;lt;4 years) during two winter seasons: year 2009-2010 (n=59) and year 2014-2015 (n=85). Samples were individually tested for rotavirus-A, norovirus, astrovirus, adenovirus, and sapovirus using EIA/RT-PCR and genetically characterized by phylogenetic analysis. Rotavirus was the most predominant (54.9%) virus followed by norovirus (25.7%), astrovirus (8.3%), and adenovirus (4.9%) with rare detection of sapovirus (0.7%). While detection rate increased for both rotavirus (49.2-58.8%) and astrovirus (5.1-10.6%), norovirus detection rate decreased (30.5-22.4%) from 2009 to 2015. During the same time period, adenovirus detection remained low (4.7-5.1%). Interestingly, mixed infections increased from 8.5% to 16.5% after 5 years. G1P[8] rotavirus strain was found most predominant (40%). Both type-1 and 8 astroviruses were detected. Single sapovirus detected was of genotype GII.1. Both GI (GI.5, GI.3) and GII (GII.1, GII.4, GII.7, GII.21, GII.13) genogroups of norovirus were detected. Of particular significance was the first detection of other NoV genotypes (besides GII.4 and GI.3) in Delhi. This is also the first report of NoV GI.5 from India. A change in prevalence pattern and increased diversity from 2009 to 2015 emphasizes the need for continued enteric virus surveillance to help measure the impact of new diarrhea vaccine(s) introduced in India.
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  • Ray, Sumit Kumar, et al. (author)
  • Modern analogue to past coseismic ground uplift in North Andaman, India
  • 2021
  • In: Catena (Cremlingen. Print). - : Elsevier. - 0341-8162 .- 1872-6887. ; 205
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Dynamics of surface geological processes, triggered by coseismic ground uplift following the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake (M-w > 9.2), provide a modern analogue for assessing the paleoseismic significance of an enigmatic subsurface peat occurrence within beach sands in the western coast of North Andaman Island. The megathrust earthquake uplifted vast stretches of coastal intertidal zones to supratidal levels. As a result, intertidal flora, including mangroves, desiccated and perished. Mass mortality of the flora continued even three years after the earthquake and generated a large volume of forest debris. Coastal waves pushed the debris to the high tide line where the accumulated debris would be gradually buried, and would subsequently transform into linear peat bodies keeping a record of the seismic event in 2004. Accordingly, we have interpreted a linear strand-parallel peat occurrence in beach sand as a record of earlier mass mortality of plants likely associated with a coseismic ground uplift. Stable isotope studies indicate that local intertidal flora is the source of the peat organic matter. Moreover, the 1817 CE calibrated mean AMS radiocarbon age of the peat suggests recurrence of a megathrust earthquake in the Andaman subduction zone about 200 years ago.
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