| 1. |
- Bergström, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of offshore wind farms on marine wildlife-a generalized impact assessment
- 2014
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Ingår i: Environmental Research Letters. - : IOP Publishing. - 1748-9326. ; 9:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Marine management plans over the world express high expectations to the development of offshore wind energy. This would obviously contribute to renewable energy production, but potential conflicts with other usages of the marine landscape, as well as conservation interests, are evident. The present study synthesizes the current state of understanding on the effects of offshore wind farms on marine wildlife, in order to identify general versus local conclusions in published studies. The results were translated into a generalized impact assessment for coastal waters in Sweden, which covers a range of salinity conditions from marine to nearly fresh waters. Hence, the conclusions are potentially applicable to marine planning situations in various aquatic ecosystems. The assessment considered impact with respect to temporal and spatial extent of the pressure, effect within each ecosystem component, and level of certainty. Research on the environmental effects of offshore wind farms has gone through a rapid maturation and learning process, with the bulk of knowledge being developed within the past ten years. The studies showed a high level of consensus with respect to the construction phase, indicating that potential impacts on marine life should be carefully considered in marine spatial planning. Potential impacts during the operational phase were more locally variable, and could be either negative or positive depending on biological conditions as well as prevailing management goals. There was paucity in studies on cumulative impacts and long-term effects on the food web, as well as on combined effects with other human activities, such as the fisheries. These aspects remain key open issues for a sustainable marine spatial planning.
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| 2. |
- Bergström, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of wind power on marine life : A Synthesis
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As in many other countries, an expansion of wind power is expected in Sweden during the coming decades. The expansion is driven by rising prices on electricity and the need for an increased production of renewable energy. Since wind conditions at sea are good and relatively constant, several offshore wind farms are planned in Swedish waters. Offshore wind power with a total effect of about 2500 MW has been granted permission and an additional 5500 MW are being planned for. Examples of granted projects are Storgrundet with an effect of 265 MW, Stora Middelgrund with an effect of 860 MW and Kårehamn with an effect of 48 MW. The largest offshore wind farm in Sweden today is Lillgrund in Öresund, with its 48 turbines with an installed effect of 110 MW.Prior to this expected expansion, it is important to investigate the environmental impact of offshore wind power, and how possible negative effects can be minimized. This synopsis about the impact of wind power on the marine life in Swedish waters is based on more than 600 studies, most of which are scientific articles, but also reports by companies and authorities.Habitats and species in Swedish marine areasSwedish marine areas are characterized by a unique salinity gradient that varies from marine conditions in Skagerrak to almost limnic environments in the Gulf of Bothnia. There are also vast differences between areas in terms of environmental factors such as insolation, temperature and wave exposure. This entails variation in species composition, dominance by different populations and structural differences in plant and animal communities. Therefore, this synopsis provides environment descriptions of three widely separated marine areas: the Swedish West Coast (Kattegat and Skagerrak), the Baltic Proper and the Gulf of Bothnia (Bothnian Sea and Bothnian Bay). The main focus is on occurrence of species and communities within the depth interval that is of interest for establishing offshore wind power in Sweden.Offshore wind powerThere are mainly two types of foundation structures used in Sweden today: gravity-based foundations and monopile foundations. These are also the most commercially viable. Offshore wind farm projects affect the environment in different ways during installation, operation and decommissioning. The installation phase is assessed as having the largest impact on the environment, since high noise levels and sediment dispersal can affect marine organisms. A wind farm during operation can cause barrier effects as well as changes in the natural environment. The decommissioning phase can again enhance noise levels and lead to sediment dispersal in the wind park and its adjacent area. Effects on marine organisms and communities Since marine environmental conditions vary between different locations as well as over time, it is difficult to make universal assessments of the effects of offshore wind power. This increases the importance of well-designed pilot studies and monitoring programs of the local environment. Also, location-specific surveys minimize the risk that costly measures to reduce negative impact are used when they are not needed. In general, installation and decommissioning of offshore wind farms should be planned so that sensitive reproductive periods for marine species are avoided. Particular consideration might also be needed for constructions in important growth and spawning areas for fish and marine mammals, or specific environments, such as offshore banks with high natural values. Below is a list of the effects that, according to existing knowledge and accessible literature, might affect marine organisms and communities. Each effect has been assessed after how long, and to what scale, it affects the marine life in the wind farm area.Acoustic disturbances during the installationAs monopile foundations are being driven into the sea floor, a lot of noise is generated that spreads in the water. Cod and herring can potentially perceive noise from pile driving at a distance of 80 kilometres, experiencing physical damage and death at just a few meters from the place of installation. For all types of work involving noise, flight reactions in fish are expected within a distance of about one kilometre from the source. The greatest risk of significant harm to fish populations exists if the installation overlaps with important recruitment areas for threatened or weak populations. Among the marine mammals, porpoises have proved to get both impaired hearing and behavioural disturbances from noise associated with pile driving. There are no studies indicating any long-term negative effects on any of the seal species occurring in Swedish waters. It is not possible to draw any general conclusions of the effects on invertebrates from pile driving noise, since the group is too large and diverse. The few studies that exist, however, show that oysters are relatively sensitive, whilst mussels are not affected at all. The effects of high noise levels can be reduced by, for example, successively increasing the power and thus the noise during piling, so that larger animals such as fish, seal and porpoises are intimidated at an early stage and leave the construction area well before high noise levels are reached.Sediment dispersalDredging work during the construction of gravitational foundations, and laying of cables between the wind turbines and land, can cause sediment from the bottom to whirl up and disperse in the water mass. The amount of sediment dispersed depends on the type of sediment, water currents and which dredging method is being used. Increased concentrations of sediment in the water affect mainly fish fry and larval stages negatively. Invertebrates are often adapted to re-suspension of sediment, since it occurs naturally in their environment. The sediment dispersal at the construction of a wind farm is often confined to a short period. The effects are also relatively small due to the fact that the bottom sediment is usually coarse-grained. The overall assessment is therefore that sediment dispersal is a limited problem for most animal and plant communities, but specific consideration should be taken and fish recruitment periods should be avoided.Introduction of a new habitatThe foundations of wind turbines can function as artificial reefs and attract many fish species, particularly around gravitational foundations which have a structurally complex erosion protection. At first there is often a redistribution of fish from nearby areas to the wind park foundations, but over time an actual increased fish production within the park is possible, as long as the park is large enough and the fishing pressure is low. The structure of the erosion protection can bring local positive effects for crustaceans such as lobster and crab, by functioning as shelter as well as increasing their foraging area. One example of a species that seems to increase locally around foundation structures on the Swedish West Coast and the Baltic Proper is the blue mussel. Which species that will dominate depends on the salinity in the area. There are no studies showing that foundation structures will facilitate the distribution of new species to Swedish marine areas. One reason for this might be that the total amount of hard bottom surface formed by the foundations and their structures is relatively small compared to natural hard bottoms.Turbine noise and boat trafficMaintenance work on the wind turbines causes a certain increase in boat traffic in the area of an operating wind farm. Also, different parts of the turbines generate noise during operation that spreads through the water. The reactions of fish on noise from turbines and boat engines vary, but study results indicate that the effect on most fish species from noise produced in a wind farm is low. There are, however, no studies on long-term effects of stress due to an increased noise level or effects of noise disturbance on fish spawning behaviour. Porpoises especially, but to some extent also seals, are sensitive to noise disturbance. Today there are no studies showing negative effects from the operational sounds from a wind farm on populations of marine mammals. The noise of both strong winds and engines from ships often exceeds the underwater noise generated by operating wind farms.Electromagnetic fieldsThe electric cables leading from a wind turbine generates a magnetic field that decreases with distance from the cable. The expected effect on most fish species is low, but since the effect is ongoing throughout the entire operational stage, the risk should be considered in areas that are important to migrating fish species. No studies have been found that show how electromagnetic fields affect marine mammals. The few studies that have been found on invertebrates indicate that the electromagnetic fields around common transmission cables have no effect on either reproduction or survival.Exclusion of birdsMost birds do not avoid wind farm areas. An exception is several common diving ducks that avoid flying or swimming within wind farms and keep a safe distance of at least 500 meters to a turbine tower. The most common food for these species in the Baltic Sea is blue mussels. Areas within the Swedish economic zone where a large-scale expansion of wind power would have the greatest effect on the ducks, and thereby indirectly affect the benthic community, are the offshore banks in the central Baltic Proper, mainly Hoburg Bank and Northern Midsjö Bank, where two thirds of the oldsquaw populations in Europe overwinters. The level of impact will depend on the total area of the park, and the distance between the turbine towers. Large-scale studies are needed in order to assess if the effect might lead to substantial changes for the benthic community.Gaps of knowledgeThe basis of this synopsis is research results from studies concerning single wind turbines or small wind farms, which in many
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| 3. |
- Bergström, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Vindkraftens effekter på marint liv : En syntesrapport
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Precis som i manga andra lander forvantas en utbyggnad av vindkraft i Sverige under de narmaste decennierna. Expansionen drivs bland annat av stigande elpriser och behovet av okad produktion av fornybar el. I Sverige har havsbaserad vindkraft med en total effekt pa ungefar 2500 MW fatt tillstand och ytterligare 5500 MW ar under utveckling. Exempel pa vindkraftsprojekt med fardiga tillstand ar Storgrundet med en effekt pa 265 MW, Stora Middelgrund med en effekt pa 860 MW och Karehamn med en effekt pa 48 MW. I dag utgor Lillgrund i Oresund med sina 48 vindkraftverk och 110 MW i installerad effekt, Sveriges storstahavsbaserade vindkraftpark. Infor denna forvantade expansion ar det viktigt att undersoka vindkraftens miljoeffekter, och hur eventuella negativa effekter kan minimeras. Over 600 studier, huvudsakligen vetenskapliga artiklar, men aven rapporter fran foretag och myndigheter, ligger till grund for slutsatserna och rekommendationerna i denna syntesrapport om paverkan av vindkraft pa det marina livet i svenska havsomraden. [...]
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| 4. |
- Borell, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring experiences of "participation" among individuals living with chronic pain
- 2006
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 13:2, s. 76-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to advance our understanding of participation and its relation to occupation, by analysing the daily occupational experiences of six men and women living with chronic pain. Open-ended interviews are used in conjunction with a constant comparative method of analysis. The findings are thematically presented as: "taking initiative and making choices", doing something physical", "doing something social", and "doing something for others". Furthermore, a short vignette is presented in which the authors attempt to juxtapose theoretical constructs with individual experiences in order to illustrate another level of contextual richness of the data. Methodological implications are discussed in relation to the findings, analytic presentation, and previous research.
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| 5. |
- Cleeve, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Drawing in-situ : Matters of care and representation in daily life with dementia
- 2023
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Ingår i: Qualitative Research. - : Sage Publications. - 1468-7941 .- 1741-3109. ; 23:3, s. 782-808
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article brings methodological insight into in-situ drawings as representations of daily life with dementia. As part of ethnographic fieldwork in dementia care units in a nursing home, drawings were made on site by a researcher. We suggest that the ambiguity of in-situ drawings, and the ensuing possibilities to disambiguate them, is valuable. Inspired by Asdal and Moser’s (2012) concept of “contexting,” we experimented with arranging the drawings with fieldnotes, discussing them with staff members, as well as with configuring multiple drawings and fieldnotes in sequences. This led to reflexive engagements with the drawings, creating space for discussing concerns in research practices and care practices. Switching between different forms of contexting produced tensions, revealing that what was cared for through the practices of researchers, staff members, and residents, diverged. In this way, we argue that contexting in-situ drawings may intervene in ways of knowing, caring for, and living with dementia.
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| 6. |
- Cleeve, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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(In)visible materialities in the context of dementia care
- 2020
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Ingår i: Sociology of Health and Illness. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0141-9889 .- 1467-9566. ; 42:1, s. 126-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seemingly mundane materialities are intertwined with important, but often neglected, care interactions. It has been argued that if healthcare professionals paid more attention to the roles materialities can have, everyday routines could become important occasions for care. In response to such proposals, we argue that it is relevant to examine how materialities are currently understood. In this article, we explore materialities as part of work in a dementia unit. Using abstracted illustrations of everyday materialities to elicit reflections, we conducted 11 individual interviews with certified nursing assistants. Through phenomenographic analysis we explain our findings as three different categories conceptualising understandings of materialities as: ‘tools for care’, ‘a set of principles for care’ and ‘caring relationships’. Our analysis indicates that understanding materialities as instruments was reinforced and made visible through the healthcare organisation while understanding materialities as part of specific relationships with residents appeared informal and less visible. How materialities were understood seemed to have several implications for residents. While care practices could benefit from nursing assistants’ abilities to alternate between ways of understanding materialitites, such competence seemed dependent on how professional care was organised, structured and materialised.
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| 7. |
- Johansson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Qualities of the environment that support a sense of home and belonging in nursing homes for older people
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ageing & Society. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0144-686X .- 1469-1779. ; 42:1, s. 157-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to contribute with knowledge about how a sense of home and belonging is enacted and can be supported in everyday life, with a particular focus on the relationships that connect everyday life and the environment in nursing home contexts. The concepts 'a sense of home' and 'belonging' were chosen with the ambition to grasp values grounded in experiences and everyday practices, with an openness for various aspects that can support an enjoyable life and comfort for nursing home residents. The study focused on communal areas, e.g. dining room, kitchen, corridors and gardens, that serve as arenas where nursing home residents' everyday lives expand beyond the private room. Ethnographic methods were applied to identify and explore situations where a sense of home and belonging were enacted in nursing homes that had been acknowledged as good examples of nursing home environments. Through the analytic process, four qualities were identified: (a) a cornerstone for stability and everydayness, (b) the beating heart, (c) spatial dynamics, and (d) magnetic places. Following from the chosen methodology, the findings provide a situated understanding of how communal areas in nursing homes can invite a sense of home and belonging for the residents.
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| 8. |
- Mondaca, Margarita, et al.
(författare)
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Altering the boundaries of everyday life in a nursing home context
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 26:6, s. 441-451
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Despite global and local policy frameworks that explicitly aim to privilege participation and active engagement of older adults living in nursing homes, this group often has limited possibilities to engage in occupations and to have influence in their everyday lives. Aim: To explore how older adults’ engagement and influence in an occupation can emerge in everyday life in a nursing home setting.Material and methods: A participatory qualitative approach was applied. Older adults living in a nursing home participated in a Book Club that was created collaboratively between researchers, residents, and the nursing home community.Findings: The analysis identified qualities of altering the boundaries of everyday life and addressing the uncertain conditions for influence and engagement as processes actualized by the residents when engaging in the Book Club. Further analysis identified how these processes involved ordinariness, familiarity, fellowship, and connectedness.Conclusion and Significance: Engagement and influence in occupation in a nursing home is possible when enabling partnerships and resourcefulness among the residents. However, such enablement is not guaranteed and needs to be actively upheld by the nursing home community in order to build practices aligned with policy frameworks of participation.
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| 9. |
- Nilsson, Ingeborg, et al.
(författare)
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Perpetuating harms from isolation among older adults with cognitive impairment : observed discrepancies in homecare service documentation, assessment and approval practices
- 2018
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Ingår i: BMC Health Services Research. - : BioMed Central. - 1472-6963. ; 18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Older persons with cognitive impairment (CI) risk social isolation. Strong evidence shows that perceived loneliness, or inadequate social networks, triggers and increases health problems. How homecare systems address social participation remains unknown; anecdotal data suggests there are significant gaps. This study's objective was to identify and describe how the assessors of homecare needs document social participation among persons with CI and how their documentation corresponds with the services actually provided to meet social needs. The research questions were: How and what kinds of social participation needs are documented on need assessment forms? What types of homecare services (with a social focus) are documented and approved? How are specified needs in social participation profiles addressed by a homecare service?Methods: Descriptive data from need assessment forms and their attached care plans for all applicants aged 65+ were collected during a 2 month period from a large homecare agency serving a municipality in Sweden. Persons with documented CI (n = 43) in the group were identified. Qualitative data analysis was conducted to examine the research questions.Results: Social participation factors were not documented consistently. The relationship between recognition of limitations to social participation and approval of service eligibility was not consistent. Social participation was designated by references to social status, sometimes by social network size, and occasionally by limitations to social participation. The range of approved homecare services (with social focus) covered services such as day care center visits or companionship. Three profiles of social participation were identified: clients with, (a) no participation limitations; (b) potential limitations; and (c) marked limitations.Conclusion: Given the known health harms from social isolation and the high risk of isolation among older persons with CI, this novel study's documentation of inadequate and inconsistent information in homecare social need assessments and services is sobering. The findings suggest a pressing need for initiatives to formulate best practices and standards to ensure alignment of care service systems to the health needs of the growing group of aging individuals with CI.
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| 10. |
- Sandberg, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Home care services for older clients with and without cognitive impairment in Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: Health & Social Care in the Community. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0966-0410 .- 1365-2524. ; 27:1, s. 139-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Little is known about the types of home care services granted to older clients in Sweden. The objectives of this study were to: (a) identify and describe the range of granted home care services and service hours; (b) compare services granted for clients with and without documented cognitive impairment; and (c) examine associations between the range of granted home care services and factors related to cognitive impairment and demographical characteristics. The study design was descriptive and cross‐sectional. The data, included records of granted home care services for clients age 65+ with (n = 43) and without (n = 88) cognitive impairment documented by the local municipality assessors, collected from one agency in Sweden during a 2‐month period in 2015. Data analyses resulted in an overview of the range of home care services divided into two categories: personal care and service. In the personal care category, the median was 3 for types of services (range 0–12), and shower (n = 69; 52.7%) was the most common service. In the service category, the median was 5 for types of services (range 0–10), and cleaning the household (n = 103; 78.6%) was the most common service. The median for service hours was 27 hr per month (range 2.5–127.5). Logistic regression models revealed that cognitive impairment was associated with a higher number of services in the personal care category and a higher number of hours per month. Living alone was associated with a higher number of services in the service category. In conclusion, a wide range of home care services were provided for clients who have complex needs in daily life. Home care services were granted to clients with cognitive impairment and to a greater extent with clients who were living alone.
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| 11. |
- Sandberg, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Job strain : a cross-sectional survey of dementia care specialists and other staff in Swedish home care services
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare. - : Dove Mecial Press. - 1178-2390. ; 11, s. 255-266
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: An increasing number of older persons worldwide live at home with various functional limitations such as dementia. So, home care staff meet older persons with extensive, complex needs. The staff's well-being is crucial because it can affect the quality of their work, although literature on job strain among home care staff is limited.Aim: To describe perceived job strain among home care staff and to examine correlations between job strain, personal factors, and organizational factors.Methods: The study applied a cross-sectional survey design. Participants were dementia care specialists who work in home care (n=34) and other home care staff who are not specialized in dementia care (n=35). The Strain in Dementia Care Scale (SDCS) and Creative Climate Questionnaire instruments and demographic variables were used. Descriptive and inferential statistics (including regression modeling) were applied. The regional ethical review board approved the study.Results: Home care staff perceived job strain - particularly because they could not provide what they perceived to be necessary care. Dementia care specialists ranked job strain higher (m=5.71) than other staff members (m=4.71; p=0.04). Job strain (for total score and for all five SDCS factors) correlated with being a dementia care specialist. Correlations also occurred between job strain for SDCS factor 2 (difficulties understanding and interpreting) and not having Swedish as first language and SDCS factor 5 (lack of recognition) and stagnated organizational climate.Conclusion: The study indicates that home care staff and particularly dementia care specialists perceived high job strain. Future studies are needed to confirm or reject findings from this study.
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| 12. |
- Sandberg, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Risks as dilemmas for home care staff caring for persons with dementia
- 2021
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Ingår i: Aging & Mental Health. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1360-7863 .- 1364-6915. ; 25:9, s. 1701-1708
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Many persons with dementia live at home with support from home care services. Despite this, research is scarce concerning how risks in daily life among persons with dementia are perceived and handled by home care staff. This study aimed to explore how home care staff identify risks in the everyday lives of persons with dementia, and to inquire into how they reasoned about their own actions related to those risks.Method: A qualitative approach was applied for the study. Both individual interviews and focus groups were conducted with home care staff (n = 23). Data was analysed using a constant comparative method.Results: Identifying, reasoning and acting upon risks in the everyday lives of persons with dementia were related to several dilemmas for the home care staff. These dilemmas are described and elaborated on in three categories: 1) Strategies for tracking risks, 2) Dilemmas concerning where to draw the line and deciding when to act, and 3) Dilemmas when acting on risks.Conclusion: The study provides new knowledge about the dilemmas that staff in home care services may face and how they reason about managing risks in the homes of persons with dementia. The study shows that the staff had to weigh risk and safety against the autonomy of persons with dementia. Based on these findings, we want to highlight the importance of competence among home care staff and the organizational conditions that must exist in order to manage the challenges of risky situations.
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| 13. |
- Sandberg, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Risks in situations that are experienced as unfamiliar and confusing – the perspective of persons with dementia
- 2017
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Ingår i: Dementia. - : Sage Publications. - 1471-3012 .- 1741-2684. ; 16:4, s. 471-485
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An increasing number of people with dementia are ageing at home in Sweden and in other countries. In order to meet the safety requirements, knowledge about how persons with dementia experience risks is required. The aim of the study was to explore and better understand how persons with dementia, living at home, experience risks in their daily life and how they handle these situations. Twelve persons with dementia were interviewed using open-ended questions, and the data were analyzed using a content analysis approach. Findings showed that participants experienced situations fraught with risks in their daily life as unfamiliar and confusing. Previously familiar places became unfamiliar to them, and details did not come together. They were uncertain about what actually had happened. How the participants handled these situations in order to reduce the risks are described.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Bergström, Aileen, et al.
(författare)
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Phronesis: Recognising a neglected dimension of knowledge within occupational therapy research
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 31:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Phronesis is a way of knowing, implying wisdom, experiences, and reflections that guide our judgements. Phronesis, important for learning, is a neglected form of knowledge when applied to research.Aim: To examine how phronesis is conceptualised and practiced in three research projects.Method: Data from eight interviews with researchers involved in three research projects was generated. The interview material was analysed. A theoretical matrix of contemporary understanding of phronesis was applied to the material.Result: Examples of phronesis from three research projects in occupational therapy are presented according to categories of contemporary phronesis; acknowledging embodiment, embracing humility, using perceptiveness, and practicing reflexivity.Significance: This unique approach of analysing research projects contributes to the understanding of phronesis and its implications for research, providing valuable insights into the researchers’ praxis in their respective projectsConclusion: There is a need for a greater recognition of phronesis as a dimension of knowledge within all types of research, and within the discipline. By not recognising phronesis as a legitimate form of knowledge, the discipline perpetuates a superiority of knowledge from episteme that dominates our ways of learning about the world around us and where the type of knowledge gleaned from phronesis is consequently marginalised.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Boman, Inga-Lill, et al.
(författare)
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First steps in designing a videophone for people with dementia : Identification of users' potentials and the requirements of communication technology
- 2012
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1748-3107 .- 1748-3115. ; sept:5, s. 356-363
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To identify, based on the literature, people with dementia´s potentials to manage an easy-to-use videophone, and to develop a videophone requirement specification for people with dementia.Method:The study is based on the Inclusive Design method, utilising the first two of four phases. Content analyses of literature reviews were used to identify users´potentials for managing a videophone and to gather recommendations regarding communication technology design for the target group. Existing videophones in Sweden were examined regarding potentia fit to users with dementia.Findings: This led to detailed identification of cognitive, physical and psychosocial challenges that people with dementia will probably have when using an ordinary telephone or videophone. A requirement specification for videophone design to fit users with dementia was formulated, with the seven principles of Universal Design as a framework.Conclusions: The requirement specification presented here is aimed at designing a videophone but might also facilitate design of other products for people with dementia, particularly in the field of communication technology. Based on this, further work will focus on developing a design concept and a prototype to be empirically tested by people with dementia and their significant others, i.e. the final two design process phases.
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| 19. |
- Boman, Inga-Lill, et al.
(författare)
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Users' and professionals' contributions in the process of designing an easy-to-use videophone for people with dementia
- 2014
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-3107 .- 1748-3115. ; 9:2, s. 164-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To develop a design concept for an easy-to-use videophone for people with dementia and to evaluate the design and need of such a product.Method: In this project, we have used an inclusive design approach that includes the target users in the design process. In an earlier study, the need of a videophone was examined and a requirement specification was developed. In this study, a preliminary design concept was developed. Five focus groups of people with dementia, significant others and occupational therapists working with people with dementia were formed to capture their experiences, expectations and thoughts concerning the videophone and the design concept. Data were analysed using a grounded theory approach.Findings: The participants pointed out that the design of the videophone should be flexible in order to meet the needs of people with dementia, be easy-to-use and not look like assistive technology. In order to facilitate learning, the videophone should be introduced in an early stage of the disease.Conclusions: A videophone has potentials to enable videophone calls without assistance, add quality in communication and provide possibilities for monitoring. Further work will focus on developing a prototype to be empirically tested by people with dementia and significant others.Implications for RehabilitationAn easy-to-use videophone was viewed as an important device that could support people with dementia in making videophone calls without assistance. It was also viewed as a product that significant others could use for monitoring the person with dementia, for example to judge the well-being of the person. But monitoring should be used with caution and not without the consent of the person with dementia.It was viewed as important that the videophone be introduced in an early stage of the disease in order to facilitate learning, so that the person can get used to the new way of making telephone calls and incorporate the new habit in his/her routines.In order to motivate people with dementia to start using a videophone, it was recommended that the videophone should be introduced as a product which is a pleasure to use, and not as a compensation for impairment or to solve a problem.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Du Toit, Sanetta, et al.
(författare)
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Unpacking the concept of person-centred care within OT in dementia care
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Person-centred care (PCC), especially for frail and vulnerable elders with advanced dementia, remains in many ways an elusive concept. There appears to be a persistent strain between the medical and social models of care in institutionalised environments that strives to provide the last homely comforts to the people living there. A scoping review was conducted to determine how PCC is reflected by occupational therapy (OT) practice.The scoping review methodology followed guidelines by Arksey and O’Malley (2005). Eligibility criteria include peer-reviewed studies published between 1995 and 2015 focusing on OT within aged residential care with people who have moderate to severe cognitive impairment associated with dementia. Studies retrieved from the searches were first independently screened for relevance and then assessed for inclusion. Relevant data were extracted and summarised using a critical interpretive synthesis developed for this study.Key characteristics of each study will be presented to demonstrate how the advancement of PCC is supported or inhibited.PCC that is reflective of occupational engagement and supports natural scenarios of everyday life is paramount when providing services in someone’s last home. The diverse nature and holistic approach of OT; a history evident of pressure to conform to the medical model; and expanding into new areas of practice delivery continue to impact the day-to-day business of OT. In our efforts to contribute as professionals within institutional dementia care settings for older persons, we need to consider how we can better support and expand our services to reflect the essence of PCC.
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| 22. |
- Eriksson, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Common genetic variation in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) locus is associated with autoimmune Addison’s disease in Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD) is the predominating cause of primary adrenal failure. Despite its high heritability, the rarity of disease has long made candidate-gene studies the only feasible methodology for genetic studies. Here we conducted a comprehensive reinvestigation of suggested AAD risk loci and more than 1800 candidate genes with associated regulatory elements in 479 patients with AAD and 2394 controls. Our analysis enabled us to replicate many risk variants, but several other previously suggested risk variants failed confirmation. By exploring the full set of 1800 candidate genes, we further identified common variation in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) as a novel risk locus associated to sporadic AAD in our study. Our findings not only confirm that multiple loci are associated with disease risk, but also show to what extent the multiple risk loci jointly associate to AAD. In total, risk loci discovered to date only explain about 7% of variance in liability to AAD in our study population.
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| 23. |
- Felding, S. A., et al.
(författare)
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The Woman with the Dog : Relationships between Pet Robots and Humans in a Danish Nursing Home for People with Dementia
- 2024
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Ingår i: Anthropology and Aging. - : University Library System, University of Pittsburgh. - 2374-2267. ; 45:1, s. 20-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, we explore how pet robots come into being in a Danish nursing home for people with dementia, based on five months of ethnographic fieldwork. We argue that the researcher and the robot become an assembled temporary figure in the nursing home: the woman with the dog. We show how pet robots are characterized by their fluidity and can go from being mechanical robots to living animals in a matter of seconds during interactions with nursing home residents. The social robots are fragile technologies that disappear and cease to be used if people in the nursing home stop caring for them. Through relationships, the pet robots come into being together with other actors in the nursing home – a process that requires tinkering (Mol, Moser, and Pols 2010) and flexibility from those working with the robots. We argue that the woman with the dog can develop caring relations with the residents, but although there are hopes that pet robots are one of the technologies that can save a welfare state and care system under pressure, this is not something that can be done by the pet robots alone. Rather, the robots need care and tinkering to become embedded in the nursing home.
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| 24. |
- Gaber, Sophie N., et al.
(författare)
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Characteristics and consequences of participatory research approaches in long-term care facilities for older adults : a meta-ethnography of qualitative studies
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - : Elsevier. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 402:Suppl. 1, s. S43-S43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Participatory research approaches can potentially empower older adults and improve their quality of life and care. These include research designs, methods, and conceptual frameworks in collaboration with people directly involved and invested in the research and research outcomes. However, participatory research approaches have rarely been explored in long-term care facilities for older adults, such as nursing homes or residential care facilities. We aimed to provide increased understanding and recommendations about how participatory research approaches can be conceptualised and used in long-term care facilities for older adults.METHODS: Inspired by Noblit and Hare (1988) and the seven phases of the eMERGe guidelines (2019), we performed a meta-ethnography (synthesis of qualitative research). We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL, ERIC, Sociological Abstracts, and Web of science in July 2021 and June 2022 for studies published between Jan 1, 2001, and June 27, 2022 (see appendix for search terms). We included peer-reviewed qualitative publications on participatory research approaches with older adults or staff in long-term care facilities, written in English. To promote rigour, a protocol was used with two authors independently screening the articles, reaching consensus through critical discussions with a third author, and using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist. We extracted data regarding types of participatory research approaches and themes. This study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021275187.FINDINGS: Ten of 1445 articles screened were included in the analysis. Using seven types of participatory research approaches, the included studies investigated experiences of approximately 153 residents and 99 staff from seven countries (Australia, Belgium, England, Guyana, Ireland, Sweden, and the Netherlands). We identified five themes, expressed as a conceptual model with recommendations: (1) participatory backdrop; (2) collaborative places; (3) seeking common ground and solidarity; (4) temporal considerations; and (5) empowerment, growth, and cultural change. We recommend researchers allow flexible time for the slow-paced progression and potentially unintended consequences of this emergent approach.INTERPRETATION: This meta-ethnography provides an international and systematic synthesis of a diverse group of small-scale qualitative studies, which are, however, limited by insufficient reporting of participants' age, gender, or ethnicity. FUNDING: The Strategic Research Area in Health Care Science (SFO-V) at Karolinska Institutet and the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (FORTE).
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Gonäs, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Osakliga löneskillnader mellan kvinnor och män : En studie vid Karlstads universitet
- 2005
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- Syftet är att studera orsakerna till de osakliga löneskillnader som registrerats vid lönerevisionerna vid Karlstads universitet år 2000 till 2002. Syfter mynnar ut i den övergripande frågeställningen: Vilka processer medverkar till att skapa och återskap de osakliga löneskillnaderna mellan kvinnor och män? Denna frågeställning är i sin tur nedbruten i tre delar:1. Hur ser könsfördelning och lönesättning ut vid Karlstads universitet i allmänhet ut och mer specifikt för adjunkter och lektorer?2. Skiljer sig arbetuppgifter och arbetets krav mellan adjunkter och lektorer och i så fall på vilket sätt?3. Vilken kunskap har dessa yrkesgrupper om jämställdhetslag och lönebildning och har man kunnat använda denna kunskap i de egna löneförhandlingarna? Finns det könsvisa skillnader?Frågeställningarna behandlas i var sin delstude sompresenteras sammantaget i rapporten. Del ett svarar mot den första frågeställningen och beskriver hur kvinnor och män fördelas inom universitetet med avseende på t.ex. yrke och avdelning samt hur löneskillnaderna ser ut och kan förklaras. I den andra delen tillämpas en metod för arbetsvärdering av lektorers och adjunkters arbetsuppgifter i relation till lön. I den tredje delen presenteras hur anställda vid Karlstads universitet ser på jämställdhetslagen och hur den kan tillämpas i den egna situationen
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| 34. |
- Heinrichs, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of chironomid biostratigraphy from Lake Vuolep Njakajaure with vegetation, lake-level, and climate changes in Abisko National Park, Sweden
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Paleolimnology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0921-2728 .- 1573-0417. ; 36:2, s. 119-131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chironomid remains from the sediment of Lake Vuolep Njakajaure reflect limnological conditions resulting from changing climate and vegetation throughout the Holocene, but do not strictly follow accepted climate trends or the vegetation history based on regional pollen and macrofossil analyses. Chironomid community changes appear to be influenced by organic nutrient input from the surrounding catchment vegetation and lake hydrology, both of which are indirectly responding to some combination of climate change, hypolimnetic oxygen concentration, and changes in basin morphology. The chironomid-based quantitative mean July air-temperature reconstruction differs from other regional quantitative records; this discrepancy is likely related to limnological conditions particular to Lake Vuolep Njakajaure. Comparison of a northern Swedish temperature transfer function and one from western Canada reveals differences in the mean July air-temperature optima of several common taxa, suggesting that the existing conservative estimates of Holocene climate change in northern Sweden may be underestimated due to the limited temperature gradient captured by the Swedish training set.
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| 35. |
- Hjelm-Wallén, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Det behövs mer än värnplikt
- 2016
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Ingår i: Svenska dagbladet. - 1101-2412. ; :2016-10-07, s. 6-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Människors säkerhet handlar om mycket mer än det rent militära. Därför är det är dags att överväga att införa allmän medborgartjänst för alla medborgare kring tjugoårsåldern.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Holth, Line, et al.
(författare)
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IT-ingenjörers etablering på arbetsmarknaden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Arbetsmarknad & Arbetsliv. - Karlstad : Karlstads universitet. - 1400-9692 .- 2002-343X. ; 18:2, s. 13-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Kvinnor utgör en klar minoritet inom området informations- och kommunikationsteknologi, både inom den högre utbildningen och på arbetsmarknaden. Artikeln problematiserar relationen mellan den högre tekniska utbildningen och positioner på arbetsmarknaden. Får kvinnor och män samma utbyte av sin ingenjörsexamen i arbetslivet? Resultaten visar att män i större utsträckning än kvinnor når högre positioner. Vidare ser vi att kvinnor stannar i lågkvalificerade jobb i högre utsträckning än män.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Hwang, Amy S., et al.
(författare)
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Sustaining care for a parent with dementia : an indefinite and intertwined process
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to understand how adult children sustain caring for persons with dementia (PwDs) within their family and formal care contexts in Canada. Half-day focus groups were conducted with adult daughters and adult sons in Toronto, Canada. Using constructivist grounded theory, we examined both substantive concepts and group dynamics. Sustaining care was interpreted as an indefinite process with three intertwined themes: reproducing care demands and dependency, enacting and affirming values, and “flying blind” in how and how long to sustain caring (i.e., responding to immediate needs with limited foresight). Family values and relationships, mistrust toward the institutional and home care systems, and obscured care foresight influenced care decisions and challenged participants in balancing their parents’ needs with their own. Positive and negative aspects of care were found to influence one another. The implications of these findings for research and policy are discussed.
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| 41. |
- Johansson, Henrik J., et al.
(författare)
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Retinoic acid receptor alpha is associated with tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Publishing Group: Nature Communications. - 2041-1723. ; 4:3175
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- About one-third of oestrogen receptor alpha-positive breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen relapse. Here we identify the nuclear receptor retinoic acid receptor alpha as a marker of tamoxifen resistance. Using quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics, we show that retinoic acid receptor alpha protein networks and levels differ in a tamoxifen-sensitive (MCF7) and a tamoxifen-resistant (LCC2) cell line. High intratumoural retinoic acid receptor alpha protein levels also correlate with reduced relapse-free survival in oestrogen receptor alpha-positive breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant tamoxifen solely. A similar retinoic acid receptor alpha expression pattern is seen in a comparable independent patient cohort. An oestrogen receptor alpha and retinoic acid receptor alpha ligand screening reveals that tamoxifen-resistant LCC2 cells have increased sensitivity to retinoic acid receptor alpha ligands and are less sensitive to oestrogen receptor alpha ligands compared with MCF7 cells. Our data indicate that retinoic acid receptor alpha may be a novel therapeutic target and a predictive factor for oestrogen receptor alpha-positive breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant tamoxifen.
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| 42. |
- Kottorp, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Access to and use of everyday technology among older people : An occupational justice issue – but for whom?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Science. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1442-7591 .- 2158-1576. ; 23:3, s. 382-388
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research into older people's use of remote controls, mobile phones, digital home appliances, and computerized communication systems reveals that many have difficulty accessing and using these everyday technologies. By using occupational justice theory as a lens onto this technological development, we argue in this commentary that critical analysis of the findings from an occupational perspective reveals systematic injustices that disadvantage certain sectors of the older population. In particular we propose that, contrary to what might be expected, diagnosis or disability is not the sole marker for a vulnerable population at high risk of occupational injustices. Rather, the empirical findings support that other aspects (e.g., economic, educational) may also be influencing both everyday technology access and use among the older population. In light of these concerns, we argue that (a) occupation-centred outcome measures are needed to target everyday technology populations at risk of occupational injustices, and (b) future studies evaluating the access and use of everyday technology among older people must also monitor and target socio-demographic diversities.
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| 43. |
- Kottorp, A., et al.
(författare)
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Housing for ageing LGBTQ people in Sweden : a descriptive study of needs, preferences, and concerns
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 23:5, s. 337-346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: Background/aim: With an increasing number of ageing people who identify themselves as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer (LGBTQ), there is a risk that traditional housing for older people fails to meet the needs of these people. The aim of this study was to describe LGBTQ people’s needs, preferences, and concerns according to ageing and housing.Materials and methods: Based on a survey (n =487), and six focus-group discussions (n =30), with LGBTQ persons, quantitative and qualitative approaches were used to analyse the findings.Results: When comparing the ranking of preferences (in terms of activity options, environmental features, and staff competence) in a senior housing setting between the LGBTQ people (n =200) and heterosexual matched controls (n =198), only minor differences were detected. The findings from the focus groups included: (1) a dilemma between segregation and openness, (2) the importance of safety associated with ageing together with persons with similar experiences, and (3) networks of persons at different ages connected through close friendship supported participation in activities in LGBTQ-profiled senior housing.Conclusion and significance: The findings provide knowledge to improve awareness of sexual orientation when it comes to needs and preferences in relation to ageing and housing in a Swedish context.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Lindahl, Jeanette
(författare)
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Optimerad fysisk vårdmiljö på akutmottagning : ur patienters, närståendes och personals perspektiv
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aim: This dissertation called the COPE (Caring Optimized Physical Environment) project, aimed to evaluate the perceptions of patients, family members, and staff regarding support from the physical environment, with a focus on light, color, and person-centered climate, before and after there furbishment and remodeling of an emergency department (ED).Methods: A quasi-experimental design was employed, implementing evidence-based design principles for light and color in the ED. The study evaluated the perceived support and person-centered climate among participants using a newly developed and validated questionnaire, the Light and Color Questionnaire (LCQ). It also validated a Swedish version of the Person-centered Climate Questionnaire for family members (PCQ-F). A total of 600 participants, including patients, family members, and staff, were included in the study.Results: The scores for the perceptions of light and color and person centered climate were higher after the redesign than before for patients, family members, and staff. Thus, redesign of a healthcare environment based on knowledge and experience in light and color design corresponded with a positive change in self rated perceived support of that environment to all three groups: patients, family members, and staff. The redesign involved enhancing access to natural daylight by incorporating additional windows and diverse artificial lighting options. The redesign also included the use of color coding to facilitate way finding and uniform colors for shared floor surfaces and contrasting colors for non-patient areas to enhance safety.Conclusion: The intervention, which focused on optimizing lighting and color in the ED, coincided with an increased perceived support from light and color for patients, family members, and staff. Further, the changes in light and color, along with the overall redesign, concurred with a higher score for perceived person-centered climate. These findings emphasize the importance of evidence-based design interventions and highlight the potential benefits they can bring to staff and patients in other health care settings.
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| 46. |
- Malinowsky, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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An approach to facilitate healthcare professionals' readiness to support technology use in everyday life for persons with dementia
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - Stockholm : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 21:3, s. 199-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Everyday technologies (ETs) like microwave ovens and automatic telephone services as well as assistive technologies (ATs) are often used in the performance of everyday activities. As a consequence, the ability to manage technology is important. This pilot study aimed to clarify the applicability of a model for knowledge translation to support healthcare professionals, to support technology use among older adults with dementia and their significant others. An additional aim was to explore the process of translating the model into practice. The applicability of the model (comprising a one-day course, including introduction and provision of tools, followed by interviews during and after a period of practice) was clarified for 11 healthcare professionals using a constant comparative approach. The content of the model gave the participants an eye-opening experience of technology use among persons with dementia. They also described how they had incorporated the model as a new way of thinking which supported and inspired new investigations and collaborations with colleagues and significant others. This study provided an applicable model of how research knowledge about technology use can be translated into clinical practice and be used by healthcare professionals to support the use of technology for persons with dementia.
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| 47. |
- Malinowsky, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in the technological landscape over time : Relevance and difficulty levels of everyday technologies as perceived by older adults with and without cognitive impairment
- 2015
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Ingår i: Technology and Disability. - : IOS Press. - 1055-4181 .- 1878-643X. ; 27:3, s. 91-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Everyday technology, ET (e.g. computers, TV's and vending machines) perceived as relevant and used in everyday activities change continuously. Not being able to keep up with these changes may hinder participation in activities.OBJECTIVE: To investigate stability and change in perceived relevance of ET, and in levels of perceived ET difficulty across two different occasions in time and between two similar samples of older adults with and without cognitive impairment.METHODS: Data of perceived relevance and difficulty in ET use in the samples (n = 157/118), collected with the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ) was investigated.RESULTS: Thirty-three (70%) of the ETs in the ETUQ significantly increased in relevance, while the perceived levels of difficulty were statistically similar in 40/47 ETs (85%) across the two time occasions.CONCLUSIONS: The perceived relevance of ET among older adults with and without cognitive impairment was indicated to increase over time, but the levels of perceived levels of difficulty of ETs did not change as much. This knowledge could be used to support and facilitate ET use in the aging population, and in general to influence society's view of older people as active users of ET in activities at home and in public spaces.
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| 48. |
- Malinowsky, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in the technological landscape over time : everyday technologies relevance and difficulty levels as perceived by older adults with and without cognitive impairment
- 2015
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Ingår i: Technology and Disability. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society. - 1055-4181.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Everyday technology, ET (e.g. computers, TV's and vending machines) perceived as relevant and used in everyday activities change continuously. Not being able to keep up with these changes may hinder participation in activities. OBJECTIVE: To investigate stability and change in perceived relevance of ET, and in levels of perceived ET difficulty across two different occasions in time and between two similar samples of older adults with and without cognitive impairment. METHODS: Data of perceived relevance and difficulty in ET use in the samples (n= 157/118), collected with the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ) was investigated. RESULTS: Thirty-three (70%) of the ETs in the ETUQ significantly increased in relevance, while the perceived levels of difficulty were statistically similar in 40/47 ETs (85%) across the two time occasions. CONCLUSIONS: The perceived relevance of ET among older adults with and without cognitive impairment was indicated to increase over time, but the levels of perceived levels of difficulty of ETs did not change as much. This knowledge could be used to support and facilitate ET use in the aging population, and in general to influence society's view of older people as active users of ET in activities at home and in public spaces.
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| 49. |
- Malinowsky, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in the use of everyday technology among persons with MCI, SCI and older adults without known cognitive impairment
- 2017
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Ingår i: International psychogeriatrics. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1041-6102 .- 1741-203X. ; 29:7, s. 1193-1200
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: To use valid subjective reports sensible to cognitive decline is vital to identify very early signs of dementia development. Use of everyday technology (ET) has been shown to be sensitive to differentiate adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from controls, but the group with subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) has not yet been examined. This study aims to investigate and compare self-perceived ability in ET use and number of ETs reported as actually used in a sample of older adults with SCI, MCI, and older adults with no known cognitive impairment, i.e. controls.Methods: Older adults with MCI (n = 29), SCI ( n = 26), and controls (n = 30) were interviewed with the short version of the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (S-ETUQ) to capture self-perceived ability in ET use and number of ETs used. To generate individual measures of ability to use ET, Rasch analysis was used. The measures were then compared group-wise using ANCOVA. The numbers of ETs used were compared group-wise with ANOVA.Results: Controls versus SCI and MCI differed significantly regarding ETs reported as used, but not SCI versus MCI. Similarly, in ability to use ET, controls versus SCI and MCI differed significantly but not SCI versus MCI.Conclusions: The significantly lower numbers of ETs reported as actually used and the lower ability in SCI and MCI groups compared to controls suggest that ET use is affected already in very minor cognitive decline. This indicates that self-reported ET use based on the S-ETUQ is sensitive to detect changes already in SCI.
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| 50. |
- Malinowsky, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Everyday technology use among older adults in Sweden and Japan : A comparative study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 25:6, s. 446-456
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: As context may impact everyday technology (ET) use it is relevant to study this within different contexts.Aims: To examine the usefulness of the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ) in different contexts by investigating and comparing (1) the level of challenge of ETs in the ETUQ and (2) the relevance of and perceived ability to use ET in samples of Swedish and Japanese older adults.Materials and methods: The Swedish and the Japanese samples (n = 86/86) were interviewed using the ETUQ about relevance of and perceived ability to use ET. Data were analyzed using Rasch analysis, chi square and a general linear model. Moreover, Differential Item Functioning (DIF) was investigated.Results: The hierarchy of ETs’ level of challenge was generally stable in the two contexts. On group-level, the relevance was somewhat higher and the perceived ability to use ET significantly higher in the Swedish sample than in the Japanese.Conclusions and significance: The similarities and differences between the technological landscapes of Sweden and Japan could be detected by ETUQ, demonstrating its usefulness in both countries. The potential causes to the differences in relevance of and perceived ability to use ET between older adults in Sweden and Japan need further exploration.
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