| 1. |
- Bergqvist Rydén, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Preface
- 2020
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Ingår i: Interdisciplinary pedagogy in higher education : Proceedings from Lund University's Teaching and Learning Conference 2019 - Proceedings from Lund University's Teaching and Learning Conference 2019. - 9789189213401 ; , s. 5-12
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Alexandrov, Ludmil B., et al.
(författare)
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Signatures of mutational processes in human cancer
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 500:7463, s. 415-421
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- All cancers are caused by somatic mutations; however, understanding of the biological processes generating these mutations is limited. The catalogue of somatic mutations from a cancer genome bears the signatures of the mutational processes that have been operative. Here we analysed 4,938,362 mutations from 7,042 cancers and extracted more than 20 distinct mutational signatures. Some are present in many cancer types, notably a signature attributed to the APOBEC family of cytidine deaminases, whereas others are confined to a single cancer class. Certain signatures are associated with age of the patient at cancer diagnosis, known mutagenic exposures or defects in DNA maintenance, but many are of cryptic origin. In addition to these genome-wide mutational signatures, hypermutation localized to small genomic regions, 'kataegis', is found in many cancer types. The results reveal the diversity of mutational processes underlying the development of cancer, with potential implications for understanding of cancer aetiology, prevention and therapy.
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| 3. |
- Richter, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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EGFL7 Mediates BMP9-Induced Sprouting Angiogenesis of Endothelial Cells Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells
- 2019
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Ingår i: Stem Cell Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-6711. ; 12:6, s. 1250-1259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are instrumental in characterizing the molecular mechanisms of human vascular development and disease. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play a pivotal role in cardiovascular development in mice, but their importance for vascular cells derived from hESCs has not yet been fully explored. Here, we demonstrate that BMP9 promotes, via its receptor ALK1 and SMAD1/5 activation, sprouting angiogenesis of hESC-derived endothelial cells. We show that the secreted angiogenic factor epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (EGFL7) is a downstream target of BMP9-SMAD1/5-mediated signaling, and that EGFL7 promotes expansion of endothelium via interference with NOTCH signaling, activation of ERK, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of EGFL7 highlights the critical role of EGFL7 in BMP9-induced endothelial sprouting and the promotion of angiogenesis. Our study illustrates the complex role of the BMP family in orchestrating hESC vascular development and endothelial sprouting.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Arndt, D. S., et al.
(författare)
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State of the Climate in 2016
- 2017
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Ingår i: Bulletin of The American Meteorological Society - (BAMS). - 0003-0007 .- 1520-0477. ; 98:8, s. S1-S280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2016, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth's atmosphere-carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide-continued to increase and reach new record highs. The 3.5 +/- 0.1 ppm rise in global annual mean carbon dioxide from 2015 to 2016 was the largest annual increase observed in the 58-year measurement record. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration at Earth's surface surpassed 400 ppm (402.9 +/- 0.1 ppm) for the first time in the modern atmospheric measurement record and in ice core records dating back as far as 800000 years. One of the strongest El Nino events since at least 1950 dissipated in spring, and a weak La Nina evolved later in the year. Owing at least in part to the combination of El Nino conditions early in the year and a long-term upward trend, Earth's surface observed record warmth for a third consecutive year, albeit by a much slimmer margin than by which that record was set in 2015. Above Earth's surface, the annual lower troposphere temperature was record high according to all datasets analyzed, while the lower stratospheric temperature was record low according to most of the in situ and satellite datasets. Several countries, including Mexico and India, reported record high annual temperatures while many others observed near-record highs. A week-long heat wave at the end of April over the northern and eastern Indian peninsula, with temperatures surpassing 44 degrees C, contributed to a water crisis for 330 million people and to 300 fatalities. In the Arctic the 2016 land surface temperature was 2.0 degrees C above the 1981-2010 average, breaking the previous record of 2007, 2011, and 2015 by 0.8 degrees C, representing a 3.5 degrees C increase since the record began in 1900. The increasing temperatures have led to decreasing Arctic sea ice extent and thickness. On 24 March, the sea ice extent at the end of the growth season saw its lowest maximum in the 37-year satellite record, tying with 2015 at 7.2% below the 1981-2010 average. The September 2016 Arctic sea ice minimum extent tied with 2007 for the second lowest value on record, 33% lower than the 1981-2010 average. Arctic sea ice cover remains relatively young and thin, making it vulnerable to continued extensive melt. The mass of the Greenland Ice Sheet, which has the capacity to contribute similar to 7 m to sea level rise, reached a record low value. The onset of its surface melt was the second earliest, after 2012, in the 37-year satellite record. Sea surface temperature was record high at the global scale, surpassing the previous record of 2015 by about 0.01 degrees C. The global sea surface temperature trend for the 21st century-to-date of +0.162 degrees C decade(-1) is much higher than the longer term 1950-2016 trend of +0.100 degrees C decade(-1). Global annual mean sea level also reached a new record high, marking the sixth consecutive year of increase. Global annual ocean heat content saw a slight drop compared to the record high in 2015. Alpine glacier retreat continued around the globe, and preliminary data indicate that 2016 is the 37th consecutive year of negative annual mass balance. Across the Northern Hemisphere, snow cover for each month from February to June was among its four least extensive in the 47-year satellite record. Continuing a pattern below the surface, record high temperatures at 20-m depth were measured at all permafrost observatories on the North Slope of Alaska and at the Canadian observatory on northernmost Ellesmere Island. In the Antarctic, record low monthly surface pressures were broken at many stations, with the southern annular mode setting record high index values in March and June. Monthly high surface pressure records for August and November were set at several stations. During this period, record low daily and monthly sea ice extents were observed, with the November mean sea ice extent more than 5 standard deviations below the 1981-2010 average. These record low sea ice values contrast sharply with the record high values observed during 2012-14. Over the region, springtime Antarctic stratospheric ozone depletion was less severe relative to the 1991-2006 average, but ozone levels were still low compared to pre-1990 levels. Closer to the equator, 93 named tropical storms were observed during 2016, above the 1981-2010 average of 82, but fewer than the 101 storms recorded in 2015. Three basins-the North Atlantic, and eastern and western North Pacific-experienced above-normal activity in 2016. The Australian basin recorded its least active season since the beginning of the satellite era in 1970. Overall, four tropical cyclones reached the Saffir-Simpson category 5 intensity level. The strong El Nino at the beginning of the year that transitioned to a weak La Nina contributed to enhanced precipitation variability around the world. Wet conditions were observed throughout the year across southern South America, causing repeated heavy flooding in Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Wetter-than-usual conditions were also observed for eastern Europe and central Asia, alleviating the drought conditions of 2014 and 2015 in southern Russia. In the United States, California had its first wetter-than-average year since 2012, after being plagued by drought for several years. Even so, the area covered by drought in 2016 at the global scale was among the largest in the post-1950 record. For each month, at least 12% of land surfaces experienced severe drought conditions or worse, the longest such stretch in the record. In northeastern Brazil, drought conditions were observed for the fifth consecutive year, making this the longest drought on record in the region. Dry conditions were also observed in western Bolivia and Peru; it was Bolivia's worst drought in the past 25 years. In May, with abnormally warm and dry conditions already prevailing over western Canada for about a year, the human-induced Fort McMurray wildfire burned nearly 590000 hectares and became the costliest disaster in Canadian history, with $3 billion (U.S. dollars) in insured losses.
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| 7. |
- Arndt, D. S., et al.
(författare)
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STATE OF THE CLIMATE IN 2017
- 2018
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Ingår i: Bulletin of The American Meteorological Society - (BAMS). - : American Meteorological Society. - 0003-0007 .- 1520-0477. ; 99:8, s. S1-S310
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Aslan, Devrim Umut, et al.
(författare)
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Communities of Learning in Times of Student Solitude
- 2020
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Ingår i: Interdisciplinary pedagogy in higher education : Proceedings from Lund University's Teaching and Learning Conference 2019 - Proceedings from Lund University's Teaching and Learning Conference 2019. - 9789189213401 ; , s. 105-117
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Augustsson, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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The Need for Dual Openness to Change : A Longitudinal Study Evaluating the Impact of Employees' Openness to Organizational Change Content and Process on Intervention Outcomes
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Behavioral Science. - : SAGE Publications. - 0021-8863 .- 1552-6879. ; 53:3, s. 349-368
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates how individual- and group-level openness to organizational change, concerning change content and process, affects intervention outcomes. The intervention aimed to improve primary health care employees' competence in and use of information and communication technologies (ICT). Employees' (n = 1,042) ratings of their openness to the change content and process as well as of their workgroup's openness to the change content before the intervention were used to predict ICT competence and its use 18 months later. Openness to the change process predicted both ICT competence and use of competence, while openness to the change content and group openness predicted use of competence only. These results show that individual- and group-level openness to organizational change are important predictors of successful outcomes. Furthermore, employees should be open both to the content of the change and to the process by which the intervention is implemented in order to maximize outcomes.
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| 10. |
- Backlander, Gisela, et al.
(författare)
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Development and Validation of a Multi-Dimensional Measure of Activity-Based Working Behaviors
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most work on activity-based working centers on the physical environment and digital technologies enabling flexible working. While important, we believe the key components for implementing activity-based working are employee and manager behaviors. To measure the degree of enactment of activity-based work, based on workshops with experienced practitioners as well as previous literature, we have developed and validated a behavior-focused measure of activity-based working behaviors. In our initial sample (Sample 1, N = 234), three subscales were identified: task - environment crafting, workday planning, and social needs prioritization. In the replication sample (Sample 2, N = 434), this model also showed adequate fit. Moreover, task - environment crafting was related to general health and lower stress in sample 1 (multi-organization sample), but not in the single-organization sample (sample 2). Workday planning was associated with higher concentration in both samples and in the second sample with general health and work engagement; the latter was also related to social needs prioritization.
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| 11. |
- Benavides, Raquel, et al.
(författare)
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The GenTree Leaf Collection : Inter- and intraspecific leaf variation in seven forest tree species in Europe
- 2021
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Ingår i: Global Ecology and Biogeography. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1466-822X .- 1466-8238. ; 30:3, s. 590-597
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Motivation Trait variation within species can reveal plastic and/or genetic responses to environmental gradients, and may indicate where local adaptation has occurred. Here, we present a dataset of rangewide variation in leaf traits from seven of the most ecologically and economically important tree species in Europe. Sample collection and trait assessment are embedded in the GenTree project (EU-Horizon 2020), which aims at characterizing the genetic and phenotypic variability of forest tree species to optimize the management and sustainable use of forest genetic resources. Our dataset captures substantial intra- and interspecific leaf phenotypic variability, and provides valuable information for studying the relationship between ecosystem functioning and trait variability of individuals, and the response and resilience of species to environmental changes. Main types of variable contained We chose morphological and chemical characters linked to trade-offs between acquisition and conservation of resources and water use, namely specific leaf area, leaf size, carbon and nitrogen content and their ratio, and the isotopic signature of stable isotope C-13 and N-15 in leaves. Spatial location and grain We surveyed between 18 and 22 populations per species, 141 in total, across Europe. Time period Leaf sampling took place between 2016 and 2017. Major taxa and level of measurement We sampled at least 25 individuals in each population, 3,569 trees in total, and measured traits in 35,755 leaves from seven European tree species, i.e. the conifers Picea abies, Pinus pinaster and Pinus sylvestris, and the broadleaves Betula pendula, Fagus sylvatica, Populus nigra and Quercus petraea. Software format The data files are in ASCII text, tab delimited, not compressed.
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| 12. |
- Bentzen, Marte, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of Job Insecurity on Psychological Well- and Ill-Being among High Performance Coaches.
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The evaluative nature of high performance (HP) sport fosters performance expectations that can be associated with harsh scrutiny, criticism, and job insecurity. In this context, (HP) sport is described as a highly competitive, complex, and turbulent work environment. The aim of this longitudinal, quantitative study was to explore whether HP coaches' perceptions of job insecurity and job value incongruence in relation to work would predict their psychological well- and ill-being over time.METHODS: HP coaches (n = 299) responded to an electronic questionnaire at the start, middle, and end of a competitive season, designed to measure the following: job insecurity, values, psychological well-being (vitality and satisfaction with work), and psychological ill-being (exhaustion and cynicism). Structural equation model analyses were conducted using Mplus.RESULTS: Experiencing higher levels of job insecurity during the middle of the season significantly predicted an increase in coaches' psychological ill-being, and a decrease in their psychological well-being at the end of the season. However, value incongruence did not have a significant longitudinal impact.CONCLUSIONS: These findings cumulatively indicate that coaches' perceptions of job insecurity matter to their psychological health at work. Consequently, it is recommended that coaches and organizations acknowledge and discuss how to handle job security within the HP sport context.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Blom, Victoria, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Investigating the Association between Job Insecurity and Burnout : The Moderating and Mediating Role of Performance-Based Self-Esteem
- 2014
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Ingår i: Book of Proceedings, 11th Conference of the European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology. - Nottingham, UK : European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology. - 9780992878603 ; , s. 94-94
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Despite an overall agreement on the negative effects of job insecurity, more knowledge needs to be generated addressing the mechanisms of why and for whom job insecurity has these negative effects. The present study aims to investigate the mechanisms of job insecurity on burnout by studying the intervening influences of performance-based self-esteem (PBSE), an individual’s self-esteem that is contingent on good performance. The participants were 13,185 twins from the Swedish Twin Registry. In order to test two potential mechanisms, PBSE was tested as a moderator as well as a mediator of the relation between job insecurity and burnout. The results showed that job insecurity was significantly associated with burnout. Moreover, PBSE slightly moderated this association; burnout increased more during job insecurity for individuals with high PBSE than for individuals with low PBSE. PBSE also partially mediated the association between job insecurity and burnout, in that experiences of job insecurity to some extent triggered PBSE, which in turn was related to burnout. It is suggested that the rather episodic character of job insecurity and its role-changing consequences contributed to the rather modest moderating and mediating effects of PBSE.
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| 15. |
- Blom, Victoria, et al.
(författare)
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The associations between job insecurity, depressive symptoms and burnout : The role of performance-based self-esteem
- 2018
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Ingår i: Economic and Industrial Democracy. - 0143-831X .- 1461-7099. ; 39:1, s. 48-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite agreement on the negative effects of job insecurity, more knowledge needs to be generated on the health effects in terms of burnout and depressive symptoms and for whom job insecurity has these negative effects. The present study aims to investigate the associations between job insecurity and burnout and depressive symptoms respectively, by studying the moderation influences of performance-based self-esteem (PBSE), a form of contingent self-esteem. A population-based sample with 4145 twins was used. The results showed that job insecurity was significantly associated with both burnout and depressive symptoms, and that PBSE acted as a moderator, so that the associations were stronger for individuals with high PBSE than for individuals with low PBSE. The study contributes by including a personality characteristic to gain more knowledge about the mechanisms of job insecurity on mental ill-health, and by illustrating that job insecurity has an impact on severe health outcomes in terms of burnout and depressive symptoms.
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| 16. |
- Blunden, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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State of the Climate in 2012
- 2013
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Ingår i: Bulletin of The American Meteorological Society - (BAMS). - 0003-0007 .- 1520-0477. ; 94:8, s. S1-S258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For the first time in serveral years, the El Nino-Southern Oscillation did not dominate regional climate conditions around the globe. A weak La Ni a dissipated to ENSOneutral conditions by spring, and while El Nino appeared to be emerging during summer, this phase never fully developed as sea surface temperatures in the eastern conditions. Nevertheless, other large-scale climate patterns and extreme weather events impacted various regions during the year. A negative phase of the Arctic Oscillation from mid-January to early February contributed to frigid conditions in parts of northern Africa, eastern Europe, and western Asia. A lack of rain during the 2012 wet season led to the worst drought in at least the past three decades for northeastern Brazil. Central North America also experienced one of its most severe droughts on record. The Caribbean observed a very wet dry season and it was the Sahel's wettest rainy season in 50 years. Overall, the 2012 average temperature across global land and ocean surfaces ranked among the 10 warmest years on record. The global land surface temperature alone was also among the 10 warmest on record. In the upper atmosphere, the average stratospheric temperature was record or near-record cold, depending on the dataset. After a 30-year warming trend from 1970 to 1999 for global sea surface temperatures, the period 2000-12 had little further trend. This may be linked to the prevalence of La Ni a-like conditions during the 21st century. Heat content in the upper 700 m of the ocean remained near record high levels in 2012. Net increases from 2011 to 2012 were observed at 700-m to 2000-m depth and even in the abyssal ocean below. Following sharp decreases in to the effects of La Ni a, sea levels rebounded to reach records highs in 2012. The increased hydrological cycle seen in recent years continued, with more evaporation in drier locations and more precipitation in rainy areas. In a pattern that has held since 2004, salty areas of the ocean surfaces and subsurfaces were anomalously salty on average, while fresher areas were anomalously fresh. Global tropical cyclone activity during 2012 was near average, with a total of 84 storms compared with the 1981-2010 average of 89. Similar to 2010 and 2011, the North Atlantic was the only hurricane basin that experienced above-normal activity. In this basin, Sandy brought devastation to Cuba and parts of the eastern North American seaboard. All other basins experienced either near-or below-normal tropical cyclone activity. Only three tropical cyclones reached Category 5 intensity-all in Bopha became the only storm in the historical record to produce winds greater than 130 kt south of 7 N. It was also the costliest storm to affect the Philippines and killed more than 1000 residents. Minimum Arctic sea ice extent in September and Northern Hemisphere snow cover extent in June both reached new record lows. June snow cover extent is now declining at a faster rate (-17.6% per decade) than September sea ice extent (-13.0% per decade). Permafrost temperatures reached record high values in northernmost Alaska. A new melt extent record occurred on 11-12 July on the Greenland ice sheet; 97% of the ice sheet showed some form of melt, four times greater than the average melt for this time of year. The climate in Antarctica was relatively stable overall. The largest maximum sea ice extent since records begain in 1978 was observed in September 2012. In the stratosphere, warm air led to the second smallest ozone hole in the past two decades. Even so, the springtime ozone layer above Antarctica likely will not return to its early 1980s state until about 2060. Following a slight decline associated with the global 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and cement production reached a record 9.5 +/- 0.5 Pg C in 2011 and a new record of 9.7 +/- 0.5 Pg C is estimated for 2012. Atmospheric CO2 concentrations increased by 2.1 ppm in 2012, to 392.6 ppm. In spring 2012, 2 concentration exceeded 400 ppm at 7 of the 13 Arctic observation sites. Globally, other greenhouse gases including methane and nitrous oxide also continued to rise in concentration and the combined effect now represents a 32% increase in radiative forcing over a 1990 baseline. Concentrations of most ozone depleting substances continued to fall.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Bäck, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Aligning Perspectives? : Comparison of Top and Middle-Level Managers’ Views on How Organization Influences Implementation of evidence-based practice
- 2020
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Ingår i: British Journal of Social Work. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0045-3102 .- 1468-263X. ; 50:4, s. 1126-1145
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A supportive organizational context is important for successfully implementing evidence-based practice (EBP). Managers have an important role in creating organizational prerequisites for EBP. The present study compared how top- and middle-level managers describe the process of implementing EBP and the factors influencing this process. Data were collected through interviews with twenty-two managers in social services, and analysed with thematic deductive analysis based on the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and the COM-B model. Findings showed that top-level managers focused more on strategic- and system-level issues, e.g. external comparisons, dialogue with authorities and creating support systems, while the middle managers focused on the operative implementation at staff level, i.e. motivating and involving staff. Furthermore, the two groups had different understandings of EBP. To conclude, there needs to be an alignment in the understanding of, and support for, EBP between the different levels of managers. To create a mutual understanding of what EBP entails and to clearly communicate how the organization applies the different steps of the EBP process could be crucial steps in enabling the implementation of EBP, and needs to be done in dialogue between middle- and top-level managers.
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| 19. |
- Bäck, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Local politicians in action? : The relationship between perceived prerequisites and actions of political committees responsible for social services in supporting the implementation of evidence-based practice
- 2022
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Ingår i: Evidence & Policy. - 1744-2648 .- 1744-2656. ; 18:1, s. 36-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A supportive context is essential for successful implementation processes. Localpoliticians are delivery system actors who might both enable and hinder the implementation ofhealth and social policies.Aims and objectives: The study examines the relationship betweenperceived prerequisites and the type of actions taken by local political committees to support theimplementation of evidence-based practice in social services.Methods: A cross-sectional web surveytargeting the chair and vice-chair of committees responsible for social services in Sweden (n=181).The data was analysed with regression analysis, cluster analysis and ANOVA.Findings: Three clustersof action were identified (passive, neutral and active), capturing the reported actions taken by thecommittees to support implementation of EBP. The committees’ perceived prerequisites (capability,motivation, and opportunity) were highest in the active cluster and lowest in the passive cluster. Theclusters also differed regarding chair/vice-chair educational level, and type of municipality in whichthe chair/vice-chair were active.Discussions and conclusion: The variation in reported actionsamong the committees to support the implementation of EBP implies that some social serviceorganisations might lack the contextual support they need for implementing EBP. The prerequisitesfor the committees might need to be strengthened with regard to capability, motivation andopportunity. This study is an indication of the relationship between committees’ prerequisites andtheir actions in the implementation of EBP, but further research is needed.
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| 20. |
- Bäcklander, Gisela, et al.
(författare)
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Relationships of Task–Environment Fit With Office Workers’ Concentration and Team Functioning in Activity-Based Working Environments
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environment and Behavior. - : Sage Publications. - 0013-9165 .- 1552-390X. ; 54:6, s. 971-1004
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Task-Environment fit, a special case of Person-Environment fit, has been suggested as the central mechanism through which Activity-Based Working (ABW) Environments support productivity and employee wellbeing, here operationalized as team functioning and concentration troubles. We extend previous work in this space by testing the asymmetric effect (where deficient supply is worse than excess supply) usually assumed, with a new statistical approach-cubic polynomial regression-capable of such tests. The complex models gained only partial support and none for a strict congruence effect. Results are more in line with previous work on P-E fit showing that higher levels of needs met are more valuable, and with previous ABW work showing that the supply of suitable environments has the largest impact on outcomes.
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| 21. |
- Caceres, R., et al.
(författare)
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Editorial: Application of a vagal nerve stimulator in an epilepsy patient with cardiac pacemaker after post-ictal cardiac arrest
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 120:2, s. 139-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this case report we present a patient with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) showing partial complex seizures and secondary generalization, and treated with several antiepileptic drugs. After two consecutive seizures she had an episode of cardiac arrest followed by AV-block III which led to the implantation of a cardiac pacemaker. She subsequently received a vagal nerve stimulator because of poor response to epilepsy treatment. Combined treatment with two different electromagnetic stimulators raises the question of safety during surgery which is discussed.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Cristian, Coo, et al.
(författare)
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All by myself : How perceiving organizational constraints when others do not hampers work engagement
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0148-2963 .- 1873-7978. ; 36, s. 580-591
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Organizational constraints (OCs) represent work conditions that interfere with employees’ performance. Although employees share the same work environment, perceptions of OCs may vary among team members. In this study, we examined employee–teammate perceptual congruence and incongruence regarding three types of OCs (i.e., social, structural, and infrastructure) and the associated consequences for employee work engagement among health care employees from two Spanish hospitals (N = 141). Multilevel polynomial regression with response surface analyses revealed that the perceptual congruence and incongruence effects depended on the type of OCs. Congruence in perceptions was linked with greater work engagement only for social OCs. Incongruence had an effect in cases of social and structural OCs, but not infrastructure OCs: work engagement was worse when an employee rated OCs as higher (i.e., more problematic) than their teammates did. Our findings suggest that the negative effects of OCs are additionally exacerbated by perceptual incongruence with teammates and indicate the need to include social contexts in the study of work environment perceptions.
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| 24. |
- Deans, Andrew R, et al.
(författare)
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Finding Our Way through Phenotypes.
- 2015
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Ingår i: PLoS Biology. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1545-7885. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite a large and multifaceted effort to understand the vast landscape of phenotypic data, their current form inhibits productive data analysis. The lack of a community-wide, consensus-based, human- and machine-interpretable language for describing phenotypes and their genomic and environmental contexts is perhaps the most pressing scientific bottleneck to integration across many key fields in biology, including genomics, systems biology, development, medicine, evolution, ecology, and systematics. Here we survey the current phenomics landscape, including data resources and handling, and the progress that has been made to accurately capture relevant data descriptions for phenotypes. We present an example of the kind of integration across domains that computable phenotypes would enable, and we call upon the broader biology community, publishers, and relevant funding agencies to support efforts to surmount today's data barriers and facilitate analytical reproducibility.
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| 25. |
- Eldh, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Tactical avoidance of statistics? – How students choose methods in writing theses in interdisciplinary higher education programmes
- 2020
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Ingår i: Interdisciplinary pedagogy in higher education : Proceedings from Lund University's Teaching and Learning Conference 2019 - Proceedings from Lund University's Teaching and Learning Conference 2019. - 9789189213401 ; , s. 21-31
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eldh discusses the challenges in teaching quantitative methods, in this case statistics, in interdisciplinary courses with mixed methods where both qualitative and quantitative methods are taught. Despite this, most students tend to choose to use qualitative methods in their thesis research and the author researches why this is the case. Literature suggests that students often find statistics courses to be daunting and that students may lack motivation. However, the author finds that in this case the challenges have more to do with the framing of the course in the programme, the instructions from supervisors to their students and the competency of teaching staff when it comes to methods other than the ones they themselves promote. The findings and discussion highlight the importance of collegial communication and mutual understanding.
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| 26. |
- Garduño, Arlette, et al.
(författare)
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The workshop “Classroom as a contested space”
- 2020
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Ingår i: Interdisciplinary pedagogy in higher education : Proceedings from Lund University’s Teaching and Learning Conference 2019 - Proceedings from Lund University’s Teaching and Learning Conference 2019. - 9789189213401 ; , s. 118-126
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 27. |
- Goicolea, Isabel, et al.
(författare)
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Widening the scope of mental health with a 'youth centred' approach : a qualitative study involving health care professionals in Sweden’s youth clinics
- 2024
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 19:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore how health care providers at youth clinics (YCs) in Sweden engage with, focus on, and navigate across the mental health youth space, while upholding the core bedrock principle of "youth-centeredness".Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 21 health care professionals working in three YCs located in three different regions of Sweden. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis informed by the work of Braun and Clarke.Results: The three themes were: 1) "youth mission-at the core of the YCs" work and challenged by a stronger involvement in mental ill health'; 2) "YCs" unique and complementary role in the youth mental health system: a holistic perspective, team work, and a focus on normalization', and 3) "Caught between a rock and a hard place: to treat at a care level that is not optimal for the young users" needs or to refer within an unreliable system'.Conclusion: This study reflects the individuality and key features of YCs, their widening roles within the mental health sphere, and the challenges faced in maintaining and expanding the characteristic "youth-centred" approach while expanding their work with mental health
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| 28. |
- Hellgren, Johnny, et al.
(författare)
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Meta-Analysis on Job Insecurity and its Outcomes : An Extension of Previous Knowledge
- 2017
-
Ingår i: European Association for Work & Organizational Psychology 2017. May 17-20, 2017, Dublin, Ireland..
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Purpose: Job insecurity has been recognized as a predominant work stressor in work environment research for the past thirty years. Thus far, two meta-analyses have been published on the consequences of job insecurity for individual and organizational outcomes. However, these meta-analyses were published in 2002 and 2008 and contain only a few broad outcomes. Since then, the amount of published job insecurity studies have increased substantially, investigating a wider range of outcomes. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to extend previous knowledge by investigating the effects of job insecurity on a broader spectrum of outcomes than the previous meta-analyses have done.Design/Methodology: Literature searches with the search terms “job insecurity”, “job uncertainty”, “job security”, and “job security satisfaction” in relevant databases during the time period 1980─2016 resulted in 523 peer-reviewed papers published. The outcome variables were divided in to three thematic categories: work related attitudes and behaviors, mental and physical health, and life outside work.Results: The results suggest that job insecurity has a substantial and negative impact on the wide range of outcomes included.Limitations: The study cannot address the question of direction (causality) of the relationships presented and did not control for potential confounding variables.Research/Practical implications: Job insecurity is demonstrated to have strong, negative effects on organizational performance and individual health and well-being as well as for life outside work.Originality/Value: Adding to previous knowledge, this study both broadens and deepens the understanding of the negative consequences associated with job insecurity.
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| 29. |
- Henriksen, Kim, et al.
(författare)
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Dissociation of Bone Resorption and Bone Formation in Adult Mice with a Non-Functional V-ATPase in Osteoclasts Leads to Increased Bone Strength
- 2011
-
Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 6:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Osteopetrosis caused by defective acid secretion by the osteoclast, is characterized by defective bone resorption, increased osteoclast numbers, while bone formation is normal or increased. In contrast the bones are of poor quality, despite this uncoupling of formation from resorption. To shed light on the effect of uncoupling in adult mice with respect to bone strength, we transplanted irradiated three-month old normal mice with hematopoietic stem cells from control or oc/oc mice, which have defective acid secretion, and followed them for 12 to 28 weeks. Engraftment levels were assessed by flow cytometry of peripheral blood. Serum samples were collected every six weeks for measurement of bone turnover markers. At termination bones were collected for mu CT and mechanical testing. An engraftment level of 98% was obtained. From week 6 until termination bone resorption was significantly reduced, while the osteoclast number was increased when comparing oc/oc to controls. Bone formation was elevated at week 6, normalized at week 12, and reduced onwards. mu CT and mechanical analyses of femurs and vertebrae showed increased bone volume and bone strength of cortical and trabecular bone. In conclusion, these data show that attenuation of acid secretion in adult mice leads to uncoupling and improves bone strength.
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| 30. |
- Hilbert, Kevin, et al.
(författare)
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Cortical and Subcortical Brain Alterations in Specific Phobia and Its Animal and Blood-Injection-Injury Subtypes: A Mega-Analysis From the ENIGMA Anxiety Working Group.
- 2024
-
Ingår i: The American Journal of Psychiatry. - 1535-7228. ; 181:8, s. 728-740
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Specific phobia is a common anxiety disorder, but the literature on associated brain structure alterations exhibits substantial gaps. The ENIGMA Anxiety Working Group examined brain structure differences between individuals with specific phobias and healthy control subjects as well as between the animal and blood-injection-injury (BII) subtypes of specific phobia. Additionally, the authors investigated associations of brain structure with symptom severity and age (youths vs. adults).Data sets from 31 original studies were combined to create a final sample with 1,452 participants with phobia and 2,991 healthy participants (62.7% female; ages 5-90). Imaging processing and quality control were performed using established ENIGMA protocols. Subcortical volumes as well as cortical surface area and thickness were examined in a preregistered analysis.Compared with the healthy control group, the phobia group showed mostly smaller subcortical volumes, mixed surface differences, and larger cortical thickness across a substantial number of regions. The phobia subgroups also showed differences, including, as hypothesized, larger medial orbitofrontal cortex thickness in BII phobia (N=182) compared with animal phobia (N=739). All findings were driven by adult participants; no significant results were observed in children and adolescents.Brain alterations associated with specific phobia exceeded those of other anxiety disorders in comparable analyses in extent and effect size and were not limited to reductions in brain structure. Moreover, phenomenological differences between phobia subgroups were reflected in diverging neural underpinnings, including brain areas related to fear processing and higher cognitive processes. The findings implicate brain structure alterations in specific phobia, although subcortical alterations in particular may also relate to broader internalizing psychopathology.
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| 31. |
-
Interdisciplinary pedagogy in higher education : Proceedings from Lund University's Teaching and Learning Conference 2019
- 2020
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is the proceedings volume from the 7th biannual Teaching and Learning Conference at Lund University. The conference theme, Interdisciplinary pedagogy in higher education, is very timely as we see a steady increase, not only in interdisciplinary research and full teaching programmes, but also in new interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary courses and components in more traditional disciplinary education at Lund University. The conference highlighted some of the many challenges and opportunities of interdisciplinary education where educators meet students with different disciplinary, cultural and geographical profiles. In this volume, the authors share the thoughts, experiences and learning they presented at the conference.
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| 32. |
- Korlen, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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The development and validation of a scale to explore staff experience of governance of economic efficiency and quality (GOV-EQ) of health care
- 2018
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Ingår i: BMC Health Services Research. - : BMC. - 1472-6963. ; 18
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundIn publicly funded health care systems, governance models are developed to push public service providers to use tax payers' money more efficiently and maintain a high quality of service. Although this implies change in staff behaviors, evaluation studies commonly focus on organizational outputs. Unintended consequences for staff have been observed in case studies, but theoretical and methodological development is necessary to enable studies of staff experience in larger populations across various settings. The aim of the study is to develop a self-assessment scale of staff experience of the governance of economic efficiency and quality of health care and to assess its psychometric properties.MethodsFactors relevant to staff members' experience of economic efficiency and quality requirements of health care were identified in the literature and through interviews with practitioners, and then compared to a theoretical model of behavior change. Relevant experiences were developed into sub-factors and items. The scale was tested in collaboration with the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine at a university hospital. 93 staff members participated. The scale's psychometric properties were assessed using exploratory factor analysis, analysis of internal consistency and criterion-related validity.ResultsThe analysis revealed an eight factor structure (including sub-factors knowledge and awareness, opportunity to influence, motivation, impact on professional autonomy and organizational alignment), and items showed strong factor loadings and high internal consistency within sub-factors. Sub-factors were interrelated and contributed to the prediction of impact on clinical behavior (criterion).ConclusionsThe scale clearly distinguishes between various experiences regarding economic efficiency and quality requirements among health care staff, and shows satisfactory psychometric quality. The scale has broad applications for research and practice, as it serves as a tool for capturing staff members' perspectives when evaluating and improving health care governance. The scale could also be useful for understanding the underlying processes of changes in provider performance and for adapting management strategies to engage staff in driving change that contributes to increased economic efficiency and quality, for the benefit of health care systems, patients and staff.
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| 33. |
- Lindfors, Petra, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Job Insecurity, Job Autonomy, and Sickness Presenteeism Among Faculty in Swedish Higher Education : Investigating Burnout as a Mediator
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Book of Proceedings. - : European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology. - 9780992878672 ; , s. 524-525
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Sickness presenteeism, or presenteeism, refers to working while ill, instead of being on sick leave. Presenteeism is associated with adverse health including poor self-rated health, depression, and future health adversity. Moreover, factors of the psychosocial work environment, including demands, have be related to presenteeism. Work in higher education is increasingly characterized by high demands such as job insecurity. This may lead faculty to work longer and harder, in efforts to keep the job. This may, in turn, be associated with greater presenteeism. Conversely, resources, including autonomy are related to employee health. Work in higher education is often characterized by high autonomy. This may, in turn, be associated with lower presenteeism. Job insecurity and autonomy may have direct relationships to presenteeism. However, the relationships between demands and resources and health behaviours such as presenteeism may be mediated through a process of health impairment, namely burnout. This study aimed to investigate if and how job insecurity (a demand) and autonomy (a resource) are associated with sickness presenteeism, and whether burnout mediated the relationship, among faculty in Swedish academia. Specifically, four hypotheses were tested: 1) job insecurity is positively associated with presenteeism, 2) autonomy is negatively associated with presenteeism, 3) the relationship between job insecurity and presenteeism is mediated by burnout: job insecurity has a positive relationship with burnout, and burnout has a positive relationship with presenteeism, and 4) the relationship between autonomy and presenteeism is mediated by burnout: autonomy has a negative relationship with burnout, and burnout has a positive association with presenteeism.Method: Self-reports of quantitative job insecurity, autonomy, burnout, and presenteeism were collected via online questionnaires. The analytic sample included 1899 individuals (55% women; mean age: 48 years), with a doctoral degree, working in Swedish higher education institutions. Structural equation modelling was performed to test the hypotheses. Direct and indirect effects were tested separately in two models.Results: The first direct effects model showed that increasing job insecurity was associated with increasing presenteeism, thus confirming hypothesis 1. Moreover, increasing autonomy was associated with decreasing presenteeism which confirmed hypothesis 2. The second model, testing burnout as a mediator, provided support for hypothesis 3, showing that job insecurity had a positive, indirect effect on presenteeism via burnout. Finally, burnout was found to mediate the relationship between autonomy and presenteeism so that autonomy had a negative effect on presenteeism via burnout, which confirmed hypothesis 4. Overall, the indirect model fit the data better and explained 24 percent of the variance in burnout and 6 percent of the variance in presenteeism.Conclusion: This cross-sectional study suggests that faculty in Swedish academia facing job insecurity may experience increasing burnout and increasing presenteeism. Importantly, however, autonomy seems a beneficial resource. This is important given any future implications for the work ability of faculty who work when ill.
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| 34. |
- Lindfors, Petra, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Psychosocial working conditions and recovery among women and men : findings from two study cohorts in higher education
- 2023
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine. ; , s. 58-58
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Previous studies of social workers suggest that psychosocial working conditions and social position may interfere with both short-term and long-term recovery. But it is unclear whether this holds for individuals who work in higher education, a particularly knowledge-intensive sector of the labor market.Purpose: This study investigates how employment (contract type) and psychosocial working conditions (effort and reward) relate to different aspects of recovery among women and men. Specifically, three aspects of recovery were included: recovery 1) in the morning, 2) after a weekend, and 3) after a longer holiday.Method: Self-reports in questionnaires were collected in 2016 (n: 920 women/717 men) and 2021 (n: 1290 women/1416 men) from two different study cohorts in Swedish academia.Results: There were no significant relationships between contract and recovery. Higher effort was consistently associated with all aspects of recovery among both women men in the two study cohorts. Higher reward was associated with better recovery across cohorts, for both women and men. However, findings for reward were less consistent in 2016 (women: promotion; men: esteem).Conclusions: Among the highly educated, contract type has no important role, which may relate to most individuals having a permanent employment contract. Psychosocial working conditions were associated with all aspects of recovery, with associations seeming more consistent in 2021, which may relate to the better representativity of this cohort. Overall, the findings underscore the importance of providing sustainable psychosocial working conditions that allow recovery opportunities for both women and men working in higher education.
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| 35. |
- Lundmark, Robert, et al.
(författare)
-
Alignment in implementation of evidence-based interventions : a scoping review
- 2021
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Ingår i: Implementation Science. - : BioMed Central. - 1748-5908. ; 16:1
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Alignment (i.e., the process of creating fit between elements of the inner and outer context of an organization or system) in conjunction with implementation of an evidence-based intervention (EBI) has been identified as important for implementation outcomes. However, research evidence has so far not been systematically summarized. The aim of this scoping review is therefore to create an overview of how the concept of alignment has been applied in the EBI implementation literature to provide a starting point for future implementation efforts in health care.Methods: We searched for peer-reviewed English language articles in four databases (MEDLINE, Cinahl, Embase, and Web of Science) published between 2003 and 2019. Extracted data were analyzed to address the study aims. A qualitative content analysis was carried out for items with more extensive information. The review was reported according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses extension for scoping review (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines.Results: The database searches yielded 3629 publications, of which 235 were considered potentially relevant based on the predetermined eligibility criteria, and retrieved in full text. In this review, the results of 53 studies are presented. Different definitions and conceptualizations of alignment were found, which in general could be categorized as structural, as well as social, types of alignments. Whereas the majority of studies viewed alignment as important to understand the implementation process, only a few studies actually assessed alignment. Outcomes of alignment were focused on either EBI implementation, EBI sustainment, or healthcare procedures. Different actors were identified as important for creating alignment and five overall strategies were found for achieving alignment.Conclusions: Although investigating alignment has not been the primary focus of studies focusing on EBI implementation, it has still been identified as an important factor for the implementation success. Based on the findings from this review, future research should incorporate alignment and put a stronger emphasize on testing the effectiveness of alignment related to implementation outcomes.
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| 36. |
- Lundmark, Robert, et al.
(författare)
-
Consequences of Managers’ Laissez-faire Leadership During Organizational Restructuring
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Change Management. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1469-7017 .- 1479-1811. ; 22:1, s. 40-58
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study draws upon conservation of resources theory to investigate if laissez-faire leadership influences employees’ perceptions of role clarity, and two forms of well-being (job satisfaction and work-related burnout), in the context of organizational restructuring. Moreover, role clarity is studied as a mechanism linking laissez-faire leadership to employee well-being. These relationships were tested using a three-wave time-lagged investigation conducted over a two-year period with a sample of 601 employees working in the Swedish process industry. The results of the structural equation modelling analyses showed that laissez-faire leadership was negatively related to role clarity 9 months later. In turn, role clarity mediated the relationship between laissez-faire leadership and employee well-being. This study contributes to the understanding of how laissez-faire leadership in the context of organizational restructuring may affect employee outcomes. We discuss implications for theories and practices, as well as directions for future research.MAD statement: The majority of research on leadership during organizational restructuring has focused on positive outcomes of constructive forms of change leadership. However, other forms of leadership, such as laissez-faire leadership, may also play a crucial role for employee outcomes when implementing change. This study is to our knowledge the first to focus on the relationship between laissez-faire leadership and employee well-being in the context of organizational restructuring. We suggest that organizations work actively to include knowledge on this form of leadership in change-leadership training. We also suggest monitoring work-groups’ perceptions of role clarity (as a mechanism directly affected by laissez-fair leadership) during restructuring so that measures can be taken to facilitate transitions when needed.
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| 37. |
- Låstad, Lena, et al.
(författare)
-
30 års forskning om anställningsotrygghet : En litteraturöversikt
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Arbetsmarknad & Arbetsliv. - Karlstad : Karlstads universitet. - 1400-9692 .- 2002-343X. ; 22:3/4, s. 8-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anställningsotrygghet – en oro för att mot sin vilja förlora jobbet – är något som de flesta anställda idag upplever under sina yrkesliv. Den beteendevetenskapliga forskningen inom detta område har skjutit fart sedan millennieskiftet, vilket motiverar behovet av en uppdaterad litteraturöversikt. Översikten omfattar prediktorer och konsekvenser av anställningsotrygghet samt vilka faktorer som har identifierats som viktiga när det gäller att mildra anställningsotrygghetens konsekvenser.
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| 38. |
- Låstad, Lena, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Anställningsotrygghet och prestation : resultat från en meta-analys
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Konferensbok FALF 14–16 juni 2021. - : Mälardalens högskola. ; , s. 88-88
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bakgrund: Anställningsotrygghet, det vill säga en oro för att mot den egna viljan förlora jobbet, har visatsig vara kopplat till olika prestationsrelaterade utfall. Antalet studier är dock få med resultatsom pekar åt delvis olika håll. Därför är det angeläget att försöka sammanställa tidigareforskning på ett systematiskt sätt genom en meta-analys.Syfte: Den här studien syftade till att undersöka hur anställningsotrygghet hänger samman med olikaaspekter av prestation i arbetet, däribland arbetsprestation och medarbetarbeteenden. I detingick också att undersöka faktorer som kan påverka dessa samband, såsom metodrelateradefaktorer samt kontextuella faktorer som speglar vilken typ av välfärdssystem en studiegenomförts i.Metod: En meta-analys genomfördes på primärstudier som identifierades genom systematisklitteratursökning i för området relevanta databaserResultat: Över lag visar resultaten att anställningsotrygghet hänger samman med försämrad prestation iarbetet. Resultaten är jämförbara oberoende av om studiedesignen var tvärsnittlig ellerlongitudinell. Sambandet mellan hög anställningsotrygghet och försämrad prestation framstårsom svagare i välfärdssystem som är förenade med en högre grad av skyddsnät för den enskildaindividen. Även om merparten av resultaten visar på entydiga samband mellananställningsotrygghet och försämrad prestation behövs dock forskning som inkluderar mer avlongitudinella studier i olika välfärdskontexter för att ytterligare klargöra sambandens karaktär.
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| 39. |
- Låstad, Lena, et al.
(författare)
-
Do the Consequences of Job Insecurity Differ between Cultural and Welfare Contexts? Meta-Analytic Findings
- 2017
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Purpose: A rapidly growing body of literature has shown that perceptions of job insecurity are related to negative outcomes, but less is known about the relative importance of different societal contexts. It has for instance been argued that the consequences of job insecurity may be more negative in countries that have a high level of social protection, because of the social stigma of unemployment. On the other hand, the lack of unemployment insurance programs may aggravate the negative consequences. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate if work- and health-related consequences of job insecurity vary between cultural and welfare contexts.Design/Methodology: A literature search with the search terms “job insecurity”, “job uncertainty”, “job security”, and “job security satisfaction” in Psycinfo, Web of Science, and EBSCO produced a sample of 523 peer-reviewed papers published between 1980 and July 2016. Economic and social development, national welfare system, and tolerance for ambiguity were tested as moderators in the relationship between job insecurity and outcomes.Results: The results indicate that the magnitudes of effects of job insecurity differ depending on the choice of classification system.Limitations: The literature search was limited to published, peer-reviewed papers. This demarcation may have introduced a publication bias to the study.Research/Practical implications: In addition to being an important individual and organizational concern, job insecurity is also intimately linked with societal level factors.Originality/Value: This study contributes to an increased understanding of the importance of macro-level factors in the association between job insecurity and outcomes.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 43. |
- Mosson, Rebecca, et al.
(författare)
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Self-other agreement of leadership : A longitudinal study exploring the influence of a leadership intervention on agreement
- 2018
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Workplace Health Management. - : EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD. - 1753-8351 .- 1753-836X. ; 11:4, s. 245-259
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose A common component in leadership interventions is the provision of feedback on leadership behaviors. The assumption is that, when there is a discrepancy in this feedback between managers' and others' ratings of leadership, this will increase managers' self-awareness and motivate them to close this gap. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how agreement between managers and their subordinates changes over time as a result of a leadership intervention. Design/methodology/approach Questionnaire data were collected from line managers (N=18) and their subordinates (N=640) at pre-intervention, post-intervention and at a six-month follow-up. The managers participated in a leadership intervention that aimed to increase their knowledge and skills related to the leadership behaviors described in the Full-Range Leadership Model. Inter-rater agreement and reliability were calculated to justify aggregating the subordinates' ratings. The managers and their subordinates were grouped according to three agreement categories: in agreement, managers' over-rating and managers' under-rating based on the managers' views of their leader behaviors in relation to their subordinates'. Findings Manager-subordinate agreement on the managers' leadership increased between pre-intervention and post-intervention but then decreased at the six-month follow-up (17, 61 and 44 percent, respectively). Most managers (n=15) changed agreement categories over time, and only three managers remained in the same agreement category throughout. The subordinates' mean leadership ratings changed more than the managers' mean ratings. Originality/value This is the first study to explore how manager-subordinate agreement changes when managers participate in a leadership intervention in a health care context. It shows that an intervention that includes upward feedback, by which managers self-rating of their leadership is compared with their subordinates' ratings, can be an effective way to increase agreement.
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| 44. |
- Mosson, Rebecca, et al.
(författare)
-
The Impact of Inner and Outer Context on Line Managers’ Implementation Leadership
- 2018
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Social Work. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0045-3102 .- 1468-263X. ; 48:5, s. 1447-1468
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Line managers have an important role in leading implementation of evidence-based practice (EBP). In this task, they are highly influenced by their context. However, little is known about how contextual factors impact managers’ implementation leadership. The aim of the present study is to explore how contextual factors influence line managers’ leadership when implementing EBP. Twenty-eight semi-structured interviews were performed with line managers in social care. A hybrid thematic analysis was carried out. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research Framework (CFIR) was used to guide the deductive analysis approach. Findings showed that contextual factors in all of CFIR’s inner setting constructs and in two constructs of the outer-setting domain (Cosmopolitanism and External resources and funding) had a high practical impact on managers’ implementation leadership. However, many of the contextual factors were either not offered to or did not actually reach the managers, which means that they had a limited impact in practice. Moreover, several factors only had a positive practical impact in interaction with other factors, rather than independently. Future research should systematically consider interactions between contextual factors. Identifying factors that have a potential impact in practice may help inform support initiatives to aid managers in developing their implementation leadership.
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| 45. |
- Näswall, Katharina, et al.
(författare)
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Job Insecurity and Mental Health Complaints over Time : A Growth Curve Modelling Approach
- 2011
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Ingår i: IOP 2011 Conference Proceedings. - 9780909881504 ; , s. 6-10
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present study focuses specifically on how change in job insecurity relates to change in mental health complaints. This is done using growth curve modelling, allowing for the analysis of both intra- and inter- individual variation. Data from a questionnaire study on 282 employees in a Swedish organisation, collected over four waves, is used. The results showed that there was inter-individual variation in initial levels of both job insecurity and mental health complaints, but that the growth trajectories did not vary significantly between individuals. In addition, it was found that higher job insecurity levels were related to higher levels of mental health complaints, but also that higher initial levels of mental health complaints were related to a larger increase in job insecurity over the course of the study, suggesting that the direction of the relationship may be the reverse to what has been identified in previous studies.
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| 46. |
- Näswall, Katharina, et al.
(författare)
-
Job insecurity from a gender perspective : Data collection and psychometric properties
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objective of this report is to describe the data collection in the project "Job insecurity from a gender perspective", and to document the measurement properties of the scales used in the questionnaire. The data collection process is described, as well as response rates and sample characteristics for all four time points.
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| 47. |
- Näswall, Katharina, et al.
(författare)
-
The salaried employee in the modern working life: Threats and challenges. : Technical report on the sample, data collection, and measurement properties of the instruments.
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present report presents data collected within a project focusing on salaried employees, among whom we have witnessed profound changes both in the conditions under which work is carried out and in the reported frequencies of psychological health complaints. The aim has been to capture traditional and new demands that have previously not been the focus of empirical studies, as well as to investigate what factors related to attitudes, behavior, and well-being among salaried workers. The project has consisted in a longitudinal data collection among white-collar workers in four Swedish organizations. Documentation on the procedure, samples, and questionnaire items is presented in the present technical report, along with measurement properties and descriptive statistics at both time points for the scales used. The results indicate that the measures are for the most part satisfactory, and the report provides a solid basis for future research on the data collected in this project.
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| 48. |
- Opgenoorth, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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The GenTree Platform : growth traits and tree-level environmental data in 12 European forest tree species
- 2021
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Ingår i: GigaScience. - : Oxford University Press. - 2047-217X. ; 10:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Progress in the field of evolutionary forest ecology has been hampered by the huge challenge of phenotyping trees across their ranges in their natural environments, and the limitation in high-resolution environmental information.Findings: The GenTree Platform contains phenotypic and environmental data from 4,959 trees from 12 ecologically and economically important European forest tree species: Abies alba Mill. (silver fir), Betula pendula Roth. (silver birch), Fagus sylvatica L. (European beech), Picea abies (L.) H. Karst (Norway spruce), Pinus cembra L. (Swiss stone pine), Pinus halepensis Mill. (Aleppo pine), Pinus nigra Arnold (European black pine), Pinus pinaster Aiton (maritime pine), Pinus sylvestris L. (Scots pine), Populus nigra L. (European black poplar), Taxus baccata L. (English yew), and Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. (sessile oak). Phenotypic (height, diameter at breast height, crown size, bark thickness, biomass, straightness, forking, branch angle, fructification), regeneration, environmental in situ measurements (soil depth, vegetation cover, competition indices), and environmental modeling data extracted by using bilinear interpolation accounting for surrounding conditions of each tree (precipitation, temperature, insolation, drought indices) were obtained from trees in 194 sites covering the species' geographic ranges and reflecting local environmental gradients.Conclusion: The GenTree Platform is a new resource for investigating ecological and evolutionary processes in forest trees. The coherent phenotyping and environmental characterization across 12 species in their European ranges allow for a wide range of analyses from forest ecologists, conservationists, and macro-ecologists. Also, the data here presented can be linked to the GenTree Dendroecological collection, the GenTree Leaf Trait collection, and the GenTree Genomic collection presented elsewhere, which together build the largest evolutionary forest ecology data collection available.
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| 49. |
- Quentin, Audrey G, et al.
(författare)
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Non-structural carbohydrates in woody plants compared among laboratories.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Tree physiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1758-4469 .- 0829-318X. ; 35:11, s. 1146-1165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) in plant tissue are frequently quantified to make inferences about plant responses to environmental conditions. Laboratories publishing estimates of NSC of woody plants use many different methods to evaluate NSC. We asked whether NSC estimates in the recent literature could be quantitatively compared among studies. We also asked whether any differences among laboratories were related to the extraction and quantification methods used to determine starch and sugar concentrations. These questions were addressed by sending sub-samples collected from five woody plant tissues, which varied in NSC content and chemical composition, to 29 laboratories. Each laboratory analyzed the samples with their laboratory-specific protocols, based on recent publications, to determine concentrations of soluble sugars, starch and their sum, total NSC. Laboratory estimates differed substantially for all samples. For example, estimates for Eucalyptus globulus leaves (EGL) varied from 23 to 116 (mean = 56) mg g(-1) for soluble sugars, 6-533 (mean = 94) mg g(-1) for starch and 53-649 (mean = 153) mg g(-1) for total NSC. Mixed model analysis of variance showed that much of the variability among laboratories was unrelated to the categories we used for extraction and quantification methods (method category R(2) = 0.05-0.12 for soluble sugars, 0.10-0.33 for starch and 0.01-0.09 for total NSC). For EGL, the difference between the highest and lowest least squares means for categories in the mixed model analysis was 33 mg g(-1) for total NSC, compared with the range of laboratory estimates of 596 mg g(-1). Laboratories were reasonably consistent in their ranks of estimates among tissues for starch (r = 0.41-0.91), but less so for total NSC (r = 0.45-0.84) and soluble sugars (r = 0.11-0.83). Our results show that NSC estimates for woody plant tissues cannot be compared among laboratories. The relative changes in NSC between treatments measured within a laboratory may be comparable within and between laboratories, especially for starch. To obtain comparable NSC estimates, we suggest that users can either adopt the reference method given in this publication, or report estimates for a portion of samples using the reference method, and report estimates for a standard reference material. Researchers interested in NSC estimates should work to identify and adopt standard methods.
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- Richter, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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A multilevel approach to understanding job demands and resources in healthcare
- 2021
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Ingår i: Gendered Norms at Work. - Cham : Springer. ; , s. 63-82
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Healthcare is one of the sectors where gender segregation is most visible, with approximately 93% of all employees being women. Over the last decades, it has been shown that women are more frequently and longer on sick leave, as well as report higher work-related stress. This situation threatens sustainable employability in healthcare: The extent to which employees are able to work in a productive, motivated, and healthy way. In this chapter, we argue that the main reason why women in healthcare suffer increased ill health compared to men are the working conditions, that is, job demands and resources present in the environment that they share. We claim, therefore, that it is vital to study these workplace factors at a work unit level. In this chapter we discuss theoretical, methodological, and practical implications of the multilevel approach to investigating workplace factors. We outline the pattern of job demands and resources that build the working conditions in healthcare and we link them with employee productivity, health, and well-being as indicators of sustainable employability. Finally, we provide suggestions for interventions in healthcare that target distinct levels of organizational life.
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