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- Dahlqvist, Ake, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep apnea and Down's syndrome
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 123:9, s. 1094-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnea has been reported to occur in 20-50% of children with Down's syndrome in case series of patients referred for evaluation of suspected sleep apnea. In this population-based controlled study, we aimed to investigate whether sleep apnea is related to Down's syndrome.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Every child aged 2-10 years with Down's syndrome residing in the Umeå healthcare district (n = 28) was invited to participate in the study, with their siblings acting as controls. Successful overnight sleep apnea recordings and echocardiography were performed in 17/21 children with Down's syndrome and in 21 controls.RESULTS: Obstructive sleep apnea could not be diagnosed, either in children with Down's syndrome or in the control children. The apnea-hypopnea index in the children with Down's syndrome was 1.2 +/- 1.5 and did not differ from that in controls. Snoring and hypertrophy of the tonsils were more common in children with Down's syndrome than in controls. Children with Down's syndrome slept for a shorter time (p < 0.001) and changed body position more often (p < 0.05) than the control children.CONCLUSIONS: Snoring, restless sleep and hypertrophy of the tonsils were common among children with Down's syndrome. Obstructive sleep apnea was, however, not related to Down's syndrome in the present population-based controlled study.
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- Holt, Kristoffer, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Photos on facebook : Photos on Facebook – 24 youths about social visual communication on Facebook
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper deals with the question why youths are publishing photos digitally and how they think about making private photographs public. It also looks into differences between men and women regarding their attitude towards publishing photos in this way.By focus group interviews, we have examined how 18-year-old high school students in Sweden reflect over photos and photo publishing on the online social networkFacebook. Three focus groups consisting of women and three focus groups consisting of men were asked questions about four different themes: mediatization, integrity, self-presentation and ethics.The results show that the youths live mediated lives and that there is, to them, an intimate link between their digital selves and their real life-selves. With the use of photographs, they re-tell events from real life on Facebook. They also use photographs to construct their digital selves, and these images are seen as important for how they are perceived by others. The girls in the focus groups claim that they publish more photos of themselves than the boys, and are more conscious of how they appear on these photos. The youths do take in mind how an unknown public can take part of the information that is digitally gathered about them, and therefore defend their integrity on Facebook since they want to control the existence of the photos they are occurring on. Furthermore, the youths show an understanding of the ethical dilemmas involved, but do not see this as a problem since they claim to often know the publisher of these photos, and express that since they only upload photos of their friends, they would never publish unethical photos on Facebook themselves.
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- Palma, Carolina Falcato Fialho, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of UV radiation on transcript and metabolite accumulation are dependent on monochromatic light background in cucumber
- 2021
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Ingår i: Physiologia Plantarum. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0031-9317 .- 1399-3054. ; 173:3, s. 750-761
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During recent years we have advanced our understanding of plant molecular responses to ultraviolet radiation (UV, 280-400 nm); however, how plants respond to UV radiation under different spectral light qualities is poorly understood. In this study, cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus ‘Lausanna RZ F1’) were grown under monochromatic blue, green, red and broadband white light in combination with UV radiation. The effects of light quality and UV radiation on acclimatory responses were assessed by measuring transcript accumulation of ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), CHALCONE SYNTHASE 2 (CHS2) and LIGHT HARVESTING COMPLEX II (LHCII), and the accumulation of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids in the leaves. The growth light backgrounds differentially regulated gene expression and metabolite accumulation. While HY5 and CHS2 transcripts were induced by blue and white light, LHCII was induced by white and red light. Furthermore, UV radiation antagonized the effects of blue, red, green, and white light on transcript accumulation in a gene dependent manner. Plants grown under blue light with supplementary UV radiation increased phenylalanine, flavonol disaccharide I and caffeic acid contents compared to those exposed only to blue light. UV radiation also induced the accumulation of flavonol disaccharide I and II, ferulic acid hexose and coumaric acid hexose in plants grown under green light. Our findings provide further understanding of plant responses to UV radiation in combination with different light spectra and contribute to the design of light recipes for horticultural practices that aim to modify plant metabolism and ultimately improve crop quality.
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| 7. |
- Palma, Carolina Falcato Fialho, et al.
(författare)
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Metabolic changes in cucumber leaves are enhanced by blue light and differentially affected by UV interactions with light signalling pathways in the visible spectrum
- 2022
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Ingår i: Plant Science. - : Elsevier. - 0168-9452 .- 1873-2259. ; 321
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ultraviolet radiation (UV, 280-400 nm) as an environmental signal triggers metabolic acclimatory responses. However, how different light qualities affect UV acclimation during growth is poorly understood. Here, cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus) were grown under blue, green, red, or white light in combination with UV. Their effects on leaf metabolites were determined using untargeted metabolomics. Blue and white growth light triggered the accumulation of compounds related to primary and secondary metabolism, including amino acids, phenolics, hormones, and compounds related to sugar metabolism and the TCA cycle. In contrast, supplementary UV in a blue or white light background decreased leaf content of amino acids, phenolics, sugars, and TCA-related compounds, without affecting abscisic acid, auxin, zeatin, or jasmonic acid levels. However, in plants grown under green light, UV-induced accumulation of phenolics, hormones (auxin, zeatin, dihydrozeatin-7-N-dihydrozeatin, jasmonic acid), amino acids, sugars, and TCA cycle-related compounds. Plants grown under red light with UV mainly showed decreased sugar content. These findings highlight the importance of the blue light component for metabolite accumulation. Also, data on interactions of UV with green light on the one hand, and blue or white light on the other, further contributes to our understanding of light quality regulation of plant metabolism.
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| 8. |
- Palma, Carolina Falcato Fialho, et al.
(författare)
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Spectral composition of light affects plant sensitivity to UV-B and photoinhibition in cucumber
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Plant Science. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-462X. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ultraviolet B (UV-B, 280 – 315 nm) and ultraviolet A (UV-A, 315-400 nm) radiation comprise small portions of the solar radiation but regulate many aspects of plant development, physiology and metabolism. Until now, how plants respond to UV-B in the presence of different light qualities is poorly understood. This study aimed to assess the effects of a low UV-B dose (0.912± 0.074 kJ m-2 day-1, at a 6 h daily UV exposure) in combination with four light treatments (blue, green, red and broadband white at 210 μmol m-2 s-1 Photosynthetic active radiation [PAR]) on morphological and physiological responses of cucumber (Cucumis sativus cv. ‘Lausanna RZ F1’). We explored the effects of light quality backgrounds on plant morphology, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, epidermal pigment accumulation, and on acclimation ability to saturating light intensity. Our results showed that supplementary UV-B significantly decreased biomass accumulation in the presence of broad band white, blue and green light, but not under red light. UV‐B also reduced the photosynthetic efficiency of CO2 fixation (α) when combined with blue light. These plants, despite showing high accumulation of anthocyanins, were unable to cope with saturating light conditions. No significant effects of UV-B in combination with green light were observed for gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, but supplementary UV-B significantly increased chlorophyll and flavonol contents in the leaf epidermis. Plants grown under red light and UV-B significantly increased maximum photosynthetic rate and dark respiration compared to pure red light. Additionally, red and UV-B treated plants during with saturating light intensity showed an higher quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII), fraction of open PSII centres and electron transport rate and showed no effect on the apparent maximum quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm) or non-photochemical quenching in contrast to solely red-light conditions. These findings provide new insights into how plants respond to UV-B radiation in the presence of different light spectra.
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| 9. |
- Rosenqvist, Christopher, et al.
(författare)
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Improving the Learning Experience by Harnessing Digital Technology
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics. - : International Institute of Informatics and Cybernetics. - 1690-4532. ; 10:1, s. 35-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper will explore how a social media based E-learning 2.0 solution for formal learning (social IS) can be implemented, focusing on the technology acceptance process.The paper aims to increase the knowledge on how the acceptance regarding social media based E-learning 2.0 information systems for formal learning can be increased and how the acceptance affects the social learning experience. To achieve this, the paper relies on both a qualitative and quantitative approach and is primarily inductive. The paper concludes that the acceptance cannot be seen as a linear process, as is common practice. Instead, one should see the process of acceptance as interlinked with the experience and external variables in a continuous process that can either ‘spiral’ upwards or downwards. Furthermore, the paper identifies the problem of innovation resistance. The paper then analyzes information gathered from industry experts, practitioners and a live case to find how one can improve acceptance and thereby the social learning experience. Once these variables have been identified the paper presents strategic advice. The paper ends by a discussion of the results, both regarding the impact and contrast to previous research as well as highlighting areas for further research.
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| 10. |
- Sjöblom, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Can diabetes medication be reduced in elderly patients? : An observational study of diabetes drug withdrawal in nursing home patients with tight glycaemic control
- 2008
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Ingår i: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-8227 .- 1872-8227. ; 82:2, s. 197-202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To explore the feasibility of withdrawal of diabetes medication in elderly patients with HbA1c £ 6.0%.Methods: HbA1c was measured in 98 patients with known diabetes in 17 nursing homes in Sweden. 32 subjects with HbA1c £ 6.0% participated in the drug withdrawal study. After measuring plasma glucose on three consecutive days, diabetes drugs were reduced, i.e. complete withdrawal of oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs), complete insulin withdrawal when doses were £ 20 units/day and reduced by half in patients on more than 20 units/day.Results: We identified 31 episodes of plasma glucose £ 4.4 mmol/l, most of them nocturnal (n=17). Mean HbA1c was 5.2 % ± 0.4 compared to 7.1 % ± 1.6 in the non-intervention group. Three months after the diabetes drug discontinuation, 24 patients (75%) remained in the intervention group and mean HbA1c was then 5.8 %. ± 0.9. Six months after baseline investigation mean HbA1c in the intervention group was 5.8 % ± 1.1 compared with 6.6 % ± 1.4 in the non-intervention group.Conclusions: Hypoglycaemic events are common among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. The withdrawal of diabetes medication in elderly with tight glycaemic control is safe and may decrease the risk for hypoglycaemia.
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| 11. |
- Östgren, Carl Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Fördel minska diabetesbehandling hos svårt multisjuka med lågt HbA1c : Positiva resultat från utsättningsstudie bland äldre i särskilt boende
- 2009
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 106:24-25, s. 1649-1651
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Hypoglykemier kan orsaka försämring av intellektuella funktioner och ge symtom som oro och agitation. Äldre multisjuka patienter torde vara särskilt känsliga för sådana bieffekter. Vi har på patienter med typ 2-diabetes i särskilt boende genomfört en öppen strukturerad utsättningsstudie av insulin och perorala diabetesläkemedel hos patienter med HbA1c ≤6,0 procent. Av de 32 patienter som fick sina diabetesläkemedel minskade eller utsatta kunde 24 fullfölja studien. I denna grupp steg HbA1c under studien från 5,2 procent till måttliga 5,8 procent efter såväl 3 som 6 månader. Resultaten bör kunna tjäna som stöd för att under kontrollerade former minska eller avveckla diabetesbehandlingen i livets slutskede hos svårt multisjuka patienter med låga HbA1c-nivåer.
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