| 1. |
- Bui, Thanh, et al.
(författare)
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Data Driven Traffic Management Policy
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Large amounts of data and information is generated for different purposes every day in the traffic system. There is an increased interest within the Swedish Transport Administration (STA) in using this data for planning of maintenance, traffic management and strategy work. In this report the first steps towards such a system is developed by the process of defining a business objective, collecting data, understand the data, prepare the data, create a model and evaluate the results. All these different steps were important in the performed study. To find a good case creating business value required lots of discussions and interviews with key figures at STA. The case investigated is to predict the traffic situation on four road segments in Gothenburg based on two years of data for the traffic situation, weather, and road situation including accidents and road works.The data for primarily weather and traffic are not collected for the purpose of being used for this application. This is one reason for that data is missing from some of the data sets for different time periods. One conclusion from the project is that data analysts must be included not only in the data analyze phase, but also in the data collection phase to achieve good results.Different methods for creating data driven models are evaluated and compared based on the two year period of data available. It is found that linear regression performs better than tree-based classification and prediction method regarding performance, while the tree-based method more clearly can create understanding for what variables that correlate to the traffic situation.The methods for developing models based on the data used in this project are generic and are possible to be used when larger data sets are available. Additional data sources, such as events in the city and building works may also be included in such analysis. Furthermore, it is found valuable to have the possibility to develop models on a local computer based on a smaller data set, and make the final computations based on the larger data sets in a cloud based solution.
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| 2. |
- Apanasevic, Tatjana, et al.
(författare)
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Crowdsourcing and Public Transportation : Barriers and Opportunities
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 23rd Biennial Conference of the International Telecommunications Society (ITS). - : International Telecommunications Society.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the last decade, private companies have successfully used crowdsourcing to revolutionise mobility, while public transport companies are still mostly failing to utilise the benefits of crowdsourcing. The application of crowdsourcing in public transport is a new area of academic research, and research on crowdsourcing en route in real-time is missing. This research aims to address this gap, explore opportunities and challenges of this type of crowdsourcing, and conceptualise this phenomenon. The research is based on empirical data collected in five Northern European countries. Our research findings help identify areas where crowdsourcing en route can add value to public transport: new forms of communication, opportunities to communicate with third parties, and improved transit planning and optimisation. Identified challenges are related to behavioural change for users, a need to develop infrastructure to enable crowdsourcing en route, and financial rationalities.
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| 3. |
- Arnestrand, Elias, et al.
(författare)
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Nationell digital infrastruktur för kombinerad mobilitet : mot en smartare organisation
- 2024
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Ingår i: Sammanställning av referat från Transportforum 2024. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 234-235
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detta abstract är en del av Trafikverkets regeringsuppdrag Mobilitet som en tjänst. Kombinerad mobilitet innebär att flera transportrelaterade tjänster kombineras till en resa, där kollektivtrafiken är ett viktigt grundfundament. Kombinerad mobilitet kräver dock att det finns data tillgängligt och tjänster som möjliggör kombinationen. det vill säga en väl fungerande digital infrastruktur. Idag finns brister i hur denna digitala infrastruktur i Sverige är organiserad, vilket adresseras i en rapport framtagen inom ramen för Trafikverkets regeringsuppdrag inom Kombinerad mobilitet. I arbetet definieras och utvecklas vad en digital infrastruktur för kombinerad mobilitet består av, och varför organisationen av den blivit alltmer viktig. Genom en handfull djupintervjuer och sammanställning av tidigare genomförda studier beskriver rapporten hur den digitala infrastrukturen för kombinerad mobilitet är organiserad i Sverige, Finland och Norge, samt skillnader mellan Sverige och övriga länder. Avslutningsvis presenteras ett antal rekommendationer. Det finns många likheter mellan de nordiska länderna när det kommer till kollektivtrafik och kombinerad mobilitet. Exempelvis präglas nordisk kollektivtrafik av regionalt ansvar och väl utbyggda kollektivtrafiksystem. Länderna har dock organiserat den digitala infrastrukturen på olika sätt, vilket påverkar utvecklingen i respektive land.De nordiska länderna har i vissa avseenden valt olika vägar för att organisera digital infrastruktur för kombinerad mobilitet. Detta beror sannolikt på en rad olika faktorer, främst historiska och faktorer som rör hur digitaliseringsfrågorna hanterats i samband med omorganisationer. Det finns en avgörande skillnad mellan de nordiska länderna när det kommer till statens roll i att styra utvecklingen av digital infrastruktur för kombinerad mobilitet. Skillnaden har att göra med hur mycket staten styr utvecklingen. Utifrån analysen av organisationen i de nordiska länderna har ett antal utvecklingsområden identifierats. Det första utvecklingsområdet pekar på behovet av att tydliggöra vilka roller olika aktörer bör ta i ansvaret för den digitala infrastrukturen. Det andra utvecklingsområdet handlar om ett ökat fokus på trafikslag utanför kollektivtrafiken och det sista området att samordna kompetens kring digital infrastruktur.
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| 4. |
- Carlsson, Raul, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges when digital services for sustainable everyday travel is innovated
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In 2020 according to Traffic Authorities, if all car commuters shift from using cars one day a week to use public transport the green-house reduction goals in Western Sweden in relation to transport will be met. A shift from cars to public ways of transport means a step towards the objective eco-effectiveness (Watson et. al. 2010) as commuters actively change their behavior and consume lesser natural resources to achieve the same travel goal. It is also a step towards eco-equity. By using means of commuter transport functions and services with better environmental performance (such as bicycle or public transport systems like bus, tram or train) each commuter consumes less resources which leaves more resources for future generations, and if the systems are well-trimmed it may even be made to balance with nature’s regeneration capability of energy resources. We argue that it is the responsibility of IS researchers to investigate and evaluate how IS/IT may improve the environmental performance of the systems they work with, and in particular if IT/IS may serve as a persuasive force to stimulate shifts towards more eco-friendly alternatives of transportation. For example, we consider it our responsibility to investigate how IS/IT may increase the eco-efficiency of transportation assets when the volume of travelers of shared resources increases as a consequence of such a shift. People should be able to plan their trip in a way suitable for them as individuals while at the same time being supported to choose sustainable alternatives. In practice they should be able to base decisions regarding trips on information about the reliability of transport services and traffic, on the price, and on the environmental performance, provided to them via digital context based information services. In order to succeed in innovation of new digital services for sustainable travel a number of challenges must be prevailed. These challenges can be related to consumers, service and transport suppliers and governmental authorities in the public transport context.
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| 5. |
- Cronholm, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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The Need for Systems Development Capability in Design Science Research : Investigating the role of an Innovation Lab as part of the academy
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Information systems as an artefact-oriented discipline require a strong interaction between researches, developers and users regarding, design of, development of, and the study of the use of digital artefacts in social settings. During latter years performing research in a design science research spirit has gained increasing interest. In larger scale design research endeavours access to systems development capabilities becomes necessary. Such a unit, an InnovationLab, was established in 2006 in a university setting in Sweden. In this paper we are investigating the five years of experience from running this InnovationLab. Our findings point to an innovation lab being valuable for research in general and especially for design science research. However, in order to balance the business of an innovation lab it will be necessary to provide services for other stakeholders (such as administrative units, teachers, and students) as means for developing systems development capability aimed for supporting researchers.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Cronholm, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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The need for systems development capability in design science research: enabling researcher-systems developer collaboration
- 2013
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Ingår i: Information Systems and E-Business Management. - : SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY. - 1617-9846 .- 1617-9854. ; 11:3, s. 335-355
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Information systems as an artefact-oriented discipline require a strong interaction between researchers, developers and users regarding design of, development of, and the study of the use of digital artefacts in social settings. During recent years, performing research in a design science research spirit has gained increasing interest. In larger scale design research endeavours, access to systems development capabilities becomes necessary. Such a unit, InnovationLab, was established in 2006 in a university setting in Sweden. In this paper we are investigating the 5 years experience of running this InnovationLab. Our findings point to an innovation lab being valuable for research in general and especially for design science research. However, in order to balance the business of an innovation lab, it will be necessary to provide services for other stakeholders (such as administrative units, teachers, and students) as a means for developing systems development capability aimed at supporting researchers.
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| 8. |
- Eriksson, Glenn, et al.
(författare)
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Skapa värde med öppna data : Ett tjänsteperspektiv
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Allt fler offentliga myndigheter står inför eller har delvis genomfört tillängliggörande av interna data till allmänheten - s.k. öppna data. Detta förväntas leda till nya innovativa tjänster utvecklade av intermediärer - tredjepartsutvecklare. För att stimulera sådana utvecklingsaktiviteter behöver de öppna datakällorna skapa värde för tredjepartsutvecklare. Det projekt, i vilken denna rapport är en slutredovisning, har tagit fram verktyg för att mäta tredjepartsutvecklares upplevda värde av Trafikverkets öppna data.Arbetet med att identifiera hur en organisation kan skapa värde med öppna datatjänster vägledde projektet till att undersöka existerande forskning och erfarenhet om hur värde skapas inom tjänstesektorn. Rapporten presenterar sex områden vilka skapar värde för tredjepartsutvecklare av Trafikverkets öppna datatjänster.DataformatDataupplösningFörädling av tjänsteinnehållSupport och kundbehovKundrelation och partnerskapÖppenhet och transparensProjektet genomförde djupintervjuer med tredjepartsutvecklare som visar på behov och synpunkter på hur Trafikverket kan skapa ett ökat värde med öppna datatjänster.
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| 9. |
- Hagström, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Rapport och rekommendationer från NSÖD
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Inom Nationell Skalning Öppna Data (NSÖD) har vi både genererat kunskap men också analyserat dokumenterade erfarenheter och råd från genomförda projekt och andra organisationer. I denna rapport har vi sammanställt dessa samlade erfarenheter och gör rekommendationer till andra om hur resultatet kan och bör hanteras vidare. De två huvudsakliga tilltänkta mottagarna av resultatet från NSÖD är DIGG och projektet Nationell dataverkstad för kommunal och regional datadelning (Dataverkstad) som samordnas av Västra Götalandsregionen (VGR). Det finns andra mindre användare av resultatet (t.ex. enskilda kommuner) och det kommer troligtvis finnas ännu fler längre fram men det är också troligt att DIGG och Dataverkstaden då har utvecklat arbetet och stödet ännu mer. Den viktigaste anledningen till att DIGG är mottagare är att undvika “projektdöden”, d.v.s. att projektets resultat riskerar bli bortglömt samt oförändrat efter projekttiden (och med tiden därför blir allt mindre relevant). Genom att DIGG tar emot material från NSÖD och gör det till en del av sitt befintliga stöd kan det leva vidare och uppdateras (särskilt vägledningar och rekommendationer). DIGG och NSÖD har dessutom arbetat nära tillsammans kring flera viktiga projektleveranser så att resultatet direkt ägs och förvaltas av DIGG. Leveranserna från NSÖD har alltså varit anpassade för att enkelt kunna tas över och förvaltas av DIGG. Den främsta anledningen till Dataverkstaden som mottagare är att det projektet kan och bör fortsätta det mer praktiska arbete som NSÖD har bedrivit. Det finns praktiska lärdomar och erfarenheter som är direkt relevanta för Dataverkstaden. I viss mån finns också formellt stöd som VGR borde ta över och förvalta och utveckla. Det gäller framför allt vägledningar och specifikationer för hur specifika mängder av öppna data bör formateras och publiceras.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Hjalmarsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Designing Digital Innovation Contests
- 2012
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Ingår i: Design Science Research in Information Systems. Advances in Theory and Practice. - : Springer Berlin / Heidelberg. - 9783642298622 ; , s. 9-27
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, the phenomena of open data have lent a promise to expand the innovation network of an organization. By allowing this type of access to organizational resources, developers beyond the organizational realm may hence generate new innovative artifacts surpassing existing capabilities. However, as an organization utilizes these innovation capabilities they simultaneously loose significant control over the innovations’ alignment with existing organizational goals. One way to nurture and harness this type of innovation is to arrange a contest where third party developers are invited to attend. Using a Design Science Research approach, such a contest - a type of artifact we coin Digital Innovation Contest - was designed and field-tested in 2011. The contest, WestCoast TravelHack 2011, summoned 76 developers distributed on 20 teams and was based on an idea to both generate novel digital service prototypes and having these applications promote the organizational goal of less energy-consuming ways of everyday travel. We conclude that by following our empirically grounded and theoretically informed guidelines, this type of contest can indeed increase the likelihood of both producing innovative artifacts and aligning these innovations with organizational goals.
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| 12. |
- Hjalmarsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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From contest to market entry : A longitudinal survey of innovation barriers constraining open data service development
- 2015
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Ingår i: ECIS 2015 Completed Research Papers. - : Association for Information Systems. - 9783000502842
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Open data services have emerged as a research field. One important area of investigation within this field is exploration into how sustainable open data markets are created. Contests have become a popular method to propel and catalyse open data service development providing services to such markets. Recent research has identified numerous innovation barriers hampering development adjacent to the contest in developers' effort to transform contest contributions to viable digital services based on open data. Little is however known about what innovation barriers over time constrain the post-contest process to transform initial innovations to finalized open data services ready for market entry. This paper presents a longitudinal survey of innovation barriers constraining teams performing open data service development after an innovation contest. The survey provides insights into 1) 24 innovation barriers constraining development, 2) a comparison of barrier importance based on team progress, and 3) a conceptualisation of phases structuring the process from contests to market entry, stipulating different innovation barriers impact open data service development. The results contribute to the understanding of how sustainable open data markets emerge and serve as a starting point for investigating how different stakeholders can manage innovation barriers constraining open data service development.
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| 13. |
- Hjalmarsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Mind the gap : Exploring stakeholders' value with open data assessment
- 2015
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Ingår i: 2015 48<sup>th</sup> Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781479973675 ; , s. 1314-1323
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is an ongoing movement in society to provide open data as an enabler for innovation and growth. As more data is passed on beyond organizational borders to trigger third party development of services, the expectations on what could be developed using open data increase. Developers have been observed to express frustration over different challenges in the wake of open data provision, such as localization issues, lack of quality in data etc. Knowledge and tools are missing to assess available open data. This absence risks ensuring continual improvement of open data markets and the management of hampering gaps between developers' requests of data and data providers' provision of data. This paper explores the benefits with open data assessment based on an exploratory single case research design.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Hjalmarsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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When designers are not in control - Experiences from using action research to improve researcher-developer collaboration in design science research
- 2010
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Ingår i: Lect. Notes Comput. Sci.. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 3642133347 - 9783642133343 ; 6105, s. 1-15
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Design science research (DSR) has received much attention in the past few years from the field of information systems. This paper argues that control in researcher-developer collaboration during artefact development has not yet received enough attention in design science research even though control is necessary for successful artefact instantiation.Experiences are presented from improving researcher-developer collaboration during DSR by using action research (AR) as means. These experiences are driven from the need to achieve meta-design control throughout the development of artefacts by non-researching system developers when DSR is performed in an authentic setting. The paper shows that the use of AR to both diagnose uncertainty and actively improve building activities may lead to sustainable improvements in researcher-developer collaboration, and hence achieve meta-design control in DSR performed in authentic development environments, as well as enhance progress in DSR methodology development.
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| 16. |
- Juell-Skielse, Gustaf, et al.
(författare)
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Contests as innovation intermediaries in open data markets
- 2014
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Ingår i: Information Polity. - : I O S Press. - 1875-8754 .- 1570-1255. ; 19:3-4, s. 247-262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Innovation contests are becoming popular instruments for stimulating development of digital services using open data. However, experience indicates that only a limited number of the results developed during these events become viable digital services attracting a significant user base. To further deepen our understanding of the role, design and function of innovation contests in open data markets, we conducted a survey of the websites of 33 digital innovation contests. The results of the survey show that organizers design digital innovation contests to function as intermediaries for open data innovation. By analyzing the activities performed by organizers we found several examples of how innovation contests support the participants in designing, implementing and providing services after the contests are concluded. We contribute with a key design element and attributes for the post-contest process of digital innovation contests, which adds to existing key design elements. For future research we suggest to further study open data markets and the intermediary role of digital innovation contests. Moreover we propose to develop guidelines and tools for organizers of digital innovation contests to design contests that better meet the needs of a particular open data market.
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| 17. |
- Juell-Skielse, Gustaf, et al.
(författare)
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Is the public motivated to engage in open data innovation?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Lect. Notes Comput. Sci.. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 9783662444252 - 9783662444269 ; , s. 277-288
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Governments aim to increase democracy by engaging the public in using open data to develop mobile apps and citizen services. They make information available (open data) and organize innovation contests to stimulate innovation with the goal to make new services available for the public to use. But will the public take on the challenge to both develop and provide services to each other? In this paper we use a case study from public transportation to investigate the motivation for individuals and teams to participate in innovation contests. The results show that the motivation for participating is primarily related to fun and enjoyment. We argue that in order to better meet the goals of open data innovation, governments need to follow through the full service innovation cycle and also care for making citizen coproduction in the execution and monitoring phases fun and enjoyable. Currently there is little chance for participants to make profit on a competitive market so governments need to provide other mechanisms to ensure service provisioning. For future research it is suggested to investigate how the later stages of open data innovation can be supported in order to meet the overall goals of open data innovation.
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| 18. |
- Juell-Skielse, Gustaf, et al.
(författare)
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What happens next? : A survey of the afterlife of innovation contests
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of 2014 Pre-ECIS Workshop Rethinking Information Systems in the Public Sector. - : Association for Information Systems.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Innovation contests are becoming popular instruments for stimulating development of digital services using open data. However, experience indicates that only a limited number of the results developed during these events become viable digital services attracting a significant user base. Hence, an unresolved question is how organizers choose to support the service development process after the contest is concluded. To further deepen our knowledge about the design of digital innovation contests and the support for the processes after the contests are concluded, we conducted a survey of the websites of 33 digital innovation contests.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Juell-Skielse, Gustaf, et al.
(författare)
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What happens next? – A survey of the afterlife of innovation contests
- 2014
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Innovation contests are becoming popular instruments for stimulating development of digital services using open data. However, experience indicates that only a limited number of the results developed during these events become viable digital services attracting a significant user base. Hence, an unresolved question is how organizers choose to support the service development process after the contest is concluded. To further deepen our knowledge about the design of digital innovation contests and the support for the processes after the contests are concluded, we conducted a survey of the websites of 33 digital innovation contests. The results of the survey show that the majority of the contests provide a very low level of support or no support at all to the participants after the contests are concluded. Still, during our classification of support actions presented in the survey we also found several examples of how innovation contests choose to support the participants in designing, implementing and providing services after the contests are concluded. We contribute with a key design element and attributes for the post-contest process of digital innovation contests, which adds to existing design elements. Our conclusion is that very few innovation contests take the post-contest process into account. Yet there are examples where organizers of contests bear in mind their own important role in the following service innovation process and provide for example funding and development support to participants. For future research we propose to conduct a more thorough survey including interviews with organizers and participants.
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| 21. |
- Koutsikouri, Dina, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Extending digital infrastructures : A typology of growth tactics
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of the Association for Information Systems. - : Association for Information Systems. - 1536-9323. ; 19:10, s. 1001-1019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital infrastructures enable delivery of information services in functional areas such as health, payment, and transportation by providing a sociotechnical foundation for partnership governance, resource reuse, and system integration. To effectively serve emerging possibilities and changing purposes, however, a key question concerns how an infrastructure can be extended to cater for future services in its functional area. In this paper, we approach such digital infrastructure growth as a challenge of aligning new partners whose digital capabilities spur innovative services that attract more users. We advance an initial typology that covers four growth tactics (i.e., adding services, inventing processes, opening identifiers, and providing interfaces) with the potential to set extension of infrastructures in motion. We then explore the proposed typology by investigating the ways in which its particular tactics successfully extended the scope of a digital infrastructure for public transportation in Stockholm, Sweden. Our insights invite IS scholars to engage more deeply in the development of growth tactics that achieve infrastructure extensions necessary for improving the durability of service delivery.
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| 22. |
- Lind, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Design Science Research for Business Process Design : Organizational Transition at Intersport
- 2010
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Ingår i: Human Benefit through the Diffusion of Information Systems Design Science Research. - : IFIP WG 8.2/8.6 International Working Conference. - 9783642121128 ; , s. 159-178
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Business processes need to be aligned with business strategies. This paper elaborates on experiences from a business process design effort in an action research project performed at Intersport Sweden. The purpose with this project was to create a solid base for taking the retail chain Intersport into a new organizational state where the new process design is aligned with the strategic goals. Although business process modeling is concerned with creating artifacts, traditionally IS design science research has had little impact on research on business process models. In this paper we address the question of how design science research can contribute to business process design. In the paper three heuristic guidelines for creating organizational commitment and strategic alignment in process design are presented. The guidelines are derived from the successful actions taken in the research project. The development of these guidelines is used as a basis to reflect upon the contribution of design science research to business process design.
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| 23. |
- Lnenicka, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Identifying patterns and recommendations of and for sustainable open data initiatives : A benchmarking-driven analysis of open government data initiatives among European countries
- 2024
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Ingår i: Government Information Quarterly. - : Elsevier. - 0740-624X .- 1872-9517. ; 41:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Open government and open (government) data are seen as tools to create new opportunities, eliminate or at least reduce information inequalities and improve public services. More than a decade of these efforts has provided much experience, practices, and perspectives to learn how to better deal with them. This paper focuses on benchmarking of open data initiatives over the years and attempts to identify patterns observed among European countries that could lead to disparities in the development, growth, and sustainability of open data ecosystems. To do this, we studied benchmarks and indices published over the last years (57 editions of 8 artifacts) and conducted a comparative case study of eight European countries, identifying patterns among them considering different potentially relevant contexts such as e-government, open government data, open data indices and rankings, and others relevant for the country under consideration. Using a Delphi method, we reached a consensus within a panel of experts and validated a final list of 94 patterns, including their frequency of occurrence among studied countries and their effects on the respective countries. Finally, we took a closer look at the developments in identified contexts over the years and defined 21 recommendations for more resilient and sustainable open government data initiatives and ecosystems and future steps in this area.
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| 24. |
- Lnenicka, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable open data ecosystems in smart cities : A platform theory-based analysis of 19 European cities
- 2024
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Ingår i: Cities. - : Elsevier. - 0264-2751 .- 1873-6084. ; 148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An understanding of how modern Open Data Ecosystems (ODEs) work is critical in the context of current trends towards sustainability and smartness, while is seen to be an asset to support urban governance and development, in coordinating actions, and fostering civic engagement. This paper aims to establish such understanding by analyzing the contextual patterns, platforms, and components shaping sustainable ODEs by employing platform theory. This study explores and compares characteristics, similarities, differences, and best approaches in 19 cities across 8 countries. In this study we (1) identify 50 patterns that influence and shape sustainable ODEs and their platforms, i.e., Open Data Platform Ecosystems (ODPEs); (2) explore the relationships between platforms and other ODPEs components by developing a respective model, and identifying internal platforms and other components; (3) empirically validate the conceptual findings of five types of ODPEs presented in the literature, redefining them from the conceptual to real-life implementation of the respective components in sample cities; (4) considering the experience gained during the study with respect to the ODPEs and external pressures and environments that shape or influence them, we define 12 recommendations for policy planning and urban governance of more sustainable ODEs.
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| 25. |
- Lund, Agnetha, et al.
(författare)
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Kraftsamling Öppna Trafikdata : En målbild för Sverige
- 2017
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Målet med projektet var att hitta en gemensam nationell målbild för öppna trafikdata med start i den offentliga sektorn och ta fram en handlingsplan med åtgärder för att realisera målbilden. Projektet delades upp i sex workshops där olika fokusområden bearbetades av sex regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter, Trafikverket, Samtrafiken och tredjepartsutvecklare. Projektet finansierades av Vinnova samt av deltagande branschaktörer in-kind där intresset var stort av att få delta i projektet. Arbetet med en målbild för nationella öppna kollektivtrafikdata resulterat i fem områden med förankrade lösningar; datamängder och tjänster, licenser och villkor, IT-arkitektur, organisation samt finansiering. Under projektet gjordes en GAP-analys över vilka data som idag saknas. Fullständiganationella data kring både realtid och mer utförliga tidtabellsdata, biljettförsäljningstjänster samt pendelparkeringsdata var några data och tjänster som idag saknas. Projektet har därför identifierat 12 datamängder och tjänster som kollektivtrafiken behöver tillhandahålla i sin helhet för att möjliggöra smarta mobilitetstjänster. Dessa inkluderar datamängder kring planerad trafik och realtidsinformation samt tjänster för reseplanering och biljettförsäljning. De licenser och villkor som reglerar vidareutnyttjande av tillgängliggjord trafikinformation ska harmoniseras. Tre olika typer av villkor behövs; för vidareanvändning av datamängder, förtillgång/access samt för biljettförsäljning.IT-arkitekturen innehåller en nationell utvecklarportal för tredjepartsutvecklare och en nationellåtkomstpunkt där samtliga 12 datamängder och tjänster tillgängliggörs.
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| 26. |
- Lund, Agnetha, et al.
(författare)
-
Kraftsamling Öppna Trafikdata- en målbild för Sverige
- 2017
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Digitaliseringen i Sverige går bra och vi ligger på tredje plats i Europa enligt Digital Economyand Society Index, DESI, undersökningen för 2017. Index inom offentlig sektor drar dock nervår placering. Motiveringen gör gällande att Sverige ligger över medel i Europa men i arbetetkring öppna data ligger Sverige efter. Mätningar som gjorts av bl.a. Open Data Barometer visapå liknande resultat. Detta är något som Forum för Transportinnovation i Sverige vill ändra på.En grundsten för att påskynda digitaliseringen inom mobilitetsområdet i syfte att bättre kunnahantera klimatmålen och skapa ett smartare resande i framtiden är att tillgängliggöra trafikdatafrån alla aktörer i transportsystemet. På så sätt läggs grunden för att nya smarta tjänster kanutvecklas av tredjepartsutvecklare. Omvärldsanalysen visar att flera globala initiativ somPlannerstack i Holland och Transport for London har nått kraftfulla resultat genom atttillgängliggöra trafikdata. Dessutom har flera nya arbetstillfällen skapats och takten iutvecklingen av smarta tjänster har ökat dramatiskt.Ett gemensamt initiativ tog form i Sverige under 2016 och projekt Kraftsamling ÖppnaTrafikdata startades samma år. Målet med projektet var att hitta en gemensam nationellmålbild för öppna trafikdata med start i den offentliga sektorn och ta fram en handlingsplanmed åtgärder för att realisera målbilden. Projektet delades upp i sex workshops där olikafokusområden bearbetades av sex regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheter, Trafikverket,Samtrafiken och tredjepartsutvecklare. Projektet finansierades av Vinnova samt av deltagandebranschaktörer inkind där intresset var stort av att få delta i projektet. Arbetet med en målbildför nationella öppna kollektivtrafikdata resulterat i fem områden med förankrade lösningar;datamängder och tjänster, licenser och villkor, IT-arkitektur, organisation samt finansiering.Under projektet gjordes en GAP-analys över vilka data som idag saknas. Fullständiganationella data kring både realtid och mer utförliga tidtabellsdata, biljettförsäljningstjänstersamt pendelparkeringsdata var några data och tjänster som idag saknas. Projektet har därföridentifierat 12 datamängder och tjänster som kollektivtrafiken behöver tillhandahålla i sinhelhet för att möjliggöra smarta mobilitetstjänster. Dessa inkluderar datamängder kringplanerad trafik och realtidsinformation samt tjänster för reseplanering och biljettförsäljning.De licenser och villkor som reglerar vidareutnyttjande av tillgängliggjord trafikinformation skaharmoniseras. Tre olika typer av villkor behövs; för vidareanvändning av datamängder, förtillgång/access samt för biljettförsäljning.IT-arkitekturen innehåller en nationell utvecklarportal för tredjepartsutvecklare och en nationellåtkomstpunkt där samtliga 12 datamängder och tjänster tillgängliggörs. En vidareutveckladversion av dagens trafiklab.se kommer vara utgångspunkt för den nationellautvecklingsportalen. Centrala standarder mellan trafikföretag och nationell åtkomstpunkt ärNOPTIS och BoB. Centrala standarder mot tredjepartsutvecklare är GTFS, NeTEx och BoB.Den organisation som krävs ska baseras på ledorden öppenhet och synlighet,professionalism, samskapande och samhällsnytta. Organisationen får en central roll både i attansvara för de centrala tekniska lösningarna och för samverkan inom och utom branschen.Genom denna samverkan får de organisationer som levererar data en aktiv roll i att styraarbetet framåt i den centrala organisationen. Dessutom kommer respektive organisation attansvara för sin dataleverans till den nationella åtkomstpunkten och egna dataleveranserutöver de nationella datamängder som tillgängliggörs genom den nationella åtkomstpunkten.Branschgruppen föreslår att denna organisation realiseras genom Samtrafiken.Finansiering av lösningen kommer på sikt (3 år beräknas för implementering) föreslåsfinansieras via det pågående uppdraget att inrapportera viss gemensam trafikantinformation Fram till denna tidpunkt kommer nödvändiga projektkostnaderfinansieras genom en kombination av resurser från initialt deltagande parter, samtliga parterinom gemensam trafikantinformation samt genom extern finansiering
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| 27. |
- Mohagheghzadeh, Amir, et al.
(författare)
-
Accelerated Tuning of Platform Boundary Resources
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Nordic Contributions in IS Research. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319646947 ; , s. 98-110
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Platform owners develop boundary resources to transfer design capabilities to third-party developers and boost innovation within platform ecosystems. The literature on boundary resources suggests the concept of tuning to depict the process where such resources are shaped through an interactive process involving platform owners, third-party developers and other actors within the platform ecology. While the literature on the tuning of boundary resources is promising and emerging, there is to our knowledge no current studies on platform owners’ measures to speed up this often prolonged process. In this research, we studied how a platform owner sought to accelerate the tuning process of its boundary resource through a case study at Volvo Group Truck Technology. In doing so, Volvo used an innovation contest where third-party developers used several boundary resources and engaged in an accelerated tuning process with Volvo Group Technology.
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| 28. |
- Persson, Per, 1968, et al.
(författare)
-
Technical Debt in the Municipality Sector - The Missing Link with Citizens and Silofication
- 2023
-
Ingår i: The 14th Scandinavian Conference of Information Systems. - : Association for Information Systems.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Public sector organizations suffer from high levels of technical debt (TD). TD leaves digital infrastructures in a derelict state, making digital transformations costly and risky. Though there is growing research about TD, most studies focus on private businesses, and there is a lack of research about TD in the public sector. In this study, we conduct a case study examining the TD in a Swedish municipality, analyzing archival data such as project reports, municipality blog posts on digital transformation, and goals to improve citizen experience. We focus on four information systems that support permit application processes. Analysis results reveal the common TD types, consequences, and possible causes. Departments work in silos, the case manager perspective is prevalent in requirements, and the citizens only have a limited passive role as system users leading to various types of TD and high costs when integrating legacy systems into a coherent IT architecture. By diving deep into the data from a specific forerunner municipality, we identify TD and increase our understanding of how debt influences digital transformation. Results give a stable ground for further research and practice on mitigating the debt.
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| 29. |
- Persson, Per, 1968, et al.
(författare)
-
Toward Citizen-Centered Digital Government : Design Principles Guided Legacy System Renewal in A Swedish Municipality
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 57th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. - : ScholarSpace. - 1530-1605 .- 2572-6862. - 9780998133171 ; , s. 1963-1972
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transformation towards a digital government imposes significant demands on the capabilities of legacy infrastructure. We closely followed a Swedish municipality that designed and implemented a solution to improve the building permit application process with an aim to improve citizen service. We developed six design principles (DPs): availability, timeliness, actionability, transparency, personalization, and generalizability. These DPs guide the solution design and provide a seamless application experience for citizens and business owners. We also discuss the reasoning behind the design choices and the implications of the solution. The artifact encompasses understanding citizens’ needs, identifying constraints of the legacy systems, formulating design principles, and developing architectural designs. However, addressing the social aspects of legacy systems, such as organizational culture change, necessitates additional steps, and is worth investigation in future studies.
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| 30. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Beyond Procurement : How Entur Navigated the Open Source Journey to Advance Public Transport
- 2023
-
Ingår i: IEEE Software. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0740-7459 .- 1937-4194. ; 40:4, s. 62-70
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report describes how software professionals at the Norwegian public transport organization Entur use open source processes and tools to leverage digital transformation. Moving software acquisition from procurement to open source and in-house development can deliver value but also entails challenges.
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| 31. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Beyond Procurement : How Entur Navigated the Open Source Journey to Advance Public Transport
- 2023
-
Ingår i: IEEE Software. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 0740-7459 .- 1937-4194. ; 40:4, s. 62-70
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report describes how software professionals at the Norwegian public transport organization Entur use open source processes and tools to leverage digital transformation. Moving software acquisition from procurement to open source and in-house development can deliver value but also entails challenges.
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| 32. |
- Rudmark, Daniel
(författare)
-
Cities’ Use of MDS as Soft Digital Infrastructure for Micromobility : Key Findings and Challenges
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 28th ITS World Congress 2022. - Los Angeles, USA : World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, the e-scooter has gained exceptional worldwide adoption, and their hybrid vehicle design has placed them in a legislative void. To this end, many cities are developing local regulations to govern and follow-up e-scooter operations within their jurisdiction. As e-scooters are equipped with hardware like SIM cards, GPS sensors, and accelerometers, the vehicles can both collect and act on digital information. Increasingly, cities thus draw on these capabilities using the Mobility Data Specification (MDS) as a soft digital infrastructure to e.g., express local regulations and collect operator data for compliance purposes. This paper uses interview data from European and U.S. cities, e-scooter operators, and systems integrators to provide an overview of the history and components of MDS. The paper also presents cities’ current uses and emerging challenges regarding using MDS for regulation, compliance monitoring, as well as data analytics for physical infrastructure planning.
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| 33. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Crowdpushing : the Flip side of Crowdsourcing
- 2012
-
Ingår i: ECIS 2012 Proceedings. - : Association of Information Systems.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Activities and initiatives of co-creation are traditionally seen as a way for organizations to gain value through the involvement of certain actors in their environment. We notice an implicit assumption in current theoretical conceptualizations that co-creation is initiated and driven exclusively by organizations. However, it appears that co-creation activities may also be driven by third-party actors outside organizations. Based on interviews and secondary data from a public transport company in Stockholm, Sweden, we noticed that third party developers of services, that gained a large and diverse user base, were driving co-creation activities with the respective organization. Subsequently, based on our findings, we introduce the term "crowdpushing" to denote externally driven co-creation activities and frame four propositions to describe how co-creation activities are motivated and driven. Our findings contribute to a broader understanding of co-creation and have implications for its design and deployment.
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| 34. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Design Science Research for Punctuation : the Establishment of a Service Ecosystem
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Service-Oriented Perspectives in Design Science Research. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. - 9783642206320 ; , s. 153-165
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Design Science Research (DSR) is concerned with demonstrating design principles. In order to prove the utility of these principles, design ideas are materialized into artifacts and put into an environment sufficient to host the testing of these principles. When DSR is used in combination with action research, constraints in the environment may restrain researchers to fully inscribe or test such principles. In this paper it is argued that scholars pursuing DSR has paid insufficient attention to the type of change necessary in the local practice. We draw upon theories on IS change as punctuated equilibrium to illustrate when DSR demonstrators can be used to make substantial contributions to local practice as well as to the scientific body of knowledge.
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| 35. |
- Rudmark, Daniel
(författare)
-
Designing Open Platform Emulation
- 2021
-
Ingår i: 42nd International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS), Austin, TX, USA, December 12-15, 2021.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
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| 36. |
- Rudmark, Daniel
(författare)
-
Designing Platform Emulation
- 2021
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Many contemporary firms and public agencies seek to engage external third-party developers to supply complementary applications. However, this type of development sometimes occurs without organizational consent, which creates problems for subjected organizations at both the technical and organizational levels. In this thesis, I have developed a theoretical perspective called open platform emulation. This perspective builds on emulation logics, where designers use an external model as a basis for developing compatible platform capabilities superior to the original model. In this thesis, this model has been external unsanctioned development. In open platform emulation, such capabilities include governance decisions enabling coherence with previously proven solutions, the flexibility to accommodate new development trajectories, and strategies for applying openness to a digital resource. The means to achieve these capabilities involves design rules’ architecture, interfaces, and integration protocols, which convey the capabilities to third-party developers. This way, a platform owner can draw on governance and architectural configurations to emulate self-resourcing behavior through the platform core. I generated the contributions from this thesis by materializing open platform emulation in a clinical setting. More specifically, I used action design research (ADR) together with the Swedish Transport Administration (STA). Starting in early 2012, I led a platform initiative that, in collaboration with the STA, sought to emulate self-resourcing to design an open platform. Here, I conducted two full ADR cycles that resulted in a currently active production platform used by both the STA and external third-party developers. Before this engagement, I also conducted studies of related phenomena within the Swedish public transport industry, and I have continued to follow the STA’s platform trajectory since its release in 2014. The theoretical contributions from this thesis include design principles that seek to guide the designers of open platforms in situations where digital resources are subject to self-resourcing. These design principles cover both product and process aspects throughout the open platform’s developmental trajectory. Also, I offer additional theoretical implications based on this work. These include extensions to current theories on open platforms, different types of platform emulation, an enunciated influence response to outlaw innovation, and methodological implications for guided emergence in ADR.
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| 37. |
- Rudmark, Daniel
(författare)
-
Digital infrastruktur för elsparkcyklar : Resonemang och råd till kommuner
- 2022
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här rapporten riktar sig till dig som söker vägledning om digital infrastruktur och elsparkcyklar, eller har intresse för samspelet mellan policy och digitalisering för elsparkcyklar. Rapporten innehåller sju rekommendationer till kommuner om hur de kan använda den tekniska standarden Mobility Data Specification (MDS) i samband med elsparkcyklar:MDS är lämpligt för svenska kommuner på kort och medellång sikt.MDS är möjligt att använda under GDPR, men det behövs nationella riktlinjer för hur kommuner bör hantera MDS under GDPR.Använd MDS för att uttrycka vissa regler digitalt och bygg också upp central kompetens om hur regler och föreskrifter bäst uttrycks digitalt.Använd MDS för att följa upp regelefterlevnad men komplettera med fysiska kontroller. Införliva säkerhetsmarginaler i regler och sträva efter öppenhet i uppföljningsalgoritmer.Använd MDS i planeringssyfte men var uppmärksam på att tolkningen och implementeringen av GDPR påverkar omfattningen av användbarheten.Ställ krav på att leverantörer publicerar öppna data och överväg om ni kan nyttja en central aktör för att publicera öppna data.Bygg inte eget systemstöd på kommunnivå. Handla i stället upp en extern systemleverantör eller överväg en gemensam systemlösning. Utveckla samtidigt egen kompetens i kommunen om samspelet mellan systemlösningar och trafikpolicyer.Rekommendationerna bygger primärt på intervjuer med personer som arbetar med frågor om mobilitet och digitala tekniska standarder. Majoriteten av de intervjuade organisationerna har en digital infrastruktur för elsparkcyklar, baserad på MDS. De intervjuade arbetar i städer och kommuner, myndigheter, mobilitetsföretag och företag som arbetar med systemintegration, särskilt med MDS. De intervjuade finns i Sverige, inom EU och i USA.
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| 38. |
|
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| 39. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
En nationell digital infrastruktur för kombinerad mobilitet : Mot en smartare organisation
- 2023
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mobilitet som en tjänst – även benämnd kombinerad mobilitet eller mobility as a service (MaaS) är en kombination av olika färdmedelsval för att resenären ska nå önskad målpunkt. Resenären kombinerar olika transportslag som delas med andra, vilket oftast sker med hjälp av en digital plattform. Kombinerad mobilitet kräver dock att det finns data och tjänster som möjliggör kombinationen – en väl fungerande digital infrastruktur. Idag finns brister i hur denna digitala infrastruktur är organiserad vilket rapporten adresserar. Rapporten inleds med vad som avses med en digital infrastruktur för kombinerad mobilitet, och varför organisationen av den blivit alltmer kritisk. De huvudsakliga skälen till den ökande betydelsen är ökade krav från EU att tillhanda data och tjänster, att det krävs proaktivitet från det offentliga för kunna styra infrastrukturen mot transportpolitiska mål, att den traditionella kollektivtrafiken framgent sannolikt kommer att behöva samverka mer med andra trafikslag samt att regionalt självstyre försvårar nationell harmonisering. Dessutom beskriver rapporten hur den digitala infrastrukturen för kombinerad mobilitet är organiserad i Norge, Finland och Danmark och hur detta skiljer sig från svensk organisering.
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| 40. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Feedback Loops in Open Data Ecosystems
- 2022
-
Ingår i: IEEE Software. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 0740-7459 .- 1937-4194. ; 39:1, s. 43-47
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Public agencies are increasingly publishing open data to increase transparency and fuel data-driven innovation. For these organizations, maintaining sufficient data quality is key to continuous re-use but also heavily dependent on feedback loops being initiated between data publishers and users. This paper reports from a longitudinal engagement with Scandinavian transportation agencies, where such feedback loops have been successfully established. Based on these experiences, we propose four distinct types of data feedback loops in which both data publishers and re-users play critical roles.
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| 41. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
From Integration to Data Sharing - How Developers Subvert the Public Sector
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science. - Cham : Springer. - 0302-9743 .- 1611-3349. - 9783031416170 ; , s. 131-147
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores how organizations expand data-sharing capabilities beyond the loci of emergence. This inquiry was ignited from an observation that external developer practices had subverted a public sector organization into developing transformational data-sharing capabilities that effectively replaced existing integration practices within the agency. To detail and explain how the administration was able to draw on the practices and platforms established for an external context in an organizational (internal) context, we analyzed our empirical dataset using dynamic capabilities theory. By unpacking enabling microfoundations and overarching capabilities, we could explain our observations and put forward six microfoundations that underpin three data-sharing capabilities.
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| 42. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Harnessing Digital Ecosystems through Open Data : Diagnosing the Swedish Public Transport Industry
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 27th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS). - : Association for Information Systems. - 9781733632508
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this research-in-progress paper, we present findings from the diagnosing phase of a Canonical Action Research endeavour, together with the Swedish public transport industry. In our investigation, we found that the Swedish public transport industry historically has been able to create substantial value from taking a peripheral position in existing digital ecosystems. Also, we found several types of digital ecosystems that potentially would create future value, using open data from the public transport industry. These ecosystem types are incumbent digital platforms, open source software frameworks, and multi-provider open data ecosystems. This finding is novel to current discussions, as our results point to the paradoxical necessity of taking a more peripheral position towards these nascent digital ecosystems in order to harness their value. This finding implies a need for data providers to develop capabilities that enable such ecosystem participation. Our emerging results suggest that such capabilities include complementary resources, input control compliance, IP waivers, open community practices adoption, and open data boundary-spanners.
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| 43. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Integrerade Mobilitetstjänster : Plattformar, roller och industriarkitekturer – en svensk utblick
- 2017
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Forskningsverksamheten vid K2 inriktar sig mot fem områden samt tre s.k. strategiska case: Effektiva bytespunkter, Regional superbuss, samt Integrerade Mobilitetstjänster. Avdelningen Design & Human Factors vid Chalmers tekniska högskola har, i samverkan med RISE Viktoria, fått i uppdrag att genomföra systematisk omvärldsbevakning av området Integrerade Mobilitetstjänster utifrån ett brett, kollektivtrafikrelaterat perspektiv. Målet är ökad förståelse för hur området utvecklas. Analysen ska särskilt beakta hur utvecklingen bidrar till eller motverkar transportpolitiska målsättningar, speciellt målsättningen att andelen som reser med kollektivtrafik, gång och cykel ska öka. Denna analys utgör den andra analysen i denna serie.
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| 44. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Lessons from the Regulation of E-scooters through the MDS Standard: Policy Lessons for Connected Vehicles
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 56th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. - : IEEE. - 9780998133164
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Connected vehicles generate new data streams that present promising opportunities for policymakers to monitor and learn from events and behavior. To explore what we can learn from how public entities leverage ubiquitous data streams for policy development and enforcement, we draw on a case study of the standard Mobility Data Specification (MDS) and its use by cities to regulate E-scooter operators. Our findings suggest that (1) the richness of real-time data changes the speed of policy revision, (2) data access enables moving some micro-decisions to the edge, and (3) policy will be formulated as fixed or flexible with different amendment rules.
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| 45. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Omvärldsanalys 2K2:s Strategiska case:Integrerade Mobilitetstjänster : Plattformar, roller och industriarkitekturer – en svensk utblick
- 2017
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Forskningsverksamheten vid K2 inriktar sig mot fem områden samt tre s.k.strategiska case: Effektiva bytespunkter, Regional superbuss, samt IntegreradeMobilitetstjänster. Avdelningen Design & Human Factors vid Chalmers tekniska högskola har, i samverkan med RISE Viktoria, fått i uppdrag att genomföra systematisk omvärldsbevakning av området Integrerade Mobilitetstjänster utifrån ett brett, kollektivtrafikrelaterat perspektiv. Målet är ökad förståelse för hur området utvecklas. Analysen ska särskilt beakta hur utvecklingen bidrar till eller motverkar transportpolitiska målsättningar, speciellt målsättningen att andelen som reser med kollektivtrafik, gång och cykel ska öka. Denna analys utgör den andra analysen i denna serie.
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| 46. |
- Rudmark, Daniel
(författare)
-
Open Data Standards : Vertical Industry Standards to Unlock Digital Ecosystems
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 53rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. - : ScholarSpace. - 9780998133133 ; , s. 2063-2072
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Standards are considered an essential means to facilitate value creation from open data. Despite this importance, we find that empirical studies of open data standards have not been conducted in proportion to its importance. In particular, the literature has insofar been silent about why specific standards are chosen and how these standards are implemented. To this end, we report from an action research project with the Swedish public transport industry, where open data standards were both chosen and implemented. Consistent with the literature, we find standards were selected based on expected increased attractivity for re-users. Also, and more surprisingly, we found that open data standards were chosen as a means to harness resources in adjacent digital ecosystems. Finally, our findings convey that implementing open data standards may hamper the possibility to publish datasets, with its original qualities.
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| 47. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
-
Samarbeten för förbättrad trafikinformation : En pilotstudie av samarbetsmöjligheter inom Waze Connected Citizens Program
- 2018
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Denna rapport undersöker explorativt möjligheter, konsekvenser och utmaningar relaterade till fördjupade datasamarbeten mellan offentliga aktörer och privata tjänsteföretag. I projektet undersöks specifikt samarbetsprogrammet Waze CCP och på vilket sätt ett fördjupat samarbete med Waze skulle kunna tillföra nyttor för främst Trafikverket. Rapporten beskriver både innehållet i tjänsten Waze och hur samarbetet mellan Waze och offentliga aktörer ser ut på olika platser i världen. Förutsättningar och konsekvenser för olika tillämpningsområden har studerats närmare ur en svensk kontext och lett fram till ett antal användningsfall där en stor nytta med ett fördjupat samarbete identifierats. Datasamarbeten mellan offentliga aktörer och privata (ofta globala) tjänsteföretag utmanar traditionella arbetssätt och kräver nya former av relationer. Samtidigt innebär framväxten av digitala ekosystem, digitalisering och tillgången till helt nya typer av data stora möjligheter till utveckling av den offentliga verksamheten. De användningsfall som särskilt lyfts fram i rapporten och där fortsatt arbete rekommenderas är:Snabb och heltäckande överblick för trafikledareSömlös navigering i tunnlar utan GPS-täckningRiktad trafikinformation genom analys av resmönsterFörbättrad trafikinformation genom Waze-appen
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| 48. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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The Design of Open Platforms: Towards an Emulation Theory
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 56th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. - : ScholarSpace. - 9780998133164
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The enrolment of third-party developers is essential to leverage the creation and evolution of data ecosystems. When such complementary development takes place without any organizational consent, however, it causes new social and technical problems to be solved. In this paper, we advance platform emulation as a theoretical perspective to explore the nature of such problem-solving in the realm of open platforms. Empirically, our analysis builds on a 10-year action design research effort together with a Swedish authority. Its deliberate change agenda was to transform unsolicited third-party development into a sanctioned data ecosystem, which led to a live open platform that is still in production use. Theoretically, we synthesize and extend received theory on open platforms and offer novel product and process principles for this class of digital platforms.
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| 49. |
- Rudmark, Daniel
(författare)
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The Practices of Unpaid Third-Party Developers : Implications for API Design
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 19th Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS). - : Association of Information Systems. - 9780615559070
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To draw on the innovation capabilities of third-party developers many organizations are currently deploying open application programming interfaces (API’s). While third-party services may offer commercial opportunities for independent software firms, a large portion of existing third-party software are undertaken without any financial compensation. Although unpaid developers offers a potential source for innovation of end-user services, the current literature has largely overlooked how these unpaid actors use and appropriate the technology provided by organizations. To this end, this research pays specific attention to the specific practices of unpaid developers. The data used for analysis were collected through a programming contest – a hackathon – where unpaid developers gather to craft end-user services. Through an ethnographic lens we present a number of recurrent activities and patterns of action employed by developers and from this analysis we present implications for API designers seeking to attract unpaid developers.
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| 50. |
- Rudmark, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Third-Party Development for Multi-Contextual Services : On the Mechanisms of Control
- 2011
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Ingår i: ECIS 2011 Proceedings. - AISnet : Association of Information Systems. ; , s. 1-14
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing adoption of nomadic devices and the associated use of information in numerous use situations pose new challenges for the ISD practice; handling the development of such multi- contextual services covering a broader vignette of users, devices and use situations than typically associated with ISD. Recently organizations have started tapping into development resources in large networks of third-party developers. Such development is enabled through the use of software platforms where developers through boundary resources, such as APIs, may access and extend functionality in new ways. Yet, studies on how organizations are able to control this type of development remains scarce. By synthesizing theory on control and boundary objects we aim at putting a new perspective and gain a greater understanding of how organizations attempt to control such development efforts. As an illustration, we draw upon a case study of a public transportation company which through deployment of a software platform is provided access to a large body of third-party developers. We use this case to study the measures taken to control development.
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