| 1. |
- Gottsäter, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy associated with carotid atherosclerosis in Type 2 diabetic patients.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Diabetic Medicine. - : Wiley. - 1464-5491 .- 0742-3071. ; 20:6, s. 495-499
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimsTo clarify if cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy is associated with carotid artery atherosclerotic plaques in Type 2 diabetic patients. MethodsCardiovascular autonomic nerve function was related to carotid artery ultrasound in 61 Type 2 diabetic patients 5-6 years after diagnosis of diabetes. ResultsCardiovascular autonomic neuropathy [abnormal age corrected expiration/inspiration (E/I) ratio or acceleration index (AI)] was found in 13/61 (21%) patients. Patients with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy showed increased degree of stenosis in the common carotid artery (24.6 ± 13.2% vs. 14.7 ± 9.2%; P = 0.014) and a tendency towards a higher plaque score (4.0 ± 1.7 vs. 3.2 ± 1.6; P = 0.064). Controlled for age, AI correlated inversely with degree of stenosis (r = -0.39; P = 0.005), plaque score (r = -0.39; P = 0.005), and mean (r = -0.33; P = 0.018) and maximum (r = -0.39; P = 0.004) intima-media thickness in the common carotid artery. In contrast, E/I ratio correlated only slightly with mean intima-media thickness in the common carotid artery (r = -0.28; P = 0.049). ConclusionsCardiovascular autonomic neuropathy was associated with carotid atherosclerosis in Type 2 diabetic patients. Abnormal E/I ratios reflect efferent structural damage to parasympathetic nerves whereas abnormal AI reflects afferent autonomic dysfunction possibly due to impaired baroreceptor sensitivity secondary to carotid atherosclerosis.
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| 2. |
- Jansson, Måns, 1986-
(författare)
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Making Metal Making : Circulation and Workshop Practices in the Swedish Metal Trades, 1730–1775
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation is concerned with the making of metal making. It explores how skills, knowledge, and artefacts were circulated and grounded within the Swedish metal trades during the period ca. 1730 to 1775. It also analyses how these processes were related to different ways of organising practices of work. The metal trades are referred to as comprising various forms of state-supported metal manufacturing outside the guild system. The focus is on finer metal making (finsmide), above all cutlery making. The first chapter discusses the theoretical and methodological approaches. Critical to the analysis are the terms strategies and tactics, which are used to approach the interplay of different ways of knowing and acting in everyday metal making. This is done related to a trajectorial method. The trajectories of state official Samuel Schröder and the Stockholm cutler Eric Engberg are centred, but I also explore one broader skills-trajectory: the ‘English way’ of making cutlery.Chapters 2 to 4 examine the strategic stage for metal making, focusing on the attempts made by the eighteenth-century Swedish state to order the domestic trades in line with ideas of an all-embracing division of labour. This development is investigated by discussing regulations, spatial mapping and supervision, as well as descriptions and ‘corrections’ of workshop practices. Chapters 5 to 7 highlight the interplay of strategies and tactics within a changing manufacturing ‘system’. Artisans’ journeys, the construction of workshops in Stockholm, and the introduction of piecework at provincial knife works during the 1750s and 1760s are explored. The discussion leads up to the founding of a ‘free town’ for metal-making artisans in Eskilstuna in 1771.The results of this dissertation add to Swedish research on early-modern metal making in a number of ways. Urban space and the connections between metal-making communities are highlighted. In doing this, emphasis is placed on how practices of work were shaped over time by the movements of people, artefacts, and materials. Most notably, the circulation, imitation, and local adaption of knowledge and skills within the metal trades are accentuated. These findings also connect to recent research concerned with manufacturing and knowledge-making in pre-industrial Europe.
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| 3. |
- Svensson Månsson, Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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ERK phosphorylation is linked to VEGFR2 expression and Ets-2 phosphorylation in breast cancer and is associated with tamoxifen treatment resistance and small tumours with good prognosis
- 2005
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Ingår i: Oncogene. - Basingstoke : Macmillan Press. - 0950-9232 .- 1476-5594. ; 24:27, s. 4370-4379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 signalling mediates communication between growth factor receptors and the cell nucleus and has been linked to several key events in the transformation process such as proliferation and invasion. We therefore sought to delineate the degree of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in breast cancer and potential links to upstream receptors such as VEGFR2, ErbB2, downstream targets, such as Ets-2, as well as clinico-pathological parameters, clinical outcome and response to tamoxifen. ERK1/2 phosphorylation was assessed by immunohistochemistry using a phospho-specific ERK1/2 antibody in three breast cancer cohorts including a total of 886 tumours arranged in tissue arrays. Cohort I consisted of 114 patients, cohort II of 248 postmenopausal patients randomized to either 2 years of tamoxifen or no adjuvant treatment and cohort III of 524 patients. Surprisingly, ERK1/2 phosphorylation correlated inversely with tumour size. Phosphorylated ERK1/2 was further associated with the presence of VEGFR2 (cohorts II and III) and the degree of phosphorylated Ets-2, indicating in vivo, a signalling cascade from VEGFR2 via ERK1/2 to Ets-2 phosphorylation. Interestingly, ERK1/2 phosphorylation correlated with better survival in untreated patients independently of lymph-node status and tumour size indicating that ERK1/2 signalling might be associated with a less aggressive phenotype. Finally, patients with oestrogen receptor positive and ERK1/2 phosphorylated tumours also had an impaired tamoxifen response.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Arner, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamics of human adipose lipid turnover in health and metabolic disease
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 478:7367, s. 110-113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adipose tissue mass is determined by the storage and removal of triglycerides in adipocytes(1). Little is known, however, about adipose lipid turnover in humans in health and pathology. To study this in vivo, here we determined lipid age by measuring (14)C derived from above ground nuclear bomb tests in adipocyte lipids. We report that during the average ten-year lifespan of human adipocytes, triglycerides are renewed six times. Lipid age is independent of adipocyte size, is very stable across a wide range of adult ages and does not differ between genders. Adipocyte lipid turnover, however, is strongly related to conditions with disturbed lipid metabolism. In obesity, triglyceride removal rate (lipolysis followed by oxidation) is decreased and the amount of triglycerides stored each year is increased. In contrast, both lipid removal and storage rates are decreased in non-obese patients diagnosed with the most common hereditary form of dyslipidaemia, familial combined hyperlipidaemia. Lipid removal rate is positively correlated with the capacity of adipocytes to break down triglycerides, as assessed through lipolysis, and is inversely related to insulin resistance. Our data support a mechanism in which adipocyte lipid storage and removal have different roles in health and pathology. High storage but low triglyceride removal promotes fat tissue accumulation and obesity. Reduction of both triglyceride storage and removal decreases lipid shunting through adipose tissue and thus promotes dyslipidaemia. We identify adipocyte lipid turnover as a novel target for prevention and treatment of metabolic disease.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Bengtsson, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Irregular walks and loops combines in small-scale movement of a soil insect : implications for dispersal biology
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Theoretical Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-5193 .- 1095-8541. ; 231:2, s. 299-306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analysis of small-scale movement patterns of animals we may help to understand and predict movement at a larger scale, such as dispersal, which is a key parameter in spatial population dynamics. We have chosen to study the movement of a soil-dwelling Collembola, Protaphorura armata, in an experimental system consisting of a clay surface with or without physical obstacles. A combination of video recordings, descriptive statistics, and walking simulations was used to evaluate the movement pattern. Individuals were found to link periods of irregular walk with those of looping in ahomogeneous environment as well as in one structured to heterogeneity by physical obstacles. The number of loops varied between 0 and 44 per hour from one individual to another and some individuals preferred to make loops by turning right and others by turning left. P. armata spent less time at the boundary of small obstacles compared to large, presumably because of a lower probability to track the steepness of the curvature as the individual walks along a highly curved surface. Food deprived P. armata had amore winding movement and made more circular loops than those that were well fed. The observed looping behaviour is interpreted in the context of systematic search strategies and compared with similar movement patterns found in other species.
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| 8. |
- Bengtsson, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Statistical analysis of the influence of conspecifics on the dispersal of a soil collembola.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Theoretical Population Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-0325 .- 0040-5809. ; 61:2, s. 97-113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The evidence for dispersal activity among soil-living invertebrates comes mainly from observations of their movement on artificial substrates or of colonisation of defaunated soils in the field. In an attempt to elucidate the dispersal pattern of soil collembolans in the presence of conspecifics, statistical analyses were undertaken to describe and simulate the movement of groups of Onychiurus armatus released in trays of homogeneous soil. A chi(2) test was used to reject the null hypothesis that individuals moved independently of each other and uniformly in all directions. The mean radial distance moved (1-2 cm day(-1)) and the radial standard deviation varied temporally and with the density of conspecifics. To capture the interaction between the moving individuals, four dispersal models (pure diffusion, diffusion with drift interaction, drift interaction and synchronised diffusion, and drift interaction and behavioural mood), were formulated as stochastic differential equations. The parameters of the models were estimated by minimising the deviance between the observed replicates and replicates that were simulated using the models. The dynamics of movement were best described by modelling the drift interaction as dependent on whether individuals were in a social or an asocial mood.
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| 9. |
- Berg, Elisabeth Gräslund, et al.
(författare)
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Praktiker som gör skillnad : Om den verb-inriktade metoden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Historisk Tidskrift. - 0345-469X .- 2002-4827. ; 133:3, s. 335-354
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses the so-called verb-oriented method and its role in the research project Gender and Work in early modern Sweden (GaW), which is based at Uppsala University. It provides a presentation of the GaW-database, which has been designed to allow analysis according to the verb-method. Finally, the article points out that this method can be combined with a number of different theoretical approaches as long as the focus is on practices. It is therefore compatible with the approaches of e.g., Judith Butler, Michel de Certeau, and Amartya Sen. Work is defined as "time-use with the purpose of making a living" and the article discusses why data on time-use, or actual work activities, are better suited for research into early modern Swedish working life than other types of data. It shows that activities are usually described in the sources by verb-phrases, and explains how and from what sources verb-phrases are collected and analyzed within the project. In order to allow for generalizations the verb-method presupposes large amounts of data. This is the rationale for the GaW-database, which at present includes around 5000 verb-phrases and 75000 data posts.
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| 10. |
- Berger, Karoline, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Tumor co-expression of progranulin and sortilin as a prognostic biomarker in breast cancer
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2407. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The growth factor progranulin has been implicated in numerous biological processes such as wound healing, inflammation and progressive tumorigenesis. Both progranulin and its receptor sortilin are known to be highly expressed in subgroups of breast cancer and have been associated with various clinical properties including tamoxifen resistance. Recent data further suggest that progranulin, via its receptor sortilin, drives breast cancer stem cell propagation in vitro and increases metastasis formation in an in vivo breast cancer xenograft model. In this retrospective biomarker analysis, we aimed to determine whether tumor co-expression of progranulin and sortilin has prognostic and treatment predictive values for breast cancer patients. Methods We explored how co-expression of progranulin and sortilin was associated with established clinical markers by analyzing a tissue microarray including 560 randomized premenopausal breast cancer patients receiving either 2 years of tamoxifen treatment or no adjuvant treatment, with a median follow-up time of 28 years. Breast cancer-specific survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox Proportional Hazards regression models to assess the prognostic and predictive value of progranulin and sortilin in relation to known clinical markers. Results Co-expression of progranulin and sortilin was observed in 20% of the breast cancer samples. In untreated patients, prognostic considerations could be detailed separately from treatment prediction and the high progranulin and sortilin expressing subgroup was significantly associated with breast cancer-specific death in multivariable analyses (HR=2.188, CI: 1.317-3.637, p=0.003) along with tumor size, high tumor grade and lymph node positivity. When comparing the untreated patients with tamoxifen treated patients in the ER alpha positive subgroup, co-expression of progranulin and sortilin was not linked to tamoxifen resistance. Conclusion Data suggest that co-expression of progranulin and its receptor sortilin is a novel prognostic biomarker combination identifying a highly malignant subgroup of breast cancer. Importantly, this subpopulation could potentially be targeted with anti-sortilin based therapies.
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| 11. |
- Berglund, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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Cyclin E confers a prognostic value in premenopausal breast cancer patients with tumours exhibiting an infiltrative growth pattern
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Pathology. - : BMJ. - 0021-9746 .- 1472-4146. ; 61:2, s. 184-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To investigate the prognostic value of cyclin E in relation to tumour growth pattern by analysing stage II primary breast cancers from premenopausal women not subjected to any further adjuvant treatment. To analyse the value of cyclin E as a predictor of tamoxifen response, by comparing untreated and treated patients with oestrogen receptor positive tumours. Methods: Breast cancer samples, assembled in tissue microarrays, were immunohistochemically stained for cyclin E and evaluated regarding the presence of nuclear staining. The overall growth characteristics of each tumour were assessed using whole tissue sections. Results: Tumours displaying a pushing margin phenotype were strongly associated with high cyclin E levels, lymph node negative disease, a high histological grade and oestrogen receptor negativity, and exhibited a better prognosis compared to tumours with an infiltrative growth pattern. In the total cohort of non-treated patients (n = 187), cyclin E was not associated with recurrence free survival (RFS). However, when analysing the subgroup of tumours lacking a pushing growth pattern (n = 141), cyclin E was significantly associated with RFS, independent of histological grade and node status. There was no significant difference in tamoxifen response with regard to different cyclin E levels. Conclusion: The prognostic value of cyclin E in premenopausal breast cancer is limited to patients with breast carcinomas exhibiting an exclusively infiltrative growth pattern. This limitation could be explained by the presence of a small but distinct subgroup of cyclin E-high breast cancers with a pushing margin phenotype and a more favourable outcome.
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| 12. |
- Brennan, Donal J., et al.
(författare)
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CA IX is an independent prognostic marker in premenopausal breast cancer patients with one to three positive lymph nodes and a putative marker of radiation resistance
- 2006
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Ingår i: Clinical Cancer Research. - 1078-0432. ; 12:21, s. 6421-6431
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Hypoxia in breast cancer is associated with poor prognosis and down-regulation of the estrogen receptor. Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is a hypoxia-inducible gene that has been associated with poor outcome in many epithelial cancers. Previous studies of CA IX in breast cancer have been carried out on mixed cohorts of premenopausal and postmenopausal patients with locally advanced disease and varying treatment regimens. We examined the potential prognostic and predictive role of CA IX in premenopausal breast cancer patients. Experimental Design: Using tissue microarrays, we analyzed CA IX expression in 400 stage 11 breast cancers from premenopausal women. The patients had previously participated in a randomized control trial comparing 2 years of tamoxifen to no systemic adjuvant treatment. Median follow-up was 13.9 years. Results: CA IX expression correlated positively with tumor size, grade, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha Ki-67, cyclin E, and cyclin A2 expression. CA IX expression correlated negatively with cyclin D1, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor. CA IX expression was associated with a reduced relapse-free survival (P = 0.032), overall survival (P = 0.022), and breast cancer specific survival (P = 0.005). Multivariate analysis revealed that CA IX was an independent prognostic marker in untreated patients with one to three positive lymph nodes (hazard ratio, 3.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.15-9.13; P = 0.027). Conclusion: CA IX is marker of poor prognosis in premenopausal breast cancer patients and it is an independent predictor of survival in patients with one to three positive lymph nodes. As all these patients received locoregional radiation therapy, CA IX may be associated with resistance to radiotherapy.
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| 13. |
- Brennan, D. J., et al.
(författare)
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The cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript mediates ligand-independent activation of ER alpha, and is an independent prognostic factor in node-negative breast cancer
- 2012
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Ingår i: Oncogene. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5594 .- 0950-9232. ; 31:30, s. 3483-3494
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Personalized medicine requires the identification of unambiguous prognostic and predictive biomarkers to inform therapeutic decisions. Within this context, the management of lymph node-negative breast cancer is the subject of much debate with particular emphasis on the requirement for adjuvant chemotherapy. The identification of prognostic and predictive biomarkers in this group of patients is crucial. Here, we demonstrate by tissue microarray and automated image analysis that the cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) is expressed in primary and metastatic breast cancer and is an independent poor prognostic factor in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, lymph node-negative tumors in two separate breast cancer cohorts (n = 690; P = 0.002, 0.013). We also show that CART increases the transcriptional activity of ER alpha in a ligand-independent manner via the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and that CART stimulates an autocrine/paracrine loop within tumor cells to amplify the CART signal. Additionally, we demonstrate that CART expression in ER-positive breast cancer cell lines protects against tamoxifen-mediated cell death and that high CART expression predicts disease outcome in tamoxifen-treated patients in vivo in three independent breast cancer cohorts. We believe that CART profiling will help facilitate stratification of lymph node-negative breast cancer patients into high- and low-risk categories and allow for the personalization of therapy. Oncogene (2012) 31, 3483-3494; doi:10.1038/onc.2011.519; published online 5 December 2011
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| 14. |
- Busch, S., et al.
(författare)
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Low ERK Phosphorylation in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Is Associated with Tamoxifen Resistance in Pre-Menopausal Breast Cancer
- 2012
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Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate ERK phosphorylation as a stromal biomarker for breast cancer prognosis and tamoxifen treatment prediction within a randomized tamoxifen trial. Patients and Methods: Tissue microarrays of two breast cancer cohorts including in total 743 invasive breast cancer samples were analyzed for ERK phosphorylation (pERK) and smooth muscle actin-alpha expression (SMA alpha) in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and links to clinico-pathological data and treatment-predictive values were delineated. Results: By analyzing a unique randomized tamoxifen trial including breast cancer patients receiving no adjuvant treatment we show for the first time that patients low in ERK phosphorylation in CAFs did not respond to tamoxifen treatment despite having estrogen-receptor alpha (ER alpha-positive tumors compared to patients with high pERK levels in CAFs (P = 0.015, multivariate Cox regression interaction analysis). In both clinical materials we further show a significant association between pERK and SMA alpha, a characteristic marker for activated fibroblasts. SMA alpha expression however was not linked to treatment-predictive information but instead had prognostic qualities. Conclusion: The data suggests that the presence of a subpopulation of CAFs, defined by minimal activated ERK signaling, is linked to an impaired tamoxifen response. Thus, this report illustrates the importance of the stroma for monitoring treatment effects in pre-menopausal breast cancer.
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| 15. |
- Busch, Susann, et al.
(författare)
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TGF-beta receptor type-2 expression in cancer-associated fibroblasts regulates breast cancer cell growth and survival and is a prognostic marker in pre-menopausal breast cancer
- 2015
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Ingår i: Oncogene. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0950-9232 .- 1476-5594. ; 34:1, s. 27-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is a pleiotropic cytokine with the capability to act as tumour suppressor or tumour promoter depending on the cellular context. TGF-beta receptor type-2 (TGFBR2) is the ligand-binding receptor for all members of the TGF-beta family. Data from mouse model experiments demonstrated that loss of Tgfbr2 expression in mammary fibroblasts was linked to tumour initiation and metastasis. Using a randomised tamoxifen trial cohort including in total 564 invasive breast carcinomas, we examined TGFBR2 expression (n = 252) and phosphorylation level of downstream target SMAD2 (pSMAD2) (n = 319) in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and assessed links to clinicopathological markers, prognostic and treatment-predictive values. The study revealed that CAF-specific TGFBR2 expression correlated with improved recurrence-free survival. Multivariate analysis confirmed CAF-TGFBR2 to be an independent prognostic marker (multivariate Cox regression, hazard ratio: 0.534, 95% (CI): 0.360-0.793, P = 0.002). CAF-specific pSMAD2 levels, however, did not associate with survival outcome. Experimentally, TGF-beta signalling in fibroblasts was modulated using a TGF-beta ligand and inhibitor or through lentiviral short hairpin RNA-mediated TGFBR2-specific knockdown. To determine the role of fibroblastic TGF-beta pathway on breast cancer cells, we used cell contact-dependent cell growth and clonogenicity assays, which showed that knockdown of TGFBR2 in CAFs resulted in increased cell growth, proliferation and clonogenic survival. Further, in a mouse model transfected CAFs were co-injected with MCF7 and tumour weight and proportion was monitored. We found that mouse xenograft tumours comprising TGFBR2 knockdown fibroblasts were slightly bigger and displayed increased tumour cell capacity. Overall, our data demonstrate that fibroblast-related biomarkers possess clinically relevant information and that fibroblasts confer effects on breast cancer cell growth and survival. Regulation of tumour-stromal cross-talk through fibroblastic TGF-beta pathway may depend on fibroblast phenotype, emphasising the importance to characterise tumour microenvironment subtypes.
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| 16. |
- Degerman, Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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Immortalization of T-Cells Is Accompanied by Gradual Changes in CpG Methylation Resulting in a Profile Resembling a Subset of T-Cell Leukemias
- 2014
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Ingår i: Neoplasia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1522-8002 .- 1476-5586. ; 16:7, s. 606-615
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have previously described gene expression changes during spontaneous immortalization of T-cells, thereby identifying cellular processes important for cell growth crisis escape and unlimited proliferation. Here, we analyze the same model to investigate the role of genome-wide methylation in the immortalization process at different time points pre-crisis and post-crisis using high-resolution arrays. We show that over time in culture there is an overall accumulation of methylation alterations, with preferential increased methylation close to transcription start sites (TSSs), islands, and shore regions. Methylation and gene expression alterations did not correlate for the majority of genes, but for the fraction that correlated, gain of methylation close to TSS was associated with decreased gene expression. Interestingly, the pattern of CpG site methylation observed in immortal T-cell cultures was similar to clinical T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) samples classified as CpG island methylator phenotype positive. These sites were highly overrepresented by polycomb target genes and involved in developmental, cell adhesion, and cell signaling processes. The presence of non-random methylation events in in vitro immortalized T-cell cultures and diagnostic T-ALL samples indicates altered methylation of CpG sites with a possible role in malignant hematopoiesis.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Ekselius, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Personlighetssyndrom, kiniska riktlinjer för utredning och behandling
- 2017
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Personer med personlighetssyndrom hör till de mest sårbara inom psykiatrin. De uppvisar mellanmänskliga problem liksom lidande och svårigheter att klara vardagens utmaningar. De blir ofta en utmaning för vården, eftersom deras interaktion med omgivningen många gånger är problematisk och konfliktfylld.Det finns ett stort behov av kunskap om personlighetssyndrom och ett av huvudsyftena med de nu presenterade riktlinjerna är att beskriva vad som kännetecknar personlighetssyndromen. Genom att tidigt kunna identifiera dem och det lidande de förorsakar kan realistiska behandlingsmål formuleras, vilket minskar risken för att patienten hamnar i ofruktsamma behandlingskontakter. Riktlinjerna har en stark klinisk förankring med fokus på tillämpbarhet i det dagliga arbetet med patienter och deras närstående och ger handfast vägledning i omhändertagande och behandling. Dessa kliniska riktlinjer för utredning och behandling av personlighetssyndrom är en uppdatering och omarbetning av de riktlinjer som publicerades 2006. Boken Personlighetssyndrom är i första hand skriven för alla som företräder den psykiatriska vården, men är även användbar för företrädare från andra specialiteter och för professioner utanför vården. Studenter och personer under fortbildning har utbyte av att läsa boken.
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| 19. |
- Erratico, Claudio, et al.
(författare)
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Human hydroxylated metabolites of BDE-47 and BDE-99 are glucuronidated and sulfated in vitro
- 2015
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Ingår i: Toxicology Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-4274 .- 1879-3169. ; 236:2, s. 98-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were used worldwide as additive flame retardants and are classified as persistent, bioaccumulable and toxic environmental pollutants. In humans, the hydroxylated metabolites of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) and 2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-99) formed in vitro have also been detected in vivo. To further characterize the metabolism of BDE-47 and BDE-99 and to identify candidate markers for monitoring the human exposure to PBDEs using non-invasive approaches, glucuronidation and sulfation of hydroxylated metabolites of BDE-47 and BDE-99 were investigated using human liver microsomes and cytoplasm, respectively. The formed Phase II metabolites were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry using a novel approach to develop analytical methods in absence of authentic standards. All available standards for hydroxylated metabolites of BDE-47 and BDE-99 were glucuronidated and sulfated, showing that glucuronidation and sulfation are part of the metabolism pathway of BDE-47 and BDE-99 in vitro. The major glucuronidated and sulfated analogs of hydroxylated metabolites of BDE-47 were (a) 2,4-DBP-Gluc and 5-Gluc-BDE-47, and (b) 2'-Sulf-BDE-28, 4-Sulf-BDE-42 and 3-Sulf-BDE-47, respectively. The major glucuronidated and sulfated analogs of hydroxylated metabolites of BDE-99 were (a) 2,4,5-TBP-Gluc and 6'-Gluc-BDE-99, and (b) 3'-Sulf-BDE-99 and 5'-Sulf-BDE-99, respectively. Apparent K-m values associated with the formation of sulfated metabolites of BDE-47 and BDE-99 were ten times lower than those of the corresponding glucuronidated metabolites, suggesting that sulfated rather than glucuronidated metabolites of OH-PBDEs might be used as markers of human exposure to PBDEs using a non-invasive approach based on urine sample collection.
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| 20. |
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| 22. |
- Evans, Chris, et al.
(författare)
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Baltic iron and the British iron industry in the eighteenth century
- 2002
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Ingår i: Economic history review. - 0013-0117 .- 1468-0289. ; 55:4, s. 642-665
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Before the revolution in coal technology that swept the British iron industry in the last years of the eighteenth century, native ironmasters were unable to meet the burgeoning demand for malleable bar iron. The shortfall was made good by imports of bar iron from the Baltic, first from Sweden, then from Russia. This article presents new empirical evidence on the role played by Baltic iron in the Georgian economy. It also considers the impact of Swedish and Russian iron on domestic ironmasters as they sought organizational, as well as technological, ways to overcome the energy constraints facing the industry.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Evans, Chris, et al.
(författare)
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The Industrial Revolution in Iron : An Introduction
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Industrial Revolution in Iron: The Impact of British Coal Technology in Nineteenth-Century Europe. - : Taylor & Francis. - 9781351887724 - 075463390X - 9780754633907 ; , s. 1-14
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In preindustrial Europe between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries iron was made by a variety of techniques and in the most diverse of social settings. At the risk of over-simplifying, direct reduction techniques were dominant in southern Europe. Coal technology made iron available in abundance. Pig iron output soared towards the end of the eighteenth century, from 61,000 tons in 1785 to 120,000 tons in 1795, then to 250,000 tons in 1805. By 1850 pig iron production in the United Kingdom stood at 2.25 million tons. The growth of bar iron output was every bit as spectacular. Seemingly limitless mineral energy and a profusion of cheap iron allowed Britain to play its pioneering role in the industrialisation of the globe. Hyde became the new orthodoxy about technological change in the iron industry, but did so at a time when the international debate over proto-industrialization theory steered scholarly interest away from questions of technology.
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| 37. |
- Evans, Chris, et al.
(författare)
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The Industrial Revolution in Iron : The Impact of British Coal Technology in Nineteenth-Century Europe
- 2017
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The essays in this volume, each written by an acknowledged expert in the field, trace the fortunes of British coal technology as it spread across the European continent, from Sweden and Russia to the Alps and Spain, and supply an authoritative picture of industrial transformation in one of the key industries of the 19th century. In this period iron making in continental Europe was transformed by the take-up of technologies such as coke smelting and iron puddling that had already revolutionised the British iron industry. The transfer of British technologies was fundamental to European industrialisation, but that transfer was not straightforward. The techniques that had proved so successful in Britain had to be adapted to local circumstances elsewhere, for charcoal-fired techniques proved surprisingly durable. More often than not, as these studies show, coal-fired methods were incorporated into traditional production systems, making for the proliferation of technological hybrids. Overall, it is diversity that stands out. Some European regions (southern Belgium) came near to the British model; others (Spain) persisted with charcoal technology into the late 19th century. Some countries (Sweden) adopted British organisational principles but not the reliance on coal; others (Russia) maintained different iron making sectors - one coal-based, the other loyal to charcoal - in parallel. © Chris Evans and Göran Rydén 2005.
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| 38. |
- Evans, Chris, et al.
(författare)
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‘Voyage iron’ : an Atlantic slave trade currency, its European origins, and West African impact
- 2018
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Ingår i: Past & Present. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0031-2746 .- 1477-464X. ; 29:1, s. 41-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An array of goods was traded to Africa in the era of the transatlantic slave trade. Many were eye-catching consumer goods; others were far more mundane, including ‘voyage iron’, a metal forged in northern Europe, bars of which acted as a currency along the West African coast. This article examines the geography of voyage iron production, showing that it originated in places – primarily Sweden – that are not often thought of as being connected to Atlantic commerce. It then considers the impact that European iron had on West Africa, where iron smelting was very well-established locally. The vibrancy of African metallurgy has led some distinguished Africanists to dismiss voyage iron as marginal to African needs. By contrast, it is contended here that European iron underpinned an agro-environmental transformation of the coastal forests in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and played a major role in the spread of New World crops in West Africa. Voyage iron was a superficially unremarkable producer good but it contributed to a profound reshaping of the economic geography of West Africa.
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| 39. |
- Fiebranz, Rosemarie, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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The Diversity of Work
- 2016
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Ingår i: <em>Making a Living, Making a Difference</em>. - New York : Oxford University Press. - 9780190240615
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 40. |
- Fiebranz, Rosemarie, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Working Together
- 2016
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Ingår i: <em>Making a Living, Making a Difference</em>. - New York : Oxford University Press. - 9780190240615
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Florén, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Smedernas Stjärnsund 1750-1850
- 2000
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Ingår i: Bruk i förändring. En bok om Christopher Polhem och Stjärnsund under tre sekel. ; , s. 189-223
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Florén, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish Iron Before 1900
- 1993
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Ingår i: Ironmaking in Sweden and Russia. - Uppsala : Historiska institutionen, Uppsala universitet. - 9150609610 ; , s. 7-42
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 49. |
- Florén, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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The social organization of work in mines, furnaces and forges
- 1998
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Ingår i: Iron-making societies: early industrial development in Sweden and Russia, 1600-1900. - : R.I. : Berghahn, Providence. - 157181955X ; , s. vi, 356-
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 50. |
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