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- Mycek, M., et al.
(författare)
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Cooperative multi-provider eouting optimization and income distribution
- 2009
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Ingår i: 7th International Workshop on Design of Reliable Communication Networks, 2009. DRCN 2009. - 9781424450473 ; , s. 281-288
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We consider the problem of cooperative distributed routing optimization in multi-domain/multi-provider networks. The main object of our investigation are ASON/G-MPLS transport networks, still the results of our investigations could be extended to any multi-domain network where particular domains have limited mutual visibility of intra-domain resources. This paper refines a distributed decomposition mechanism for reliable cooperative optimization of flow reservation levels introduced, by considering the fundamental issue of fair income distribution. The proposed idea of fair income distribution mechanism has been adopted from the theory of cooperative games (Shapley value). We show the benefits of adopting the proposed income distribution scheme by numerical simulations.
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- Yates, James A. Fellows, et al.
(författare)
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The evolution and changing ecology of the African hominid oral microbiome
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 118:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The oral microbiome plays key roles in human biology, health, and disease, but little is known about the global diversity, variation, or evolution of this microbial community. To better understand the evolution and changing ecology of the human oral microbiome, we analyzed 124 dental biofilm metagenomes from humans, including Neanderthals and Late Pleistocene to present-day modern humans, chimpanzees, and gorillas, as well as New World howler monkeys for comparison. We find that a core microbiome of primarily biofilm structural taxa has been maintained throughout African hominid evolution, and these microbial groups are also shared with howler monkeys, suggesting that they have been important oral members since before the catarrhine-platyrrhine split ca. 40 Mya. However, community structure and individual microbial phylogenies do not closely reflect host relationships, and the dental biofilms of Homo and chimpanzees are distinguished by major taxonomic and functional differences. Reconstructing oral metagenomes from up to 100 thousand years ago, we show that the microbial profiles of both Neanderthals and modern humans are highly similar, sharing functional adaptations in nutrient metabolism. These include an apparent Homo-specific acquisition of salivary amylase-binding capability by oral streptococci, suggesting microbial coadaptation with host diet. We additionally find evidence of shared genetic diversity in the oral bacteria of Neanderthal and Upper Paleolithic modern humans that is not observed in later modern human populations. Differences in the oral microbiomes of African hominids provide insights into human evolution, the ancestral state of the human microbiome, and a temporal framework for understanding microbial health and disease.
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| 8. |
- Dam, B., et al.
(författare)
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Chromogenic Materials and Devices
- 2015
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Ingår i: Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. - 0927-0248 .- 1879-3398. ; 143, s. 591-640
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Dam, B, et al.
(författare)
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Preface
- 2015
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Ingår i: Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. - 0927-0248 .- 1879-3398. ; 143, s. 591-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 10. |
- Mingione, G., et al.
(författare)
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Airframe Noise Reduction Technologies applied to High-Lift Devices of Future Green Regional Aircraft
- 2014
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Ingår i: Greener Aviation 2014: Clean Sky breakthroughs and worldwide status.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regional aircraft typically operate over airports located in the neighbourhood of densely populated areas, with high frequency of take-off / landing events and, hence, they strongly contribute to community noise and gaseous emissions. These issues currently limit further growth of traffic operated by regional airliners which, in the next future, will have to face even more stringent environmental constraints worldwide as prescribed by the civil aviation certification normative and local regulations as well.Therefore, in accordance with ACARE Vision 2020 toward a drastic reduction of air transport environmental impact over next decades, several mainstream technologies have been considered in the frame of Clean Sky JTI – Green Regional Aircraft (GRA) ITD project for application to next-generation regional aircraft. Such technologies are concerning: i) advanced aerodynamics and load control to maximise lift-to-drag ratio in both design and off-design conditions of the whole flight mission profile, thus reducing fuel consumption/ air pollutants emission and also allowing for steeper/ noise-abatement initial climb paths; ii) load alleviation to avoid loads from gust encounter and manoeuvre exceeding given limits, thus optimising the wing structural design for weight saving; iii) low airframe noise to reduce aircraft acoustic impact in approach flight condition.High-Lift-Devices (HLD) in fully-deployed settings represents one of the main sources of aircraft community noise during the approach flight phase and of consequent annoyance perceived by the resident population in the vicinity of airports. Therefore, in the overall scenario as above outlined, several HLD architectures, integrating either matured or more advanced low-noise concepts/technical solutions still preserving high-lift performances, have been investigated in the frame of the GRA ITD project. These HLD have been tailored to different classes/ configurations of future regional aircraft, ranging from high-wing 90-seat Turboprop to low-wing 130-seat Turbofan with different power-plant and engine installation.Technological studies of High-Lift Low-Noise devices carried out in the framework of the GRA ITD project have been presented. Both computational analyses and wind tunnel tests have been described in detail.Some passive acoustic devices have been firstly analysed with different numerical approaches. First of all, the use of conventional liners, as acoustic treatments carefully integrated with the wing, have revealed to be effective in noise detection for a wide range of frequencies. Also side-edge fences have demonstrated a promising aptitude in suppression of the turbulent vortex occurring around the flap side-edge. These encouraging results have been also confirmed during an extensive WT test campaign.Finally, multi-objective optimizations and the numerical assessment of several configurations have been performed by applying both aerodynamic and aeroacoustic methodologies. These studies have showed the successfully design of high-lift technologies with a low noise impact.The most promising among the addressed HLD technologies will be brought to the final demonstration phase within the GRA ITD work programme, in order to assess in a realistic experimental environment (TRL 5) the aircraft low-speed aerodynamic and aero-acoustic performances through WT tests on large-scale (say 1:6) complete A/C powered models.
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| 11. |
- Mingione, G., et al.
(författare)
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Landing gear noise reduction technology development for future green regional aircraft
- 2014
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Ingår i: Greener Aviation 2014: Clean Sky breakthroughs and worldwide status.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the main objectives of the CS-JTI GRA ITD project - Low Noise Configuration domain is the aircraft noise reduction. It is well known that landing gear is one of main sources of airframe noise and therefore several previous projects have been carried out in USA and Europe to investigate relevant low-noise technologies.Nevertheless these studies have addressed mainly wing-mounted main landing gear (MLG) architecture of low-wing large aircraft which is quite different from the fuselage-mounted MLG of high-wing aircraft. Therefore, an activity plan has been defined to address noise reduction of MLG, and of nose landing gear (NLG) as well, for high-wing turboprop regional aircraft, aimed at identifying TRL 3 technologies and increase their maturity level up to TRL 5.The plan includes both numerical and experimental activities with the participation of European industries, research centers, SMEs and universities, as either GRA ITD Members or Partners of projects in the frame of Calls for Proposals (CfP).In 2012 MLG and NLG baseline configurations, being realistic CAD models of actual architectures, have been jointly delivered by Alenia Aermacchi and Messier-Bugatti-Dowty. In the course of 2013 low-noise technologies development is performed, from state-of-art survey and preliminary studies based on semi-empirical approach, to CFD/CAA analyses and basic wind tunnel tests on simplified mock-ups. Technologies under investigation are fairings, wheels hub caps, bay and doors acoustic treatments, partial closure of bay cavity (after gear lowering), spoilers, vortex disintegrators, etc.The paper describes to-date results and the criteria adopted to down-select landing gear low noise devices leading to the choice of best solutions for WT test demonstrations.
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| 13. |
- Nordlinger, B., et al.
(författare)
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Combination of surgery and chemotherapy and the role of targeted agents in the treatment of patients with colorectal liver metastases : recommendations from an expert panel
- 2009
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Ingår i: Annals of Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0923-7534 .- 1569-8041. ; 20:6, s. 985-992
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The past 5 years have seen the clear recognition that the administration of chemotherapy to patients with initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases can increase the number of patients who can undergo potentially curative secondary liver resection. Coupled with this, recent data have emerged that show that perioperative chemotherapy confers a disease-free survival advantage over surgery alone in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with initially resectable liver disease. The purpose of this paper is to build on the existing knowledge and review the issues surrounding the use of chemotherapy +/- targeted agents combined with surgery in the treatment of CRC patients with liver metastases, with a view to providing clinical recommendations. An international panel of 21 experts in colorectal oncology comprising liver surgeons and medical oncologists reviewed the available evidence. In a major change to clinical practice, the panel's recommendation was that the majority of patients with CRC liver metastases should be treated up front with chemotherapy, irrespective of the initial resectability status of their metastases.
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| 14. |
- Petzold, Axel, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnosis and classification of optic neuritis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Lancet Neurology. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 1474-4422 .- 1474-4465. ; 21:12, s. 1120-1134
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is no consensus regarding the classification of optic neuritis, and precise diagnostic criteria are not available. This reality means that the diagnosis of disorders that have optic neuritis as the first manifestation can be challenging. Accurate diagnosis of optic neuritis at presentation can facilitate the timely treatment of individuals with multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease. Epidemiological data show that, cumulatively, optic neuritis is most frequently caused by many conditions other than multiple sclerosis. Worldwide, the cause and management of optic neuritis varies with geographical location, treatment availability, and ethnic background. We have developed diagnostic criteria for optic neuritis and a classification of optic neuritis subgroups. Our diagnostic criteria are based on clinical features that permit a diagnosis of possible optic neuritis; further paraclinical tests, utilising brain, orbital, and retinal imaging, together with antibody and other protein biomarker data, can lead to a diagnosis of definite optic neuritis. Paraclinical tests can also be applied retrospectively on stored samples and historical brain or retinal scans, which will be useful for future validation studies. Our criteria have the potential to reduce the risk of misdiagnosis, provide information on optic neuritis disease course that can guide future treatment trial design, and enable physicians to judge the likelihood of a need for long-term pharmacological management, which might differ according to optic neuritis subgroups.
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| 17. |
- Verslype, C., et al.
(författare)
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The management of pancreatic cancer. Current expert opinion and recommendations derived from the 8th World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer, Barcelona, 2006
- 2007
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Ingår i: Annals of Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0923-7534 .- 1569-8041. ; 18:Suppl. 7, s. VII1-VII10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article summarizes the expert discussion on the management of pancreatic cancer, which took place during the 8th World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer in June 2006 in Barcelona. A multidisciplinary approach to a patient with pancreatic cancer is essential, in order to guarantee an optimal staging, surgery, selection of the appropriate (neo-)adjuvant strategy and chemotherapeutic choice management. Moreover, optimal symptomatic management requires a dedicated team of health care professionals. Quality control of surgery and pathology is especially important in this disease with a high locoregional failure rate. There is now solid evidence in favour of chemotherapy in both the adjuvant and palliative setting, and gemcitabine combined with erlotinib, capecitabine or platinum compounds seems to be slightly more active than gemcitabine alone in advanced pancreatic cancer. There is a place for chemoradiotherapy in selected patients with locally advanced disease, while the role in the adjuvant setting remains controversial. Those involved in the care for patients with pancreatic cancer should be encouraged to participate in well-designed clinical trials, in order to increase the evidence-based knowledge and to make further progress.
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