| 1. |
- Tesi, Bianca, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic yield and clinical impact of germline sequencing in children with CNS and extracranial solid tumors : a nationwide, prospective Swedish study
- 2024
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Ingår i: The Lancet Regional Health. - : Elsevier. - 2666-7762. ; 39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundChildhood cancer predisposition (ChiCaP) syndromes are increasingly recognized as contributing factors to childhood cancer development. Yet, due to variable availability of germline testing, many children with ChiCaP might go undetected today. We report results from the nationwide and prospective ChiCaP study that investigated diagnostic yield and clinical impact of integrating germline whole-genome sequencing (gWGS) with tumor sequencing and systematic phenotyping in children with solid tumors.MethodsgWGS was performed in 309 children at diagnosis of CNS (n = 123, 40%) or extracranial (n = 186, 60%) solid tumors and analyzed for disease-causing variants in 189 known cancer predisposing genes. Tumor sequencing data were available for 74% (227/309) of patients. In addition, a standardized clinical assessment for underlying predisposition was performed in 95% (293/309) of patients.FindingsThe prevalence of ChiCaP diagnoses was 11% (35/309), of which 69% (24/35) were unknown at inclusion (diagnostic yield 8%, 24/298). A second-hit and/or relevant mutational signature was observed in 19/21 (90%) tumors with informative data. ChiCaP diagnoses were more prevalent among patients with retinoblastomas (50%, 6/12) and high-grade astrocytomas (37%, 6/16), and in those with non-cancer related features (23%, 20/88), and ≥2 positive ChiCaP criteria (28%, 22/79). ChiCaP diagnoses were autosomal dominant in 80% (28/35) of patients, yet confirmed de novo in 64% (18/28). The 35 ChiCaP findings resulted in tailored surveillance (86%, 30/35) and treatment recommendations (31%, 11/35).InterpretationOverall, our results demonstrate that systematic phenotyping, combined with genomics-based diagnostics of ChiCaP in children with solid tumors is feasible in large-scale clinical practice and critically guides personalized care in a sizable proportion of patients.
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| 2. |
- Pramling Samuelsson, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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27 forskare i upprop mot skärmfri förskola
- 2024
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Ingår i: Förskolan. - Stockholm : Sveriges Lärare.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- VI LÄRARE DEBATT: Regeringens uppdrag till Skolverket – att göra utbildningen i förskolan skärmfri – riskerar att ge negativa och allvarliga konsekvenser, särskilt för barn som är i störst behov av att möta en digitaliserad värld med stöd av utbildade förskollärare och barnskötare. Det skriver 27 barn- och förskoleforskare i ett gemensamt upprop.
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| 3. |
- Wadensten, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic Yield From a Nationwide Implementation of Precision Medicine for all Children With Cancer.
- 2023
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Ingår i: JCO Precision Oncology (JCO PO). - : American Society of Clinical Oncology. - 2473-4284. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several studies have indicated that broad genomic characterization of childhood cancer provides diagnostically and/or therapeutically relevant information in selected high-risk cases. However, the extent to which such characterization offers clinically actionable data in a prospective broadly inclusive setting remains largely unexplored.We implemented prospective whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of tumor and germline, complemented by whole-transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) for all children diagnosed with a primary or relapsed solid malignancy in Sweden. Multidisciplinary molecular tumor boards were set up to integrate genomic data in the clinical decision process along with a medicolegal framework enabling secondary use of sequencing data for research purposes.During the study's first 14 months, 118 solid tumors from 117 patients were subjected to WGS, with complementary RNA-Seq for fusion gene detection in 52 tumors. There was no significant geographic bias in patient enrollment, and the included tumor types reflected the annual national incidence of pediatric solid tumor types. Of the 112 tumors with somatic mutations, 106 (95%) exhibited alterations with a clear clinical correlation. In 46 of 118 tumors (39%), sequencing only corroborated histopathological diagnoses, while in 59 cases (50%), it contributed to additional subclassification or detection of prognostic markers. Potential treatment targets were found in 31 patients (26%), most commonly ALK mutations/fusions (n = 4), RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway mutations (n = 14), FGFR1 mutations/fusions (n = 5), IDH1 mutations (n = 2), and NTRK2 gene fusions (n = 2). In one patient, the tumor diagnosis was revised based on sequencing. Clinically relevant germline variants were detected in 8 of 94 patients (8.5%).Up-front, large-scale genomic characterization of pediatric solid malignancies provides diagnostically valuable data in the majority of patients also in a largely unselected cohort.
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| 4. |
- Blombäck, Anna, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the influence of social embeddedness and micro accountability on regional corporate responsibility
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Literature on corporate social responsibility (CSR) is yet vague concerning who is being held responsible; for what, by whom. Corporations are commonly treated as the focal actors of interest. We explore the notion of micro accountability to shed light on how an individual’s multiple roles and memberships (e.g. as private person; business owner and/or manager, community inhabitant, or business network member) translate to regional corporate responsibility. Stakeholder theory and interpretive accounting literature constitute the basis of our discussion. Illustrations derived from fieldwork on Swedish SMEs support our conclusions. We conclude that the accountability of owner-managers to a range of local stakeholders influences the company’s CSR activities. The paper adds to current research by emphasizing and exemplifying the importance of people and their social embeddedness for CSR activities and outcomes.
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| 5. |
- Bylund, Johan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Immunostimulatory DNA induces degranulation and NADPH-oxidase activation in human neutrophils while concomitantly inhibiting chemotaxis and phagocytosis
- 2002
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Ingår i: Eur J Immunol. ; 32:10, s. 2847-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined the effects of oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) with different structures and sequences on human neutrophil function. In lymphocytes and monocytes, the CpG-mediated immunostimulation is dependent on motif content, flanking sequences and DNA backbone composition. In neutrophils, however, native phosphodiester ODN were without effect regardless of CpG content, while backbone-substituted phosphorothioate ODN (PS-ODN) modulated neutrophil function in a sequence-independent manner. The neutrophil respiratory burst and degranulation of the specific and gelatinase granules were markedly increased by PS-ODN, as was the shedding of L-selectin. In contrast, neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis were inhibited by PS-ODN. In summary, PS-ODN have both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on neutrophil function. This impact of PS-ODN on neutrophil function is unique and distinct from that exerted on other immune cells, with respect to both the identity of the activating DNA molecules and the regulation of the effector functions. These findings may have implications for the development of DNA-based immunotherapy and vaccination.
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| 6. |
- Bylund, Johan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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NADPH-oxidase activation in murine neutrophils via formyl peptide receptors
- 2003
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Ingår i: Exp Cell Res. ; 282:2, s. 70-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neutrophils play a key role at inflammatory sites where, in addition to destroying infecting microorganisms, they may also have deleterious effects on host tissues. Both activities involve activation of the NADPH-oxidase that produces bactericidal and tissue-destructive reactive oxygen species (ROS). We activated the murine NADPH-oxidase using different types of neutrophil activators and characterized the oxidative responses with respect to magnitude, localization, and kinetics. We show that agonist-induced activation of murine neutrophils results exclusively in extracellular release of ROS and no intracellular production could be detected. We also show that the formylated peptide, formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLF), is a much less potent activator of the murine NADPH-oxidase than of the human analogue. Nevertheless, fMLF responses can be primed by pretreating the murine neutrophils with either cytochalasin B or bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Finally, we show that a synthetic hexapeptide, WKYMVM, is a more potent stimulus than fMLF for murine neutrophils and that these two agonists probably act via nonidentical high-affinity receptors.
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| 7. |
- Samuelsson, Anna, 1975-
(författare)
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Cars, motoring and sustainable movement(s)
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modern society can be said to be a "car society" since it has been designed to fit the needs of the private car. This paper discusses the relation between cars, mobility, planning and sustainability in cultural perspectives. It discuss the historical roots and contemporary landscape of car culture and the sociocultural factors that reproduce it, such as planning and infrastructure (urban-rural-traffic); the car as sign of status, adulthood, flexibility, masculinity, and the car as "space of one’s own" in embodied habits. In recent years, cars and mobility have been subject to several studies and interdisciplinary research projects. Many of these highlight the ambivalent position of the car: on the one hand as symbol of individual freedom, mobility and speed, but on the other as the source of problems as fatal accidents, pollution, smog, noise, congestion, road rage, barrier creation, unjust land use, erosion of natural cultural heritage, reduced bodily exercise/movement, hazardous particles and not at least climate change. An important point is the gap between science and policy: for decades research has problematised increased motoring, and with the goals to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, most research and government agencies says that driving need to reduce. In spite of this motorized mobility is reinforced on local, national and global level. However we can initiatives around the world that that challenge "car-normativity", which will be discussed. What kinds of mobility and movements are sustainable for humans, other beings and the world?
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| 8. |
- Samuelsson, Anna, 1975-
(författare)
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I naturens teater : Kultur- och miljösociologiska analyser av naturhistoriska utställningar och filmer
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis is a study of constructions of reality in visual and textual representations in current exhibitions in the Swedish Museum of Natural History in Stockholm with comparisons to the Natural History Museum in Gothenburg and minor excursions to other museums. The study also includes seven giant screen films in Cosmonova: an IMAX theatre which is part of the Swedish Museum of Natural History.The study consists of three parts: I. Historical and theoretical contextualisation: The emergence of museums is understood as an aspect of modernity and nature, and analytical concepts from semiotics, deconstruction and discourse analysis are presented and discussed. This part also includes a discussion of anthropomorphism and andropocentric stereotyping and a study of the emergence of the environmental question in society, science, museums and in the disciplines of sociology and cultural studies. II. Empirical analysis: Starting with questions what stories modern exhibitions in museums of natural history tell and how animals, bodies, humans and the environment are represented in the exhibitions and films I discuss different aspects of the dualism of nature and culture in relation to other dualisms such as animal/human, nature/society and ecology/economy. The dualism nature/culture that is expressed in exclusions of conventional signs for human culture is problematic from an environmental perspective. I pose the question of whether or not the marginalized phenomenon of the cabinet of curiosity that combine both “naturalia” and “artificialia” and displays phenomena classified as abnormal, can provide a key to narratives about co-evolution, environmental issues and variations in morphology and behaviour. III. Discussion: The potential for transcending the dualism of nature and culture, both theoretically-and practically-speaking, and particularly in relation to the environmental question, is discussed, as is the possibility that museums can be(come) reflexive sub-political arenas for dialogues between politics, science and people.
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| 9. |
- Samuelsson, Anna, 1975-
(författare)
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Kritiska kultur- och naturarvsstudier : Rapport från Association of Critical Heritage Studies Inaugural Conference: Re/theorizing Heritage, Göteborg, Sverige, 5-8 Juni 2012
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nordisk Museologi. - Aarhus. - 1103-8152. ; :2, s. 121-127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The inaugural conference of The Association of Critical Heritage Studies, on the theme of re-theorising heritage studies, took place in Gothenburg, Sweden in June 2012. It aimed to start interdisciplinary conversations that will serve to develop relevant theory across national borders and move away from the conventional understanding of heritage as objectively given places, objects and traditions. Instead heritage is to be regarded as something created in the interaction between different interests and power relations. This perspective was relatively consistent throughout the conference, where a wide range of topics were presented in more than 400 different papers. Concepts such as representation, “the other” and post-colonialism reflected the development of theory in this field over recent years, while considerations of relational ontology, body, affect and connection-seeking theorising were a signal of the development to come.
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| 10. |
- Samuelsson, Anna, 1975-
(författare)
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(Re)moving Bodies in Museums
- 2013
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Ingår i: I rörelse / On the Move. - 9789175195636 ; , s. 60-61
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper revolves around cases of movements and re-movements of animal and human bodies in museums, mirroring ideological movements and changes, movements of the (physical but non-living) bodies in time and space as well as representations of time and space, also in meta-exhibitions about historical exhibitions. The focus lies on the non-living bodies in natural history museums, i.e. stuffed animals, skeletons, anatomical preparations and models but this does not exclude the living, breathing, moving, feeling and thinking bodies that gaze at the dead. The paper is part of the project Zoo/mbies and Nature Morte: Bodies in Museums of Natural History 1800–2007, in which museums in Stockholm, Copenhagen, Gothenburg, Uppsala and London are explored. It also relates to the question of how heritage is constructed and transformed, and how the nature/culture-dualism still forms these constructions.
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| 11. |
- Samuelsson, Anna, 1975-
(författare)
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The Natureculture of Critical Heritage Studies : Dualisms, deconstruction, cases, potentials
- 2012
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The problematization of taken-for granted categories lies at the core of critical heritage studies. To see heritage as something socially composed rather then something given, objective, marks critical heritage studies from common policy-oriented understandings and uses of the term. The constructivist perspective means to see categories and classifications as historically and culturally changing and products of power relations. Museums are striking examples of culture-specific classification of the world. While creating discipline-specific taxonomies, they also reflect and shape society's prevailing norms, values and beliefs. However, natural history museums have been relatively neglected in heritage- and museum studies. This paper circulates around four points: The importance of analyzing contemporary exhibitions including natural history, theoretical/analytical tools, cases and the museum as arena. Through examples from analysis of exhibitions in natural history museums, I discuss how dualisms like nature/culture, animal/human are constructed and negotiated. For example, nature often is constructed as “wild, pristine nature” without conventional signs for human culture. This means that domesticated species most often are absent. In anthropologist Mary Douglas terms, they become an anomaly between the “purified” categories of nature and culture, even though they are the most common species, species that could become key figures in stories on co-evolution. Through these cases, I also give examples of important analytical questions to ask in general heritage studies. Further, I discuss the potentials for museums to become sub-political physical arenas for discussions and interaction between science, public and politics. Social scientists have for long time asked for such arenas, but have not been thinking of museums. Curators, on the other hand, have not so often been thinking in terms of social science.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Samuelsson, Anna, 1975
(författare)
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Zoo/mbie Spaces: Museums as Humanimal Places
- 2017
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Ingår i: J. Bull, T. Holmberg, C. Åsberg (Eds.) Animal Places: Lively Cartographies of Human-Animal Relations. - : Routledge. - 9781472483249
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Samuelsson, Kersti, et al.
(författare)
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Fitness to drive after acquired brain injury: Results from patient cognitive screening and on-road assessment compared to age-adjusted norm values
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 63:1, s. 55-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fitness to drive after acquired brain injury or disease is a common question in rehabilitation settings. The aim of the study was to compare age-matched norms with patient cognitive test results used to predict fitness to drive. A second aim was to analyze the contribution from an on-road assessment to a final decision on resumption of driving after an acquired brain injury. Retrospective cognitive test results from four traffic medicine units (n=333) were compared with results from a healthy norm population (n=410) in Sweden. Patients were dichotomized according to the final decision as fit or unfit to drive made by the traffic medicine team. The norm group had significantly better results in all age groups for all cognitive tests compared with the patients considered unfit to drive and fit to drive. A binary regression analysis for the patient group showed an explained value for fit to drive/unfit to drive of 88%, including results for the Nordic Stroke Driver Screening Assessment total score, Useful Field of View total score and the final outcome from an on-road assessment. Results from the present study illustrate the importance of using several tests, methods and contexts for the final decision regarding fitness to drive.
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| 16. |
- Stockfelt, Leo, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Effects on airways of short-term exposure to two kinds of wood smoke in a chamber study of healthy humans.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Inhalation toxicology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1091-7691 .- 0895-8378. ; 24:1, s. 47-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Air pollution causes respiratory symptoms and pulmonary disease. Airway inflammation may be involved in the mechanism also for cardiovascular disease. Wood smoke is a significant contributor to air pollution, with complex and varying composition. We examined airway effects of two kinds of wood smoke in a chamber study. Materials and Methods: Thirteen subjects were exposed to filtered air and to wood smoke from the start-up phase and the burn-out phase of the wood-burning cycle. Levels of PM(2.5) were 295 µg/m(3) and 146 µg/m(3), number concentrations 140 000/cm(3) and 100 000/cm(3). Biomarkers in blood, breath and urine were measured before and on several occasions after exposure. Effects of wood smoke exposure were assessed adjusting for results with filtered air. Results: After exposure to wood smoke from the start-up, but not the burn-out session, Clara cell protein 16 (CC16) increased in serum after 4 hours, and in urine the next morning. CC16 showed a clear diurnal variation. Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) increased after wood smoke exposure from the burn-out phase, but partly due to a decrease after exposure to filtered air. No other airway markers increased. Conclusions: The results indicate that relatively low levels of wood smoke exposure induce effects on airways. Effects on airway epithelial permeability was shown for the start-up phase of wood burning, while FENO increased after the burn-out session. CC16 seems to be a sensitive marker of effects of air pollution both in serum and urine, but its function and the significance need to be clarified.
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