| 1. |
- Björklund, Maria, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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E-consumers’ role in greening distribution
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper aims to address the knowledge gap regarding e-consumers’ role in greening distribution by investigating the exchange of distribution related information between consumers, e-tailers and logistics service providers (LSPs). The 40 largest Swedish e-tailers' homepages were visited, and three e-tailers and four LSPs were interviewed. Consumers appear to have limited ability to affect the greening of distribution. Only a few e-tailers offered green distribution on the online purchase. Lack of communication between LSPs and e-tailers, regarding content, direction and frequency was one reason behind the slow development towards greening distribution.
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| 2. |
- Björklund, Maria, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Konsumentens vitala roll för miljösmart logistik
- 2018
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Ingår i: Supply chain effect. ; 5, s. 18-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Transporter lyfts vanligen fram som ett av de viktigasteområdena för en hållbar utveckling. Flertalet forsknings-studier och utredningar har genomförts för att öka för-ståelsen för hur exempelvis logistikföretag och handels-företag kan göra sina distributionssystem mer hållbara.En viktig aktör som nästan helt glömts bort är konsu-menten.
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| 3. |
- Björklund, Maria, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Nära aktörssamverkan för hållbar logistik : vad innebär det i praktiken?
- 2022
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Ingår i: Supply chain effect. ; :5, s. 32-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Det finns en uppsjö av studier som pekar på vikten avnära samverkan över företagsgränser för en hållbar om-ställning av logistiken. Men hur ser egentligen dennasamverkan ut? Hur möts företagen? Vad pratar de om?Hur är stämningen i rummet? Vilka nya satsningar föds urdenna typ av samverkan?
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Eng-Larsson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Green distribution options in e-commerce : Display versus content
- 2021
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Purpose: Lately, some e-commerce retailers have started displaying climate labels – i.e., eco-labels focusing on greenhouse gas emissions – on distribution or fulfilment alternatives in the check-out of the online store. Using actual purchase data, the purpose of this research is to understand the impact of climate labelling on customers’ choice of fulfillment.Design/methodology/approach: We analyse six months of customer checkout data from a market-leading pharmacy in Northern Europe using a nested logit formulation.Findings: We find that climate labels have a large and significant impact on the probability that a fulfillment alternative is selected by the customer. Further, if the label is attached to a top alternative, it increases the probability that the alternative is chosen. We also find that preselection has a strong effect on the impact of climate labels.Research limitations/implications:We note that climate labelling seems to have a strong impact on customer behavior, it opens up several venues for further research. For instance, there may be other relevant ways to slice the data to bring additional insights. And as climate labelling from more “well-known” labels are being used in e-commerce, the impact might be different.Research limitations/implications: The results have implications for retailers and logistics service providers alike, by indicating both how the content of the fulfillment option and the display of the option in the check-out impacts the business. The results further underline the importance of coordination between retailers and logistics service providers to provide support to consumers.Original/value: Contrary to previous research into greening e-commerce distribution, this paper takes a quantitative approach to address green consumer preferences.
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| 6. |
- Gillström, Henrik, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Ett nödvändigt drivmedel i transformationen mot ellastbilar? : En jämförelse av resursdelning mellan två tekniker
- 2024
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Ingår i: Transportforum.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aktörssamverkan är central för omställning mot en grönare transportsystem, exempelvis vid omställning till eldrift. En organisation i isolering har inte allt det som krävs för en omställning till eldrift, och resurser måste istället delas mellan centrala aktörer såsom fordonstillverkare, infrastrukturhållare och logistikföretag. En aktör har tekniken medan en annan kanske har kunskapen. Beroendet kan vara av olika karaktär och dess omfattning påverkas av exempelvis hur kritisk eller vanlig resursen är. Men på vilket sätt är dessa beroenden centralt vid valet av lösning? Laddning av batterier med sladd är det koncept som vi satsar främst på inom Europa, medan byte av batterier (battery swapping) är den teknik med störst genomslag i exempelvis Kina. Vi har jämfört vilken roll resursdelning har för dessa tekniker.Studien har jämfört resultat från två forskningsprojekt finansierade av Vinnova och Energimyndigheten. Båda projekten har haft arbetspaket som berör samverkan, samtidigt som de fokuserar olika former av tekniska lösningar. Empirin kommer från en strukturerad intervjustudie med 19 svenska logistikaktörer som testat sladdladdning, djupare intervjuer och workshops med olika aktörer från akademi och näringsliv. Empiriska data har analyserats utifrån Resource dependency theory.
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| 7. |
- Gillström, Henrik, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Towards building an understanding of electrification of logistics systems - A literature review and a research agenda
- 2024
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Ingår i: CLEANER LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN. - : ELSEVIER. - 2772-3909. ; 10
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- While electrification of freight deliveries has the potential to heavily reduce the sector's negative impact, there is a clear lack of understanding how logistics systems are affected when electric freight vehicles are implemented. The purpose of the paper is to present an overview of the area and identify major gaps in the literature. A systematic literature review was conducted, with an initial sample of 353 papers, finally resulting in 62 papers after several exclusion steps. A descriptive analysis showed that the area is growing fast and that a vast majority of the papers applied mathematical methods with transport data. Further, five categories were deemed of interest in relation to logistics and electrification in the analysed literature: transport operation, charging, cost, actors, and sustainability. Each category is elaborated on and described in the paper. Additionally, the discussion includes several research gaps that the paper proposes need to be addressed to achieve viable electrified logistics systems and the gaps resulted in a research agenda with seven bullet points aiming to guide future research. The research agenda include, how planning of logistics systems is affected when charging is included; how logistics performance is affected when adopting electric trucks, and there is a need to include actors and their perspectives to a larger extent than what is done in the current literature. By highlighting what is missing in the literature, this paper strives to be an important addition to achieve viable electrified logistics systems, which can ultimately lead to a reduction of the freight sector's negative climate impact.
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| 8. |
- Gillström, Henrik, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding How Electrification Affects The Logistics System – A Literature Review
- 2022
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Ingår i: NOFOMA Conference 2022.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose:Electrification of freight transports is an area that is under fast development, and there is a need to capture the current status of the research. The purpose is to create an overview of the area of electrified freight transport and describe how logistical aspects have been taken into consideration in the literatureDesign/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review has been carried out to create the overview and laying the foundation for identification of research gaps. Findings: The results suggest that there has been a lack of focus on qualitative methods, on actors in general, and inclusion of logistical aspects when studying electrification of freight. Research limitations/implications: Based on the overview of the area, a future research agenda has been proposed that highlight different gaps in the current literature. Practical implications: Within the area of electrification of freight transports, the industry and research are evolving simultaneously, and the proposed research agenda can thereby function as a guide for both.Social implications: Electrification is important in reducing the sector’s negative impact on the environment.Original/value: This paper is one of the first to provide an overview of electrification of freight transport with the perspective on the effects on logistics systems.
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| 9. |
- Gutierrez Chiriboga, Jorge, et al.
(författare)
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Business model alignment in supply chain management : A literature review
- 2021
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Efficient interaction between actors within supply chains is crucial for their effectiveness. It could be argued that a certain degree of alignment between the different actors’ business model is a prerequisite for the success of interaction. The purpose is to explore how business model alignment between different supply chain actors is described and analysed in the context of Supply Chain Management (SCM).Design/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review on business models in the context of SCM was performed. Based on holistic meta-business model (Kindström, 2005), the findings were analysed with respect to the business model and to the supply chain.Findings: The findings confirm that business models in the context of SCM is a relatively unexplored area, and that the topic has been addressed in a wide variety of journals.In relation to the supply chain, alignment is discussed between buyers and suppliers, between actors in the transport provision chain, between the supply chain and the transport provision chain, and internally. Overall, alignment between buyers and suppliers is confirmed as positive for supply chain performance.Research limitations/implications: The results provide bases for further research into more focused areas within the business model frame. In particular, the connection between transport provision and their suppliers –the automotive industry –is missing in the literature.Original/value: The business model concept is poorly addressed with the perspective of alignment. Research into business model alignment can contribute to literature on strategic SCM.
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| 10. |
- Gutiérrez Chiriboga, Jorge, 1973-
(författare)
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Roadblocks to Implement Electric Freight Transports : Challenges for Commercial Vehicle Manufacturers and Hauliers
- 2024
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The freight transport industry is crucial for the global economy and a key element of all supply chains and logistics systems. The demand for freight is expected to more than double over the next three decades. Freight transport’s externalities and negative impact on the environment have been highlighted in previous research and reports. At the same time, the latest IPCC (2023) report highlights the urgency to dramatically cut emissions to mitigate the effects on climate change caused by human actions, which also relates to freight transport, which in essence is a result of the design and management of supply chains. A way of reducing GHG emissions from logistics operations is to implement a variety of environmentally friendly strategies, processes, and activities designed to minimize the environmental impact of such operations. Switching to vehicles powered by zero-emission and non-pollutant technology is one of the proposed strategies to reduce the environmental impact of logistics operations. Electromobility is foreseen to become one of the main pathways to decarbonize supply chains and logistics operations. However, the transition to electromobility entails that many actors in the supply chain are affected. Two important actors in the transition are the Commercial Vehicle Manufacturers (CVMs), as technology providers, and the hauliers, as technology adopters. The implementation of Heavy-duty Battery Electric Vehicles (HBEVs) in rod freight transport entails that, as technology providers, and the hauliers, as technology adopters, are exposed to a range of challenges The purpose of the thesis is to describe and explain the challenges of implementing BEVs among Commercial Vehicle Manufacturers (CVMs) and Hauliers. This thesis targets the intersection of electromobility and supply chain management and aims to contribute to the body of research on green logistics by investigating managerial and business-related aspects of the implementation of HBEVs in road freight transports and to shed light on the subject to practitioners outside academia. The research has been performed through literature reviews and case studies. The case studies include interviews, document studies and observations from two commercial vehicle manufacturers (of which one is a main case and one is a reference case), and eight haulier companies. The research reveals that the challenges for both CVMs and hauliers relate to Technology, Finance, Market, Organization and Policy. Further, the challenges take different shape depending on the actor’s perspective, for example, a technology-related challenge for the CVMs such as battery capacity, translates to a technology-related challenge for the hauliers in terms of limited range. Finally, the challenges can be interrelated and might have a reinforcing effect in many cases, which inhibits, even further, the transition to electrified freight transports. For instance, challenges related to technology have a direct impact on operations and finance. The limited range of HBEVs – a technology challenge – results in a less flexible freight vehicle, that requires a more careful planning from the hauliers’ side – operational challenge. The loss of operational flexibility entails that it’s more difficult for the hauliers to accept unplanned transport assignments from transport buyers, which has a direct impact on the haulier’s earning capacity – a financial challenge.
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| 11. |
- Haag, Linnea, 1992-
(författare)
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Dynamic capabilities for managing logistics challenges of retailers
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The increase in globalisation of trade, digitalisation and new technical advances in marketing, IT, and logistics have created new opportunities for retailers to expand and reshape their businesses. These changes have resulted in more complex logistics, and retailers are now facing several critical logistics challenges. To manage these challenges, retailers need to have dynamic capabilities (DCs) that enable them to continuously modify their logistics in order to create and maintain wellfunctioning logistics systems that are both cost-effective and service oriented. In addition, retailers need to have specific antecedents in place that enable them to develop and use such DCs. Despite the importance of DCs in retail, there is a limited understanding of these DCs and their antecedents, and how they enable retailers to adapt their logistics to manage logistics challenges. Hence, the purpose of this dissertation is to: Using a DC lens, explain how retailers can manage logistics challenges. This dissertation is based on two studies and includes six appended papers, which together cover the two logistics challenges of geographical expansion of retailers and transition to omni-channel retailing. The methodologies applied include a combination of literature studies and multiple case studies of large-sized Swedish retailers, in order to identify, describe, and explain DCs and their antecedents in a retail setting. A DC lens was used to study DCs and their antecedents from an intraorganisational and an interorganisational perspective, in which intraorganisational DCs were first studied in the geographical expansion of retailers, followed by interorganisational DCs (IDCs) in the transition to omni-channel retailing. The findings present accessing, integration, and utilisation as three important DCs to manage the geographical expansion of retailers. In addition, the findings present three receive-oriented IDCs: accessing, integration, and utilisation, as well as two transferoriented IDCs: identify knowledge-transfer opportunities and transfer of knowledge, which together are important for the transition to omni-channel retailing. In terms of antecedents, four antecedents of intraorganisational DCs: centralised logistics control, centralised logistics structure, standardisation of logistics operations, and learning orientation, were found to support the geographical expansion of retailers. In the transition to omni-channel retailing, two antecedents of IDCs: supply chain orientation and learning orientation, were found. This research provides in-depth insight into how retailers can manage two important logistics challenges in retail: the geographical expansion of retailers and the transition to omni-channel retailing. In addition, this research provides a refinement of DCs and their antecedents to increase our understanding of how such DCs and their antecedents enable retailers to manage different logistics challenges. Previous research has not identified, described, or explained how DCs enable retailers to systematically adapt their logistics to new conditions and issues related to different challenges. By studying DCs from both an intraorganisational and an interorganisational perspective, this research identifies a distinction between receive-oriented and transfer-oriented DCs, which are essential for accessing, integration, and utilisation of external resources, as well as for identifying and transferring internal resources, in order to facilitate new logistics solutions to manage different logistics challenges. For logistics practitioners, this research demonstrates the importance of retailers working systematically to manage different logistics challenges and provides several concrete examples of how retailers can take on such challenges, as well as summarising valuable learning and experiences from retail practitioners. In addition, the research reveals the importance of a shared logistics vision, a proactive role taken by the logistics function of retailers, and collaboration between retailers and LSPs, in order to better manage logistics challenges in retail.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Haag, Linnea, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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Supply chain capabilities for facilitating the internationalisation of retailers : a multiple case study of three Swedish retail companies
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Review of Retail Distribution & Consumer Research. - : Routledge. - 0959-3969 .- 1466-4402. ; 29:3, s. 321-339
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Market-oriented aspects of retail internationalisation have received a lot of research attention since the 1990s. However, beyond these aspects lies also supply-chain oriented capabilities that are necessary for retailers to successfully internationalise into foreign sales markets. By using a perspective based on resource-based theories, this paper explores supply-chain oriented capabilities that facilitate retail internationalisation. The research is based on a multiple case study of three Swedish retailers. Through the perspective of research based theories, specifically capabilities, the empirical data is studied in a single-case as well as a cross-case analysis. Findings reveal three supply chain-oriented capability categories (leadership capability, integration capability and learning capability) of importance for retail internationalisation. Resources necessary for the capabilities are to be found internally at the retailer, but also externally at other firms. This research adds to the market-oriented knowledge on retail internationalisation by adding a supply-chain oriented perspective. Further, it provides an understanding of the early phases of retail internationalisation.
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| 14. |
- Haag, Linnea, 1992-
(författare)
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The Supporting Role of Logistics during the Early Stage of Retail Internationalisation
- 2019
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Retail internationalisation refers to the establishment of retailers into foreign sales markets and is an important success factor for many retail chains. Logistics has been acknowledged as an important prerequisite and key component of retail internationalisation, enabling physical distribution to new foreign markets as well as ensuring customer satisfaction in terms of on-time delivery and product availability. Despite the recognition of logistics, logistics managers struggle to adapt their logistics organisation and operations in order to efficiently and effectively support retail internationalisation due to the complexity of operating in multiple markets. Previous research seldom mentions how logistics supports retail internationalisation, especially when retail chains are at the beginning of their retail-internationalisation journey. By exploring the supporting role of logistics during the early stage of retail internationalisation, retailers can better understand how logistics organisation and operations can be organised in order to successfully expand into foreign sales markets. Therefore, the purpose of this licentiate thesis is to:Explore the supporting role of logistics during the early stage of retail internationalisation.This licentiate thesis is based on an abductive, multiple-case-study approach that combines empirical data with literature in an iterative process in order to explore the supporting role of logistics during the early stage of retail internationalisation. The selected case companies were three large-sized Swedish retail chains that have recently established themselves into nearby foreign sales markets.The findings of this licentiate thesis suggest that logistics plays both a reactive and a proactive supporting role during the early stage of retail internationalisation. The reactive supporting role refers to logistics that adapts to predetermined conditions set by the retail company’s top management team. As a reactive supporter, the logistics organisation is typically involved at an operational level and scales up its logistics operations in order to supply multiple markets. Beyond its reactive role, logistics can also play a proactive supporting role. This refers to its involvement at a strategic level within the retail company where it can influence the conditions of retail internationalisation. When logistics is involved more proactively, its operations can become better aligned with the other company operations involved in retail internationalisation. Furthermore, proactive logistics support enables more efficient and effective logistics that can better cope with increased complexity as well as more effectively keeping track of logistics costs. In addition to these findings, the importance of top management has been identified as a key aspect of proactive logistics support. More specifically, logistics competence within the top management team enables logistics to be prioritised at a strategic level and to be better integrated during retail internationalisation, including during individual establishments into new markets. The findings also suggest that the importance of logistics increases over time during retail internationalisation. The more markets the retailer enters, the more important efficient logistics becomes in order to deal with both complexity and logistics costs. By involving proactive logistics from the start of retail internationalisation, retail chains can more efficiently and effectively establish into and operate within foreign sales markets, which in turn supports a sustainable retail internationalisation.One of the main academic contributions of this licentiate thesis has been to study logistics in the specific context of retail internationalisation, which has previously not been researched in any great detail. In addition, logistics has often been studied as a static aspect, but in this thesis it is studied from a dynamic perspective in order to understand how its supporting role changes over time during the early stage of retail internationalisation. Another important contribution is that the role of logistics has been studied from both a strategic and an operational level, as previous research has mostly focused on the strategic level of logistics related to retail internationalisation. In terms of practical contributions, this licentiate thesis clarifies the logistics characteristics and supply-chain capabilities that support the early stage of retail internationalisation. This licentiate thesis can also help practitioners to better prepare their logistics organisation and logistics operations for a future retail internationalisation, as well as helping them to avoid making logistical mistakes during the early stage of retail internationalisation.
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| 15. |
- Haag, Linnea, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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Towards an increased understanding of learning: a case study of a collaborative relationship between a retailer and a logistics service provider
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0959-0552 .- 1758-6690. ; 50:13, s. 44-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – This study aims to explain how learning occurs in collaborative retailer–logistics service provider (LSP) relationships. The research is guided by two research questions, addressing absorptive and desorptive capacities and the interaction between these capacities.Design/methodology/approach – The study is based on a case study of a Swedish, collaborative retailer– LSP dyad. The empirical data are structured around five specific learning situations within the retailer– LSP dyad. Findings – The findings provide an explanation for how learning occurs within a collaborative retailer–LSP relationship based on subprocesses of absorptive and desorptive capacities. The interaction between these processes is found to rely on two types of support: one-directional and bidirectional. The findings also indicate positive outcomes of learning, such as improved cost efficiencies in warehouse operations, better customer services and improved long-term strategic planning. Practical implications – This study shows how retailers and LSPs can learn from each other and together create an improved logistics system for end customers.Originality/value – This research takes into account absorptive and desorptive capacities in a collaborative retailer–LSP relationship. This study enhances the understanding of inter-organisational learning processes in a retail logistics context.
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| 16. |
- Huge-Brodin, Maria, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Back from the Future : Report on Sustainable Logistics Systems 2020
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings from the 14th Annual Logistics Research Network Conference. - Cardiff, Wales : Cardiff Business School. - 9781904564317 ; , s. 117-123
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeDue to the alarming reports on climate change probably caused by industrial and human activities, the awareness that “we need to do something” is growing in society. And there is not much time – in 2050 CO2-emissions need to be reduced by 80%, compared to the levels some decade ago. In this a huge challenge is to pinpoint where we want to arrive, and what an improved future forecast may look like. Gazing as far as to 2050 would be accurate, however taking such a large leap can be considered as such a large effort that it paralyses rather than encourages action. As there is a need to start acting immediately to be able to alter the development, we have chosen to, as a first step, take a look at what should and can be accomplished during a shorter period of time, and start by gazing towards 2020. The paper aims at the logistics- and transport domain.The purpose of the paper is to describe and discuss desirable scenarios regarding sustainable transport- and logistics systems by 2020.Research approachThe basis for this paper is a series of focused group meetings in a “Think-tank” setting, where actors representing shippers, logistics- and transport providers and authorities were gathered into group discussions. The task given to the participants was to discuss what goals they perceived as both necessary to reach, and realistic to have reached, by 2020. Scenarios were built based on notes from four researchers acting “flies-on the-wall” in the Think-tank.Findings and OriginalityThe findings of this paper are presented as a scenario, or a “report from the future”, of the situation for transport and logistics in 2020 when the development has become more sustainable. The data gathering and scenario building was initially focused on CO2-emissions, however an aspect that emerged as perhaps even more relevant was the more general discussion on resources and energy. The scenarios include innovations in product development and delivery, elaborations on the global centralisation trends, new views on delivery service aspects and collaborative initiatives.Research impactThe paper takes mainly a corporate approach to transport and logistics. It provides insight into what can be realistic goals in a close future, and which changes are needed to reach these goals. Practical impactThe paper can provide a basis for further discussions among practitioners on where to direct future actions.
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| 17. |
- Huge-Brodin, Maria, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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De-greening of logistics through provider-shipper interaction
- 2013
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Ingår i: The 29th Annual IMP Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of the paperIn contrast to the general perception of logistics service providers, recent research suggests that logistics service providers can be considered as more open to developing green services than their customers are to require them. The purpose of this paper is to explain how green efforts and ambitions are transformed when logistics service providers co-operate with their customers.Research methodThe paper is based on a multiple case study of two networks, symmetrically composed of two relationships each with an LSP as the common actor. The networks are analysed first on a dyad level, which is the basis for a network analysis of the cases. The two cases are finally compared in order to identify patterns between the cases.Research findingsThe findings suggest that even though the logistics service providers display a certain level of greenness in their own appearance, the level of greenness decreases to different extent in the interaction with the shippers. The attitude among the shippers is an important reason to how the green efforts are transformed in the relationships, as they are in overall control of the relationships. In addition, even if the shipper is positive and contributes to a positive development the shipper’s customers can constitute a barrier in the LSP-shipper interaction. On the other hand, a mutually positive attitude may impose synergetic effects in the dyad.ContributionThe paper applies the concept of network paradoxes to greening logistics in LSP-shipper dyads, and increases the understanding of why the green efforts among logistics service providers are not directly transferred to the surrounding network of shippers/customers. This contributes to the small but emerging body of literature on the greening of industrial networks, but also to a further understanding of the role of inter-organisational relationships in literature on green supply chain management and green logistics.
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| 18. |
- Huge-Brodin, Maria, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Learning in the supply chain to accelerate the electrification of freight transport
- 2024
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Purpose: Among a multitude of initiatives that can contribute to decarbonize freight transport (McKinnon, 2018), electrification has surficed as a main strategy (Li et al, 2022). The transition towards electrification has commenced, but in particular for long-haul transportation it is slow. Obstacles to the transition include the price of the new technology, lack of infrastructure and lack of policy incentives. In addition, the technology is new to all actors. This new-ness, together with the acknowledged complexity of the transition to electrified freight proposes learning challenges for all involved actors, for example vehicle manufacturers, haulier firms, logistics service providers and shippers. The necessary knowledge to navigate and operate the freight transport system cannot reside in one single orchestrator of the supply chain, but must be shared among actors, which in turn highlight the need for interaction with the purpose to share knowledge and experiences, and to jointly build new knowledge. This paper aims to address how learning among actors in the supply chain can contribute to accelerate the electrification of freight transport.Design / Methodology / Approach: This conceotual paper presents a framework for describing and analysing learning between actors in a supply chain. The framework takes a stance in a model for organisational learning (Crossan, Lane & White, 1999) adapted to the context of inter-organisational learning. This model will be adapted to the context of electrification of freight based on findings from a range of ongoing research projects into electrification of freight transport. Findings: The paper presents a model for describing and analysing learning between organisations in a supply chain. The model is conceptual and is intended to be used for analysing multi-actor learning processes in the context of electrification of freight.Practical implications: The results of the paper include suggestions for how learning between actors in supply chains can increase, by which the transition towards electrification of freight can be accelerated.Relevance / Contribution: Supply chain collaboration has only scaresly been analysed with a learning perspective. The application of learning as mechanisms for supply chain integration in a context of ongoing transition suggests that the results are both novel and relevant.
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| 19. |
- Huge-Brodin, Maria, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable Logistics Service Providers : A strategic perspective on green logistics service provision
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings from the 20th Annual Logistics Research Network Conference. - Derby : The Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport & Derby University. - 9781904564508 ; , s. 1-8
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Environmental sustainability is of increasing importance. The Logistics Service Industry is of specific interest: its impact from mainly transports is still increasing. However, the sustainability of any company also includes a long-term prosperous business. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how a hauler, as an example of a logistics service provider (LSP), through approaching environmental sustainability from an overall strategic business perspective, can succeed long-term.Research Approach: The paper builds on an in-depth case study of a medium sized privately held LSP. The case was selected as it stands out compared to its competitors with respect to environmental engagement and long-term commitment to sustainability related issues. Starting from a framework based on RBT (Resource Based Theory), the case is analysed regarding how various types of resources and dynamic capabilities can contribute to sustainable competitive advantage.Findings and Originality: The case study illustrates how an LSP can put various resources to work and how resources can be combined. It is demonstrated that these combinations of resources are valuable, rare and perfectly inimitable, and that they to a high extent are well established in the company, and hence not rely in certain individuals. The cases study further demonstrates how an LSP can sense possibilities, seize opportunities and, when needed, reshape its business accordingly, and hence possess critical dynamic capabilities. This research contributes by analysing an LSP that, in contrast to most of its competitors, has succeeded in making its sustainable development a strategic asset. This asset reaches beyond the commonly acknowledged efficiency gains, and is an interesting example of how an LSP through its dynamic capabilities can gain a unique position.Research Impact: The strategic perspective through an RBT lens has previously been applied to LSPs mainly in survey based research. The results of this paper are rare, as they build on a real-case situation of a successful and sustainable LSP, while the extant research of success among LSPs going greener mostly suggest future development to become successful. This paper suggests how sustainable development can become a strategic asset for an LSP, and how dynamic capabilities can support that. Theories on dynamic capabilities have previously only been applied to a very limited extent on the analysis of LSPs aiming for going greenerPractical Impact: Based on this case, other LSPs may get inspiration to how they can develop their business to become more sustainable. The analysis points to that greening efforts cannot be seen in isolation, rather it is the combination of efforts, uniquely orchestrated for each case, that can make a difference. Therefore, the results point to relationships between various efforts, as well as how the different greening efforts fit the context of the LSP.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Isaksson, Karin, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental value co-creation between logistics service providers and customers : from a logistics service provider’s perspective
- 2011
-
Ingår i: The 23rd Annual NOFOMA Conference 9-10 June, Harstad, Norway. - 8245302287 ; , s. 605-620
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of this paperAs logistics services increase in both scope and complexity, Logistics Service Providers (LSPs) face increasing challenges in their attempts to improve service performance to customers. One challenge encountered by LSPs comprehends how they should approach environmental issues and also what it is worth for their customers. One way for LSPs to achieve this is to focus on value co-creation between them and their customers. This paper will examine the adequacy of a Service Dominant (S-D) logic perspective in order to better understand value co-creation between LSPs and customers, with a specific focus on environmental aspects as value.Design/methodology/approachWith the starting-point in S-D logic applied to a logistics context, empirical data from case studies with an environmental focus is analysed in order to illustrate LSPs’ situation today.FindingsA range of key elements that can help LSPs to increase value co-creation is proposed. The findings indicate that an S-D logic perspective on environmental co-creation is useful in order to increase the understanding of the value co-creation process between LSPs and their customer.Research limitations/implicationsThe empirical data focuses on environmental aspects of value co-creation within logistics and further research is needed in order to verify the findings on a more general level of value co-creation.Practical implications The results of this paper can inspire LSPs to shift from traditional thinking and working approaches towards a more S-D inspired approach, thereby increasing value co-creation.What is original/value of paperThis paper provides a novel approach when it comes to how to view value co-creation in the relationship between LSPs and their customers. Perspectives and approaches from the S-D logic literature are studied, where LSPs previously are noticed to a very limited extent.
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| 22. |
- Jobrant, My, et al.
(författare)
-
Conceptualising Electrified Logistics Systems Through an Actor Perspective
- 2023
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Purpose: Electrification of freight trucks challenges logistics systems in many ways, for example the trucks have limited range, reduced payload, and charging needs to be included in the system. Current actors must adjust to new prerequisites while new actors enter the system, such as energy suppliers. Hence, there is a need to build an understanding of electrified logistics systems by focus on how central actors are connected to it. The purpose of the paper is to describe electrified logistics systems through an actor perspective.Research Approach: The paper targets how an electrified logistics system can be described and how actors are connected to the system. Empirical data is collected through interviews and workshops with representatives from actors who are actively working with electrification of freight transports. Findings and Originality: The findings showed that both traditional actors, such as logistics companies and transport buyers, and new actors, such as energy suppliers and charge point operators, are important in electrified logistics systems. Through conceptualisation of logistics systems and how actors are connected the system, the findings present a five-layer model.Research Impact: The paper provides a comprehensive identification of actors involved in electrification of freight transport, as well as, highlighting actors that are more central in the transition, something missing in the current literature. Practical Impact: Electrification forces logistics practitioners to alter their view of the logistic system and its actors. This paper provides a holistic view of the complex logistics systems the actors are a part of and can thereby help practitioners adjust to new prerequisites.
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| 23. |
- Jobrant, My, et al.
(författare)
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With Whom to Coordinate and How? : Towards the Adoption of Heavy-Duty Battery Electric Vehicles
- 2023
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Purpose: In logistics systems, the implementation of heavy-duty battery electric vehicles (HBEVs) challenges actors in the transport system, and there is a need for actors to coordinate in various ways. The purpose is to explore how coordination between LSPs and relevant actors in electrified logistics systems can facilitate the adoption of HBEVs.Design/methodology/approach: The study takes a qualitative approach and relies on four interviews with three LSPs as the empirical basis. Theoretically, coordination mechanisms provide a starting-point for the analysis. Findings: The findings highlight coordination mechanisms at play in the on-going electrification of logistics systems, as well as the potential use of coordination mechanisms not yet utilised.Research limitations/implications: The study is performed in a Swedish setting and explore relevant actors and the connections between actors through a coordination lens, thus bridging a gap in the literature.Practical implications: The results can help actors, such as logistics companies and transport buying companies, to understand how, and with whom, to coordinate to implement long-haul HBEVs.Social implications: HBEVs are expected to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases and gives possibility to charge with renewable sources, hence the need to support the implementation.Original/value: While much research into electrification focuses on quantitative studies with a mathematical approach, this paper takes a much-needed actor perspective and highlights how actors can coordinate to carry out a successful transition to fossil free transportation.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Maack, Christina, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Den hållbara logistikkunskapen tar oss framåt
- 2009
-
Ingår i: PLANs forsknings- och tillämpningskonferens 2009. - Stockholm : Logistikföreningen PLAN. - 9197644439 - 9789197644433 ; , s. 113-124
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Framtida miljö- och energiproblem kommer att beröra oss alla. En sektor som är särskilt berörd är logistik- och transportsektorn. För att på ett effektivt sätt ta sig an de utmaningar som bland annat klimatproblematiken medför, behövs initiativ från såväl myndigheter, politiska beslutsfattare, företagsvärlden som forskningen. Det finns idag kunskap inom vissa områden, men det saknas förmåga att implementera den. Inom andra områden är det bristen på kunskap som utgör problemet. Syftet med artikeln är att kartlägga kunskaps-, kompetens och forskningsbehovet inom miljölogistik ur olika perspektiv.Kunskaps, kompetens- och forskningsbehovet har kartlagts och analyserats utifrån såväl forskares som praktikers syn på framtida behov. Artikeln bygger på resultat från fokusgruppsseminarier och en enkätundersökning. I seminarierna deltog representanter från varuägande företag, logistikföretag och samhällsaktörer. Resultatet från kartläggningen visar på ett stort behov av ny kunskap, såsom mätning och fördelning av miljöeffekter miljömätning och kopplingen mellan logistiksystemets miljöeffekter och affärsnyttan för såväl varuägare som logistikföretag. Samhällsaktörerna är den grupp som av samtliga aktörsgrupper, inklusive sig själva, beskrivs som den aktören med störst behov av kunskap kring miljölogistik. Forskningen spelar en viktig roll både för framtagning av ny kunskap och för spridning av ny och befintlig kunskap mellan olika aktörer.
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| 26. |
- Martinsen (Sallnäs), Uni, 1981-
(författare)
-
Coordination of environmental measures in logistics service privider-shipper relationships
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Digital proceedings of the 25<sup>th</sup> NOFOMA Conference. - 9789198097337 ; , s. 1-16
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeDespite increasing research into logistics service providers’ (LSPs’) environmental measures, limited attention has been given to LSP-shipper relationships. This is surprising considering the fact that there is increasing pressure on supply chains to become greener and LSPs are important actors in these supply chains. The aim of this paper is to suggest how environmental measures can be coordinated in LSP-shipper relationships.Design/methodology/approachFour dyadic case studies, consisting of one LSP and one shipper each, provide the empirical basis for this paper. Literature on interorganisational coordination mechanisms is applied to the case findings in order to analyse how environmental measures are coordinated in the dyads. FindingsThis paper identifies a number of coordination mechanisms applicable for different types of environmental measures in LSP-shipper relationships. Moreover, it is suggested that some environmental measures that can be taken in LSP-shipper relationships can be coordinated through different types of coordination mechanisms.Research limitations/implications (if applicable)Although the four cases presented in this paper give suggestions of coordination of environmental measures, studies into additional dyads could give further understanding with regards to environmental coordination in LSP-shipper relationships.Practical implications (if applicable)The results of this paper can help both LSPs and shippers understand how to work with environmental measures by the use of the appropriate coordination mechanisms.Original/valueContrary to previous research, which mainly takes one party's perspective, this paper takes a dyadic approach and thereby adds valuable knowledge to the interorganisational aspects of LSPs’ environmental work.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Martinsen (Sallnäs), Uni, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Environmental practices as offerings and requirements in the logistics market
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Logistics Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1865-0368 .- 1865-035X. ; 7:115, s. 1-22
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The importance of environmental consider- ation for companies is mounting. This applies particularly well to logistics service providers (LSPs) who will have a possibility to compete by being greener than their com- petitors by offering services that include different green practices. As their customers play a vital role with regard to the extent to which LSPs can include environmental practices in their business, the interface between these actors is of interest. The purpose of this article is to describe and explain how environmental practices are reflected in offerings and requirements on the logistics market. A systematic literature review of what has been published on environmental practices as parts of offerings and requirements was complemented by a wider literature review. Empirical data were collected through a home page scan and a case study of four LSP–shipper dyads. With a starting point in stakeholder theory, the different data sets were analysed separately as well as combined, and similarities and differences were discussed. The findings point to differences in the way that LSPs and shippers offer and require environmental practices on their home pages and reasons for this are suggested to be due to their different types of stakeholders. Further, the environmental practices in relationships between LSP and shippers are often more relationship specific than practices on home pages. Based on the combined findings of the data sets, a classification of environmental practices as reflected in offerings and requirements on the logistics market is proposed. The article is mainly based on com- panies’ practices in Sweden and thereby provides a pos- sibility to extend the research into other countries as well. By taking two perspectives, the findings from this research can have implications both for purchasing and marketing of logistic services. The paper suggests which environ- mental practices that LSPs and shippers can offer or require in different stages of their business relationships. Contrary to most research within green logistics, this paper takes a business perspective on environmental practices. Further, the dual perspective of LSPs and shippers taken in this paper offers novel insight into how environmental practices can be included at different stages of LSP–shipper relationships.
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| 29. |
- Martinsen (Sallnäs), Uni, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Greening the offerings of logistics service providers
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 22nd Annual NOFOMA Conference. - Kolding. - 9788792471055 ; , s. 969-984
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of this paper: The importance of green aspects for companies is increasing. Therefore logistics service providers have a possibility to compete by being greener than their competitors. One possibility is to offer services that include different green aspects. The purpose of this paper is to develop a description of possible green categories of a logistics offering, based on a combination of customer and logistics service provider perspectives.Design/methodology/approach: A structured literature review showed what has been published on offerings and requirements regarding green logistics. Empirical data was collected in two steps. A survey was sent out to both shippers and logistics service providers and selected company homepages were scanned.Findings: The paper identifies a range of green categories as well as more specific aspects that can be a part of logistics service providers’ offerings. The findings consist of views from shippers as well as logistics service providers.Research limitations/implications (if applicable): The paper is mainly based on Swedish companies only and thereby provides a possibility to extend the research into other countries as well. Specific research on logistics companies’ green offerings is still scarce and a multidisciplinary approach is recommended for future research.Practical implications (if applicable): The paper provides insight into which green aspects logistics service providers can include in their offerings, as well as what customers could demand from logistics service providers.What is original/value of paper: This paper illustrates both theoretically and empirically which green aspects that can be included in offerings and thereby providing logistics service providers with increased competitiveness alongside increased sustainability.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Martinsen (Sallnäs), Uni, 1981-
(författare)
-
The inclusion of green dimensions in the logistics market : A relationship approach
- 2011
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- PurposeDespite the fact that cooperation is commonly mentioned as important in the greening of supply chains, interaction between logistics service providers and shippers are rarely investigated in green logistics literature. Moreover, the knowledge of how green factors are taken into consideration in relationships on the logistics market appears to be very limited. The purpose of this paper is therefore to analyse how green factors are taken into account in relationships between logistics service providers and shippers. Research approach:This paper is based on a multiple case study, where four dyads between logistics service providers and shippers are researched. Logistics service providers as well as shippers are selected based on their environmental ambitions in logistics as well as in a more general sense. Both a single-case analysis and a cross-case analysis are conducted, based on evidence primarily from interviews with employees that are involved in the specific studied relationships. Relationship dimensions are investigated in order to analyse similarities and differences in matches and gaps of various green categories in the relationships.Findings and Originality:Contrary to previous research, this paper sheds light on how green factors can be taken into account in specific relationships between logistics service providers and shippers. Matches and gaps between green offerings and green demands are identified and explained by relationship characteristics that appear in these specific company interactions. Four propositions are developed and it is suggested that the closeness of a business relationship has an impact on the inclusion of green factors in that relationship.Research impact:This research provides a first indication that relational factors are of importance for the success of “green relationships”. It would be fruitful to extend the research to cover a longer period of time to understand how the inclusion of green factors in logistics market relationship changes over time. Moreover, given that the case studies provide a description of relationships on a national logistics market, it would be beneficial to study other countries’ logistics market as well.Practical impact: The findings of this paper apply to both logistics service providers and shippers who have an ambition to green their logistics operations. Both actors can benefit from knowledge about which relationship dimensions that may be of importance in order to succeed with the greening of logistics service provider-shipper relationships.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Oskarsson, Björn, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
-
Unravelling the interface between procurement and outsourcing
- 2022
-
Ingår i: proceedings & Recordings from IPSERA 2022.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Although there is a strong relation between procurement and outsourcing, there is an unclear use of terminology in the literature. The purpose is therefore to unravel the interface between outsourcing and procurement and clarify how these two concepts relate to each other. The discussion suggests that outsourcing in much of the literature includes more than the definition of outsourcing allows. Leaning against accepted definitions of outsourcing and procurement, we present a description of the interface between these two concepts, thereby clarifying in what sense they overlap, and in which parts the two differ from each other.
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| 34. |
- Rogerson, Sara, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
Internal coordination to enable high load factor
- 2017
-
Ingår i: The International Journal of Logistics Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0957-4093 .- 1758-6550. ; 28:4, s. 1142-1167
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to clarify how activities may be coordinated within shippers’ organisations to enable high load factor (a key aspect of transport efficiency). Design/methodology/approach – A multiple-case study involving three shippers was conducted, in which the logistics or transport managers of each company were interviewed. The cases were analysed according to (1) which activities were coordinated to achieve high load factor, (2) interdependencies between the activities, and (3) the coordination mechanisms that shippers adopted. Findings – A matrix is developed to show the differences in applying various coordination mechanisms in eight categories, according to (1) intrafunctional or interfunctional coordination, (2) sequential or reciprocal interdependencies, and (3) the number of activities (dyadic or multiple). For example, coordination mechanisms aimed at exerting control are more suitable for intrafunctional than interfunctional interaction; interfunctional coordination relies more on mechanisms that aim to increase the understanding of transport-related issues among non-logistics activities. Research limitations/implications – The study is based on data from three Swedish companies. Practical implications – Managers are provided with suggestions for coordinating activities when their goal is to improve load factor. These findings are of interest for reducing costs and emissions. Social implications – Originality/value – In response to suggestions in the earlier literature that shippers could improve their internal coordination to improve their load factor, this paper articulates several mechanisms for performing such coordination in eight situations.
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| 35. |
- Rogerson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
-
Markant ökad fyllnadsgrad med intern koordinering
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Supply chain effect. - : Supply Chain Effect. ; :4, s. 23-26
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Förvånansvärt ofta pratas det om att det inte är ekonomisk hållbart att satsa på miljöförbättrande åtgärder inom logistiken, både bland varuägare och bland logistikföretag. Exempelvis har vi i tidigare forskning sett att varuägare inte är beredda att betala extra för att få miljöanpassade tjänster från logistikföretagen. Vi kommer i denna artikel att behandla fyllnadsgrad, vilken kan ses som en åtgärd som både varuägare och logistikföretag kan jobba med för att minska sin miljlöpåverkan.
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| 36. |
- Rogerson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
-
The impact of power balances and trust on modal shift possibilities
- 2019
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- PurposeFor logistics to become environmentally sustainable, modal shift from road to more energy-efficient alternatives, such as rail and sea, is needed. Power balances and trust between actors may drive and hinder the collaboration needed to induce change. The purpose is to increase the understanding of how power balances and trust between shippers and transport providers influence a change from road to more environmentally sustainable modes of transport.Design/methodology/approachThis paper combines theoretical perspectives with preliminary interviews with both shippers and transport providers involved in modal shift. Theoretically, it builds on change management principles and two inter-organisational perspectives, namely power and trust. FindingsThe results suggest that power balances and trust do indeed have an influence on the probability of modal shift possibilities, albeit they have different impact during the different phases of change.Research limitations/implications (if applicable)This paper is mainly conceptual, but draws on insights from preliminary interviews with shippers and transport providers. Case studies of companies or dyads that have changed from road to rail or sea would be fruitful to validate the findings presented in this abstract.Practical implications (if applicable)Actors, whether being transport providers or shippers, that want to initiate a change toward modal shift, can benefit from the findings. Specifically, they illuminate power bases and different forms of trust that can have a direct impact on modal shift being realised or not.Original/valueContrary to previous research, this paper offers a novel perspective of modal shift by analysing power balances and trust between transport providers and shippers.Keywords: Modal shift, power bases, environmentally sustainable logistics, supply chain collaboration. 1. Purpose of this paperFor logistics to become environmentally sustainable, modal shift from road to more energy-efficient alternatives, such as rail and sea, is needed (Regeringskansliet, 2018). This is a preferable choice in the direction of reducing both climate impact from transportation, as well as congestion on roads. Since de-speeding logistics is found to be a cost-effective way to decrease CO2 emissions (McKinnon, 2016), rail and sea transport should be an attractive option for companies striving towards environmental sustainability.In the light of this, it is somewhat discouraging to find that a shift on modes from road to rail and sea is slow. One reason for this slow progress is that decisions regarding which mode of transport to use are not taken by individual actors. On the contrary, several actors influence the decision, which makes the decision-making process more complicated. Key actors are companies sending and receiving goods (shippers) and transport providers, that arrange and execute the transport. This paper takes its starting-point in these two groups of actors: the shipper and the transport provider. Shippers are of large relevance as they are the ones with a demand of transports and with requirements linked to these. Influencing factors underlying the choice of transport are cost, transport quality, transport time and reliability (Flodén et al., 2017). Transport providers, on the other hand, respond to shippers demands, as a majority of shippers sub-contract their transport operations through a third party (Lammgård and Andersson, 2014). To obtain modal shift in shippers’ supply chains to a larger extent, change is needed. Such change requires the participation of both shippers and transport providers and interaction between them is a prerequisite for success. Two critical change management principles, influencing the interaction between actors, are power and trust. Power balances between actors may both drive and hinder the collaboration necessary to induce change. At the same time, trust is likely to be of importance as an enabler for modal shift. The purpose of this paper is to increase the understanding of how power balances and trust between shippers and transport providers influence a change from road to more environmentally sustainable modes of transport.2. Design/methodology/approachThis paper combines theoretical perspectives with preliminary interviews with both shippers and transport providers involved in modal shift. Theoretically, it builds on change management principles and two inter-organisational perspectives, namely power and trust. Firstly, organisational change can be divided into three phases: unfreeze, change and refreeze (Fawcett et al., 2012). In this paper, two of these phases – the unfreeze and refreeze phase - are in focus, as they are the ones where power and trust are most likely to influence the potential for modal shift. Power is suggested to entail "the ability to evoke a change in another's behavior" (Gaski, 1984, p. 10). Power is relationship-specific and an actor with high power over another in one relationship, might be at a power disadvantage in another relationship. Power can be said to stem from power bases possessed by the actors in a relationship. A commonly applied framework for such bases is the one suggested by French and Raven (1959), who propose five power bases: reward, coercive, expert, referent and legitimate power. Reward power means an ability to mediate rewards to a target actor; coercive instead includes punishment to that target; expert power means a skill or knowledge desired by the target; referent power occurs when the target values identification with the source, and; legitimate power entails a belief by the target that the source has a natural right to influence. In addition to these five power bases, supply chain position is suggested to be of relevance and not covered by French and Raven (1959). According to Kähkönen and Lintukangas (2010), customers often have power over suppliers. Trust can be defined as “an expectation held by an agent that its trading partner will behave in a mutually acceptable manner” (Sako and Helper, 1998, p. 388). According to Sako (1992), there are three different types of trust: contractual, competence and goodwill. Contractual trust means a belief that collaborating actors will stay true to the contract, while competence trust entails a belief that a collaborating actor has the ability to conduct specific tasks. Finally, goodwill trust occurs when actors are willing to exceed the expected contractual agreements. The three types of trust can be said to be levels of trust, where contractual trust is the lowest level, but as relationships develop, trust also can develop and turn into competence trust or goodwill trust. Empirically, the paper relies on preliminary findings from interviews with shippers and transport providers. The interviews have focused on actor collaboration for modal shift to take place and have identified both possibilities and difficulties in the different stages of change that modal shift entails.3. Findings The results suggest that power balances and trust do indeed have an influence on the probability of modal shift possibilities, albeit they have different impact during the different phases of change. In the unfreeze phase, the initiating actor needs to have power advantage over the other actor, as this appears to be necessary for change to take place. In other words, modal shift does not appear to happen by itself, and therefore some degree of power advantage is needed. The power advantage appears to derive mainly from expert power, coercive power or supply chain position. Interestingly, these power bases can be of different relevance depending on whether the initiating actor is the transport provider or the shipper in a relationship between the two actors. Further, some level of trust between the transport provider and the shipper is needed, but especially in the case of new relationships, this trust is not likely to be more than in the form of contract trust. As change has been done and the next step is the refreeze phase, the challenge lies in maintaining the model shift. Here, trust becomes of higher importance than power. If competence trust or even goodwill trust have developed, there is high likelihood of a long-term change. However, if trust has not developed and sufficiently, there might instead be a high likelihood of the change to sustain.4. Research limitations/implicationsThis paper is mainly conceptual, but draws on insights from preliminary interviews with shippers and transport providers. Case studies of companies or dyads that have changed from road to rail or sea would be fruitful to validate the findings presented in this abstract. 5. Practical implicationsActors, whether being transport providers or shippers, that want to initiate a change toward modal shift, can benefit from the findings. Specifically, they illuminate power bases and different forms of trust that can have a direct impact on modal shift being realised or not.6. Originality/value Contrary to previous research, this paper offers a novel perspective of modal shift by analysing power balances and trust between transport providers and shippers.
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| 37. |
- Sallnäs, Uni, 1981-
(författare)
-
Coordination to manage dependencies between logistics service providers and shippers : An environmental perspective
- 2016
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0960-0035 .- 1758-664X. ; 46:3, s. 316-340
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Although it has been suggested that shippers’ demands regarding environmental practices appear to have an impact on the environmental work of LSPs, limited attention has been given to environmental practices in the relationships between LSPs and shippers. The purpose of this paper is to explore how dependencies between LSPs and shippers can influence the way in which environmental practices are coordinated in the relationships between them.Design/methodology/approach: Four dyadic case studies, each consisting of one LSP and one shipper, provide the empirical basis for this paper.Findings: Two types of dependencies are suggested as having an influence over the coordination of environmental practices in LSP-shipper relationships: dependence between LSPs and shippers as such; and dependence with regard to specific environmental practices. In addition, the environmental ambition of the actors is found to be of relevance when LSPs and shippers coordinate environmental practices between them. Based on these parameters, different coordination mechanisms for environmental practices in LSP-shipper relationships are discussed.Research limitations/implications: The research is limited to four cases in a Swedish context. Additional cases might provide other insights into LSP-shipper relationships and thereby lead to modifications of the proposed conceptual framework.Practical implications: The results can help both LSPs and shippers improve their work with environmental practices through the use of the appropriate coordination mechanisms in their inter-organisational relationships.Originality/value: Contrary to previous research, which mainly takes one party’s perspective, this paper takes a dyadic approach and thereby adds valuable knowledge to the inter-organisational aspects of LSPs’ environmental work.
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| 38. |
- Sallnäs, Uni, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
De-greening of logistics? : Why environmental practices flourish and fade in provider-shipper relationships and networks
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Industrial Marketing Management. - : Elsevier. - 0019-8501 .- 1873-2062. ; 74, s. 276-287
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the challenge of making transports and logistics greener, logistics service providers (LSPs) play a central role as the operators of freight transport. Their customers, the shippers, also play an important role in environmental development. Research has identified discrepancies between LSPs and shippers in their environmental practices. This paper takes a relational approach addressing these discrepancies, and the purpose is to develop the understanding of why environmental practices can both flourish and fade in provider-shipper relationships and networks. Paradoxes provide a theoretical lens, while an in-depth case study of two networks provides the empirical basis for the paper. The networks include relationships between LSPs and shippers. Findings show that paradoxes help to raise contextual awareness in the greening of these relationships. Paradoxes in many instances cause environmental practices to fade. One example is when an LSP's environmental ambition gives opportunities for environmental practices, but is limited by the financial goals of the shippers. Findings also indicate that if there are possibilities to relax the paradoxes, environmental practices may instead flourish in the relationships. One example of such a relaxation is environmental competence sustained and cultivated by an LSP, since such competence can increase the power position of the LSP.
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| 39. |
- Sallnäs, Uni, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring barriers to offering environmentally sustainable distribution to consumers
- 2021
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose is to explore barriers that affect the possibilities for retailers to offer environmentally sustainable distribution to consumers. Empirically, the paper relies on three interviews with retailers. Several barriers are identified, and a categorisation of these is described. Two of the most prominent barriers are suggested to be within the market barrier category, specifically that the retailers perceive to be unable to fully trust what the LSPs offer in terms of environmental distribution alternatives, and that the lack of consensus between LSPs on how to measure the impact.
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| 40. |
- Sallnäs, Uni, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Exploring retailers’ learning towards greener supply chains
- 2019
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- PurposeIn order for retailers to decrease environmental impact from logistics, there is a need for a better understanding of what can be done from a retailer perspective in their relationships with logistics service providers (LSPs). This paper aims to explore how retailers can learn in order to become more environmentally sustainable in their relationships with LSPs.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on an in-depth, single case study of a Swedish retailer. The paper relies on learning theories, which are applied to the case study that is of longitudinal nature and covers a period of six years. FindingsFindings indicate that there are different ways to learn in order to improve environmental sustainability in relationships with LSPs. Specifically, both single- and double-loop learning is of relevance. In terms of what can be learnt, the results suggest a number of different learning items that have potential to contribute to a decrease in environmental impact.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper presents a first attempt to categorise different ways of learning for retailers who want to improve their environmental sustainability in relationships with LSPs. Deeper analysis is needed to understand if the learning items can be divided into more specific categories, such as different types of environmental practices (e.g. technological or managerial).Practical implicationsThe results will provide retailers with a better understanding of how to take the next step in terms of greening their relationships with LSPs. Environmentally ambitious LSPs can, in turn, benefit from deeper insight into their customers’ internal work and take action based on this knowledge.Original/valueDue to its longitudinal approach and the application of theory on organisational learning, this paper offers a novel perspective on retailers’ strive in increasing environmental sustainability in relationships with LSPs.
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| 41. |
- Sallnäs, Uni, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Facilitating green delivery options for consumers through interaction : A retailer perspective
- 2021
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Efficient goods distribution is key to the success of e-commerce and can even be a means for retailers to stay ahead of competition. However, e-commerce distribution also has a negative environmental impact. In fact, e-commerce distribution is often the most inefficient and the least environmentally sustainable part of the supply chain (Gevaers et al., 2014; Mangiaracina et al., 2015). Given the rate of e-commerce growth, measures need to be taken to reduce the environmental impact from e-commerce distribution. Retailers are under pressure to act sustainably and are even suggested to have a responsibility to support consumers in behaving more sustainably (Wiese et al., 2015). Consumers are also vital to the challenge of improving environmental sustainability of e-commerce distribution (Buldeo Rai et al., 2019). They are often given a number of delivery options to choose from, and their choices affect the environmental impact. For example, consumers that are willing to wait a few extra days for their ordered products create better conditions for logistics service providers (LSPs), on which many retailers rely to execute the distribution of sold goods, to increase fill-rates of their vehicles and thereby decrease the environmental impact. For consumers to be able to make more environmentally sound choices of distribution, they need guidance when choosing delivery options. Providing such guidance constitutes a large challenge for retailers, as the most environmentally sustainable choice is far from intuitive (e.g. van Loon et al., 2015). In fact, retailers are largely dependent on other actors to succeed. For example, LSPs have the expertise related to the environmental effects of their logistics operations. As a retailer, taking on the challenge of offering green delivery options is often more complex than it would seem at first hand, since LSPs and retailers need to coordinate their respective networks and efforts. This paper takes an interaction perspective of this challenge, as a means to expand the understanding of the actors that need to be involved for green delivery options as presented to consumers. The purpose of the paper is to increase the understanding of how retailers can facilitate green delivery options for consumers through interaction with other actors. A literature review of green logistics literature serves as a point of departure as to what can constitute a green delivery option for consumers. Empirically, the paper is based on a single case study of a Swedish retailer with both physical stores and an online sales channel. The case company was selected due to its high ambition and determination to be able to offer green delivery options to consumers. Data was gathered through meetings, semi-structured interviews and documents provided by the company. Early results suggest that retailers need to interact with a number of actors to be able to offer green delivery options for consumers. In order for the green delivery options to be trustworthy, the retailer needs to have an understanding of the environmental impact of their different distribution alternatives. To gain such knowledge, interaction with their contracted LSPs is necessary, as they have the knowledge of the environmental impact of their operations in different contexts. Interestingly, the studied retailer also had close interaction with a consulting firm, whose role was to secure the quality of the LSPs’ data and to compare the delivery options in terms of environmental impact. When a retailer has an overview of the environmental impact of different delivery options, this knowledge needs to be transferred into green delivery options that are understandable and accessible for consumers. As retailers often rely on other actors to provide platforms though which consumers make their choice of delivery, interaction with such companies can be vital. In the studied case, the interaction between the retailer and the platform developer, combined with extensive internal interaction on the retailer’s part, lead to a website presentation of the green delivery options for consumers. Finally, interaction with consumers is of importance for retailers to understand how consumers react to the green delivery options. The findings suggest that for retailers to be able to offer green delivery options for consumers, a larger number of actors need to be involved than what has been suggested in previous literature, in which retailers, LSPs and consumers are commonly mentioned. Furthermore, LSPs may have a surprisingly peripheral role in the development of the green aspect of the service offering compared to what earlier research has suggested. By studying green distribution in relation to consumer offerings, this paper helps bridge the gap between the two research fields green logistics and e-commerce. In terms of practical implications, this study can be used by retailers to better understand how they can proceed in order to offer green delivery options to consumers.
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| 42. |
- Sallnäs, Uni, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Green distribution alternatives: actors, roles and responsibilities
- 2024. - 1
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Ingår i: Environmentally Responsible Supply Chains in an Era of Digital Transformation. - Cheltenhamn : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781803920191 - 9781803920207 ; , s. 105-122
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- E-commerce presents a fantastic opportunity for consumers to receive product deliveries anytime, anyhow and anywhere. However, a major challenge for all logistics systems is that of environmental sustainability, and for e-commerce, the distribution of products to consumers constitutes one of the largest environmental challenges. This chapter focusses on green distribution alternatives for consumers, and thereby provides an overview of how e-commerce can become more environmentally sustainable through offering such alternatives. The chapter starts by pointing to two major trends behind the greening of e-commerce: the growth of e-commerce itself and the increasing societal and corporate concern for environmental sustainability. Building on a series of studies of e-commerce development on the Swedish market, the perspectives of consumers, retailers and logistics service providers paint a broad picture of e-commerce delivery. Finally, today’s as well as potential future challenges for sustainable e-commerce deliveries are discussed.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Sallnäs, Uni, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Klimatsmart e-handelsdistribution : Hur svårt kan det vara?
- 2022
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Ingår i: Supply chain effect. ; :4, s. 12-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Logistik spelar en viktig roll för e-handelns miljöpåverkan och e-handelns framfart medför att konsumenten i allt större utsträckning kan, och vill, påverka den miljömässiga hållbarheten i logistiken. Särskilt i den senare delen av försörjningskedjan, det som ofta kallas sista milen, så har konsumenten stor makt att påverka.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Sallnäs, Uni, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Slutrapport: Hållbar distribution i e-handeln : Hur kan klimatsmarta leveransalternativ underlättas?
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Inom ramen för det VINNOVA-finansierade projektet ”Hållbar distribution i e-handeln: Hur kan klimatsmarta leveransalternativ underlättas” (HELSMART) har syftet varit att ta fram kunskap om hur e-handlare kan utforma och presentera klimatsmarta leveransalternativ till konsumenter för att minimera klimatpåverkan från e-handelsdistributionen, och på så sätt bidra till ett fossilfritt samhälle. I denna rapport presenteras resultaten från projektet, som pågått under 2020-2023 och som varit ett samarbete mellan Linköpings Universitet och Stockholms Universitet. Projektet har kombinerat olika datainsamlingsmetoder, vilket gett möjlighet att förstå utmaningen med hållbara e-handelsleveranser ur olika perspektiv. Metoderna inkluderar dels en genomgång av e-handlares hemsidor, dels fallstudier och intervjuer med e-handlare, logistikföretag och transportplattformsföretag, och dels konsumentdata från faktiska köp före och efter introduktionen av ”miljömärkning” av leveranser. Sammantaget har det här projektet följt utvecklingen av miljömässigt hållbar e-handelsdistribution i en svensk kontext under de senaste nästan fyra åren. Resultaten visar att det finns en enorm komplexitet kopplat till miljömässigt hållbara leveransalternativ. För att belysa denna komplexitet så presenteras i rapporten en process som beskriver tre steg för att kunna utforma och presentera klimatsmarta leveransalternativ till konsumenter. Dessa innefattar: Identifiera miljömässigt hållbara leveransalternativ, Erbjuda miljömässigt hållbara leveransalternativ till konsumenter, och Vägleda konsumenters val av miljömässigt hållbara leveransalternativ. Genomgång av de tre stegen leder sedan fram till en avslutande diskussion där fyra centrala budskap lyfts. För det första är det inte självklart vad som menas med miljömässigt hållbar leverans. Här finns t.ex. oklarheter i vad man är ute efter att minimera när man vill uppnå miljömässigt hållbara leveranser, och om och hur det går att jämföra olika logistikföretags utsläpp på ett rättvisande sätt. För det andra så befinner sig e-handlarna inte i ett vakuum utan är beroende av andra aktörer, vilket gör att de slutgiltiga utsläppen beror på beslut från en mängd olika och starkt skilda beslutsfattare. För det tredje så skapar externa märkningar transparens, samtidigt som de riskerar att skapa förvirring. För samtidigt som externa märkningar har sina fördelar, så kan de också leda till att för många typer av miljömässigt hållbara leveransalternativ kommuniceras parallellt. För det fjärde så visar resultaten att hållbara leveransalternativ är viktiga för konsumenter, men inte lika viktigt som allt annat. Men genom att placera det miljömässigt hållbara leveransalternativet högst upp i checkouten och markera det som förvalt, så ökar sannolikheten för att konsumenter ska välja detta alternativ. Små knuffar på tillräckligt många kan på sikt ha enormt stor effekt på totala utsläpp.
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| 48. |
- Sallnäs, Uni, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of power and trust on potential for modal shift
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- PURPOSEIt is well-recognised that logistics and transports cause large negative environmental effects and there are a number of environmental practices suggested to decrease these effects and lead to more sustainable logistics. One of these is modal shift, from for example road to more energy-efficient alternatives, such as rail and sea. A difficulty with such a shift is the many actors that need to be involved in order to induce and maintain change. Both shippers and transport providers have crucial roles in inducing and maintaining modal shift. Transport providers respond to shippers' demands. Transport providers may suggest transport solutions using rail and sea, but shippers ultimately make the decision, and may need to change how they formulate their needs or control transport providers. Thus, inter-organisational aspects such as power balances and trust between actors likely have an impact on potential for modal shift. The purpose is therefore to explore how power balances and trust between shippers and transport providers influence a shift from road to more environmentally sustainable modes of transport.RESEARCH APPROACHDrawing on inter-organisational theories, aspects of power and trust that can have an impact on modal shift potentials are identified, including a number of power bases. Interviews with shippers as well as logistics service providers provide the empirical basis for the paper.FINDINGS AND ORIGINALITYFindings point to both trust and power as highly relevant aspects of inter-organisational interaction in the context of modal shift. In terms of power, possession of a number of power bases, such as expert power and referent power, by shippers and transport providers are important. Further, these power bases are of more importance in the initial stages of modal shift, i.e. as facilitators to induce change, than later on in the process. Trust, on the other hand, appears to be equally important to induce and maintain a shift in modes. While trust appears only as an enabler of modal shift, power bases can act as both enablers and barriers.RESEARCH IMPACTThis research contributes to the green logistics literature in that it addresses modal shift. While drivers and barriers to modal shift for individual actors have been described in earlier literature, this paper addresses the need for interaction between shippers and transport providers. Specifically, the influence of power and trust on the potential for modal shift is outlined.PRACTICAL IMPACTThe identification of aspects of trust and power balances in this context may have a direct impact on modal shift being realised or not. For the actors directly involved in the modal shift, i.e. shippers and transport providers, the results will increase the understanding of what facilitates and hinders modal shift to more energy-efficient modes of transport. For policy-makers, which have a clear aim towards a modal shift of goods flows to rail and sea, the increased understanding of the importance of inter-organizational aspects impact on modal shift is valuable when directing new policies.
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| 50. |
- Sallnäs, Uni, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Trusting the power : Facilitating a modal shift in relationships between shippers and logistics service providers
- 2022
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Ingår i: Research in Transportation Business and Management (RTBM). - : Elsevier Ltd. - 2210-5395 .- 2210-5409.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Shifting freight transport from roads to more energy-efficient modes of sea and rail, i.e., a modal shift, is essential to reducing emissions from transport. Two actors influencing the rate of transition to such modes are logistics service providers (LSPs) and shippers. In their relationships, power and trust are vital interorganisational factors that need to be managed. The purpose of this paper is to examine how the existence and use of power and trust and their interplay can facilitate a modal shift in the ongoing relationships between shippers and LSPs. The research is based on an in-depth qualitative case-study of two cases, each consisting of the relationship between a retailer and an LSP. Empirical data was collected through semi-structured interviews, and the analysis was guided by three dimensions of power (resources, processes and meaning) and three types of trust (contractual, competence and goodwill). The results show that power and trust do, indeed, exist and influence modal shift solutions in shipper–LSP relationships. Alignment between shippers and LSPs is found to be vital in terms of the perceptions and values needed to strengthen the power of meaning, and in terms of the processes and participation needed to strengthen the power of processes. Trust is a facilitating factor in both instances, and it also works as a mediating factor in any asymmetry between the power of shippers' resources and LSPs. © 2022 The Authors
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