| 1. |
- Vicedo-Cabrera, A.M., et al.
(författare)
-
The burden of heat-related mortality attributable to recent human-induced climate change
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Nature Climate Change. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1758-678X .- 1758-6798. ; 11:6, s. 492-500
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change affects human health; however, there have been no large-scale, systematic efforts to quantify the heat-related human health impacts that have already occurred due to climate change. Here, we use empirical data from 732 locations in 43 countries to estimate the mortality burdens associated with the additional heat exposure that has resulted from recent human-induced warming, during the period 1991–2018. Across all study countries, we find that 37.0% (range 20.5–76.3%) of warm-season heat-related deaths can be attributed to anthropogenic climate change and that increased mortality is evident on every continent. Burdens varied geographically but were of the order of dozens to hundreds of deaths per year in many locations. Our findings support the urgent need for more ambitious mitigation and adaptation strategies to minimize the public health impacts of climate change.
|
|
| 2. |
- Afzal, Wasif, et al.
(författare)
-
The MegaM@Rt2 ECSEL project : MegaModelling at Runtime – Scalable model-based framework for continuous development and runtime validation of complex systems
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Microprocessors and microsystems. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0141-9331 .- 1872-9436. ; 61, s. 86-95
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A major challenge for the European electronic industry is to enhance productivity by ensuring quality of development, integration and maintenance while reducing the associated costs. Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) principles and techniques have already shown promising capabilities, but they still need to scale up to support real-world scenarios implied by the full deployment and use of complex electronic components and systems. Moreover, maintaining efficient traceability, integration, and communication between two fundamental system life cycle phases (design time and runtime) is another challenge requiring the scalability of MDE. This paper presents an overview of the ECSEL 1 project entitled “MegaModelling at runtime – Scalable model-based framework for continuous development and runtime validation of complex systems” (MegaM@Rt2), whose aim is to address the above mentioned challenges facing MDE. Driven by both large and small industrial enterprises, with the support of research partners and technology providers, MegaM@Rt2 aims to deliver a framework of tools and methods for: 1) system engineering/design and continuous development, 2) related runtime analysis and 3) global models and traceability management. Diverse industrial use cases (covering strategic domains such as aeronautics, railway, construction and telecommunications) will integrate and demonstrate the validity of the MegaM@Rt2 solution. This paper provides an overview of the MegaM@Rt2 project with respect to its approach, mission, objectives as well as to its implementation details. It further introduces the consortium as well as describes the work packages and few already produced deliverables.
|
|
| 3. |
- Autili, M., et al.
(författare)
-
A Software Exoskeleton to Protect and Support Citizen's Ethics and Privacy in the Digital World
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Ieee Access. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2169-3536. ; 7, s. 62011-62021
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Citizens of the digital world are threatened. The digital systems that surround them are increasingly able to make autonomous decisions over and above them and on their behalf. They feel that their moral rights, as well as the social, economic, and political spheres, can be affected by the behavior of such systems. Although unavoidable, the digital world is becoming uncomfortable and potentially hostile to its users as human beings and as citizens. Notwithstanding the introduction of the GDPR and of initiatives to establish criteria on software transparency and accountability, users feel vulnerable and unprotected. In this paper, we present EXOSOUL, an overarching research framework that aims at building a software a personalized exoskeleton that enhances and protects users by mediating their interactions with the digital world according to their own ethics of actions and privacy of data. The exoskeleton disallows or adapts the interactions that would result in unacceptable or morally wrong behaviors according to the ethics and privacy preferences of the users. With their software shield, users will feel empowered and in control, and more in the balance of forces with the other actors of the digital world. To reach the breakthrough result of automatically building a personalized exoskeleton, EXOSOUL identifies multidisciplinary challenges never touched before: 1) defining the scope for and inferring citizen's ethical preferences; 2) treating privacy as an ethical dimension managed through the disruptive notion of active data; and 3) automatically synthesizing ethical actuators, i.e., connector components that mediate the interaction between the user and the digital world to enforce her ethical preferences. In this paper, we discuss the research challenges of EXOSOUL in terms of their feasibility and risks.
|
|
| 4. |
- Cedrini, V, et al.
(författare)
-
Improving resilience management for critical infrastructures : strategies and practices across air traffic management and healthcare
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Safety and Reliability – Safe Societies in a Changing World. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 9780815386827 - 9781351174664 ; , s. 1319-1327
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent natural and man-made disasters highlight that a more resilient approach to preparing for and dealing with such events is needed. To address this challenge, the main objective of the research and innovation H2020 project DARWIN is the development of European resilience management guidelines for Critical Infrastructures (CI). Based on a systematic literature survey with a world-wide scope and prioritization of resilience concepts, the guidelines have been developed taking into account everyday operations, contingency plans, training, etc. This paper describes insights gained from the adaptation of these guidelines in the domains of Air Traffic Management (ATM) and Healthcare (HC). A collaborative and iterative process has been defined involving relevant experts and practitioners. To ensure transnational, cross-sector applicability and uptake, a Community of Crisis and Resilience Practitioners (DARWIN DCoP) has been involved. The preliminary results indicate that a big step has been taken in moving from the resilience theory to practice
|
|
| 5. |
- Ciccozzi, Federico, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
-
Message from the RoSE 2018 Co-Organizers
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Proceedings - International Conference on Software Engineering, Volume Part F137815. - 9781450357609
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 6. |
- Ciccozzi, Federico, et al.
(författare)
-
Model-Driven Engineering for Mission-Critical IoT Systems
- 2017
-
Ingår i: IEEE Software. - : IEEE. - 0740-7459 .- 1937-4194. ; 34:1, s. 46-53
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mission-critical Internet of Things (MC-IoT) systems involve heterogeneous things from both the digital and physical worlds. They run applications whose failure might cause significant and possibly dramatic consequences, such as interruption of public services, significant business losses, and deterioration of enterprise operations. These applications require not only high availability, reliability, safety, and security but also regulatory compliance, scalability, and serviceability. At the same time, they're exposed to various facets of uncertainty, spanning from software and hardware variability to mission planning and execution in possibly unforeseeable environments. Model-driven engineering can potentially meet these challenges and better enable the adoption of MC-IoT systems.
|
|
| 7. |
- Degas, A., et al.
(författare)
-
A Survey on Artificial Intelligence (AI) and eXplainable AI in Air Traffic Management : Current Trends and Development with Future Research Trajectory
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Applied Sciences. - : MDPI. - 2076-3417. ; 12:3
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Air Traffic Management (ATM) will be more complex in the coming decades due to the growth and increased complexity of aviation and has to be improved in order to maintain aviation safety. It is agreed that without significant improvement in this domain, the safety objectives defined by international organisations cannot be achieved and a risk of more incidents/accidents is envisaged. Nowadays, computer science plays a major role in data management and decisions made in ATM. Nonetheless, despite this, Artificial Intelligence (AI), which is one of the most researched topics in computer science, has not quite reached end users in ATM domain. In this paper, we analyse the state of the art with regards to usefulness of AI within aviation/ATM domain. It includes research work of the last decade of AI in ATM, the extraction of relevant trends and features, and the extraction of representative dimensions. We analysed how the general and ATM eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) works, analysing where and why XAI is needed, how it is currently provided, and the limitations, then synthesise the findings into a conceptual framework, named the DPP (Descriptive, Predictive, Prescriptive) model, and provide an example of its application in a scenario in 2030. It concludes that AI systems within ATM need further research for their acceptance by end-users. The development of appropriate XAI methods including the validation by appropriate authorities and end-users are key issues that needs to be addressed. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
|
|
| 8. |
- Di Rocco, J., et al.
(författare)
-
Using ATL transformation services in the MDEForge collaborative modeling platform
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Volume 9765, 2016. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319420639 ; , s. 70-78
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the last years, the increasing complexity of Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) tools and techniques has led to higher demands in terms of computation, interoperability, and configuration management. Harnessing the software-as-a-service (SaaS) paradigm and shifting applications from local, mono-core implementations to cloud-based architectures is key to enhance scalability and flexibility. To this end, we propose MDEForge: an extensible, collaborative modeling platform that provides remote model management facilities and prevents the user from focussing on time-consuming, and less creative procedures. This demo paper illustrates the extensibility of MDEForge by integrating ATL services for the remote execution, automated testing, and static analysis of ATL transformations. The usefulness of their employment under the SaaS paradigm is demonstrated with a case-study showing a wide range of new application possibilities.
|
|
| 9. |
- Di Ruscio, D., et al.
(författare)
-
A family of domain-specific languages for specifying civilian missions of multi-robot systems
- 2014
-
Ingår i: CEUR Workshop Proceedings. - 1613-0073. ; 1319, s. 16-29
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The next future will be pervaded by robots performing a variety of tasks (e.g., environmental monitoring, patrolling large public areas for security assurance). So far, researchers and practitioners are mainly focusing on hardware/software solutions for specialized and complex tasks; however, despite the accuracy and the advanced capabilities of current solutions, this trend leads to task-specific solutions, difficult to be reused and combined. In this paper we propose a family of domain-specific languages for specifying missions of multi-robot systems by means of models that are (i) independent from the technologies, (ii) ready to be analysed, simulated, and executed, (iii) extensible to new application areas, and (iv) closer to the problem domain, thus democratizing the use of robots to non-technical operators. We show the applicability of the proposed family of languages in a real project in the domain of autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles.
|
|
| 10. |
- Di Ruscio, D., et al.
(författare)
-
A model-driven approach to detect faults in FOSS systems
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Software-Evolution and Process. - : Wiley. - 2047-7473. ; 27:4, s. 294-318
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Free and Open-Source Software (FOSS) Linux distributions are among the most complex modern software systems. They are made of thousands of components (software packages) evolving rapidly without centralized coordination. The upgrade of FOSS systems is managed by meta-installers, which solve package dependencies and conflicts and lead the system to a new system configuration by installing or removing packages. Current tools are able to predict a very limited set of upgrade faults before deployment, and this leaves a wide range of faults unpredicted. In this paper, we focus on faults that remain unpredicted, for example, missing packages, packages that are not properly installed, and missing services, with the aim of providing a solution for them. Specifically, in this paper, we propose a model-driven approach and supporting tools to prevent specific classes of system configuration faults before performing the real upgrade. Once the system configuration is represented as a model, the configuration model is evaluated by means of queries, each devoted to discover a specific class of faults. The approach is intrinsically extensible so that user communities can add new queries when new classes of faults are identified. The approach has been validated by executing the fault detector on configuration models in which faults have been intentionally injected and by analyzing produced results.
|
|
| 11. |
- Di Ruscio, D., et al.
(författare)
-
Engineering a platform for mission planning of autonomous and resilient quadrotors
- 2013
-
Ingår i: 5th workshop on Software Engineering for Resilient Systems, SERENE 2013; Kiev; Ukraine. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. - 9783642408939
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quadrotors and UAVs in general are becoming as attractive instruments to safely and efficiently perform environmental monitoring missions. In professional use, quadrotors are manually controlled by expert operators via a remote controller. In research, several projects provide various degrees of automation for the execution of the mission; however, those projects are based on the use of programming languages which are too distant from the background of the stakeholders operating in the field (e.g., fire fighters, policemen, etc.). In this paper we propose FLYAQ, a platform enabling to (i) graphically define monitoring missions via a web interface, (ii) decompose the mission according to the number and nature of available quadrotors, and (iii) generate the implementation code orchestrating all the quadrotors of the swarm to fulfil the common goal of the mission. The FLYAQ platform enables operators to focus on the mission itself, rather than on technical concerns arising from the use of quadrotors. A reconfiguration engine is specifically designed to make the swarm resilient to faults and external events that may compromise the mission. Moreover, under some limitations explained in the paper, the reconfiguration engine permits to change the mission at run-time. The FLYAQ platform will be distributed as an open-source product. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.
|
|
