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- Cumming, Graeme S., et al.
(författare)
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Research priorities for the sustainability of coral-rich western Pacific seascapes
- 2023
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Ingår i: Regional Environmental Change. - 1436-3798 .- 1436-378X. ; 23:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nearly a billion people depend on tropical seascapes. The need to ensure sustainable use of these vital areas is recognised, as one of 17 policy commitments made by world leaders, in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 14 (‘Life below Water’) of the United Nations. SDG 14 seeks to secure marine sustainability by 2030. In a time of increasing social-ecological unpredictability and risk, scientists and policymakers working towards SDG 14 in the Asia–Pacific region need to know: (1) How are seascapes changing? (2) What can global society do about these changes? and (3) How can science and society together achieve sustainable seascape futures? Through a horizon scan, we identified nine emerging research priorities that clarify potential research contributions to marine sustainability in locations with high coral reef abundance. They include research on seascape geological and biological evolution and adaptation; elucidating drivers and mechanisms of change; understanding how seascape functions and services are produced, and how people depend on them; costs, benefits, and trade-offs to people in changing seascapes; improving seascape technologies and practices; learning to govern and manage seascapes for all; sustainable use, justice, and human well-being; bridging communities and epistemologies for innovative, equitable, and scale-crossing solutions; and informing resilient seascape futures through modelling and synthesis. Researchers can contribute to the sustainability of tropical seascapes by co-developing transdisciplinary understandings of people and ecosystems, emphasising the importance of equity and justice, and improving knowledge of key cross-scale and cross-level processes, feedbacks, and thresholds.
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- Riginos, Cynthia, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative landscape genomics has arrived with a splash
- 2023
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Ingår i: Molecular Ecology. - 0962-1083 .- 1365-294X. ; 32:24, s. 6725-6728
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Comparative methods are central for understanding the distribution of biodiversity. Assessing spatial variation of multiple species can identify biodiversity drivers across landscapes, including on the genetic level. Molecular ecology approaches have expanded in spatial precision, from phylogeography to landscape genetics, as have molecular tools that now allow genome-scale inferences for virtually any organism. These welcome increases in genomic data richness, however, have not been matched by growth in the multispecies dimension, and empirical studies continue to focus predominantly on single species. In this issue of Molecular Ecology, Zbinden et al. (Molecular Ecology, 2022, 32) present a landmark achievement for comparative landscape genomics, surveying an impressive 31 species of fishes, sampled from 75 locations in the White River Basin and genotyping each species for thousands of SNPs. Zbinden et al. (Molecular Ecology, 2022, 32) draw upon the statistical tools of landscape genetics to comprehensively interrogate four hypotheses—that populations of multiple freshwater fish species are isolated by river distance, barriers to dispersal, stream hierarchy or environment. Stream hierarchy overwhelmingly predicts population structure within co-distributed fish species pointing to commonalities among species at the large landscape scale (100s of km). The tight alignment between intraspecific genetic spatial structure and stream hierarchies, moreover, provides clear validation for conservation and fisheries management to use watershed divisions as distinct management units.
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