| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Aad, G, et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 4. |
- Glasbey, JC, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Niemi, MEK, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Aamodt, K., et al.
(författare)
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The ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 3:S08002
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) is a general-purpose, heavy-ion detector at the CERN LHC which focuses on QCD, the strong-interaction sector of the Standard Model. It is designed to address the physics of strongly interacting matter and the quark-gluon plasma at extreme values of energy density and temperature in nucleus-nucleus collisions. Besides running with Pb ions, the physics programme includes collisions with lighter ions, lower energy running and dedicated proton-nucleus runs. ALICE will also take data with proton beams at the top LHC energy to collect reference data for the heavy-ion programme and to address several QCD topics for which ALICE is complementary to the other LHC detectors. The ALICE detector has been built by a collaboration including currently over 1000 physicists and engineers from 105 Institutes in 30 countries, Its overall dimensions are 16 x 16 x 26 m(3) with a total weight of approximately 10 000 t. The experiment consists of 18 different detector systems each with its own specific technology choice and design constraints, driven both by the physics requirements and the experimental conditions expected at LHC. The most stringent design constraint is to cope with the extreme particle multiplicity anticipated in central Pb-Pb collisions. The different subsystems were optimized to provide high-momentum resolution as well as excellent Particle Identification (PID) over a broad range in momentum, up to the highest multiplicities predicted for LHC. This will allow for comprehensive studies of hadrons, electrons, muons, and photons produced in the collision of heavy nuclei. Most detector systems are scheduled to be installed and ready for data taking by mid-2008 when the LHC is scheduled to start operation, with the exception of parts of the Photon Spectrometer (PHOS), Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) and Electro Magnetic Calorimeter (EMCal). These detectors will be completed for the high-luminosity ion run expected in 2010. This paper describes in detail the detector components as installed for the first data taking in the summer of 2008.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Clark, DW, et al.
(författare)
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Associations of autozygosity with a broad range of human phenotypes
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 10:1, s. 4957-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In many species, the offspring of related parents suffer reduced reproductive success, a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression. In humans, the importance of this effect has remained unclear, partly because reproduction between close relatives is both rare and frequently associated with confounding social factors. Here, using genomic inbreeding coefficients (FROH) for >1.4 million individuals, we show that FROH is significantly associated (p < 0.0005) with apparently deleterious changes in 32 out of 100 traits analysed. These changes are associated with runs of homozygosity (ROH), but not with common variant homozygosity, suggesting that genetic variants associated with inbreeding depression are predominantly rare. The effect on fertility is striking: FROH equivalent to the offspring of first cousins is associated with a 55% decrease [95% CI 44–66%] in the odds of having children. Finally, the effects of FROH are confirmed within full-sibling pairs, where the variation in FROH is independent of all environmental confounding.
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| 15. |
- Winkler, TW, et al.
(författare)
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Differential and shared genetic effects on kidney function between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Communications biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 5:1, s. 580-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can progress to kidney failure. Risk factors include genetics and diabetes mellitus (DM), but little is known about their interaction. We conducted genome-wide association meta-analyses for estimated GFR based on serum creatinine (eGFR), separately for individuals with or without DM (nDM = 178,691, nnoDM = 1,296,113). Our genome-wide searches identified (i) seven eGFR loci with significant DM/noDM-difference, (ii) four additional novel loci with suggestive difference and (iii) 28 further novel loci (including CUBN) by allowing for potential difference. GWAS on eGFR among DM individuals identified 2 known and 27 potentially responsible loci for diabetic kidney disease. Gene prioritization highlighted 18 genes that may inform reno-protective drug development. We highlight the existence of DM-only and noDM-only effects, which can inform about the target group, if respective genes are advanced as drug targets. Largely shared effects suggest that most drug interventions to alter eGFR should be effective in DM and noDM.
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| 16. |
- Addazi, A., et al.
(författare)
-
New high-sensitivity searches for neutrons converting into antineutrons and/or sterile neutrons at the HIBEAM/NNBAR experiment at the European Spallation Source
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physics G. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 48:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The violation of baryon number, , is an essential ingredient for the preferential creation of matter over antimatter needed to account for the observed baryon asymmetry in the Universe. However, such a process has yet to be experimentally observed. The HIBEAM/NNBAR program is a proposed two-stage experiment at the European Spallation Source to search for baryon number violation. The program will include high-sensitivity searches for processes that violate baryon number by one or two units: free neutron–antineutron oscillation () via mixing, neutron–antineutron oscillation via regeneration from a sterile neutron state (), and neutron disappearance (n → n'); the effective process of neutron regeneration () is also possible. The program can be used to discover and characterize mixing in the neutron, antineutron and sterile neutron sectors. The experiment addresses topical open questions such as the origins of baryogenesis and the nature of dark matter, and is sensitive to scales of new physics substantially in excess of those available at colliders. A goal of the program is to open a discovery window to neutron conversion probabilities (sensitivities) by up to three orders of magnitude compared with previous searches. The opportunity to make such a leap in sensitivity tests should not be squandered. The experiment pulls together a diverse international team of physicists from the particle (collider and low energy) and nuclear physics communities, while also including specialists in neutronics and magnetics.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Abele, H., et al.
(författare)
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Particle physics at the European Spallation Source
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Physics reports. - : Elsevier. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 1023, s. 1-84
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Presently under construction in Lund, Sweden, the European Spallation Source (ESS) will be the world’s brightest neutron source. As such, it has the potential for a particle physics program with a unique reach and which is complementary to that available at other facilities. This paper describes proposed particle physics activities for the ESS. These encompass the exploitation of both the neutrons and neutrinos produced at the ESS for high precision (sensitivity) measurements (searches).
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| 19. |
- Altheimer, A., et al.
(författare)
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Boosted objects and jet substructure at the LHC. Report of BOOST2012, held at IFIC Valencia, 23rd-27th of July 2012
- 2014
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044. ; 74:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report of the BOOST2012 workshop presents the results of four working groups that studied key aspects of jet substructure. We discuss the potential of first-principle QCD calculations to yield a precise description of the substructure of jets and study the accuracy of state-of-the-art Monte Carlo tools. Limitations of the experiments' ability to resolve substructure are evaluated, with a focus on the impact of additional (pile-up) proton proton collisions on jet substructure performance in future LHC operating scenarios. A final section summarizes the lessons learnt from jet substructure analyses in searches for new physics in the production of boosted top quarks.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Perez-Nadales, Elena, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of mortality in solid organ transplant recipients with bloodstream infections due to carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales : The impact of cytomegalovirus disease and lymphopenia
- 2020
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Transplantation. - : WILEY. - 1600-6135 .- 1600-6143. ; 20:6, s. 1629-1641
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Treatment of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales bloodstream infections in solid organ transplant recipients is challenging. The objective of this study was to develop a specific score to predict mortality in solid organ transplant recipients with carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales bloodstream infections. A multinational, retrospective (2004-2016) cohort study (INCREMENT-SOT, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02852902) was performed. The main outcome variable was 30-day all-cause mortality. The INCREMENT-SOT-CPE score was developed using logistic regression. The global cohort included 216 patients. The final logistic regression model included the following variables: INCREMENT-CPE mortality score >= 8 (8 points), no source control (3 points), inappropriate empirical therapy (2 points), cytomegalovirus disease (7 points), lymphopenia (4 points), and the interaction between INCREMENT-CPE score >= 8 and CMV disease (minus 7 points). This score showed an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.76-0.88) and classified patients into 3 strata: 0-7 (low mortality), 8-11 (high mortality), and 12-17 (very-high mortality). We performed a stratified analysis of the effect of monotherapy vs combination therapy among 165 patients who received appropriate therapy. Monotherapy was associated with higher mortality only in the very-high (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.82, 95% CI 1.13-7.06, P = .03) and high (HR 9.93, 95% CI 2.08-47.40, P = .004) mortality risk strata. A score-based algorithm is provided for therapy guidance.
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| 23. |
- Santoro, V., et al.
(författare)
-
HighNESS conceptual design report: Volume I
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Journal of Neutron Research. - 1023-8166 .- 1477-2655. ; 25:3-4, s. 85-314
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Spallation Source, currently under construction in Lund, Sweden, is a multidisciplinary international laboratory. Once completed to full specifications, it will operate the world’s most powerful pulsed neutron source. Supported by a 3 million Euro Research and Innovation Action within the EU Horizon 2020 program, a design study (HighNESS) has been completed to develop a second neutron source located below the spallation target. Compared to the first source, designed for high cold and thermal brightness, the new source has been optimized to deliver higher intensity, and a shift to longer wavelengths in the spectral regions of cold (CN, 2–20 Å), very cold (VCN, 10–120 Å), and ultracold (UCN, >500 Å) neutrons. The second source comprises a large liquid deuterium moderator designed to produce CN and support secondary VCN and UCN sources. Various options have been explored in the proposed designs, aiming for world-leading performance in neutronics. These designs will enable the development of several new instrument concepts and facilitate the implementation of a high-sensitivity neutron-antineutron oscillation experiment (NNBAR). This document serves as the Conceptual Design Report for the HighNESS project, representing its final deliverable.
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| 24. |
- Santoro, V., et al.
(författare)
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HighNESS conceptual design report: Volume II. the NNBAR experiment.
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Journal of Neutron Research. - 1023-8166 .- 1477-2655. ; 25:3-4, s. 315-406
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A key aim of the HighNESS project for the European Spallation Source is to enable cutting-edge particle physics experiments. This volume presents a conceptual design report for the NNBAR experiment. NNBAR would exploit a new cold lower moderator to make the first search in over thirty years for free neutrons converting to anti-neutrons. The observation of such a baryon-number-violating signature would be of fundamental significance and tackle open questions in modern physics, including the origin of the matter-antimatter asymmetry. This report shows the design of the beamline, supermirror focusing system, magnetic and radiation shielding, and anti-neutron detector necessary for the experiment. A range of simulation programs are employed to quantify the performance of the experiment and show how background can be suppressed. For a search with full background suppression, a sensitivity improvement of three orders of magnitude is expected, as compared with the previous search. Civil engineering studies for the NNBAR beamline are also shown, as is a costing model for the experiment.
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| 25. |
- Wuttke, Matthias, et al.
(författare)
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A catalog of genetic loci associated with kidney function from analyses of a million individuals
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 51:6, s. 957-972
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is responsible for a public health burden with multi-systemic complications. Through transancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and independent replication (n = 1,046,070), we identified 264 associated loci (166 new). Of these,147 were likely to be relevant for kidney function on the basis of associations with the alternative kidney function marker blood urea nitrogen (n = 416,178). Pathway and enrichment analyses, including mouse models with renal phenotypes, support the kidney as the main target organ. A genetic risk score for lower eGFR was associated with clinically diagnosed CKD in 452,264 independent individuals. Colocalization analyses of associations with eGFR among 783,978 European-ancestry individuals and gene expression across 46 human tissues, including tubulo-interstitial and glomerular kidney compartments, identified 17 genes differentially expressed in kidney. Fine-mapping highlighted missense driver variants in 11 genes and kidney-specific regulatory variants. These results provide a comprehensive priority list of molecular targets for translational research.
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| 26. |
- van de Vegte, Yordi, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic insights into resting heart rate and its role in cardiovascular disease
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The genetics and clinical consequences of resting heart rate (RHR) remain incompletely understood. Here, the authors discover new genetic variants associated with RHR and find that higher genetically predicted RHR decreases risk of atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke. Resting heart rate is associated with cardiovascular diseases and mortality in observational and Mendelian randomization studies. The aims of this study are to extend the number of resting heart rate associated genetic variants and to obtain further insights in resting heart rate biology and its clinical consequences. A genome-wide meta-analysis of 100 studies in up to 835,465 individuals reveals 493 independent genetic variants in 352 loci, including 68 genetic variants outside previously identified resting heart rate associated loci. We prioritize 670 genes and in silico annotations point to their enrichment in cardiomyocytes and provide insights in their ECG signature. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses indicate that higher genetically predicted resting heart rate increases risk of dilated cardiomyopathy, but decreases risk of developing atrial fibrillation, ischemic stroke, and cardio-embolic stroke. We do not find evidence for a linear or non-linear genetic association between resting heart rate and all-cause mortality in contrast to our previous Mendelian randomization study. Systematic alteration of key differences between the current and previous Mendelian randomization study indicates that the most likely cause of the discrepancy between these studies arises from false positive findings in previous one-sample MR analyses caused by weak-instrument bias at lower P-value thresholds. The results extend our understanding of resting heart rate biology and give additional insights in its role in cardiovascular disease development.
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| 27. |
- Gorski, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic loci and prioritization of genes for kidney function decline derived from a meta-analysis of 62 longitudinal genome-wide association studies
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Kidney International. - : Elsevier. - 0085-2538 .- 1523-1755. ; 102:3, s. 624-639
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) reflects kidney function. Progressive eGFR-decline can lead to kidney failure, necessitating dialysis or transplantation. Hundreds of loci from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for eGFR help explain population cross section variability. Since the contribution of these or other loci to eGFR-decline remains largely unknown, we derived GWAS for annual eGFR-decline and meta-analyzed 62 longitudinal studies with eGFR assessed twice over time in all 343,339 individuals and in high-risk groups. We also explored different covariate adjustment. Twelve genomewide significant independent variants for eGFR-decline unadjusted or adjusted for eGFR- baseline (11 novel, one known for this phenotype), including nine variants robustly associated across models were identified. All loci for eGFR-decline were known for cross-sectional eGFR and thus distinguished a subgroup of eGFR loci. Seven of the nine variants showed variant- by-age interaction on eGFR cross section (further about 350,000 individuals), which linked genetic associations for eGFR-decline with agedependency of genetic cross- section associations. Clinically important were two to four-fold greater genetic effects on eGFR-decline in high-risk subgroups. Five variants associated also with chronic kidney disease progression mapped to genes with functional in- silico evidence (UMOD, SPATA7, GALNTL5, TPPP). An unfavorable versus favorable nine-variant genetic profile showed increased risk odds ratios of 1.35 for kidney failure (95% confidence intervals 1.03- 1.77) and 1.27 for acute kidney injury (95% confidence intervals 1.08-1.50) in over 2000 cases each, with matched controls). Thus, we provide a large data resource, genetic loci, and prioritized genes for kidney function decline, which help inform drug development pipelines revealing important insights into the age-dependency of kidney function genetics.
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| 28. |
- Backman, Filip, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
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The development of the NNBAR experiment
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 1748-0221. ; 17:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The NNBAR experiment for the European Spallation Source will search for free neutrons converting to antineutrons with a sensitivity improvement of three orders of magnitude compared to the last such search. This paper describes progress towards a conceptual design report for NNBAR. The design of a moderator, neutron reflector, beamline, shielding and annihilation detector is reported. The simulations used form part of a model which will be used for optimisation of the experiment design and quantification of its sensitivity.
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| 29. |
- Santoro, V., et al.
(författare)
-
The HighNESS Project at the European Spallation Source : Current Status and Future Perspectives
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Nuclear science and engineering. - 0029-5639 .- 1943-748X. ; 198:1, s. 31-63
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Spallation Source (ESS), presently under construction in Lund, Sweden, is a multidisciplinary international laboratory that, once completed at full specifications, will operate the world's most powerful pulsed neutron source. Supported by a 3 M Euro Research and Innovation Action within the European Union Horizon 2020 program, a design study (HighNESS) is now underway to develop a second neutron source located below the spallation target. Compared to the first source, which is located above the spallation target and designed for high cold and thermal brightness, the new source is being optimized to deliver higher intensity and a shift to longer wavelengths in the spectral regions of cold neutrons (CNs) (2 to 20 & Aring;), very cold neutrons (VCNs) (10 to 120 & Aring;), and ultracold neutrons (UCNs) (> 500 & Aring;). The second source consists of a large liquid deuterium moderator to deliver CNs and serve secondary VCN and UCN sources, for which different options are under study. These new sources will boost several areas of condensed matter research and will provide unique opportunities in fundamental physics. The HighNESS project is now entering its last year, and we are working toward the Conceptual Design Report of the ESS upgrade. In this paper, results obtained in the first 2 years, ongoing developments, and future perspectives are described.
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| 30. |
- Wagner, R., et al.
(författare)
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Design of an optimized nested-mirror neutron reflector for a NNBAR experiment
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002 .- 1872-9576. ; 1051
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The NNBAR experiment for the European Spallation Source will search for free neutrons converting to antineutrons with an expected sensitivity improvement of three orders of magnitude compared to the last such search. This paper describes both the simulations of a key component for the experiment, the neutron optical reflector and the expected gains in sensitivity.
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| 31. |
- Luckrin, J. M., et al.
(författare)
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A synthesis of hybrid RANS/LES CFD results for F-16XL aircraft aerodynamics
- 2015
-
Ingår i: 33rd AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference. - Reston, Virginia : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA). - 9781624103636
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A synthesis is presented of recent numerical predictions for the F-16XL aircraft flow fields and aerodynamics. The computational results were all performed with hybrid RANS/LES formulations, with an emphasis on unsteady flows and subsequent aerodynamics, and results from five computational methods are included. The work was focused on one particular low-speed, high angle-of-attack flight test condition, and comparisons against flight-test data are included. This work represents the third coordinated effort using the F-16XL aircraft, and a unique flight-test data set, to advance our knowledge of slender airframe aerodynamics as well as our capability for predicting these aerodynamics with advanced CFD formulations. The prior efforts were identified as Cranked Arrow Wing Aerodynamics Project International, with the acronyms CAWAPI and CAWAPI-2.
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| 32. |
- Enfors, Sven-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Physiological responses to mixing in large scale bioreactors
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Journal of Biotechnology. - 0168-1656 .- 1873-4863. ; 85:2, s. 175-185
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Escherichia coli fed-batch cultivations at 22 m(3) scale were compared to corresponding laboratory scale processes and cultivations using a scale-down reactor furnished with a high-glucose concentration zone to mimic the conditions in a feed zone of the large bioreactor. Formate accumulated in the large reactor, indicating the existence of oxygen limitation zones. It is suggested that the reduced biomass yield at large scale partly is due to repeated production/reassimilation of acetate from overflow metabolism and mixed acid fermentation products due to local moving zones with oxygen limitation. The conditions that generated mixed-acid fermentation in the scale-down reactor also induced a number of stress responses, monitored by analysis of mRNA of selected stress induced genes. The stress responses were relaxed when the cells returned to the substrate limited and oxygen sufficient compartment of the reactor. Corresponding analysis in the large reactor showed that the concentration of mRNA of four stress induced genes was lowest at the sampling port most distant from the feed zone. It is assumed that repeated induction/relaxation of stress responses in a large bioreactor may contribute to altered physiological properties of the cells grown in large-scale bioreactor. Flow cytometric analysis revealed reduced damage with respect to cytoplasmic membrane potential and integrity in cells grown in the dynamic environments of the large scale reactor and the scale-down reactor.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Verhaaren, C. B., et al.
(författare)
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Searches for Long-Lived Particles at the Future FCC-ee
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Physics. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-424X. ; 10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electron-positron stage of the Future Circular Collider, FCC-ee, is a frontier factory for Higgs, top, electroweak, and flavour physics. It is designed to operate in a 100 km circular tunnel built at CERN, and will serve as the first step towards ≥100 TeV proton-proton collisions. In addition to an essential and unique Higgs program, it offers powerful opportunities to discover direct or indirect evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model. Direct searches for long-lived particles at FCC-ee could be particularly fertile in the high-luminosity Z run, where 5 × 1012 Z bosons are anticipated to be produced for the configuration with two interaction points. The high statistics of Higgs bosons, W bosons and top quarks in very clean experimental conditions could offer additional opportunities at other collision energies. Three physics cases producing long-lived signatures at FCC-ee are highlighted and studied in this paper: heavy neutral leptons (HNLs), axion-like particles (ALPs), and exotic decays of the Higgs boson. These searches motivate out-of-the-box optimization of experimental conditions and analysis techniques, which could lead to improvements in other physics searches.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Kullgren, Anders, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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The potential of vehicle and road infrastructure interventions in fatal bicyclist accidents on Swedish roads—What can in-depth studies tell us?
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Traffic Injury Prevention. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1538-9588 .- 1538-957X. ; 20:sup1, s. S7-S12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The objective of this article is to describe the characteristics of fatal crashes with bicyclists on Swedish roads in rural and urban areas and to investigate the potential of bicycle helmets and different vehicle and road infrastructure interventions to prevent them. The study has a comprehensive approach to provide road authorities and vehicle manufacturers with recommendations for future priorities. Methods: The Swedish Transport Administration’s (STA) in-depth database of fatal crashes was used for case-by-case analysis of fatal cycling accidents (2006–2016) on rural (n = 82) and urban (n = 102) roads. The database consists of information from the police, medical journals, autopsy reports, accident analyses performed by STA, and witness statements. The potential of helmet use and various vehicle and road infrastructure safety interventions was determined retrospectively for each case by analyzing the chain of events leading to the fatality. The potential of vehicle safety countermeasures was analyzed based on prognoses on their implementation rates in the Swedish vehicle fleet. Results: The most common accident scenario on rural roads was that the bicyclist was struck while cycling along the side of the road. On urban roads, the majority of accidents occurred in intersections. Most accidents involved a passenger car, but heavy trucks were also common, especially in urban areas. Most accidents occurred in daylight conditions (73%). Almost half (46%) of nonhelmeted bicyclists would have survived with a helmet. It was assessed that nearly 60% of the fatal accidents could be addressed by advanced vehicle safety technologies, especially autonomous emergency braking with the ability to detect bicyclists. With regard to interventions in the road infrastructure, separated paths for bicyclists and bicycle crossings with speed calming measures were found to have the greatest safety potential. Results indicated that 91% of fatally injured bicyclists could potentially be saved with known techniques. However, it will take a long time for such technologies to be widespread. Conclusions: The majority of fatally injured bicyclists studied could potentially be saved with known techniques. A speedy implementation of important vehicle safety systems is recommended. A fast introduction of effective interventions in the road infrastructure is also necessary, preferably with a plan for prioritization.
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| 38. |
- Luckring, James M., et al.
(författare)
-
Synthesis of Hybrid Computational Fluid Dynamics Results for F-16XL Aircraft Aerodynamics
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of Aircraft. - 0021-8669 .- 1533-3868. ; 54:6, s. 2100-2114
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A synthesis is presented of recent numerical predictions for the F-16XL aircraft flowfields and aerodynamics. The computational analyses were all performed with hybrid Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes/large-eddy simulation formulations, with an emphasis on unsteady flows and associated aerodynamics, and results from five computational methods are included. The work focused on one particular low-speed high angle-of-attack flight-test condition, and comparisons against flight-test data are included. This work represents the third coordinated effort using the F-16XL aircraft, and a unique flight-test dataset, to advance the knowledge of slender airframe aerodynamics as well as the capability for predicting these aerodynamics with advanced computational fluid dynamics formulations. The prior efforts were identified as the Cranked-Arrow Wing Aerodynamics Project International.
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| 39. |
- Santoro, V., et al.
(författare)
-
DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH INTENSITY NEUTRON SOURCE AT THE EUROPEAN SPALLATION SOURCE : THE HIGHNESS PROJECT
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 14th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Applications of Accelerators, AccApp 2021, Embedded with the 2021 ANS Winter Meeting. - 9780894487842 ; , s. 11-20
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Spallation Source (ESS), presently under construction in Lund, Sweden, is a multidisciplinary international laboratory that will operate the world’s most powerful pulsed neutron source. Supported by a 3M Euro Research and Innovation Action within the EU Horizon 2020 program, a design study (HighNESS) is now underway to develop a second neutron source below the spallation target. Compared to the first source, located above the spallation target and designed for high cold and thermal brightness, the new source will provide higher intensity, and a shift to longer wavelengths in the spectral regions of cold (2-20 Å), very cold (VCN, 10-120 Å), and ultra cold (UCN, > 500 Å) neutrons. The core of the second source will consist of a large liquid deuterium moderator to deliver a high flux of cold neutrons and to serve secondary VCN and UCN sources, for which different options are under study. The features of these new sources will boost several areas of condensed matter research and will provide unique opportunities in fundamental physics. Part of the HighNESS project is also dedicated to the development of future instruments that will make use of the new source and will complement the initial suite of instruments in construction at ESS. The HighNESS project started in October 2020. In this paper, the ongoing developments and the results obtained in the first year are described.
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| 40. |
- Schon, K., et al.
(författare)
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Intercomparison on PD calibrators and PD instruments
- 1999
-
Ingår i: IEE Conference Publication. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0852967195 ; , s. 1.5.S1-1.8.S1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Within the framework of a European project, two partial discharge calibrators were circulated to thirteen laboratories for an intercomparison of impulse charge measurements in the range between 1 pC and 500 pC. The deviations of the charge values q reported by the laboratories were, with a very few exceptions, within ±(0.1 pC+0.03·q). Furthermore, the characteristics of several partial discharge measuring instruments were investigated. The indication of some of the instruments showed deviations of more than ten percent from the correct values.
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| 44. |
- Da Ronch, A., et al.
(författare)
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A framework for constrained control allocation using CFD-based tabular data
- 2011
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Ingår i: AIAA Aerosp. Sci. Meet. Incl. New Horiz. Forum Aerosp. Expos.. - Reston, Virigina : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. - 9781600869501
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes a framework for control allocation problem using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) aerodata, which is represented by a multidimensional array of dimensionless coefficients of aerodynamic forces and moments, stored as a function of the state vector and control-surface deflections. The challenges addressed are, first, the control surface treatment for the automated generation of aerodata using CFD and, second, sampling and data fusion to allow the timely calculation of large data tables. In this framework, the generation of aerodynamic tables is described based on an efficient sampling/data fusion approach. Also, the treatment of aerodynamics of control surfaces is being addressed for three flow solvers: TORNADO, a vortex-lattice method, and two CFD codes, EDGE from the Swedis Defence Agency and PMB from the University of Liverpool. In TORNADO, the vortex points located at the trailing edge of the flaps are rotated around the hinge line to simulate the deflected surfaces. The transpiration boundary conditions approach is used for modeling moving flaps in EDGE, whereas, the surface deflection is achieved using mode shapes in PMB. The test cases used to illustrate the approaches is the Ranger 2000 fighter trainer and a reduced geometry description of Boeing 747-100. Data tables are then generated for the state vector and multiple control surface deflections. The look-up table aerodata are then used to resolve the control allocation problem under the constraint that each surface has an upper and lower limit of deflection angle.
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| 45. |
- Da Ronch, A., et al.
(författare)
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Benchmarking ceasiom software to predict flight control and flying qualities of the B-747
- 2010
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Ingår i: 27th Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences 2010, ICAS 2010. - 9781617820496 ; , s. 2906-2912
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- CEASIOM, the Computerized Environment for Aircraft Synthesis and Integrated Optimization Methods, is a framework that integrates discipline-specific tools for conceptual design. At this early stage of the design it is very useful to be able to predict the flying and handling qualities of the aircraft. In order to do this for the configuration being studied, the aerodynamic database needs to be computed and coupled to the stability and control tools to carry out the analysis. This paper describes how the adaptivefidelity CFD module of CEASIOM computes the aerodynamic database of an aircraft configuration, and how that data is analyzed by the FCSDT module to determine the flying qualities and the control laws of the aircraft. The paper compares the predicted flying qualities with the flight-test data of the Boeing B747 aircraft in order to verify the goodness of the overall approach.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Eliasson, P., et al.
(författare)
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Virtual aircraft design of transcruiser - Computing break points in pitch moment curve
- 2010
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Ingår i: 28th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference. - Reston, Virigina : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA). ; , s. 2010-4366-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The SimSAC project has developed the design software CEASIOM, a framework tool that integrates discipline-specific tools like CAD & grid generation, CFD, stability & control analysis etc. for the purpose of aircraft conceptual design. Significant features developed and integrated in CEASIOM are geometry, aerodynamics, flight dynamics and aeroelasticity modules. The design begins with a design specification and uses conventional design methods to prescribe a baseline configuration. Then CEASIOM improves upon this baseline by analyzing its flying and handling qualities. This paper reports on the Transonic cruiser TCR from baseline design to Tier-I design. The baseline T-tail design is based on the design specification, which is a fairly non-complicated one with the exception for the design cruise speed of Mach 0.97. The flight dynamical analysis in CEASIOM of this configuration showed that trimming the aircraft required too large deflections in the design point so a new approach with a canard configuration was designed. A model of this configuration was built and tested in wind tunnel. The paper focuses on the validation of computational tools of different fidelity, from Tier I to Tier II RANS solvers, with test data to get a range of fidelity of the tools. The results showed that Tier I methods fail to reproduce experimental pitch moment already at moderate angles of attack. Euler methods give reasonably accurate predictions but only RANS offers good overall experimental agreement for all angles attack, in particular at higher angles where the flow starts to separate.
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| 49. |
- Ferrari, P., et al.
(författare)
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On the evaluation of LoRaWAN virtual channels orthogonality for dense distributed systems
- 2017
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Ingår i: 2017 IEEE International Workshop on Measurement and Network (M&N). - : IEEE. - 9781509056798 ; , s. 85-90
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Internet of Things (IoT) aims at collecting data from billions of devices connected altogether. Despite there is no one technology able to cope with all possible scenarios, LPWAN solutions are emerging as viable technologies for implementing private, low-cost cellular like wireless networks. Distributed systems could leverage this approach as a driving technology for services as smart environment sensing, pervasive sensing and soon. In the considered scenario, the capacity of the network is of main importance; even if communication is sporadic for most of the time, an event observed by many nodes results in a huge amount of simultaneous transmissions. Are the IoT technologies usable to this end? In this paper LoRaWAN technology is investigated, with the aim of evaluating the orthogonality of virtual channels permitted by the LoRa physical layer. In particular, measurements demonstrated that overlapping transmissions having the same power at the receiver can be correctly decoded if occurring with different spreading factors, whereas co-spread messages require at least 4ms spacing.
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| 50. |
- Ghoreyshi, M., et al.
(författare)
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Aerodynamic modelling for flight dynamics analysis of conceptual aircraft designs
- 2009
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Ingår i: 27th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physics based simulation in conceptual design is widely seen as a way of increasing the information about designs, thus helping with the avoidance of unanticipated problems as the design is refined. This paper reports on an effort to assess the use of CFD level aerodynamics for the development of tables for flight dynamics analysis at the conceptual stage. A number of aerodynamic data sources are used with sampling and data fusion to allow the efficient generation of the tables. A refined design passenger jet wind tunnel model is used as a test case, and three simplified conceptual versions of this geometry are generated. The influence of geometry approximations and modelling influences are evaluated to assess the usefulness of CFD for this application. Finally, the aerodynamic differences are assessed in terms of basic longitudinal flight dynamics analysis.
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