| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Bravo, L, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 3. |
- Thomas, HS, et al.
(författare)
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- 2019
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 4. |
- Tabiri, S, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Khatri, C, et al.
(författare)
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Outcomes after perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with proximal femoral fractures: an international cohort study
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 11:11, s. e050830-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies have demonstrated high rates of mortality in people with proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, but there is limited published data on the factors that influence mortality for clinicians to make informed treatment decisions. This study aims to report the 30-day mortality associated with perioperative infection of patients undergoing surgery for proximal femoral fractures and to examine the factors that influence mortality in a multivariate analysis.SettingProspective, international, multicentre, observational cohort study.ParticipantsPatients undergoing any operation for a proximal femoral fracture from 1 February to 30 April 2020 and with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection (either 7 days prior or 30-day postoperative).Primary outcome30-day mortality. Multivariate modelling was performed to identify factors associated with 30-day mortality.ResultsThis study reports included 1063 patients from 174 hospitals in 19 countries. Overall 30-day mortality was 29.4% (313/1063). In an adjusted model, 30-day mortality was associated with male gender (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.68 to 3.13, p<0.001), age >80 years (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.31, p=0.013), preoperative diagnosis of dementia (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.16, p=0.005), kidney disease (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.55, p=0.005) and congestive heart failure (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.48, p=0.025). Mortality at 30 days was lower in patients with a preoperative diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.6 (0.42 to 0.85), p=0.004). There was no difference in mortality in patients with an increase to delay in surgery (p=0.220) or type of anaesthetic given (p=0.787).ConclusionsPatients undergoing surgery for a proximal femoral fracture with a perioperative infection of SARS-CoV-2 have a high rate of mortality. This study would support the need for providing these patients with individualised medical and anaesthetic care, including medical optimisation before theatre. Careful preoperative counselling is needed for those with a proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, especially those in the highest risk groups.Trial registration numberNCT04323644
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Hyde, K. D., et al.
(författare)
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Global consortium for the classification of fungi and fungus-like taxa
- 2023
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Ingår i: MYCOSPHERE. - : Mushroom Research Foundation. - 2077-7000 .- 2077-7019. ; 14:1, s. 1960-2012
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Global Consortium for the Classification of Fungi and fungus-like taxa is an international initiative of more than 550 mycologists to develop an electronic structure for the classification of these organisms. The members of the Consortium originate from 55 countries/regions worldwide, from a wide range of disciplines, and include senior, mid-career and early-career mycologists and plant pathologists. The Consortium will publish a biannual update of the Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa, to act as an international scheme for other scientists. Notes on all newly published taxa at or above the level of species will be prepared and published online on the Outline of Fungi website (https://www.outlineoffungi.org/), and these will be finally published in the biannual edition of the Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa. Comments on recent important taxonomic opinions on controversial topics will be included in the biannual outline. For example, 'to promote a more stable taxonomy in Fusarium given the divergences over its generic delimitation', or 'are there too many genera in the Boletales?' and even more importantly, 'what should be done with the tremendously diverse 'dark fungal taxa?' There are undeniable differences in mycologists' perceptions and opinions regarding species classification as well as the establishment of new species. Given the pluralistic nature of fungal taxonomy and its implications for species concepts and the nature of species, this consortium aims to provide a platform to better refine and stabilise fungal classification, taking into consideration views from different parties. In the future, a confidential voting system will be set up to gauge the opinions of all mycologists in the Consortium on important topics. The results of such surveys will be presented to the International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi (ICTF) and the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi (NCF) with opinions and percentages of votes for and against. Criticisms based on scientific evidence with regards to nomenclature, classifications, and taxonomic concepts will be welcomed, and any recommendations on specific taxonomic issues will also be encouraged; however, we will encourage professionally and ethically responsible criticisms of others' work. This biannual ongoing project will provide an outlet for advances in various topics of fungal classification, nomenclature, and taxonomic concepts and lead to a community-agreed classification scheme for the fungi and fungus-like taxa. Interested parties should contact the lead author if they would like to be involved in future outlines.
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| 11. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Azevedo, Flavio, et al.
(författare)
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Social and moral psychology of COVID-19 across 69 countries
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2052-4463. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all domains of human life, including the economic and social fabric of societies. One of the central strategies for managing public health throughout the pandemic has been through persuasive messaging and collective behaviour change. To help scholars better understand the social and moral psychology behind public health behaviour, we present a dataset comprising of 51,404 individuals from 69 countries. This dataset was collected for the International Collaboration on Social & Moral Psychology of COVID-19 project (ICSMP COVID-19). This social science survey invited participants around the world to complete a series of moral and psychological measures and public health attitudes about COVID-19 during an early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (between April and June 2020). The survey included seven broad categories of questions: COVID-19 beliefs and compliance behaviours; identity and social attitudes; ideology; health and well-being; moral beliefs and motivation; personality traits; and demographic variables. We report both raw and cleaned data, along with all survey materials, data visualisations, and psychometric evaluations of key variables.
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| 15. |
- Van Bavel, Jay J., et al.
(författare)
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National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Portfolio. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic. Changing collective behaviour and supporting non-pharmaceutical interventions is an important component in mitigating virus transmission during a pandemic. In a large international collaboration (Study 1, N = 49,968 across 67 countries), we investigated self-reported factors associated with public health behaviours (e.g., spatial distancing and stricter hygiene) and endorsed public policy interventions (e.g., closing bars and restaurants) during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020). Respondents who reported identifying more strongly with their nation consistently reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies. Results were similar for representative and non-representative national samples. Study 2 (N = 42 countries) conceptually replicated the central finding using aggregate indices of national identity (obtained using the World Values Survey) and a measure of actual behaviour change during the pandemic (obtained from Google mobility reports). Higher levels of national identification prior to the pandemic predicted lower mobility during the early stage of the pandemic (r = -0.40). We discuss the potential implications of links between national identity, leadership, and public health for managing COVID-19 and future pandemics.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Ahmed, A., et al.
(författare)
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Highly efficient composite electrolyte for natural gas fed fuel cell
- 2016
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Ingår i: International journal of hydrogen energy. - : Elsevier. - 0360-3199 .- 1879-3487. ; 41:16, s. 6972-6979
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have the ability to operate with different variants of hydro carbon fuel such as biogas, natural gas, methane, ethane, syngas, methanol, ethanol, hydrogen and any other hydrogen rich gas. Utilization of these fuels in SOFC, especially the natural gas, would significantly reduce operating cost and would enhance the viability for commercialization of FC technology. In this paper, the performance of two indigenously manufactured nanocomposite electrolytes; barium and samarium doped ceria (BSDC-carbonate); and lanthanum and samarium doped ceria (co-precipitation method LSDC-carbonate) using natural gas as fuel is discussed. The nanocomposite electrolytes were synthesized using co-precipitation and wet chemical methods (here after referred to as nano electrolytes). The structure and morphology of the nano electrolytes were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The fuel cell performance (OCV) was tested at temperature (300-600 °C). The ionic conductivity of the nano electrolytes were measured by two probe DC method. The detailed composition analysis of nano electrolytes was performed with the help of Raman Spectroscopy. Electrochemical study has shown an ionic conductivity of 0.16 Scm-1 at 600 °C for BSDC-carbonate in hydrogen atmosphere, which is higher than conventional electrolytes SDC and GDC under same conditions. In this article reasonably good ionic conductivity of BSDC-carbonate, at 600 °C, has also been achieved in air atmosphere which is comparatively greater than the conventional SDC and GDC electrolytes.
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| 18. |
- Young, William J., et al.
(författare)
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Genetic analyses of the electrocardiographic QT interval and its components identify additional loci and pathways
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The QT interval is a heritable electrocardiographic measure associated with arrhythmia risk when prolonged. Here, the authors used a series of genetic analyses to identify genetic loci, pathways, therapeutic targets, and relationships with cardiovascular disease. The QT interval is an electrocardiographic measure representing the sum of ventricular depolarization and repolarization, estimated by QRS duration and JT interval, respectively. QT interval abnormalities are associated with potentially fatal ventricular arrhythmia. Using genome-wide multi-ancestry analyses (>250,000 individuals) we identify 177, 156 and 121 independent loci for QT, JT and QRS, respectively, including a male-specific X-chromosome locus. Using gene-based rare-variant methods, we identify associations with Mendelian disease genes. Enrichments are observed in established pathways for QT and JT, and previously unreported genes indicated in insulin-receptor signalling and cardiac energy metabolism. In contrast for QRS, connective tissue components and processes for cell growth and extracellular matrix interactions are significantly enriched. We demonstrate polygenic risk score associations with atrial fibrillation, conduction disease and sudden cardiac death. Prioritization of druggable genes highlight potential therapeutic targets for arrhythmia. Together, these results substantially advance our understanding of the genetic architecture of ventricular depolarization and repolarization.
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| 19. |
- Ahmed, Anisuddin, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring the effectiveness of an integrated intervention package to improve the level of infection prevention and control : a multi-centre study in Bangladesh
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Hospital Infection. - : Elsevier. - 0195-6701 .- 1532-2939. ; 145, s. 22-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Infection prevention and control (IPC) is a critical component of delivering safe, effective and high -quality healthcare services, and eliminating avoidable healthcare -associated infections (HAIs) in health facilities, predominantly in populationdense settings such as Bangladesh.Aim: Our study aimed to assess the effect of an integrated intervention package in improving the IPC level of the health facilities in Bangladesh.Methods: We conducted a pre -post intervention study in six district hospitals (DHs) and 13 Upazila Health Complexes (UHCs) in the six districts of Bangladesh. Baseline and endline assessments were conducted between March and December 2021 using the adapted World Health Organization Infection Prevention and Control Assessment Framework (WHO-IPCAF) tool. The IPCAF score, ranging from 0-800, was calculated by adding the scores of eight components, and the IPC promotion and practice level was categorized as Inadequate (0 -200), Basic (201-400), Intermediate (401-600) and Advanced (601-800). The integrated intervention package including IPC committee formation, healthcare provider training, logistics provision, necessary guidelines distribution, triage/flu corners establishment, and infrastructure development was implemented in all facilities.Results: The average IPCAF score across all the facilities showed a significant increase from 16% (95% CI: 11.5-20.65%) to 54% (95% CI: 51.4-57.1%). Overall, the IPCAF score increased by 34 percentage points (P<0.001) in DHs and 40 percentage points (P<0.001) in UHCs. Following the intervention, 12 (three DHs, nine UHCs) of 19 facilities progressed from inadequate to intermediate, and another three DHs upgraded from basic to intermediate in terms of IPC level.Conclusion: The integrated intervention package improved IPCAF score in all facilities.
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| 20. |
- Ali, A., et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Alkali Carbonates (Single, Binary, and Ternary) on Doped Ceria : A Composite Electrolyte for Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
- 2018
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 10:1, s. 806-818
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Samarium-doped ceria (SDC) carbonate has become an attractive electrolyte for fuel cells because of its remarkable ion conductivity and high performance. Different doped ceria-carbonate (single-carbonate SDC, binary-carbonate SDC, and ternary-carbonate SDC) electrolytes were synthesized by the coprecipitation/oxalate method, to optimize the electrochemical performance. The structure; morphology; and thermal, optical, and surface properties have been studied using a variety of techniques. The X-ray diffraction results confirmed the successful incorporation of samarium into ceria as a crystalline structure and inclusion of carbonate, which is amorphous in nature. To analyze the conduction mechanism, direct current conductivity was measured in a H2/O2 atmosphere. Doped ceria-binary carbonate ((Li/Na)CO3-SDC) showed the best conductivity of 0.31 S cm-1 and power density of 617 mW cm-2, at 600 °C. The enhancement in the ionic conductivity and performance of the composites is due to the contribution of hybrid ions (O2-, H+). The crystallite size of the composites was in the range 21-41 nm. For the calculation of band gaps, optical absorption spectra of the synthesized powders were analyzed, and they showed a red shift with the band gap energy in the range 2.6-3.01 eV, when compared to that of pure ceria (3.20 eV).
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| 21. |
- Hassanin, Abdallah A., et al.
(författare)
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Emergence, evolution, and vaccine production approaches of SARS-CoV-2 virus : benefits of getting vaccinated and common questions
- 2022
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Ingår i: Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. - : Elsevier. - 1319-562X. ; 29:4, s. 1981-1997
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Wuhan city, China at the end of 2019 made it urgent to identify the origin of the causal pathogen and its molecular evolution, to appropriately design an effective vaccine. This study analyzes the evolutionary background of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 or SARS-2) in accordance with its close relative SARS-CoV (SARS-1), which was emerged in 2002. A comparative genomic and proteomic study was conducted on SARS-2, SARS-1, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS), which was emerged in 2012. In silico analysis inferred the genetic variability among the tested viruses. The SARS-1 genome harbored 11 genes encoding 12 proteins, while SARS-2 genome contained only 10 genes encoding for 10 proteins. MERS genome contained 11 genes encoding 11 proteins. The analysis also revealed a slight variation in the whole genome size of SARS-2 comparing to its siblings resulting from sequential insertions and deletions (indels) throughout the viral genome particularly ORF1AB, spike, ORF10 and ORF8. The effective indels were observed in the gene encoding the spike protein that is responsible for viral attachment to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) cell receptor and initiating infection. These indels are responsible for the newly emerging COVID-19 variants αCoV, βCoV, γCoV and δCoV. Nowadays, few effective COVID-19 vaccines developed based on spike (S) glycoprotein were approved and become available worldwide. Currently available vaccines can relatively prevent the spread of COVID-19 and suppress the disease. The traditional (killed or attenuated virus vaccine and antibody-based vaccine) and innovated vaccine production technologies (RNA- and DNA-based vaccines and viral vectors) are summarized in this review. We finally highlight the most common questions related to COVID-19 disease and the benefits of getting vaccinated.
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| 22. |
- Hussain, F., et al.
(författare)
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Electrochemical investigation of multi-fuel based low temperature nano-composite anode for solid oxide fuel cell
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0378-7753 .- 1873-2755. ; 425, s. 147-152
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extensive efforts have been made in order to develop multi-fuel-based low temperature solid oxide fuel cell for direct conversion of hydrocarbons to electric power. It is extremely difficult to operate due to the C–H activation and its tremendously sluggish oxidation reduction in the low temperature range from 300 to 600 °C. The structural and electrochemical properties of novel anode material Ni 0.6 (Ba 0.3 Ce 0.2 Zn 0.5 ) 0.4 have been investigated in the presence of hydrogen, natural gas, ethanol, glucose, and sugar-cane at low temperature of 600 °C. Through sol-gel method the proposed oxide material is synthesized. The composite average crystalline size has been found 25–90 nm by both scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. The ultraviolet– visible and Fourier transform infrared techniques are used to determine band gap and absorption spectrum respectively. The power density of the cell at various fuels has been observed and measurements indicate that it varies from 57 to 315 mWcm −2 at 600 °C among different fuels at anode side. The current study reveals that proposed anode Ni 0.6 (Ba 0.3 Ce 0.2 Zn 0.5 ) 0.4 is promising multi-fuel anode material for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cell, and it does not need to reform hydrocarbon fuels in order to fully utilize the advantage of these cells.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Radner, H, et al.
(författare)
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2017 EULAR recommendations for a core data set to support observational research and clinical care in rheumatoid arthritis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Annals of the rheumatic diseases. - : BMJ. - 1468-2060 .- 0003-4967. ; 77:4, s. 476-479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Personalised medicine, new discoveries and studies on rare exposures or outcomes require large samples that are increasingly difficult for any single investigator to obtain. Collaborative work is limited by heterogeneities, both what is being collected and how it is defined. To develop a core set for data collection in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) research which (1) allows harmonisation of data collection in future observational studies, (2) acts as a common data model against which existing databases can be mapped and (3) serves as a template for standardised data collection in routine clinical practice to support generation of research-quality data. A multistep, international multistakeholder consensus process was carried out involving voting via online surveys and two face-to-face meetings. A core set of 21 items (‘what to collect’) and their instruments (‘how to collect’) was agreed: age, gender, disease duration, diagnosis of RA, body mass index, smoking, swollen/tender joints, patient/evaluator global, pain, quality of life, function, composite scores, acute phase reactants, serology, structural damage, treatment and comorbidities. The core set should facilitate collaborative research, allow for comparisons across studies and harmonise future data from clinical practice via electronic medical record systems.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Sharma-Oates, A, et al.
(författare)
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INCREASED BIOLOGICAL AGE IN MALE PARTICIPANTS OF SWEDISH AND UK RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS COHORTS IS NOT LINKED TO DISEASE
- 2022
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Ingår i: ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES. - : BMJ. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 81, s. 1177-1177
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Immunesenescence in the adaptive immune system, subsequent to thymic involution, results in compromised immunity and increased susceptibility to autoimmune disease and chronic inflammation. There are reports in the literature that immunesenescence, including thymic atrophy and telomere shortening, is accelerated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)1. What is unclear is whether RA includes accelerated biological ageing overall in addition to immune ageing which may help to explain the increased risk of age-related diseases in RA2. Recent studies have identified a set of DNA methylated sites across the genome that are highly correlated with chronological age and mortality, termed epigenetic clocks3,4 or DNAm age (DNAma), and can be used to determine an individual’s biological age.ObjectivesThe aim of our study is to determine if the biological epigenetic clocks of RA patients are accelerated.MethodsWe evaluated the Horvath3 and Hannum4 epigenetic clocks of control and RA patients using published DNAm data sets, accessions GSE42861 (EIRA, Swedish cohort of 342 RA patients and 328 non-RA controls) and E-MTAB-6988 (77 RA discordant monozygotic twins).ResultsWe did not detect significant differences between DNAma of RA and non-RA twins. Similarly, there were no significant differences between the DNAma of RA patients and controls from the Swedish EIRA cohort. However, we detected a significant acceleration in DNAma of male discordant twins, both RA and non-RA, by 5.4 years (p=3.29e-5) and 2.8 years (p=0.04) using the Hannum and Horvath clocks, respectively. Male participants, both control and RA patients, from the EIRA cohort also exhibited an accelerated DNAma, by 1.5 years (p=7.55e-5) using the Hannum clock but using the Horvath clock a significant DNAma acceleration, by 1.4 years (p=0.002) was detected in male RA patients from the EIRA cohort.ConclusionOverall, we detected a significant biological age acceleration in male participants from both RA and control groups and only found a significant difference between DNAma of Non-RA controls and RA patients for one of the epigenetic clocks. Further analysis using additional cohort data and biological clock algorithms is needed to confirm our findings.References[1]Goronzy, J.J. and Weyand CM (2001). Thymic function and peripheral T-cell homeostasis in rheumatoid arthritis. Trends Immunol. 22(5):251-5.[2]Meune C, et al. (2009) Trends in cardiovascular mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis over 50 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Rheumatol 48:1309-1313.[3]Horvath S (2013) DNA methylation age of human tissues and cell types. Genome Biol 14:R115.[4]Hannum G, et al (2013) Genome-wide Methylation Profiles Reveal Quantitative Views of Human Aging Rates. Mol Cell 49:359-367.AcknowledgementsThe study was funded by FOREUMDisclosure of InterestsNone declared
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Ali, A., et al.
(författare)
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Alkaline earth metal and samarium co-doped ceria as efficient electrolytes
- 2018
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 112:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Co-doped ceramic electrolytes M0.1Sm0.1Ce0.8O2-δ (M = Ba, Ca, Mg, and Sr) were synthesized via co-precipitation. The focus of this study was to highlight the effects of alkaline earth metals in doped ceria on the microstructure, densification, conductivity, and performance. The ionic conductivity comparisons of prepared electrolytes in the air atmosphere were studied. It has been observed that Ca0.1Sm0.1Ce0.8O2-δ shows the highest conductivity of 0.124 Scm-1 at 650 °C and a lower activation energy of 0.48 eV. The cell shows a maximum power density of 630 mW cm-2 at 650 °C using hydrogen fuel. The enhancement in conductivity and performance was due to increasing the oxygen vacancies in the ceria lattice with the increasing dopant concentration. The bandgap was calculated from UV-Vis data, which shows a red shift when compared with pure ceria. The average crystallite size is in the range of 37-49 nm. DFT was used to analyze the co-doping structure, and the calculated lattice parameter was compared with the experimental lattice parameter.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Datchi, F., et al.
(författare)
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Structure of liquid carbon dioxide at pressures up to 10 GPa
- 2016
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Ingår i: PHYSICAL REVIEW B. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2469-9950. ; 94:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The short-range structure of liquid carbon dioxide is investigated at pressures (P) up to 10 GPa and temperatures (T) from 300 to 709 K by means of x-ray diffraction experiments in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) and classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The molecular x-ray structure factor could be measured up to 90 nm(-1) thanks to the use of a multichannel collimator which filters out the large x-ray scattered signal from the diamond anvils. The experimental data show that the short-range structure of fluid CO2 is anisotropic and continuously changes from a low density to a high density form. The MD simulations are used to extract a detailed three-dimensional analysis of the short-range structure over the same P-T range as the experiment. This reveals that upon compression, a fraction of the molecules in the first-neighbor shell change orientation from the (distorted) T shape to the slipped parallel configuration, accounting for the observed structural changes. The local arrangement is found similar to that of the Pa (3) over bar solid at low density and to that of the Cmca crystal at high density. The comparison with other simple quadrupolar liquids, either diatomic (I-2) or triatomic (CS2), suggests that this structural evolution with density is a general one for these systems.
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| 31. |
- Duggal, N, et al.
(författare)
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INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF ACCELERATED IMMUNESENESCENCE IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
- 2022
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Ingår i: ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES. - : BMJ. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 81, s. 1152-1152
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Advancing age is recognised as a major risk factor for autoimmune inflammatory conditions, such as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Despite strong associations with older age we understand little of the role ageing processes play in disease pathogenesis in RA. The immune system undergoes a dramatic remodelling with age, termed immunesenescence, which contributes towards increased risk of autoimmunity1. Previous research in patients with established RA has shown certain features of immunesenescence, such as thymic atrophy and telomere shortening in T cells, at a younger age2,3.ObjectivesIn this study we aimed to determine if immunesenescence is seen in the very earliest stages of RA and therefore might be a contributor to RA pathogenesis rather than a result of the disease.MethodsWe have assessed aspects of the aged immune phenotype by immunostaining and flow cytometry4 in adults with arthralgia (n=25), undifferentiated arthritis (UA; n=41), confirmed RA of less than 3 months (n=25) and more than 3 months duration (n=78) and compared these to age and sex matched healthy controls (n=38). Nanostring methodology was used to determine gene expression changes associated with the development of RA.ResultsWe observed increased features of T and B cell immunesenescence in DMARD-naïve recently diagnosed RA patients driven by reduced naïve T cells (p<0.01) and B cells (p<0.01), increased senescent (CD28-ve, CD57+ve, KLRG1+ve) T cells (p<0.01), an increased Th17/Treg ratio (p<0.01) and increased frequency of age-associated B cells (p<0.01). With the exception of naïve T cell frequency, which was reduced in UA patients (p<0.05), these changes were not seen in the very early stages of RA, namely patients with arthralgia and UA. These data suggest that immunesenescence only occurs once disease is established. Furthermore, using nanostring we have identified several biological ageing processes (DNA damage, autophagy) associated with this state of immunesenescence in RA.ConclusionAccelerated immune ageing is an early feature of RA and biological ageing processes represent novel targets to modulate disease progression.References[1]Duggal NA, Upton JA, Phillips AC, Sapey E, Lord JM (2013) An age-related numerical and functional deficit in CD19+CD24hiCD38hi B cells is associated with an increase in systemic autoimmunity. Aging Cell 12:873-881.[2]Goronzy, J.J. and Weyand CM (2001). Thymic function and peripheral T-cell homeostasis in rheumatoid arthritis. Trends Immunol. 22(5):251-5.[3]Steer SE, Williams FMK, Kato B, Gardner JP, Norman PJ, Hall MA, Kimra M, Vaughan R, Aviv A, Spector T (2007) Reduced telomere length in rheumatoid arthritis in independent of disease activity and duration. Ann Rheum Dis 66:476-480.[4]Duggal NA, Pollock RD, Lazarus NR, Harridge S, Lord JM (2018). Major features of immunesenescence, including reduced thymic output, are ameliorated by high levels of physical activity in adulthood. Aging Cell 17:e12750Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Michaut, Magali, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic data identifies two biologically distinct subtypes of invasive lobular breast cancer.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is the second most frequently occurring histological breast cancer subtype after invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), accounting for around 10% of all breast cancers. The molecular processes that drive the development of ILC are still largely unknown. We have performed a comprehensive genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of a large ILC patient cohort and present here an integrated molecular portrait of ILC. Mutations in CDH1 and in the PI3K pathway are the most frequent molecular alterations in ILC. We identified two main subtypes of ILCs: (i) an immune related subtype with mRNA up-regulation of PD-L1, PD-1 and CTLA-4 and greater sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents in representative cell line models; (ii) a hormone related subtype, associated with Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), and gain of chromosomes 1q and 8q and loss of chromosome 11q. Using the somatic mutation rate and eIF4B protein level, we identified three groups with different clinical outcomes, including a group with extremely good prognosis. We provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular alterations driving ILC and have explored links with therapy response. This molecular characterization may help to tailor treatment of ILC through the application of specific targeted, chemo- and/or immune-therapies.
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| 34. |
- Rafique, Asia, et al.
(författare)
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Design and Modeling of a Fuel Cell System Using Biomass Feedstock as a Biofuel
- 2020
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Ingår i: Fuel Cells. - : Wiley. - 1615-6846 .- 1615-6854. ; 20:1, s. 89-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to model ceramic fuel cell system based on low-temperature planar solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) different biogases fuels from multiple biomasses, that is, animal waste, redwood, rice husk and sugar cane. Biomass is a better choice for the generation of energy globally. Therefore, there is a focus on the most available biomass resources in the country that can be used as clean energy sources. This developed model is designed by thermodynamic analysis and electrochemical calculations using MATLAB. The designed model is a lumped parameter model based on the steady-state one-dimensional flow. In this model, all calculated power and flow rate values were kept as positive values. Also, the system is considered to be free of leaks, and heat loss is neglected. The operating temperature and pressure are assumed to be 500–700 °C and the partial pressure is set at three different pressures; P1 (1 bar), P2 (2 bar), and P3 (3 bar), respectively, and fuel utilization factor is 80%. It is observed that the best performance is obtained with animal-waste based biogas at 700 °C and P3 (3 bar).
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Raza, Muhammad Ahmad, et al.
(författare)
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A New Bayesian Network-Based Generalized Weighting Scheme for the Amalgamation of Multiple Drought Indices
- 2023
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Ingår i: Complexity. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1076-2787 .- 1099-0526.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drought is one of the most multifaceted hydrologic phenomena, affecting several factors such as soil moisture, surface runoff, and significant water shortages. Therefore, monitoring and assessing drought occurrences based on a single drought index are inadequate. The current study develops a multiscalar weighted amalgamated drought index (MWADI) to amalgamate multiple drought indices. The MWADI is mainly based on the normalized average dependence posterior probabilities (ADPPs). These ADPPs are obtained from Bayesian networks (BNs)-based Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations. Results have shown that the MWADI correlates more with the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the standardized precipitation temperature index (SPTI). As proposed, the MWADI synthesizes drought characteristics of different multiscalar drought indices to reduce the uncertainty of individual drought indices and provide a comprehensive drought assessment.
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| 39. |
- Raza, Muhammad Ahmad, et al.
(författare)
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Bayesian logistic regression analysis for spatial patterns of inter-seasonal drought persistence
- 2023
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Ingår i: Geocarto International. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1010-6049 .- 1752-0762. ; 38:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drought is one of the disastrous natural hazards with complex seasonal and spatial patterns. Understanding the spatial patterns of drought and predicting the likelihood of inter-seasonal drought persistence can provide substantial operational guidelines for water resource management and agricultural production. This study examines drought persistence by identifying the spatial patterns of seasonal drought frequency and inter-seasonal drought persistence in the northeastern region of Pakistan. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) with a three-month time scale is used to examine meteorological drought. Furthermore, Bayesian logistic regression is used to calculate the probability and odds ratios of drought occurrence in the current season, given the previous season's SPI values. For instance, at Balakot station, for the summer-to-autumn season, the value of the odds ratio is significant (6.78). It shows that one unit increase in SPI of the summer season will cause a 5.78 times to increase in odds of autumn drought occurrence. The average drought frequency varies from 37.3 to 89.1%, whereas the average inter-seasonal drought persistence varies from 21.9 to 91.7% in the study region. Results indicate that some areas in the study region, like Kakul and Garhi Dupatta, are more prone to drought and vulnerable to inter-seasonal drought persistence. Furthermore, the Bayesian logistic regression results reveal a negative relationship between spring drought occurrence and winter SPI, demonstrating that the overall study region is more prone to winter-to-spring drought persistence and less vulnerable to summer-to-autumn drought persistence. Overall study has concluded that the region's seasonal drought forecast is challenging due to uncertain drought persistence patterns. However, the Bayesian logistic regression model provides more accurate and precise regional seasonal drought forecasts. The outcome of the present study provides scientific evidence to develop early warning systems and manage seasonal crops in Pakistan.
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| 40. |
- Raza, Rizwan, et al.
(författare)
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Composite electrolyte with proton conductivity for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cell
- 2015
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 107:18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present work, cost-effective nanocomposite electrolyte (Ba-SDC) oxide is developed for efficient low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LTSOFCs). Analysis has shown that dual phase conduction of O-2 (oxygen ions) and H+ (protons) plays a significant role in the development of advanced LTSOFCs. Comparatively high proton ion conductivity (0.19 s/cm) for LTSOFCs was achieved at low temperature (460°C). In this article, the ionic conduction behaviour of LTSOFCs is explained by carrying out electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. Further, the phase and structure analysis are investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. Finally, we achieved an ionic transport number of the composite electrolyte for LTSOFCs as high as 0.95 and energy and power density of 90% and 550 mW/cm2, respectively, after sintering the composite electrolyte at 800°C for 4 h, which is promising. Our current effort toward the development of an efficient, green, low-temperature solid oxide fuel cell with the incorporation of high proton conductivity composite electrolyte may open frontiers in the fields of energy and fuel cell technology.
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| 41. |
- Raza, Rizwan, et al.
(författare)
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Fuel cell technology for sustainable development in Pakistan - An over-view
- 2016
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Ingår i: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews. - : Elsevier. - 1364-0321 .- 1879-0690. ; 53, s. 450-461
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fuel cell technology holds the combination of benefits, which are barely offered by any other energy generating technology. Because the fuel used in this technology is found in abundance in nature and can also be renewed/sustained. Pakistan is blessed with renewable energy resources which are suitable for fuel cell technology. Therefore, fuel cell technology offers a great opportunity to meet the demand of energy and for the sustainable development of Pakistan. The energy research group at COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Lahore has made efforts to study the technical aspects of fuel cell technology and its commercial benefits. The research group is interested in finding ways and means of generating and storing the energy produced by using fuel cells. In this paper, the research activities on fuel cell technology in Pakistan have been reviewed and it is also discussed how this technology can resolve the current energy crises in Pakistan and can be the source of sustainable energy. It has been also reviewed that the country would greatly benefit from fuel cells and fuel cell hybrid system (environmental friendly technology), which could be the best solution for electricity production as well for automobile industry.
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| 42. |
- Raza, Rizwan, et al.
(författare)
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Low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells with bioalcohol fuels
- 2017
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Ingår i: Bioenergy Systems for the Future. - : Elsevier. - 9780081010266 - 9780081010310 ; , s. 521-539
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Energy and environmental issues become key factors for sustainable development of society and national economy. Sustainable energy targeting opportunities for economic friendly growth of a country are commonly recognized. The growing interest is focused on the renewable energy resources because of the global energy demands increasing day by day. To meet the demands, an extensive research is aimed to develop sustainable energy devices such as solar cells, rechargeable batteries, and fuel cells. In recent years, solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) among fuel-cell types has got more attention especially due to its fuel flexibility (e.g., different hydrocarbons, alcohols, and gasoline/diesel), high efficiency, and low emission. Thus, LTSOFC fed by direct bioethanol is receiving considerable attention as a clean, highly efficient for the production of both electricity and high-grade waste heat. These multifuel advantages provide the opportunities to develop an advanced SOFC system especially bioalcohol SOFC systems. This is a very dynamic area for SOFC applications with a promising future. It may create great energy savings and pollution reductions, if the bioalcohol fuel-based-technologies in these applications come into practical use.This chapter is focused on the development of LTSOFC operated by direct bioalcohol (bioethanol and biomethanol) for sustainable development. The content of this chapter is divided into three parts: (i) development of materials, (ii) characterization and analysis, (iii) demonstration of the nanocomposite materials in a bioalcohol FC, and (iv) case studies. Such bioalcohol FC research and development can enhance the use of sustainable/renewable energy for the society, and results achieved for applications have great potential to revolutionize the energy technology in an environmentally friendly and sustainable way.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Ropponen, A, et al.
(författare)
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Night Work and Sustainable Working Life-A Prospective Trajectory Analysis of Swedish Twins
- 2022
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Ingår i: International journal of environmental research and public health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601. ; 19:17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate the changes in sustainable working life over 10–13 years of follow-up and the effect of baseline night work. Data from the Swedish national registers were used to define sustainable working life. Survey data in the 1998–2003 “SALT” with 34,680 twins or in the 2004–2006 “STAGE” with 19,637 twins were utilized to assess night work at baseline. Group-based trajectory and multinomial regression models were applied. The results of the SALT cohort yielded five trajectory solutions: stable sustainable working life (40%), stable lack of sustainable working life (25%), later decreasingly sustainable working life (15%), increasingly sustainable working life (14%), and early decreasingly sustainable working life (7%). In the STAGE cohort, four trajectories were detected: stable sustainable working life (83%), decreasingly sustainable working life (7%), stable lack of sustainable working life (5%), and increasing sustainable working life (5%). Night work was associated with the decreasing or increasing sustainable working life in the trajectory groups. To conclude, the largest parts of both cohorts followed trajectories of stable sustainable working lives. Night work was associated with both the trajectories of decreasing and increasing sustainable working lives.
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| 45. |
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