| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Kolsrud, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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Measured and not estimated glomerular filtration rate should be used to assess renal function in heart transplant recipients.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2385. ; 31:7, s. 1182-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In organ transplanted patients, impaired renal function is of major prognostic importance and influences therapeutic decisions. Therefore, monitoring of renal function with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is of importance, both before and after heart transplantation (HTx). The GFR can be measured directly (mGFR) or estimated (eGFR) with equations based on circulating creatinine or cystatin C levels. However, these equations have not been thoroughly validated in the HTx population.
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| 3. |
- Kolsrud, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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Renal function and outcome after heart transplantation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-5223. ; 155:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate whether measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) is a risk factor for death and/or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) after heart transplantation (HTx). Methods: All adult patients (n = 416) who underwent HTx between 1988 and 2010 were included. mGFR was performed both preoperatively and postoperatively as annual follow-up. Eight patients received a concomitant kidney transplant (KTx), and 15 underwent late KTx due to chronic renal failure after HTx. Results: The mean drop in mGFR compared with the preoperative value was 12% during the first year after HTx. Preoperative mGFR was not predictive of mortality or ESRD. Older or the use of a ventricular assist device (VAD) were preoperative predictors of death. Long-term survival was significantly worse in the patients who experienced a >25% decrease in mGFR during the first year after transplantation. The need for acute postoperative renal replacement therapy (RRT) was associated with impaired survival but did not predict ESRD among survivors. On multivariable analyses, previous heart surgery, preoperative VAD, and a lower mGFR were all predictors of RRT. In the most recent period, death without previous ESRD was lower, and the only preoperative factors associated with ESRD by multivariable analyses were mechanical ventilation and diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: Pretransplantation mGFR was not predictive of mortality or ESRD after HTx, but necessitated simultaneous or late-stage KTx in this selected population of patients. However, patients with a decrease in >25% mGFR during the first year post-transplantation, as well as early postoperative dialysis-dependent acute renal dysfunction, had a poor prognosis. We suggest that patients with severely impaired kidney function, irrespective of pretransplantation renal function, still should be considered for HTx, but also encourage careful interpretation of our results given the selection bias involved in this population.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Malmberg, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Patient-tailored analysis of minimal residual disease in acute myeloid leukemia using next-generation sequencing
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0902-4441 .- 1600-0609. ; 98:1, s. 26-37
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Next-generation sequencing techniques have revealed that leukemic cells in acute myeloid leukemia often are characterized by a limited number of somatic mutations. These mutations can be the basis for the detection of leukemic cells in follow-up samples. The aim of this study was to identify leukemia-specific mutations in cells from patients with acute myeloid leukemia and to use these mutations as markers for minimal residual disease. Leukemic cells and normal lymphocytes were simultaneously isolated at diagnosis from 17 patients with acute myeloid leukemia using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Exome sequencing of these cells identified 240 leukemia-specific single nucleotide variations and 22 small insertions and deletions. Based on estimated allele frequencies and their accuracies, 191 of these mutations qualified as candidates for minimal residual disease analysis. Targeted deep sequencing with a significance threshold of 0.027% for single nucleotide variations and 0.006% for NPM1 type A mutation was developed for quantification of minimal residual disease. When tested on follow-up samples from a patient with acute myeloid leukemia, targeted deep sequencing of single nucleotide variations as well as NPM1 was more sensitive than minimal residual disease quantification with multiparameter flow cytometry. In conclusion, we here describe how exome sequencing can be used for identification of leukemia-specific mutations in samples already at diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia. We also show that targeted deep sequencing of such mutations, including single nucleotide variations, can be used for high-sensitivity quantification of minimal residual disease in a patient-tailored manner.
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| 7. |
- Samuelsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Implications for burn shock resuscitation of a new in vivo human vascular microdosing technique (microdialysis) for dermal administration of noradrenaline
- 2012
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Ingår i: Burns. - : Elsevier. - 0305-4179 .- 1879-1409. ; 38:7, s. 975-983
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Skin has a large dynamic capacity for alterations in blood flow, and is therefore often used for recruitment of blood during states of hypoperfusion such as during burn shock resuscitation. However, little is known about the blood flow and metabolic consequences seen in the dermis secondary to the use vasoactive drugs (i.e. noradrenaline) for circulatory support. The aims of this study were therefore: to develop an in vivo, human microdosing model based on dermal microdialysis; and in this model to investigate effects on blood flow and metabolism by local application of noradrenaline and nitroglycerin by the microdialysis system simulating drug induced circulatory support. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethod: Nine healthy volunteers had microdialysis catheters placed intradermally in the volar surface of the lower arm. The catheters were perfused with noradrenaline 3 or 30 mmol/L and after an equilibrium period all catheters were perfused with nitroglycerine (2.2 mmol/L). Dermal blood flow was measured by the urea clearance technique and by laser Doppler imaging. Simultaneously changes in dermal glucose, lactate, and pyruvate concentrations were recorded. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults: Noradrenaline and nitroglycerine delivered to the dermis by the microdialysis probes induced large time- and dose-dependent changes in all variables. We particularly noted that tissue glucose concentrations responded rapidly to hypoperfusion but remained higher than zero. Furthermore, vasoconstriction remained after the noradrenaline administration implicating vasospasm and an attenuated dermal autoregulatory capacity. The changes in glucose and lactate by vasoconstriction (noradrenaline) remained until vasodilatation was actively induced by nitroglycerine. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusion: These findings, i.e., compromised dermal blood flow and metabolism are particularly interesting from the burn shock resuscitation perspective where noradrenaline is commonly used for circulatory support. The importance and clinical value of the results obtained in this in vivo dermal model in healthy volunteers needs to be further explored in burn-injured patients.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Ahlstrand, Erik, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Highly Reduced Survival in Essential Thrombocythemia and Polycythemia Vera Patients with Vascular Complications during Follow-up
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Haematology. - : Munksgaard Forlag. - 0902-4441 .- 1600-0609. ; 104:3, s. 271-278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To explore the relative importance of risk factors, treatments and blood counts for the occurrence of vascular complications and their impact on life expectancy in Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) and Polycythemia Vera (PV).METHODS: Nested case-control study within the Swedish MPN registry. From a cohort of 922 ET patients and 763 PV patients, 71 ET and 81 PV cases with vascular complications were compared to matched controls.RESULTS: Incidence of vascular complications were 2.0 and 3.4 events per 100 patient-years in ET and PV, respectively. At diagnosis, no significant risk factor differences were observed between cases and controls in neither of the diseases. At the time of vascular event, ET complication cases did not differ significantly from controls but in PV, cases had significantly higher WBCs and were to a lesser extent treated with antithrombotic and cytoreductive therapy. Life expectancy was significantly decreased in both ET and PV cases compared to controls.CONCLUSIONS: The risk of vascular complications is high in both ET and PV and these complications have a considerable impact on life expectancy. The protective effect of antithrombotic and cytoreductive therapy for vascular complications in PV underscores the importance of avoiding undertreatment.
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| 10. |
- Ahlund, Mikael, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Prerafaeliterna
- 2009
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 11. |
- Alvestad, Torgeir, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges and dilemmas expressed by teachers working in toddler groups in the Nordic countries
- 2014
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Ingår i: Early Child Development and Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0300-4430 .- 1476-8275. ; 184:5, s. 671-688
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article is based on a collaborativestudy in Iceland, Sweden and Norway of the youngest children in institutional settings, such as preschools. At the present time, preschool curricula and frameworks are changing to include increased learning. However, preschool teacher education lacks sufficient focus on this age group. New preschool organisations depend both on the increased number of very young children in the system and on new versions of pedagogical approaches. This study is based on the voices of preschool staff who work with very young children. The results showed the dilemmas and challenges that these teachers experience in their everyday work.
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| 12. |
- Andersen, Christen L., et al.
(författare)
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A phase II study of vorinostat (MK-0683) in patients with polycythaemia vera and essential thrombocythaemia
- 2013
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Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1048 .- 1365-2141. ; 162:4, s. 498-508
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inhibition of histone deacetylases may be an important target in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. This investigator-initiated, non-randomized, open-label phase II multi-centre study included 63 patients (19 essential thrombocythaemia, 44 polycythaemia vera) from 15 centres. The primary objective was to evaluate if vorinostat was followed by a decline in clonal myeloproliferation as defined by European Leukaemia Net. Thirty patients (48%) completed the intervention period (24 weeks of therapy). An intention-to-treat response rate of 35% was identified. Pruritus was resolved [19% to 0% (P=0.06)] and the prevalence of splenomegaly was lowered from 50% to 27% (P=0.03). Sixty-five per cent of the patients experienced a decrease in JAK2 V617F allele burden (P=0.006). Thirty-three patients (52% of patients) discontinued study drug before end of intervention due to adverse events (28 patients) or lack of response (5 patients). In conclusion, vorinostat showed effectiveness by normalizing elevated leucocyte and platelet counts, resolving pruritus and significantly reducing splenomegaly. However, vorinostat was associated with significant side effects resulting in a high discontinuation rate. A lower dose of vorinostat in combination with conventional and/or novel targeted therapies may be warranted in future studies.
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| 13. |
- Andersen, Christen Lykkegaard, et al.
(författare)
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Circulating YKL-40 in patients with essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera treated with the novel histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat
- 2014
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Ingår i: Leukemia Research. - : Elsevier. - 0145-2126 .- 1873-5835. ; 38:7, s. 816-821
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- YKL-40 regulates vascular endothelial growth factors and induces tumor proliferation. We investigated YKL-40 before and after treatment with vorinostat in 31 polycythemia vera (PV) and 16 essential thrombocythemia (ET) patients. Baseline PV patient levels were 2 times higher than in healthy controls (P<0.0001) and 1.7 times higher than in ET (P = 0.02). A significant correlation between YKL-40 at baseline and neutrophils, CRP, LDH, JAK2V617F and platelets in PV patients was observed, as well as a significantly greater reduction of YKL-40 levels in PV patients responding to therapy. YKL-40 might be a novel marker of disease burden and progression in myeloproliferative neoplasms.
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| 14. |
- Anderson, Karen, et al.
(författare)
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Mature Public e-Services Without Mature Recordkeeping – An Impossibility?
- 2010
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Ingår i: iRMA Information and Records Management Annual. - 1836-3202. ; , s. 71-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish Government has established the eGovernment Delegation agency to identify and support excellence in e-government implementation strategies. This agency has commenced working with the National Archives, to ensure that archival requirements are addressed when developing new e-services. However, the prevailing view of archives is a traditional curatorial approach, which focuses on capturing the end product once actions have been completed. In the digital environment, the prevailing archival practice frameworks are not adequate to the task of capturing the full digital context and process that is essential for a complete record. Previously, when paper records were aggregated on a physical file, the full record of processes was more likely to be captured and managed for the long term.Results from two empirical case studies will be used to present and illustrate the risks and problems generated by an approach where the records are not identified and captured until late in the business process. In this paper the term post hoc approach to records capture is used to describe the method whereby an attempt is made to capture records, including the necessary metadata, after they are created, without prior planning or system design. One of the Swedish eGovernment Delegation’s aims is to motivate public agencies to reach level four on Layne and Lee’s e-government maturity model, that is, full integration of interaction between agencies and citizens. However, the model does not incorporate any recordkeeping requirements in its maturity benchmarks. It is clear these kinds of e-services are so complex that late intervention by archivists will not be adequate for needed recordkeeping support and long-term preservation. So it is essential that guidance on archival preservation of integrated e-services is made available as soon as possible, particularly as current trends in government indicate that e-services will be outsourced to private providers.Strategies are proposed for including recordkeeping re- quirements in e-service models. Advantageously, this can be done using existing benchmarking tools such as GARP, ISO 15489, ISO 30301 and the ICA Principles and Functional Requirements for Records In Electronic Office Environments.
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| 15. |
- Andersson, Gunnel, 1958-
(författare)
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Urinary incontinence : prevalence, treatment seeking behaviour, experiences, and perceptions among persons with and without urinary leakage
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim of this thesis is to describe urinary incontinence (UI) from a population perspective and to describe experiences and perceptions of UI from an individual perspective. This includes assessing the prevalence of urinary incontinence as well as describing treatment seeking and experiences of living with UI. A secondary aim was to describe the perception of UI among cultures other than the Swedish mainstream, exemplified in this case by Syrian women living in Sweden. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used, including questionnaires and interviews. Studies I and II were quantitative studies based on a population-based study. Together with a postal survey on general health and living conditions “Life & Health”, a questionnaire on urinary incontinence was sent out to 15 360 randomly-selected residents aged 18-79 in Orebro County, Sweden. In Study I, UI was found to affect 19%. The majority of the respondents experienced minor problems, and only 18% of those reporting UI wanted treatment. However, there was also a group who reported severe problems, but despite this 42% of them did not want treatment. Study II investigated why people with UI refrain from seeking care and treatment. It was found that the desire for treatment was regulated by the frequency of UI, being restricted from participating in various activities, the degree of inconvenience, and the type of UI. Studies III and IV were both qualitative interview studies, describing older women’s experiences of living with UI (Study III) and Syrian women’s perceptions of UI (Study IV). There were similarities between the results of these two studies; the women described UI as a normal and expected problem, and they knew that the district nurse could prescribe incontinence protections and that treatments existed. In both studies, the women expressed difficulties in making contact with the health care service, while the women who did not speak Swedish (Study IV) also had difficulties due to different communication problems. In conclusion, it is important that health care resources are optimized to identify and meet the needs of those who experience major problems with UI, and that there is awareness of the communication difficulties that can be present in meeting with people who speak other languages. However it is also important not to medicalize those who experience minor problems and who have the desire to manage on their own.
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| 16. |
- Andersson, Lotta, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of climate change impact on water resources in the Pungwe river basin.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Tellus. Series A, Dynamic meteorology and oceanography. - : Stockholm University Press. - 0280-6495 .- 1600-0870. ; 63:1, s. 138-157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Rossby Centre Regional Climate Model (RCA3) and the hydrological model HBV were linked to assess climate change impacts on water resources in the Pungwe basin until 2050. RCA3 was capable of simulating the most important aspects of the climate for a control period at the regional scale. At the subbasin scale, additional scalingwas needed. Three climate change experiments using ECHAM4-A2, B2 and CCSM3-B2 as input to RCA3 were carried out. According to the simulations annual rainfall in 2050 would be reduced by approximately 10% with increasing interannual variability of rainfall and dry season river flow and later onset of the rainy season. The ECHAM4-A2 driven experiment did also indicate a slight increase of high flows. If the results indeed reflect the future, they will worsen the already critical situation for water resources, regarding both floods and droughts. Uncertainties, however in the downscaled scenarios make it difficult to prioritize adaptation options. This calls for inclusion of more climate change experiments, in an ensemble of climate scenarios possibly by using a combination of dynamical and statistical downscaling of general circulation models, as well as extending the simulations to 2100 to further ensure robustness of the signal.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Arnett, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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A cross-lagged model of the development of ADHD inattention symptoms and rapid naming speed
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. - : Springer. - 0091-0627 .- 1573-2835. ; 40:8, s. 1313-1326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although previous research has identified contemporaneous associations between cognitive deficits and symptom phenotypes in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, no studies have as yet attempted to identify direction of effect. The present study used cross-lagged path modeling to examine competing hypotheses about longitudinal associations between rapid naming speed and symptoms of inattention in children. 1,506 school-age twins from Australia and the U.S. were tested for inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and rapid naming speed at three and four time points, respectively. Symptom severity of inattention from Kindergarten to fourth grade is consistently predicted by previous rapid naming, over and above auto-regressive and correlational associations in the model. Likewise, inattention symptoms have a small but significant predictive effect on subsequent rapid naming. The findings support a reciprocal relationship between naming speed and ADHD inattentive symptoms.
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| 19. |
- Aronsson, Mora, et al.
(författare)
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Kulturväxtsläktingar : något att bry sig om
- 2012
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Ingår i: Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift. - : Svenska Botaniska Föreningen. - 0039-646X. ; 106, s. 309-318
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 20. |
- Asproth, Viveca, et al.
(författare)
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E-tjänstens framtida historia : Informationsbevarande, ett bortglömt ansvarsområde?
- 2010. - 1:1
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Ingår i: Förvaltning och medborgarskap i förändring. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144055626 ; , s. 167-184
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Innehåll: Inledning, Svensk offentlighetslagstriftning, Den komplexa och integrerade e-tjänsten - bakgrund och definition, Problemområden, Ansvarsfrågan, Informationens kvalitet över tid, Andvändaren / medborgaren, rekommendationer, Proaktivitet, Avslutning.
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| 21. |
- Balciuniene, Jorune, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence for digenic inheritance of nonsyndromic hereditary hearing loss in a Swedish family
- 1998
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Ingår i: American Journal of Human Genetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9297 .- 1537-6605. ; 63:3, s. 786-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated a Swedish family with nonsyndromic progressive bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Thirteen candidate loci for autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss were tested for linkage in this family. We found significant LOD scores (>3) for markers at candidate locus DFNA12 (11q22-q24) and suggestive LOD scores (>2) for markers at locus DFNA2 (1p32). Our results for markers on chromosome 11 narrowed down the candidate region for the DFNA12 locus. A detailed analysis of the phenotypes and haplotypes shared by the affected individuals supported the notion that two genes segregated together with hearing impairment in the family. Severely affected family members had haplotypes linked to the disease allele on both chromosomes 1 and 11, whereas individuals with milder hearing loss had haplotypes linked to the disease allele on either chromosome 1 or chromosome 11. These observations suggest an additive effect of two genes, each gene resulting in a mild and sometimes undiagnosed phenotype, but both together resulting in a more severe phenotype.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Birgegård, Gunnar, 1944-, et al.
(författare)
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Inflammatory functional iron deficiency common in myelofibrosis, contributes to anaemia and impairs quality of life. From the Nordic MPN study Group
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Journal of Haematology. - : Munksgaard Forlag. - 0902-4441 .- 1600-0609. ; 102:3, s. 235-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The study investigates the hypothesis that inflammation in myelofibrosis (MF) like in myeloma and lymphoma, may disturb iron distribution and contribute to anaemia.METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 80 MF and 23 ET patients was performed.RESULTS: About 35% of anaemic MF patients had functional iron deficiency (FID) with transferrin saturation <20 and normal or elevated S-ferritin (<500 µg/L). In ET, FID was rare. In MF patients with FID, 70.6% were anaemic, vs 29.4% in patients without FID (P = 0.03). Hepcidin was significantly higher in MF patients with anaemia, including transfusion-dependent patients, 50.6 vs 24.4 µg/L (P = 0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between Hb and inflammatory markers in all MF patients: IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α, (P < 0.01-0.03), LD (P = 0.004) and hepcidin (P = 0.03). These correlations were also seen in the subgroup of anaemic MF patients (Table ). Tsat correlated negatively with CRP (P < 0.001). Symptom burden was heavier in MF patients with FID, and MPN-SAF quality of life scores correlated with IL-6 and CRP.CONCLUSIONS: The inflammatory state of MF disturbs iron turnover, FID is common and contributes to anaemia development and impairment of QoL. Anaemic MF patients should be screened for FID.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Björk, Jan-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Regularizations of residue currents
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal fur die reine und angewandte Mathematik. ; 649, s. 33-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 27. |
- Borg, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Audiometric Characterization of a Family with Digenic Autosomal, Dominant, Progressive Sensorineural Hearing Loss
- 2000
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 120:1, s. 51-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, a non-syndromic progressive bilateral high frequency hearing loss is described in a family with 141 identified members. Recent genetic analyses indicated a digenic inheritance with linkage to the gene loci DFNA2 and DFNA12. The affected family members who shared haplotypes at both loci (type I) showed an early postlingual onset and a more rapid rate of progress compared with those with one either of the two disease associated haplotypes (type II). The audiometric pattern was cochlear without a vestibular involvement. Auditory brainstem response audiometry and magnetic resonance imaging indicated normal retrocochlear features. The otoacoustic emissions were affected for both type I and type II, whereas the acoustic stapedius reflex thresholds were normal in most cases. It is concluded that both types had an outer hair cell/micro-mechanical abnormality, but that the DFNA 2 type might have an additional dysfunction at the level of the inner hair cells. It is furthermore pointed out that the application of refined audiometric techniques as well as a further development of new techniques is needed in order to characterize the phenotypes of the rapidly expanding number of genetically defined inner ear abnormalities.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Borglund, Erik AM, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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How requirements of record managers change after implementing new electronic records management systems
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 3rd European Conference on Information Management and Evaluation. - UK : Academic Conferences Limited. - 9781906638443 - 9781906638436 ; , s. 59-66
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish strategies and legislation that govern the management of records and archives in organizations have their roots in an analogue and paper-based environment. Today, very few records are created on paper: the majority of records are born digital, but they may be transformed to analogue form to fit organizational business needs and workflow. In a records management system of the highest quality electronic records should be maintained in their digital format to preserve context, digital links and dynamic relationships among information held in databases and multimedia documents. These relationships are frequently lost in any attempt to transfer to analogue form, thus compromising best practice records management standards.To meet the new need for managing born-digital records, many organizations have implemented electronic record management systems, and the effect of those implementations has gained interest from researchers, but it is not solely a software system that is needed to give a capacity of electronic record management. The ISO 15489 Standard for Records Management argues that the organizational structure and work processes affect how well the organization is able to manage their electronic records.This paper is based upon a research in a Swedish municipality, which carried out a comprehensive change management process to increase their capacity to manage electronic records, both for supporting business needs and long-term preservation needs. There is very little archival literature that focuses on how the roles of both archivists and record managers change, for example as a consequence of implementing electronic document management systems, and the organization becomes a process-oriented organization. The purpose of this paper aims to increase knowledge of the way the records managers need to change their work in order to meet the requirements generated by increased capacity in electronic records management.The research is based upon a qualitative approach where questionnaires, individual interviews, and group interviews have been used as data collection techniques. The research is in progress and has not yet fully been analyzed. However, the preliminary results indicate that the records managers need to act more proactively to meet the new system’s requirements of them. The importance of the records managers’ role in the municipality has become clearer and their competence is acknowledged as being more important as a result of this change management process in the municipality. The records managers are important in the sense that they know what information and what records are created, received and needed in different parts of the municipality. Records managers’ “record keeping” responsibilities have been better defined after this change process and their role in relation to areas that were traditionally the responsibility of archivists has also been more clearly delineated.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Brundin, L., et al.
(författare)
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An enzyme in the kynurenine pathway that governs vulnerability to suicidal behavior by regulating excitotoxicity and neuroinflammation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Translational Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Emerging evidence suggests that inflammation has a key role in depression and suicidal behavior. The kynurenine pathway is involved in neuroinflammation and regulates glutamate neurotransmission. In the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of suicidal patients, levels of inflammatory cytokines and the kynurenine metabolite quinolinic acid (QUIN), an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor agonist, are increased. The enzyme amino-beta-carboxymuconate-semialdehyde-decarboxylase (ACMSD) limits QUIN formation by competitive production of the neuroprotective metabolite picolinic acid (PIC). Therefore, decreased ACMSD activity can lead to excess QUIN. We tested the hypothesis that deficient ACMSD activity underlies suicidal behavior. We measured PIC and QUIN in CSF and plasma samples from 137 patients exhibiting suicidal behavior and 71 healthy controls. We used DSM-IV and the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale and Suicide Assessment Scale to assess behavioral changes. Finally, we genotyped ACMSD tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 77 of the patients and 150 population-based controls. Suicide attempters had reduced PIC and a decreased PIC/QUIN ratio in both CSF (P<0.001) and blood (P=0.001 and P<0.01, respectively). The reductions of PIC in CSF were sustained over 2 years after the suicide attempt based on repeated measures. The minor C allele of the ACMSD SNP rs2121337 was more prevalent in suicide attempters and associated with increased CSF QUIN. Taken together, our data suggest that increased QUIN levels may result from reduced activity of ACMSD in suicidal subjects. We conclude that measures of kynurenine metabolites can be explored as biomarkers of suicide risk, and that ACMSD is a potential therapeutic target in suicidal behavior.
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| 32. |
- Byrne, Brian, et al.
(författare)
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A behaviour-genetic analysis of orthographic learning, spelling and decoding
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of research in reading (Print). - : Wiley. - 0141-0423 .- 1467-9817. ; 31:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As part of a longitudinal twin study of literacy and language, we conducted a behaviour-genetic analysis of orthographic learning, spelling and decoding in Grade 2 children (225 identical and 214 fraternal twin pairs) in the United States and Australia. Each variable showed significant genetic and unique environment influences. Multivariate analyses revealed very high genetic correlations among the variables, indicating that the same genes are involved in their aetiology. These genes are partly independent of those contributing to intelligence. A further analysis indicated that the covariation between decoding and orthographic learning is mediated by shared genes rather than by a direct causal path. The authors argue that a learning parameter, most directly assessed by orthographic learning in this study, underlies all three literacy variables. The results are also discussed in relation to Share's self-teaching hypothesis, which may require modification. © United Kingdom Literacy Association 2008.
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| 33. |
- Byrne, Brian, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic and environmental influences on aspects of literacy and language in early childhood : Continuity and change from preschool to Grade 2
- 2009
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF NEUROLINGUISTICS. - : Elsevier BV. - 0911-6044. ; 22:3, s. 219-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Early literacy and language skills of twin children in the USA, Australia, and Scandinavia were explored in a genetically sensitive design (maximum N = 615 pairs). For this article, we report aspects of preschool and Grade 2 data. In Grade 2, there were strong genetic influences on word reading, reading comprehension, and spelling. Vocabulary was about equally affected by genes and shared environment. Multivariate analyses indicated substantial genetic overlap among the Grade 2 literacy variables. Longitudinal analyses showed that genetic factors evident at the preschool stage continued to affect literacy and vocabulary three years later in Grade 2, but there was also evidence of new genetic factors coming into play over the time interval, at least for literacy. Suggestions are made about the search for underlying biological and cognitive processes, and educational implications are explored.
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| 34. |
- Byrne, Brian, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal twin study of early literacy development : Preschool and kindergarten phases
- 2005
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Ingår i: Scientific Studies of Reading. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1088-8438 .- 1532-799X. ; 9:3, s. 219-235
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We conducted behavior-genetic analyses of kindergarten reading, spelling, phonological awareness, rapid naming, and spoken sentence processing in 172 pairs of monozygotic and 153 pairs of same-sex dizygotic twin kindergarten children sampled in the United States and Australia. We also modeled progress from preschool to kindergarten in literacy-related variables, with larger numbers of twins contributing to the preschool phase. Reading, phonological awareness, and rapid naming at kindergarten showed substantial effects of genes and modest effects of shared environment, spelling was influenced by genes and environment equally, and sentence processing was affected primarily by shared environment. Longitudinal analyses indicated that the same genes affect phonological awareness in preschool and kinder garten but that a new genetic factor comes into play in rapid naming as letters and digits are introduced in kindergarten. At preschool, print knowledge and phonological awareness share one source of genetic influence, which in turn affects reading and spelling in kindergarten. Phonological awareness is subject to a second genetic factor, but only the one it shares with print also influences kindergarten reading and spelling. In contrast to the genetic effects, a single source of shared environment affects preschool print knowledge and phonological awareness and kindergarten reading. The results are discussed in the context of theoretical and practical issues in literacy development. Copyright © 2005, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
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| 35. |
- Byrne, Brian, et al.
(författare)
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Teacher Effects in Early Literacy Development: Evidence From a Study of Twins
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Educational Psychology. - : Apa American Psychological Association. - 0022-0663 .- 1939-2176. ; 102:1, s. 32-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is often assumed that differences in teacher characteristics area major source of variability in childrens educational achievements. We examine this assumption for early literacy achievement by calculating the correlations between pairs of twin children who either shared or did not share a teacher in kindergarten, Grade 1, and Grade 2. Teacher effects-or, more strictly, classroom effects-would show up as higher correlations for same-class than for different-class twin pairs. Same-class correlations were generally higher than different-class correlations.. though not significantly so on most occasions. On the basis of the results, we estimate that the maximum variance accounted for by being assigned to the same or different classrooms is 8%. This is an upper-bound figure for a teacher effect because factors other than teachers may contribute to variation attributable to classroom assignment. We discuss the limitations of the study and draw out some of its educational implications.
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| 36. |
- Christopher, Micaela, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic and environmental etiologies of the longitudinal relations between prereading skills and reading
- 2015
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Ingår i: Child Development. - : Wiley. - 0009-3920 .- 1467-8624. ; 86:2, s. 342-361
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study explored the environmental and genetic etiologies of the longitudinal relations between prereading skills and reading and spelling. Twin pairs (n = 489) were assessed before kindergarten (M = 4.9 years), post-first grade (M = 7.4 years), and post-fourth grade (M = 10.4 years). Genetic influences on five prereading skills (print knowledge, rapid naming, phonological awareness, vocabulary, and verbal memory) were primarily responsible for relations with word reading and spelling. However, relations with post-fourth-grade reading comprehension were due to both genetic and shared environmental influences. Genetic and shared environmental influences that were common among the prereading variables covaried with reading and spelling, as did genetic influences unique to verbal memory (only post-fourth-grade comprehension), print knowledge, and rapid naming.
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| 37. |
- Christopher, Micaela, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling the etiology of individual differences in early reading development : Evidence for strong genetic influences
- 2013
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Ingår i: Scientific Studies of Reading. - : Routledge. - 1088-8438 .- 1532-799X. ; 17:5, s. 350-368
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We explored the etiology of individual differences in reading development from post-kindergarten to post–4th grade by analyzing data from 487 twin pairs tested in Colorado. Data from three reading measures and one spelling measure were fit to biometric latent growth curve models, allowing us to extend previous behavioral genetic studies of the etiology of early reading development at specific time points. We found primarily genetic influences on individual differences at post–1st grade for all measures. Genetic influences on variance in growth rates were also found, with evidence of small, nonsignificant, shared environmental influences for two measures. We discuss our results, including their implications for educational policy.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Cronskär, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Patient-Specific Clavicle Reconstruction Using Digital Design and Additive Manufacturing
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of mechanical design (1990). - : ASME Press. - 1050-0472 .- 1528-9001. ; 137:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a trend toward operative treatment for certain types of clavicle fractures and these are usually treated with plate osteosynthesis. The subcutaneous location of the clavicle makes the plate fit important, but the clavicle has a complex shape, which varies greatly between individuals and hence standard plates often have a poor fit. Using computed tomography (CT) based design, the plate contour and screw positioning can be optimized to the actual case. A method for patient-specific plating using design based on CT-data, additive manufacturing (AM), and postprocessing was initially evaluated through three case studies, and the plate fit on the reduced fracture was tested during surgery (then replaced by commercial plates). In all three cases, the plates had an adequate fit on the reduced fracture. The time span from CT scan of the fracture to final implant was two days. An approach to achieve functional design and screw-hole positioning was initiated. These initial trials of patient-specific clavicle plating using AM indicate the potential for a smoother plate with optimized screw positioning. Further, the approach facilitates the surgeon's work and operating time can be saved.
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| 41. |
- Ebejer, Jane L., et al.
(författare)
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Genetic and Environmental Influences on Inattention, Hyperactivity-Impulsivity, and Reading: Kindergarten to Grade 2
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Scientific Studies of Reading. - : Taylor and Francis. - 1088-8438 .- 1532-799X. ; 14:4, s. 293-316
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twin children from Australia, Scandinavia, and the United States were assessed for inattention, hyperactivity-impulsivity, and reading across the first 3 school years. Univariate behavior-genetic analyses indicated substantial heritability for all three variables in all years. Longitudinal analyses showed one genetic source operating across the time span and a second entering in the second school year for each variable, though possibly not reliable for inattention. Other analyses confirmed previous findings of pleiotropy (shared genes) between inattention and reading and showed that this genetic overlap is in place from kindergarten onwards and is restricted to one of the genetic sources that affect reading and inattention. The results extend previous conclusions about the developmental trajectories of inattention, hyperactivity-impulsivity, and reading and their relationships. Limitations of this study are discussed, as are educational implications.
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| 42. |
- Enmark, Martin, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Investigation of plateau methods for adsorption isotherm determination in supercritical fluid chromatography
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Chromatography A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9673 .- 1873-3778. ; 1354, s. 129-138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Perturbation Peak (PP) method and Frontal analysis (FA) are considered as the most accurate methods for adsorption isotherms determination in liquid chromatography. In this study we investigate and explain why this is not the case in Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC), where the PP method does not work at all, using a modern analytical system. The main reason was found to be that the solute to be studied must be dissolved in the MeOH reservoir before it is mixed with CO2. Since the solute occupies a certain partial volume in the reservoir, the larger the solute content the larger this fractional volume will be, and the final MeOH fraction in the mobile phase will then be smaller compared to the bulk mobile phase without solute in the modifier. If the retention of small injections on the concentration plateaus, i.e., “analytical-size” perturbation peaks, is sensitive to small variations of MeOH in the eluent, this will seriously decrease the accuracy of the PP method. This effect was verified and compensated for and we also demonstrated that the same problem will occur in frontal analysis, another concentration plateau method.
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| 43. |
- Farnebo, Simon, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of blood flow changes in human skin by microdialysis urea clearance
- 2011
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Ingår i: Microcirculation. - : Wiley. - 1073-9688 .- 1549-8719. ; 18:3, s. 198-204
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the urea clearance technique for the measurement of drug-induced blood flow changes in human skin, and compare it with two non-invasive techniques: polarization light spectroscopy and laser Doppler perfusion imaging. Methods: Fifteen microdialysis catheters were placed intracutaneously on the volar aspect of the forearms of healthy human subjects, and were perfused with nitroglycerine, noradrenaline, and again nitroglycerine, to induce local tissue hyperaemia, hypoperfusion, and hyperaemia, respectively. Results: Urea clearance, but not the other techniques, detected the changes in blood flow during all three periods of altered flow. The last hyperaemic response was detected by all three methods. Conclusion: Urea clearance can be used as a relatively simple method to estimate blood flow changes during microdialysis of vasoactive substances, in particular when the tissue is preconditioned in order to enhance the contrast between baseline and the responses to the provocations. Our results support that, in the model described, urea clearance was superior to the optical methods as it detected both the increases and decrease in blood flow, and the returns to baseline between these periods.
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| 44. |
- Farnebo, Simon, et al.
(författare)
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Urea clearance: a new method to register local changes in blood flow in rat skeletal muscle based on microdialysis
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 30:1, s. 57-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pgreater thanIncreasing evidence suggests that local blood flow should be monitored during microdialysis (MD) as the recovery of analytes is affected by local blood flow. At present ethanol clearance is the standard technique for this purpose, but it is not functional at very low perfusion velocities. Here, we introduce a technique for MD whereby local tissue blood flow is recorded by the use of urea clearance (changes inflow/outflow concentration), in conjunction with measurements of tissue metabolism (glucose, lactate and puruvate). MD probes were inserted into the gracilis muscle of 15 rats and perfused with a medium containing urea (20 mmol l-1). Changes in muscle blood flow were made by addition of noradrenaline (5 mu g ml-1) to the perfusion medium at two perfusion velocities (0 center dot 6 and 0 center dot 4 mu l min-1). The clearance of urea from the perfusion medium was then calculated and examined in relation to the dose of noradrenaline and to the coexisting changes in extracellular metabolites. The results showed reproducible and dose-dependent changes in blood flow that were induced by noradrenaline. These were characterized by dose-dependent changes in the urea clearance as well as blood-flow-specific changes in the MD metabolic markers (reduction in glucose and increase in lactate). The sensitivity for blood flow changes as assessed by urea clearance (MD) was increased at 0 center dot 4 compared with the 0 center dot 6 mu l min-1 perfusion speed. The results indicate that inclusion of urea to the perfusion medium may be used to monitor changes in skeletal muscle blood flow at low perfusion velocities and in parallel assess metabolic variables with a high recovery (greater than 90%).
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| 45. |
- Farnebo, Simon, et al.
(författare)
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Urea Clearance: A New Technique Based on Microdialysis to Assess Liver Blood Flow Studied in a Pig Model of Ischemia/Reperfusion
- 2010
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Ingår i: EUROPEAN SURGICAL RESEARCH. - : S. Karger AG. - 0014-312X .- 1421-9921. ; 45:2, s. 105-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Delayed detection of ischemia is one of the most feared postoperative complications. Early detection of impaired blood flow and close monitoring of the organ-specific metabolic status may therefore be critical for the surgical outcome. Urea clearance is a new technique for continuous monitoring of alterations in blood flow and metabolic markers with acceptable temporal characteristics. We compare this new microdialysis technique with the established microdialysis ethanol technique to assess hepatic blood flow. Six pigs were used in a liver ischemia/reperfusion injury model. Microdialysis catheters were placed in liver segment IV and all circulation was stopped for 80 min, followed by reperfusion for 220 min. Urea and ethanol clearance was calculated from the dialysate and correlated with metabolic changes. A laser Doppler probe was used as reference of restoration of blood flow. Both urea and ethanol clearance reproducibly depicted changes in liver blood flow in relation to metabolic changes and laser Doppler measurements. The two techniques highly correlated both overall and during the reperfusion phase (r = 0.8) and the changes were paralleled by altered perfusion as recorded by laser Doppler.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Folkesson, Tchou, et al.
(författare)
-
A human vascular model based on microdialysis for the assessment of the vasoconstrictive dose-response effects of noradrenaline and vasopressin in skin : in JOURNAL OF VASCULAR RESEARCH, vol 48, pp 320-320
- 2011
-
Ingår i: JOURNAL OF VASCULAR RESEARCH. - : Karger. ; , s. 320-320
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microdialysis is a well-established technique for continuous sampling of small, water-soluble molecules within the extracellular fluid space in vivo. It also allows the use of microdoses of drugs, and the simultaneous evaluation of their related effects at the site of action. The present study was an experimental, randomized microdose trial to develop a human vascular model of dose response. We aimed to evaluate a microdialysis dosing method using urea clearance as a marker of druginduced changes in dermal blood flow and metabolism (glucose and lactate) in 12 healthy volunteers. We found that asymptomatic vasoconstriction can be detected by continuous microdialysis measurements of urea clearance in dermal tissue. More importantly, dose-effect relations using the Emax model could be constructed using the corresponding data on drug doses and both the urea clearance-based flow estimates and the changes in concentrations of tissue metabolites. This in vivo human experimental skin model offers an interesting tool with which both the dose-response effects on blood flow and concentrations of tissue metabolites of potent vasoactive substances can be evaluated.
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| 48. |
- Forss, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Chemometric evaluation of the combined effect of temperature, pressure, and co-solvent fractions on the chiral separation of basic pharmaceuticals using actual vs set operational conditions
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of Chromatography A. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9673 .- 1873-3778. ; 1499, s. 165-173
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The need to determine the actual operational conditions, instead of merely using the set operational conditions, was investigated for in packed supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) by design of experiments (DoE) using a most important type of compounds, pharmaceutical basics, as models. The actual values of temperature, pressure, and methanol levels were recorded and calculated from external sensors, while the responses in the DoE were the retention factors and selectivity. A Kromasil CelluCoat columh was used as the stationary phase, carbon dioxide containing varying methanol contents as the mobile phase, and the six racemates of alprenolol, atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol, clenbuterol, and mianserin were selected as model solutes. For the retention modeling, the most important term was the methanol fraction followed by the temperature and pressure. Significant differences (p<0.05) between most of the coefficients in the retention models were observed when comparing models from set and actual conditions. The selectivity was much less affected by operational changes, and therefore was not severely affected by difference between set and actual conditions. The temperature differences were usually small, maximum +/- 1.4 degrees C, whereas the pressure differences were larger, typically approximately +10.5 bar. The set and actual fractions of methanol also differed, usually by +/- 0.4 percentage points. A cautious conclusion is that the primary reason for the discrepancy between the models is a mismatch between the set and actual methanol fractions. This mismatch is more serious in retention models at low methanol fractions. The study demonstrates that the actual conditions should almost always be preferred. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Grill, Martin, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Individualized behavior-based safety-leadership training: A randomized controlled trial
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Safety Research. - 0022-4375. ; 87, s. 332-344
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Construction site managers play a critical role in occupational safety in the construction industry. This study aimed to develop and test a method for training construction site managers in positive feedback and active listening by incorporating the behavioral training components of behavior analysis, goal setting, practice with behavior feedback, homework, and maintenance planning into individualized behavior-based safety-leadership training (IBST), and to assess the effect of IBST on construction site managers’ safety-leadership behaviors and performance. Method: In a naturalistic randomized controlled trial, construction site managers were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=16) or a control group (n=19). The experimental-group managers received IBST, while the control-group managers received no training. Paired sample t-tests on pre- to post-training (i.e., six weeks after the final training session) were performed separately for the experimental- and control-group managers. Results: The safety-leadership behaviors of the experimental-group managers improved in terms of favorable feedback (d=0.99, p<.01), safety-specific feedback (d=0.89, p=.02), behavior-specific feedback (d=0.66, p=.02), antecedent listening (d=0.68, p=.02), and consequential listening (d=0.78, p=.01). In addition, safety-leadership performance improved in terms of transformational leadership (d=0.78, p=.01) and contingent-reward leadership (d=0.64, p=.02). No significant change was found for the control-group managers. Conclusions: The results indicate that behavior analysis, goal setting, practice with behavior feedback, homework, and maintenance planning are effective behavioral training components of safety-leadership training. Positive feedback and active listening were also found to be important behavioral requisites for transformational and contingent-reward leadership. Practical applications: IBST can be used to develop occupational safety in the construction industry by improving construction site managers’ safety-leadership behaviors and performance.
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