| 1. |
- Straatmann, Viviane S., et al.
(författare)
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Cross-lagged structural equation models for the relationship between health-related state and behaviours and body bullying in adolescence : findings from longitudinal study ELANA
- 2018
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the stability and the directionality of being body bullied and a set of four variables– 1) Body Mass Index (BMI), 2) moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA), 3) television time (TV) and 4) video game/computer time (VG)-, termed in the present study as ‘health-related state and behaviours (HRSB)’–across adolescence. The Adolescent Nutritional Assessment Longitudinal Study (ELANA) is a cohort study conducted among middle school students from two public and four private schools in Rio de Janeiro-Brazil. We analysed data from 2010 (T1) and 2012 (T2) among 810 adolescents (aged 9–15 at T1). Gender-specific structural equation models (SEM) were estimated, including autoregressive paths for the HRSB and being body bullied over time, correlations at T1 and T2, respectively, and cross-lagged effects. The results presented significant stability coefficients for almost all variables over time in both genders (except for MVPA in boys and girls and TV time among girls). There were positive correlations between BMI and being body bullied, as well as between TV and VG for boys (0.32, p<0.001 and 0.24, p<0.001, respectively) and girls (0.30, p<0.001 and 0.30, p<0.001, respectively) at T1. It remained significant at T2 (boys: 0.18, p<0.05 and 0.16, p<0.01; girls: 0.21, p<0.01 and 0.22, p<0.01, respectively). Examining the cross-lagged paths between being body bullied and HRSB, we observed that the reciprocal model provided the best fit for boys, indicating that BMI at T1 had a significant effect in being body bullied at T2 (0.12, p<0.05) and being body bullied at T1 had an effect on VG at T2 (0.14, p<0.01). Among girls the forward causation model showed the best fit, demonstrating a significant effect of being body bullied at T1 on VG at T2 (0.16, p<0.01). Apart from MVPA, both being body bullying and HRSB were largely stable across adolescence. For boys and girls alike, exposure to being body bullied seemed to increase their time spent on VG, while for boys BMI also predicted being body bullied. This study highlighted the complex interplay between being body bullied and HRSB and the importance of acknowledging gender differences in this context.
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| 2. |
- Straatmann, Viviane S., et al.
(författare)
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Stability and bidirectional relationship between physical activity and sedentary behaviours in Brazilian adolescents : Longitudinal findings from a school cohort study
- 2019
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeWe investigated the stability, correlations and bidirectional relationship of light physical activities (PA), moderate and vigorous PA (MVPA), television viewing (TV) and video game/computer use (VG) in Brazilian adolescents.MethodsAdolescent Nutritional Assessment Longitudinal Study-ELANA is a middle school cohort study conducted in Rio de Janeiro-Brazil in 2010-2012. Self-reported data on PA (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-IPAQ) and screen activities were obtained from 810 adolescents (mean ages of 10.9 years old (SD 0.78) for girls; 11 years old (SD 0.85) for boys) to perform autoregressive cross-lagged structural equation models in two time points for PA and three time points for screen activities.ResultsThere was no significant stability of light PA and MVPA for boys and girls. Moderate stability of screen activities were found for both genders, with a significant coefficient of TV for boys (T1-T2:0.29; T2-T3:0.27 p<0.001); and VG for boys (T1-T2:0.33; T2-T3:0.35 p<0.001) and girls (T1-T2:0.26; T2-T3:0.37 p<0.01). Significant lagged effects were obtained only among girls:light PA had effect on VG (-0.10 p<0.01), as well as in the opposite direction of TV on light PA (-0.03 p<0.01) and TV on MVPA (-0.11 p<0.01).ConclusionThe light PA, MVPA and screen activities (among girls) did not demonstrate stability over time. A warning scenario was suggested by the stability of high amounts of screen activities among boys over time. Screen activities had bidirectional association with light PA and MVPA among girls over time.
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| 3. |
- Adjei, Nicholas Kofi, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of poverty and family adversity on adolescent health : a multi-trajectory analysis using the UK Millennium Cohort Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Lancet Regional Health. - : Elsevier BV. - 2666-7762. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Children exposed to poverty and family adversities including domestic violence, parental mental ill health and parental alcohol misuse may experience poor outcomes across the life course. However, the complex interrelationships between these exposures in childhood are unclear. We therefore assessed the clustering of trajectories of household poverty and family adversities and their impacts on adolescent health outcomes.Methods We used longitudinal data from the UK Millennium Cohort study on 11564 children followed to age 14 years. Family adversities included parent reported domestic violence and abuse, poor mental health and frequent alcohol use. We used a group-based multi-trajectory cluster model to identify trajectories of poverty and family adversity for children. We assessed associations of these trajectories with child physical, mental and behavioural outcomes at age 14 years using multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for confounders.Findings Six trajectories were identified: low poverty and family adversity (43·2%), persistent parental alcohol use (7·7%), persistent domestic violence and abuse (3·4%), persistent poor parental mental health (11·9%), persistent poverty (22·6%) and persistent poverty and poor parental mental health (11·1%). Compared with children exposed to low poverty and adversity, children in the persistent adversity trajectory groups experienced worse outcomes; those exposed to persistent poor parental mental health and poverty were particularly at increased risk of socioemotional behavioural problems (adjusted odds ratio 6·4; 95% CI 5·0 – 8·3), cognitive disability (aOR 2·1; CI 1·5 – 2·8), drug experimentation (aOR 2·8; CI 1·8 – 4·2) and obesity (aOR 1·8; CI 1·3 – 2·5).Interpretation In a contemporary UK cohort, persistent poverty and/or persistent poor parental mental health affects over four in ten children. The combination of both affects one in ten children and is strongly associated with adverse child outcomes, particularly poor child mental health.
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| 4. |
- Brännström Almquist, Ylva, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Drivers of Inequalities among Families Involved with Child Welfare Services : A General Overview
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 19:13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When parents are unable to raise their children or to meet the minimum acceptable standards for their care, this can lead to involvement with child welfare services. In some cases, children are separated from their families and taken into out-of-home care (OHC). For good reason, prior research has primarily focused on the lifelong development of these children, and there is now extensive evidence showing that the experience of placement in OHC is predictive of worse outcomes in almost every dimension of adult life [1,2,3,4,5,6]. It is nonetheless likely that the treatment of OHC as a risk factor at the level of the individual child greatly underestimates the scope of the issue from a public health perspective. Here, we argue that gaining more knowledge about the familial circumstances under which the child welfare services enter—and, in many cases, later on exit—the scene would not only facilitate the understanding of why experiences of OHC tend to leave such long-lasting marks on children, but also how they reflect and contribute to inequalities at the population level.
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| 5. |
- Manhica, Hélio, et al.
(författare)
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Poverty in adolescence and later drug use disorders : understanding the mediation and interaction effects of other psychiatric disorders
- 2022
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Ingår i: BJPsych Open. - : Royal College of Psychiatrists. - 2056-4724. ; 8:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Poverty in adolescence is associated with later drug use. Few studies have evaluated the role of adolescent psychiatric disorders in this association.AimsThis study aimed to investigate mediation and interaction simultaneously, enabling the disentanglement of the role of adolescent psychiatric disorders in the association between poverty in adolescent and later drug use disorders.Method: A national cohort study of 634 223 individuals born in 1985–1990, residing in Sweden between the ages of 13 and 18 years, was followed from age 19 years until the first in-patient or out-patient care visit with a diagnosis of drug use disorder. A four-way decomposition method was used to determine the total effect of the association with poverty and possible mediation by and/or interaction with diagnosis of adolescent psychiatric disorders.Results: The hazard ratios for drug use disorders among those experiencing poverty compared with those ‘never in poverty’ were 1.40 (95% CI, 1.32–1.63) in females and 1.43 (95% CI, 1.37–1.49) in males, after adjusting for domicile, origin and parental psychiatric disorders. Twenty-four per cent of this association in females, and 13% in males, was explained by interaction with and/or mediation by adolescent psychiatric disorders.Conclusions: Part of the association between poverty in adolescence and later drug use disorders was due to mediation by and/or interaction with psychiatric disorders. Narrowing socioeconomic inequalities in adolescence might help to reduce the risks of later drug use disorders. Interventions aimed at adolescents with psychiatric disorders might be especially important.
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| 6. |
- Morgado, Fabiane Frota da Rocha, et al.
(författare)
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Psychosocial determinants of physical activity among workers: an integrative review : [Determinantes psicossociais de atividade física entre trabalhadores: uma revisão integrativa]
- 2020
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Ingår i: Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Trabalho. - : EDITORA SCIENTIFIC. - 1679-4435 .- 2447-0147. ; 18:4, s. 472-487
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowledge of the psychosocial determinants of physical activity is critical to informing preventive and therapeutic interventions in the workplace. This study reviewed available evidence on psychosocial factors that have been associated with physical activity among workers. Studies were selected in December 2019 from the Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases, with no date limits, using the following search terms: “physical activity”, “physical exercise”, “psychosocial”, “workers”, and “working-age”. Thirty-nine studies published between 1991 and 2019 were evaluated. The determinants of physical activity investigated among workers were smoking status, stress, psychosocial working conditions, depression, anxiety, social relationships, work ability, job satisfaction, burnout, and self-efficacy. Some consistencies and controversies were observed in the associations among these determinants and physical activity and are discussed, as are suggestions for future studies. The findings of this review may be of interest to physical activity interventions designed to reduce psychosocial risks factors in work environments.
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| 7. |
- S. Straatmann, Viviane, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between out-of-home care and mental health disorders within and across generations in a Swedish birth cohort
- 2022
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Ingår i: SSM - Population Health. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-8273. ; 18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous studies have shown that mental health disorders (MHD) among parents might be an important mechanism in the intergenerational transmission of out-of-home care (OHC). The current study aimed to further study this interplay by investigating the associations between OHC and MHD within and across generations. We used prospective data from the Stockholm Birth Cohort Multigenerational Study (SBC Multigen) on 9033 cohort members (Generation 1; G1) and their 15,305 sons and daughters (Generation 2; G2). By odds ratios of generalised structural equation modelling, we investigated the intergenerational transmission of OHC and MHD, respectively, as well as the association between OHC and MHD within each generation. Second, we examined the associations between OHC and MHD across the two generations. In order to explore possible sex differences, we performed the analyses stratified by the sex of G2. The results showed an intergenerational transmission of OHC, irrespective of sex. Regarding the intergenerational transmission of MHD, it was shown for both sexes although only statistically significant among G2 males. OHC was associated with MHD within both generations; in G2, this association was stronger among the males. While we found no direct association between OHC in G1 and MHD in G2, there was a significant association between MHD in G1 and OHC in G2. The latter was more evident among G2 females than G2 males. We conclude that OHC and MHD seem to be processes intertwined both within and across generations, with some variation according to sex. Although there did not seem to be any direct influences of OHC in one generation on MHD in the next generation, there was some indication of indirect paths going via parental MHD and child OHC.
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| 8. |
- S. Straatmann, Viviane, et al.
(författare)
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How do early-life adverse childhood experiences mediate the relationship between childhood socioeconomic conditions and adolescent health outcomes in the UK?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. - : BMJ. - 0143-005X .- 1470-2738. ; 74:11, s. 969-975
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Both adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and adverse childhood socioeconomic conditions (SECs) in early life are associated with poor outcomes across the life course. However, the complex interrelationships between childhood SECs and ACEs are unclear, as are the consequences for health outcomes beyond childhood. We therefore assessed the extent to which early-life ACEs mediate the relationship between SECs and socioemotional behavioural problems, cognitive disability and overweight/obesity in adolescence.Methods We used longitudinal data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study (MSC). Outcomes assessed at age 14 were socioemotional behavioural problems, cognitive disability and overweight/obesity. SECs at birth were measured by maternal education. Potentially mediating ACEs measured up to 5 years were verbal and physical maltreatment, parental drug use, domestic violence, parental divorce, maternal mental illness and high frequency of parental alcohol use. We used counterfactual mediation analysis to assess the extent to which ACEs mediate the association between SECs at birth and behavioural, cognitive and physical outcomes at age 14, estimating total (TE), natural direct and indirect effects, and mediated proportions.Results Children with disadvantaged SECs were more likely to have socioemotional behavioural problems (relative risk (RR) 3.85, 95% CI 2.48 to 5.97), cognitive disability (RR 3.87, 95% CI 2.33 to 6.43) and overweight/obesity (RR 1.61, 95% CI 1.32 to 1.95), compared to those with more advantaged SECs. Overall, 18% of the TE of SECs on socioemotional behavioural problems was mediated through all ACEs investigated. For cognitive disability and overweight/obese, the proportions mediated were 13% and 19%, respectively.Conclusion ACEs measured up to age 5 years in the MCS explained about one-sixth of inequalities in adolescents behavioural, cognitive and physical outcomes.
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| 9. |
- S. Straatmann, Viviane, et al.
(författare)
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Intergenerational transmission of out-of-home care and the role of mental health problems : Findings from Stockholm birth cohort multigenerational study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Social Science and Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0277-9536 .- 1873-5347. ; 284
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Out-of-home care (OHC) experiences are associated with poor long-term outcomes throughout life. However, the continuity of OHC over generations is not fully explored, and the influence of mental health problems (MHP) and socioeconomic conditions on such transmission is still unclear. We therefore assessed the extent to which MHP affect the intergenerational transmissions of OHC as well as whether there are differential patterns depending on the socioeconomic conditions of the family of origin. We used a prospective data from the Stockholm Birth Cohort Multigenerational Study (SBC Multigen) on 11,333 cohort members (Generation 1; G1), their parents (Generation 0; G0), and 24,905 children (Generation 2; G2). Multivariate regressions and path models were used to examine the associations between OHC and MHP across generations; stratified analysis by occupational class in G0 was performed to explore potentially differential patterns. Our findings support the existence of an intergenerational transmission of OHC, particularly in the working class group (OR 4.70); MHP was only transmitted across generations in this group (OR 1.51). While the results indicated a stronger role of MHP among the middle/upper class (OR 5.59) compared to working class (OR 3.52) in part of the pathway (MHP G1-*OHC G2), this patter was not consistent throughout the whole pathway (e.g. OHC G1-*MHP G1). We conclude that there is a tendency for OHC and MHP experiences to continue across generations, particularly among families with more disadvantageous socioeconomic conditions. MHP seem to play an important role in the transmission of OHC irrespective of socioeconomic conditions.
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| 10. |
- Straatmann, Viviane S., et al.
(författare)
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Disease or function? What matters most for self-rated health in older people depends on age
- 2020
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Ingår i: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1594-0667 .- 1720-8319. ; 32, s. 1591-1594
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Self-rated health (SRH) holistically captures older adults' health status from the perspective of the individual.Aims To explore the accuracy of five objective health indicators related to diseases, physical function, cognition and disability in discriminating SRH among the youngest and oldest old.Methods We used baseline data from 2196 participants of the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K), Sweden (years 2001-2004). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) were obtained from logistic regressions adjusted by sex, age and education.Results Among the youngest old, having >= 4 chronic diseases showed the highest discriminatory capacity of poor versus good SRH (AUROC: 0.714). Among the oldest old, a walking speed < 1.0 m/s showed the highest discriminatory capacity of poor versus good SRH (AUROC: 0.683), followed by >= 1 limitations in IADL (AUROC: 0.664).Conclusion What matters most for SRH in older people depends on age, with walking speed playing a major role among the oldest old.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Straatmann, Viviane S., et al.
(författare)
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Unplanned Hospital Care Use in Older Adults : The Role of Psychological and Social Well-Being
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of The American Geriatrics Society. - : Wiley. - 0002-8614 .- 1532-5415. ; 68:2, s. 272-280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES To explore the association of psychological and social well-being with unplanned hospital utilization in an older Swedish population. DESIGN Data for this study were gathered from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K). Information on hospital care use was extracted from the Stockholm County Council Inpatient Register for up to 4 years after the baseline SNAC-K assessment (2001-2007). Participants with dementia or living in institutions were excluded from the study sample. SETTING Community-based study of randomly selected adults, aged 60 years or older, living in the Kungsholmen district of Stockholm. PARTICIPANTS A complete case analysis was performed on 2139 individuals. MEASUREMENTS We created standardized indexes of psychological well-being (integrating life satisfaction and positive and negative affect) and social well-being (integrating social connections, support, and participation). Negative binomial models were used to estimate the association of psychosocial well-being with unplanned admissions, hospital days, and 30-day readmissions, considering potential sociodemographic, lifestyle, personality, and clinical confounders. RESULTS Individuals with psychological well-being scores above the median had lower rates of unplanned hospital admissions (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.55-0.82) and hospital days (IRR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.49-0.92) compared to those with scores below the median. High levels of social well-being were also protective for unplanned admissions and hospital days, but the statistical significance was lost in the fully adjusted models. Relative to individuals with low well-being on both indexes, the rate of unplanned admissions and hospital days was lowest in those with both high psychological and social well-being (IRR = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.55-0.93; and IRR = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.39-0.85, respectively). For 30-day readmissions, a statistically significant negative association was found with psychological well-being, but only when operationalized as a continuous variable. CONCLUSION Given their association with unplanned admissions and hospital days, targeting aspects of psychosocial well-being could be a viable strategy for reducing healthcare use and, eventually, costs.
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