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Sökning: WFRF:(Roßnagel Heiko)

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1.
  • Engel, Robin Y., et al. (författare)
  • Electron population dynamics in resonant non-linear x-ray absorption in nickel at a free-electron laser
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Structural Dynamics. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 2329-7778. ; 10:5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Free-electron lasers provide bright, ultrashort, and monochromatic x-ray pulses, enabling novel spectroscopic measurements not only with femtosecond temporal resolution: The high fluence of their x-ray pulses can also easily enter the regime of the non-linear x-ray-matter interaction. Entering this regime necessitates a rigorous analysis and reliable prediction of the relevant non-linear processes for future experiment designs. Here, we show non-linear changes in the L-3-edge absorption of metallic nickel thin films, measured with fluences up to 60 J/cm(2). We present a simple but predictive rate model that quantitatively describes spectral changes based on the evolution of electronic populations within the pulse duration. Despite its simplicity, the model reaches good agreement with experimental results over more than three orders of magnitude in fluence, while providing a straightforward understanding of the interplay of physical processes driving the non-linear changes. Our findings provide important insights for the design and evaluation of future high-fluence free-electron laser experiments and contribute to the understanding of non-linear electron dynamics in x-ray absorption processes in solids at the femtosecond timescale.
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2.
  • Papareddy, Praveen, et al. (författare)
  • A human antithrombin isoform dampens inflammatory responses and protects from organ damage during bacterial infection
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Nature Microbiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2058-5276. ; 4:12, s. 2442-2455
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Severe infectious diseases are often characterized by an overwhelming and unbalanced systemic immune response to microbial infections. Human antithrombin (hAT) is a crucial coagulation inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activities. Here we identify three hAT-binding proteins (CD13, CD300f and LRP-1) on human monocytes that are involved in blocking the activity of nuclear factor-kappa B. We found that the modulating effect is primarily restricted to the less abundant beta-isoform (h beta AT) of hAT that lacks N-glycosylation at position 135. Individuals with a mutation at this position have increased production of h beta AT and analysis of their blood, which was stimulated ex vivo with lipopolysaccharide, showed a decreased inflammatory response. Similar findings were recorded when heterozygotic mice expressing hAT or h beta AT were challenged with lipopolysaccharide or infected with Escherichia coli bacteria. Our results finally demonstrate that in a lethal E. coli infection model, survival rates increased when mice were treated with h beta AT one hour and five hours after infection. The treatment also resulted in a reduction of the inflammatory response and less severe organ damage.
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