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- Taylor, Robert K., et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic challenges for the detection of emerging pathogens : A case study involving the incursion of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae in New Zealand
- 2014
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Ingår i: Detection and Diagnostics of Plant Pathogens. - Dordrecht : Springer. - 9789401790208 - 9789401790192 ; , s. 71-86
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In November 2010, Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) was detected for the first time in New Zealand. This finding triggered one of the largest surveillance and diagnostic programmes seen in New Zealand’s horticultural industry. During this response, over 912 kiwifruit orchards and 14,500 samples were screened and tested for the presence of Psa. The initial objectives of the response were to confirm the causal agent, determine disease prevalence and identify possible mechanisms of spread with the aim of identifying management options to contain the outbreak. Molecular diagnoses and characterisation of the Psa strains isolated during the response was conducted using a range of techniques that included qPCR, rep-PCR fingerprinting, multilocus sequence analysis, and next generation sequencing. The usefulness and challenges of using the molecular techniques available at the time for Psa detection and characterisation during the response are discussed. © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014.
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- Backer, Vibeke, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical characteristics of the BREATHE cohort–a real-life study on patients with asthma and COPD
- 2020
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Ingår i: European clinical respiratory journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2001-8525. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The BREATHE study is a cross-sectional study of real-life patients with asthma and/or COPD in Denmark and Sweden aiming to increase the knowledge across severities and combinations of obstructive airway disease. Design: Patients with suspicion of asthma and/or COPD and healthy controls were invited to participate in the study and had a standard evaluation performed consisting of questionnaires, physical examination, FeNO and lung function, mannitol provocation test, allergy test, and collection of sputum and blood samples. A subgroup of patients and healthy controls had a bronchoscopy performed with a collection of airway samples. Results: The study population consisted of 1403 patients with obstructive airway disease (859 with asthma, 271 with COPD, 126 with concurrent asthma and COPD, 147 with other), and 89 healthy controls (smokers and non-smokers). Of patients with asthma, 54% had moderate-to-severe disease and 46% had mild disease. In patients with COPD, 82% had groups A and B, whereas 18% had groups C and D classified disease. Patients with asthma more frequently had childhood asthma, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis, compared to patients with COPD, asthma + COPD and Other, whereas FeNO levels were higher in patients with asthma and asthma + COPD compared to COPD and Other (18 ppb and 16 ppb vs 12.5 ppb and 14 ppb, p < 0.001). Patients with asthma, asthma + COPD and Other had higher sputum eosinophilia (1.5%, 1.5%, 1.2% vs 0.75%, respectively, p < 0.001) but lower sputum neutrophilia (39.3, 43.5%, 40.8% vs 66.8%, p < 0.001) compared to patients with COPD. Conclusions: The BREATHE study provides a unique database and biobank with clinical information and samples from 1403 real-life patients with asthma, COPD, and overlap representing different severities of the diseases. This research platform is highly relevant for disease phenotype- and biomarker studies aiming to describe a broad spectrum of obstructive airway diseases.
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- Eék, Niels, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Efficacy of an Internet-Based Community Reinforcement and Family Training Program to Increase Treatment Engagement for AUD and to Improve Psychiatric Health for CSOs: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- 2020
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Ingår i: Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire). - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1464-3502 .- 0735-0414. ; 55:2, s. 187-195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Community Reinforcement Approach and Family Training (CRAFT) is a support program for concerned significant others (CSOs) to identified persons (IPs) with alcohol use disorders, with the purpose of engaging IPs to treatment and to improve CSO functioning. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of an internet-based version of CRAFT (iCRAFT). METHODS: Randomized controlled trial comparing iCRAFT with a wait-list (WL) condition with a nation-wide uptake in Sweden. A total of 94 CSOs to a treatment refusing IP, who described the IP according to DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence or abuse, were included in the study. iCRAFT consisted of five weekly administered therapist-guided modules with the following content: (a) improve CSOs' own mental health, (b) improve the CSOs skills in asking the IP to seek treatment, (c) positive communication skills training, (d) contingency management of IP drinking behavior. Main outcome measure was IPs initiative to seek treatment measured at 24weeks. Secondary outcomes were IP's daily alcohol consumption, CSOs mental health, quality of life and relational satisfaction. RESULTS: Of 94 participants, 15 CSOs reported IP treatment initiative during the study period. Of these, 10 belonged to the iCRAFT condition and five to the WL condition. The difference between conditions was nonsignificant, and the results were inconclusive. Participants in iCRAFT showed short-term improvements regarding depressive symptoms, quality of life and relational happiness. CONCLUSION: This study was unable to demonstrate substantial changes in the iCRAFT program regarding IP treatment seeking or CSO mental health. © The Author(s) 2020. Medical Council on Alcohol and Oxford University Press.
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- Schuller, Bernd, et al.
(författare)
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Chemomentum - UNICORE 6 Based Infrastructure for Complex Applications in Science and Technology
- 2008
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Ingår i: Euro-Par 2007 Workshops. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. ; , s. 82-93
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chemomentum, Grid Services based Environment to enable Innovative Research, is an end-user focused approach to exploit Grid computing for diverse application domains. Building on top of UNICORE 6, we are designing and implementing a flexible, user-friendly Grid system focussing on high-performance processing of complex application workflows and management of data, metadata and knowledge. This paper outlines Chemomentum vision, application scenarios, technical challenges, software architecture and design of the system.
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