| 1. |
- Andersson, Anton, et al.
(författare)
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Design of a Foiling Optimist
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Sailboat Technology. ; 2018, s. 1-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Because of the successful application of hydrofoils on the America's Cup catamarans in the past two campaigns the interest in foiling sailing craft has boosted. Foils have been fitted to a large number of yachts with great success, ranging from dinghies to ocean racers. An interesting question is whether one of the slowest racing boats in the world, the Optimist dinghy, can foil, and if so, at what minimum wind speed. The present paper presents a comprehensive design campaign to answer the two questions. The campaign includes a newly developed Velocity Prediction Program (VPP) for foiling/non-foiling conditions, a wind tunnel test of sail aerodynamics, a towing tank test of hull hydrodynamics and a large number of numerical predictions of foil characteristics. An optimum foil configuration is developed and towing tank tested with satisfactory results. The final proof of the concept is a successful on the water test with stable foiling at a speed of 12 knots.
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| 2. |
- Andréasson, Sara Näslund, et al.
(författare)
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Peritonectomy with high voltage electrocautery generates higher levels of ultrafine smoke particles
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Journal of Surgical Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0748-7983 .- 1532-2157. ; 35:7, s. 780-784
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To adequately perform peritonectomy, the use of an electrocautery device at a high voltage is recommended. The aim of this study was to analyse the amount of airborne and ultrafine particles (UFP) generated during peritonectomy and to compare this with standard colon and rectal cancer surgery (CRC). METHOD: UFP was measured approximately 2-3cm from the breathing area of the surgeon (personal sampling) and 3m from where the electrocautery smoke was generated (stationary sampling) from 14 consecutive peritonectomy procedures and 11 standard CRC resections. The sampling was by P-Trak UFP counter that has the capacity to detect particle size ranging from 0.02 to 1mum. RESULTS: The cumulative level of UFP of personal sampling in the peritonectomy group was higher (9.3x10(6)particle/ml/h (pt/ml/h)) than in the control group (4.8x10(5)pt/ml/h). A higher cumulative level of UFP in stationary sampling was observed in the PC group (2.6x10(6) pt/ml/h) than in the control group (3.9x10(4)pt/ml/h). CONCLUSION: Peritonectomy procedure with high voltage electrocautery generates elevated levels of UFP than standard CRC surgery does. The level of UFP produced by a peritonectomy is comparable to cigarette smoking. More efficient smoke evacuator systems are needed in order to reduce the levels of UFP generated during electrocautery surgery.
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| 3. |
- Bang, Charlotte Sahlberg, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Global gene expression profiling and antibiotic susceptibility after repeated exposure to the carbon monoxide-releasing molecule-2 (CORM-2) in multidrug-resistant ESBL-producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli
- 2017
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 12:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Treatment of urinary tract infections is today a challenge due to the increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant ESBL-producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). There is an urgent need for new treatment strategies for multidrug-resistant UPEC and preferably with targets that have low potential for development of resistance. Carbon monoxide-releasing molecules (CORMs) are novel and potent antibacterial agents. The present study examines the transcriptomic targets of CORM-2 in a multidrug-resistant ESBL-producing UPEC isolate in response to a single exposure to CORM-2 and after repeated exposure to CORM-2. The bacterial viability and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) were also examined after repeated exposure to CORM-2. Microarray analysis revealed that a wide range of processes were affected by CORM-2, including a general trend of down-regulation in energy metabolism and biosynthesis pathways and up-regulation of the SOS response and DNA repair. Several genes involved in virulence (ibpB), antibiotic resistance (marAB, mdtABC) and biofilm formation (bhsA, yfgF) were up-regulated, while some genes involved in virulence (kpsC, fepCEG, entABE), antibiotic resistance (evgA) and biofilm formation (artIP) were down-regulated. Repeated exposure to CORM-2 did not alter the gene expression patterns, the growth inhibitory response to CORM-2 or the MIC values for CORM-2, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim. This study identifies several enriched gene ontologies, modified pathways and single genes that are targeted by CORM-2 in a multidrug-resistant UPEC isolate. Repeated exposure to CORM-2 did not change the gene expression patterns or fold changes and the susceptibility to CORM-2 remained after repeated exposure.
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| 4. |
- Bang, Charlotte Sahlberg, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Multiresistant uropathogenic extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli are susceptible to the carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2 (CORM-2).
- 2014
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Ingår i: Microbial Pathogenesis. - London : Elsevier. - 0882-4010 .- 1096-1208. ; 66, s. 29-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carbon monoxide (CO) releasing molecules (CO-RMs) have been shown to inhibit growth of commensal Escherichia coli (E. coli). In the present study we examined the effect of CORM-2 on uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) that produces extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). Viability experiments showed that CORM-2 inhibited the growth of several different ESBL-producing UPEC isolates and that 500 μM CORM-2 had a bactericidal effect within 4 h. The bactericidal effect of CORM-2 was significantly more pronounced than the effect of the antibiotic nitrofurantoin. CORM-2 demonstrated a low level of cytotoxicity in eukaryotic cells (human bladder epithelial cell line 5637) at the concentrations and time-points where the antibacterial effect was obtained. Real-time RT-PCR studies of different virulence genes showed that the expression of capsule group II kpsMT II and serum resistance traT was reduced and that some genes encoding iron acquisition systems were altered by CORM-2. Our results demonstrate that CORM-2 has a fast bactericidal effect against multiresistant ESBL-producing UPEC isolates, and also identify some putative UPEC virulence factors as targets for CORM-2. CO-RMs may be candidate drugs for further studies in the field of finding new therapeutic approaches for treatment of uropathogenic ESBLproducing E. coli.
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| 5. |
- Ek, Gustav, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrogen induced structure and property changes in Eu3Si4
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Solid State Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-4596 .- 1095-726X. ; 277, s. 37-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hydrides Eu3Si4H2-X were obtained by exposing the Zintl phase Eu3Si4 to a hydrogen atmosphere at a pressure of 30 bar and temperatures from 25 to 300 degrees C. Structural analysis using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) data suggested that hydrogenations in a temperature range 25-200 degrees C afford a uniform hydride phase with an orthorhombic structure (Immm, a approximate to 4.40 angstrom, b approximate to 3.97 angstrom, c approximate to 19.8 angstrom), whereas at 300 degrees C mixtures of two orthorhombic phases with c approximate to 19.86 and approximate to 19.58 angstrom were obtained. The assignment of a composition Eu3Si4H2+x is based on first principles DFT calculations, which indicated a distinct crystallographic site for H in the Eu3Si4 structure. In this position, H atoms are coordinated in a tetrahedral fashion by Eu atoms. The resulting hydride Eu3Si4H2 is stable by -0.46 eV/H atom with respect to Eu3Si4 and gaseous H-2. Deviations between the lattice parameters of the DFT optimized Eu3Si4H2 structure and the ones extracted from PXRD patterns pointed to the presence of additional H in interstitials also involving Si atoms. Subsequent DFT modeling of compositions Eu3Si4H3 and Eu3Si4H4 showed considerably better agreement to the experimental unit cell volumes. It was then concluded that the hydrides of Eu3Si4 have a composition Eu3Si4H2+x (x
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| 6. |
- Kottenhoff, Karl, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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En permanent världsutställning i Karlstad : Så skapar vi framtidens attraktiva kollektivtrafik
- 2012
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Utdrag ur förordet: Arbetet med projektet har starkt bidragit till att politiker och tjänstemän i Karlstad fått upp ögonen för kollektivtrafiken som en engagerande framtidsfråga.Processer har satts igång som vi knappt vågade drömma om när vi började vårt projekt. Inget av detta hade varit möjlig utan Trafikverkets och VINNOVAs förtroende och stöd. Likaså är vi ödmjukt tacksamma till alla de kunniga personer som på olika sätt bidragit med sitt engagemang. Vår önskan och förhoppning är att inspirera till nya spännande kollektivtrafiksatsningar i både Sverige och internationellt.Vi har tittat på och provåkt några av de bästa bussbaserade kollektivtrafiksystemen i världen. Vi inspireras av dessa goda exempel, men känner samtidigt att det finns mycket spännande kvar att göra och utveckla vidare.
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| 7. |
- Nedumkandathil, Reji, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrogenation induced structure and property changes in GdGa
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Solid State Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-4596 .- 1095-726X. ; 239, s. 184-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hydrides GdGaH were obtained by exposing the Zintl phase GdGa with the CrB structure to a hydrogen atmosphere at pressures from 1.5 to 50 bar and temperatures from 50 to 500 degrees C. Structural analysis by powder X-ray diffraction suggests that conditions with hydrogen pressures in a range between 15 and 50 bar and temperatures below 500 degrees C afford a uniform hydride phase with the NdGaH1.66 structure (Cmcm, a=3.9867(7) angstrom, b=12.024(2) angstrom, c=4.1009(6) angstrom) which hosts H in two distinct positions, H1 and H2. H1 is coordinated in a tetrahedral fashion by Gd atoms, whereas H2 atoms are inserted between Ga atoms. The assignment of the NdGaH1.66 structure is corroborated by first principles DFT calculations. Modeling of phase and structure stability as a function of composition resulted in excellent agreement with experimental lattice parameters when x=1.66 and revealed the presence of five-atom moieties Ga-H2-Ga-H2-Ga in GdGaH1.66. From in situ powder X-ray diffraction using synchrotron radiation it was established that hydrogenation at temperatures above 200 degrees C affords a hydride with x approximate to 1.3, which is stable up to 500 degrees C, and that additional H absorption, yielding GdGaH1.66, takes place at lower temperatures. Consequently, GdGaH1.66 desorbs H above T=200 degrees C. Without the presence of hydrogen, hydrides GdGaHx decompose at temperatures above 300 degrees C into GdH2 and an unidentified Gd-Ga intermetallics. Thus the hydrogenation of GdGa is not reversible. From magnetic measurements the Curie Weiss constant and effective magnetic moment of GdGaH1.66 were obtained. The former indicates antiferromagnetic interactions, the latter attains a value of similar to 8 mu B which is typical for compounds containing Gd3+ ions.
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| 8. |
- Sahlberg Bang, Charlotte, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2 (CORM-2) inhibits growth of multidrug-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli in biofilm and following host cell colonization
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMC Microbiology. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2180. ; 16:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased resistance to antimicrobial agents is a characteristic of many bacteria growing in biofilms on for example indwelling urinary catheters or in intracellular bacterial reservoirs. Biofilm-related infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria, such as extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, are a major challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate if a carbon monoxide-releasing molecule (CORM-2) has antibacterial effects against ESBL-producing uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) in the biofilm mode of growth and following colonization of host bladder epithelial cells.ResultsThe effect of CORM-2 was examined on bacteria grown within an established biofilm (biofilm formed for 24 h on plastic surface) by a live/dead viability staining assay. CORM-2 (500 μM) exposure for 24 h killed approximately 60 % of the ESBL-producing UPEC isolate. A non-ESBL-producing UPEC isolate and the E. coli K-12 strain TG1 were also sensitive to CORM-2 exposure when grown in biofilms. The antibacterial effect of CORM-2 on planktonic bacteria was reduced and delayed in the stationary growth phase compared to the exponential growth phase. In human bladder epithelial cell colonization experiments, CORM-2 exposure for 4 h significantly reduced the bacterial counts of an ESBL-producing UPEC isolate.ConclusionThis study shows that CORM-2 has antibacterial properties against multidrug-resistant UPEC under biofilm-like conditions and following host cell colonization, which motivate further studies of its therapeutic potential.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Ångström, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrogen storage properties of the pseudo binary laves phase (Sc1-xZrx)(Co1-yNiy)(2) system
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-3487 .- 0360-3199. ; 38:23, s. 9772-9778
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The (Sc1-xZrx)(Co1-yNiy)(2)-H-z system has been studied using both experimental techniques and ab initio calculations. The material was synthesised through high temperature synthesis and characterised using powder XRD. Hydrogen absorption and desorption was studied in-situ using synchrotron radiation. Maximal storage capacity increased when Co replaced Ni and substitution of Sc for Zr increased the equilibrium pressure. Density functional based calculations reproduce the experimental trends in terms of cell parameters both for the non-hydrogenated systems as well as for the hydrogenated systems, and helped to quantitatively understand the observed hydrogen uptake properties. Copyright (C) 2013, The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 13. |
- Ångström, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrogenation-Induced Structure and Property Changes in the Rare-Earth Metal Gallide NdGa : Evolution of a [GaH](2-) Polyanion Containing Peierls-like Ga-H Chains
- 2016
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Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 55:1, s. 345-352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hydride NdGaH1+x (x approximate to 0.66) and its deuterized analogue were obtained by sintering the Zintl phase NdGa with the CrB structure in a hydrogen atmosphere at pressures of 10-20 bar and temperatures near 300 degrees C. The system NdGa/NdGaH1+x exhibits reversible H storage capability. H uptake and release were investigated by kinetic absorption measurements and thermal desorption mass spectroscopy, which showed a maximum H concentration corresponding to "NdGaH2" (0.93 wt % H) and a two-step desorption process, respectively. The crystal structure of NdGaH1+x was characterized by neutron diffraction (P2(1)/m, a = 4.1103(7), b = 4.1662(7), c = 6.464(1) angstrom, beta = 108.61(1)degrees Z = 2). H incorporates in NdGa by occupying two distinct positions, H1 and H2. HI is coordinated in a tetrahedral fashion by Nd atoms. The H2 position displays flexible occupancy, and H2 atoms attain a trigonal bipyramidal coordination by centering a triangle of Nd atoms and bridging two Ga atoms. The phase stability and electronic structure of NdGaH1+x, were analyzed by first-principles DFT calculations. NdGaH1H2 (NdGaH2) may be expressed as Nd3+(H1(-)[GaH2](2-). The two-dimensional polyanion [GaH](2-) features linear -H-Ga-H-Ga- chains with alternating short (1.8 A) and long (2.4 angstrom) Ga-H distances, which resembles a Peierls distortion. H2 deficiency (x < 1) results in the fragmentation of chains. For x = 0.66 arrangements with five-atom moieties, Ga-H-Ga-H-Ga are energetically most favorable. From magnetic measurements, the Curie-Weiss constant and effective magnetic moment of NdGaH1.66 were obtained. The former indicates antiferromagnetic interactions, and the latter attains a value of similar to 3.6 mu(B), which is typical for compounds containing Nd3 ions.
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