| 1. |
- Ludvigsson, Johnny, et al.
(författare)
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GAD65 antigen therapy in recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus
- 2012
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Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - : Massachusetts Medical Society. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 366:5, s. 433-442
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The 65-kD isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) is a major autoantigen in type 1 diabetes. We hypothesized that alum-formulated GAD65 (GAD-alum) can preserve beta-cell function in patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes.METHODS: We studied 334 patients, 10 to 20 years of age, with type 1 diabetes, fasting C-peptide levels of more than 0.3 ng per milliliter (0.1 nmol per liter), and detectable serum GAD65 autoantibodies. Within 3 months after diagnosis, patients were randomly assigned to receive one of three study treatments: four doses of GAD-alum, two doses of GAD-alum followed by two doses of placebo, or four doses of placebo. The primary outcome was the change in the stimulated serum C-peptide level (after a mixed-meal tolerance test) between the baseline visit and the 15-month visit. Secondary outcomes included the glycated hemoglobin level, mean daily insulin dose, rate of hypoglycemia, and fasting and maximum stimulated C-peptide levels.RESULTS: The stimulated C-peptide level declined to a similar degree in all study groups, and the primary outcome at 15 months did not differ significantly between the combined active-drug groups and the placebo group (P=0.10). The use of GAD-alum as compared with placebo did not affect the insulin dose, glycated hemoglobin level, or hypoglycemia rate. Adverse events were infrequent and mild in the three groups, with no significant differences.CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with GAD-alum did not significantly reduce the loss of stimulated C peptide or improve clinical outcomes over a 15-month period.
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| 2. |
- Godaly, Gabriela, et al.
(författare)
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Neutrophil recruitment, chemokine receptors, and resistance to mucosal infection
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Leukocyte Biology. - 1938-3673. ; 69:6, s. 899-906
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neutrophil migration to infected mucosal sites involves a series of complex interactions with molecules in the lamina propria and at the epithelial barrier. Much attention has focussed on the vascular compartment and endothelial cells, but less is known about the molecular determinants of neutrophil behavior in the periphery. We have studied urinary tract infections (UTIs) to determine the events that initiate neutrophil recruitment and interactions of the recruited neutrophils with the mucosal barrier. Bacteria activate a chemokine response in uroepithelial cells, and the chemokine repertoire depends on the bacterial virulence factors and on the specific signaling pathways that they activate. In addition, epithelial chemokine receptor expression is enhanced. Interleukin (IL)-8 and CXCR1 direct neutrophil migration across the epithelial barrier into the lumen. Indeed, mIL-8Rh knockout mice showed impaired transepithelial neutrophil migration, with tissue accumulation of neutrophils, and these mice developed renal scarring. They had a defective antibacterial defense and developed acute pyelonephritis with bacteremia. Low CXCR1 expression was also detected in children with acute pyelonephritis. These results demonstrate that chemokines and chemokine receptors are essential to orchestrate a functional antimicrobial defense of the urinary tract mucosa. Mutational inactivation of the IL-8R caused both acute disease and chronic tissue damage.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Samuelsson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Coherent current transport in wide ballistic Josephson junctions
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 70:21, s. 1-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an experimental and theoretical investigation of coherent current transport in wide ballistic superconductor-two dimensional electron gas-superconductor junctions. It is found experimentally that upon increasing the junction length, the subharmonic gap structure in the current-voltage characteristics is shifted to lower voltages, and the excess current at voltages much larger than the superconducting gap decreases. Applying a theory of coherent multiple Andreev reflection, we show that these observations can be explained in terms of transport through Andreev resonances.
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| 5. |
- Svanborg, Catharina, et al.
(författare)
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Adhesion, signal transduction and mucosal inflammation
- 2002
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Ingår i: Bacterial Adhesion to Host Tissues. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. - 9780521801072 - 0521801079 ; , s. 223-246
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Ahlsén, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Resistance profiles of cyclic and linear inhibitors of HIV-1 protease
- 2002
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Ingår i: Antiviral Chemistry & Chemotherapy. - 0956-3202 .- 2040-2066. ; 13:1, s. 27-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Resistance to anti-HIV protease drugs is a major problem in the design of AIDS drugs with long-term efficacy. To identify structural features associated with a certain resistance profile, the inhibitory properties of a series of symmetric and asymmetric cyclic sulfamide, cyclic urea and linear transition-state analogue inhibitors of HIV-1 protease were investigated using wild-type and mutant enzyme. To allow a detailed structure-inhibition analysis, enzyme with single, double, triple and quadruple combinations of G48V, V82A, 184V and L90M substitutions was used. Kinetic analysis of the mutants revealed that catalytic efficiency was 1-30% of that for the wild-type enzyme, a consequence of reduced kcat in all cases and an increased KM for all mutants except for the G48V enzyme. The overall structure-inhibitory profiles of the cyclic compounds were similar, and the inhibition of the V82A, 184V and G48V/L90M mutants were less efficient than of the wild-type enzyme. The greatest increase in Ki was generally observed for the 184V mutant and least for the G48V/L90M mutant, and additional combinations of mutations did not result in improved inhibition profiles for the cyclic compounds. An extended analysis of additional mutants, and including a set of linear compounds, showed that the profile was unique for each compound, and did not reveal any general structural features associated with a certain inhibition profile. The effects of structural modifications in the inhibitors, or of mutations, were not additive and they differed depending on their context. The results demonstrate the difficulties in predicting resistance, even for closely related compounds, and designing compounds with improved resistance profiles.
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| 8. |
- Aksmann, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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The mechanism of anthracene interaction with photosynthetic apparatus : A study using intact cells, thylakoid membranes and PS II complexes isolated from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
- 2011
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Ingår i: Aquatic Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0166-445X .- 1879-1514. ; 104:3-4, s. 205-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intact cells of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as well as isolated thylakoid membranes and photosystem II complexes were used to examine a possible mechanism of anthracene (ANT) interaction with the photosynthetic apparatus. Since ANT concentrations above 1 mM were required to significantly inhibit the rate of oxygen evolution in PS II membrane fragments it may indicate that the toxicant did not directly interact with this photosystem. On the other hand, stimulation of oxygen uptake by ANT-treated thylakoids suggested that ANT could either act as an artificial electron acceptor in the photosynthetic electron transport chain or function as an uncoupler. Electron transfer from excited chlorophyll to ANT is impossible due to the very low reduction potential of ANT and therefore we propose that toxic concentrations of ANT increase the thylakoid membrane permeability and thereby function as an uncoupler, enhancing electron transport in vitro. Hence, its unspecific interference with photosynthetic membranes in vitro suggests that the inhibitory effect observed on intact cell photosynthesis is caused by uncoupling of phosphorylation.
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| 9. |
- Allakhverdiev, Suleyman I., et al.
(författare)
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Vyacheslav (Slava) Klimov (1945-2017) : A scientist par excellence, a great human being, a friend, and a Renaissance man
- 2018
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Ingår i: Photosynthesis Research. - : Springer. - 0166-8595 .- 1573-5079. ; 136:1, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vyacheslav Vasilevich (V.V.) Klimov (or Slava, as most of us called him) was born on January 12, 1945 and passed away on May 9, 2017. He began his scientific career at the Bach Institute of Biochemistry of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Akademy Nauk (AN) SSSR), Moscow, Russia, and then, he was associated with the Institute of Photosynthesis, Pushchino, Moscow Region, for about 50 years. He worked in the field of biochemistry and biophysics of photosynthesis. He is known for his studies on the molecular organization of photosystem II (PSII). He was an eminent scientist in the field of photobiology, a well-respected professor, and, above all, an outstanding researcher. Further, he was one of the founding members of the Institute of Photosynthesis in Pushchino, Russia. To most, Slava Klimov was a great human being. He was one of the pioneers of research on the understanding of the mechanism of light energy conversion and of water oxidation in photosynthesis. Slava had many collaborations all over the world, and he is (and will be) very much missed by the scientific community and friends in Russia as well as around the World. We present here a brief biography and some comments on his research in photosynthesis. We remember him as a friendly and enthusiastic person who had an unflagging curiosity and energy to conduct outstanding research in many aspects of photosynthesis, especially that related to PSII.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Anderson, Karen, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Benchmarking Information Management Practice and Competence in Swedish Organizations
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Information Management and Evaluation. - Reading, UK : Academic Conferences Limited. - 9781908272133 - 9781908272126 ; , s. 28-36
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As organizations transform towards e-service provision and operations sophisticated, organization-wide approaches to information management are required. However, there is reason to believe that few organizations have developed a fully holistic approach to thinking about developing and managing their information assets to ensure their current and future accessibility and usability. There is an increasing awareness of the need to design systems that ensure information is accessible and re-usable, yet vital information often becomes increasingly inaccessible over time, to the disadvantage of business intelligence, business needs, customer service and regulatory requirements. An extensive survey of the state of the art of information management within Swedish organizations was undertaken to gain an understanding of current approaches, what competence is currently available within organizations and what competencies are perceived to be lacking or need development to ensure sustainable management of information as a business asset. This paper presents insights into how well or poorly records managers’ and archivists’ expertise is incorporated into whole- of-organization strategic planning for information management. It was rare to find collaboration between enterprise information architects and IT professionals with the recordkeeping professionals, who have expertise in structuring information and metadata as well as system requirements that contribute to ensuring long-term preservation, which would potentially minimize the proliferation of legacy systems from which records and information are very costly or impossible to migrate or extract. Many archivists considered that it is not their role to participate in wider information management strategies, preferring to focus on the capture of records into an ’e-archive’ without recognizing that information in the archive is a potentially re-usable business asset. This initial research contributes to an understanding of information cultures within organizations. It is intended to be used as a benchmark: follow-up studies are planned at regular intervals in the future to measure change in practice, attitudes and professional alliances to improve information management.
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| 12. |
- Anderson, Karen, et al.
(författare)
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Mature Public e-Services Without Mature Recordkeeping – An Impossibility?
- 2010
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Ingår i: iRMA Information and Records Management Annual. - 1836-3202. ; , s. 71-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish Government has established the eGovernment Delegation agency to identify and support excellence in e-government implementation strategies. This agency has commenced working with the National Archives, to ensure that archival requirements are addressed when developing new e-services. However, the prevailing view of archives is a traditional curatorial approach, which focuses on capturing the end product once actions have been completed. In the digital environment, the prevailing archival practice frameworks are not adequate to the task of capturing the full digital context and process that is essential for a complete record. Previously, when paper records were aggregated on a physical file, the full record of processes was more likely to be captured and managed for the long term.Results from two empirical case studies will be used to present and illustrate the risks and problems generated by an approach where the records are not identified and captured until late in the business process. In this paper the term post hoc approach to records capture is used to describe the method whereby an attempt is made to capture records, including the necessary metadata, after they are created, without prior planning or system design. One of the Swedish eGovernment Delegation’s aims is to motivate public agencies to reach level four on Layne and Lee’s e-government maturity model, that is, full integration of interaction between agencies and citizens. However, the model does not incorporate any recordkeeping requirements in its maturity benchmarks. It is clear these kinds of e-services are so complex that late intervention by archivists will not be adequate for needed recordkeeping support and long-term preservation. So it is essential that guidance on archival preservation of integrated e-services is made available as soon as possible, particularly as current trends in government indicate that e-services will be outsourced to private providers.Strategies are proposed for including recordkeeping re- quirements in e-service models. Advantageously, this can be done using existing benchmarking tools such as GARP, ISO 15489, ISO 30301 and the ICA Principles and Functional Requirements for Records In Electronic Office Environments.
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| 13. |
- Anderson, Karen, et al.
(författare)
-
Projektet God Informationsförvaltning
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detta är den första publikationen i skriftserien Arkiv- och informationsvetenskap vid Mittuniversitetet producerad av Centrum för digital informationsförvaltning (CEDIF) vid Avdelningen för Arkiv- och Datavetenskap (ADV), Mittuniversitetet. Rapporten redovisar delar av det projektarbete som genomförts under namnet GoInfo (God Informationsförvaltning), under åren 2012-2015 med medel från Länsstyrelsen Västernorrland, Mittuniversitetet, Härnösands kommun och Riksarkivet Härnösand. Skriftserien är inspirerad av den tidigare rapportserien Arkiv-och informationsvetenskap vid Mitthögskolan, som utkom med sex nummer åren 1999-2000. I förordet till det första numret skrev redaktör Torbjörn Kjölstad “Det är vår förhoppning att rapportserien skall kunna förmedla en del av arkiv- och informationsvetenskapliga verksamheten vid Mitthögskolan. Vi har naturligtvis en strävan att presentera nya resultat inom detta mycket breda forskningsområde men också – och väl så viktigt – nya problemställningar och metodiska experiment”1. Vårt mål med den aktuella serien är densamma som i den tidigare: att dela med oss och sprida resultaten av vår forskning och kunskap.Ämnet arkivkunskap och dokumenthantering startade läsåret 1988/89 som en grundkurs vid Högskolan i Sundsvall/Härnösand, som senare blev Mitthögskolan. 1997 bedömde Högskoleverket att det uppfyllde kraven för magisterutbildning och magisterexamen och samma år ändrades benämningen till arkiv- och informationsvetenskap och år 2005 blev Mitthögskolan fullvärdigt universitet - Mittuniversitetet. Sedan universitet har fått ett allt större fokus på forskning så har också vårt ämne försökt att etablera en mer uttalad forskningsplattform. Det första större projekt ”Framtidens Arkiv” kom också att utgöra startskott för en rekrytering av en professur som tillsattes 2008. I Framtidens Arkiv rekryterades också ett par doktorander Erik Borglund och Lena-Maria Öberg som i anslutning till det projektet och via projekt som Bygga Villa och SMEdoc också disputerade.2 I slutet av 2009 beviljades medel till projekt CEDIF, som fick stöd av EU Europeiska regionala utvecklingsfond, Länsstyrelsen Västernorrland, Mittuniversitetet, Härnösands kommun och Sundsvalls kommun 2009-2012. Projektet syftade till att utveckla modeller för effektiv och långsiktig förvaltning av information inom framför allt offentlig sektor men även privat näringsliv. Inom detta projekt rekryterades doktorander Maria Kallberg och Proscovia Svärd. Maria Kallberg avslutade i december 2013 sin forskarutbildning inom GoInfo med avhandlingen ’The Emperor’s New Clothes’ - Recordkeeping in a New Context3, och samtidigt vinnare av Bureanska priset vid Mittuniversitetet. 2009 doktorerade Anneli Sundqvist med avhandlingen Search Processes, User Behaviour and Archival Representational Systems4.När detta skrivs är totalt tre doktorander aktiva vid avdelningen. Inom GoInfo har Ann-Sofie Klareld varit aktiv som doktorand. Ämnet arkiv- och informationsvetenskap har växt och mognat sedan starten 1988-1989. Utbildningen på grund- och masternivå har utökats med utbildning på forskarnivå och ett forskningsprogram.Sidorna som följer innehåller summeringar och reflektioner från GoInfo. Först ut är projektledaren Göran Samuelsson, som inleder med en övergripande beskrivning. Kapitlen som följer speglar GoInfos delprojekt och forskningsresultat. Ann-Sofie Klareld har skrivit om Arkivets roll inom e-förvaltningen. Sedan får vi insikter från Ann-Sofie Klareld och Annalena Olsson, (Riksarkivet i Härnösand) om Arkivmyndighetens roll i samarbets- och utvecklingsprojekt, utifrån Riksarkivets deltagande i flera projekt, inte minst e-ARD5, sponsrat av e-Delegationen. Karen Anderson och Göran Samuelsson presenterar i kapitlet Omvärldsanalys och teoretiska utgångspunkter de influenser som påverkat vår forskning, som bland annat haft en bas i den modell för informationsförsörjning som utvecklats av Göran Samuelsson. Kapitlet innehåller även några preliminära tankar om hur vi kan använda modellen i anslutning till de mer teoretiska modeller som används inom arkivvetenskap och praktik som; livscykelmodellen, Records Continuum modellen och OAIS-modellen. I kapitlet Myndighetsnätverket och GoInfo, rapporterar Ann-Sofie Klareld om hennes aktionsforskning och utmaningen att balansera rollen som forskare med förväntningar på verksamhetsutveckling. De följande tre kapitlen presentera mer konkreta forskning- och utvecklings ansatser i den kommunala miljön med ett stort fokus på GoInfos samverkans partner Härnösands kommun. Göran Samuelsson och Stefan Berggren ger ett Förslag till modell för strategiarbete för god informationsförvaltning, med användning av några av standarderna kring verksamhetsinformation bland annat ISO/SS 30300 och Riksarkivets RA FS 2009:16.Maria Kallberg skriver om Centraliserad diariefunktion, ett projekt som hon initierade i sin roll som kommunarkivarie i Härnösands kommun och sedan fortsatte att utforska som en del av sitt doktorandprojekt. Stefan Berggren, nuvarande kommunarkivarie i Härnösands kommun, och Göran Samuelsson beskriver sedan arbetet med hantera kommunens lönedata och hur man integrerar den nuvarande digitala hanteringen med äldre pappersbaserade informationen i kapitlet Lönedatafångst. I detta arbete har man försökt att praktiskt tillämpa de framtagna de förvaltningsgemensamma specifikationer för personalsystem (FGS Personal), som togs fram under e-ARD projektet. I ett avslutande avsnitt skriver Göran Samuelsson om Bevarande av geodata, ett alltmer viktigt område eftersom ’everything happens somewhere’ och att dessa data integreras med alltfler verksamhetssystem.Vår förhoppning är att du som läsarna ska kunna dra nytta av och även hämta kunskap från vår forskning, samt inspireras och utmanas att delta och bidra till den framtida arkiv- och informationsvetenskapliga forskningen.
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| 14. |
- Anderson, Karen, et al.
(författare)
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Teaching to trust: How a virtual archives and preservation curriculum laboratory creates a global education community?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Archival Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1389-0166 .- 1573-7500 .- 1573-7519. ; 11:3-4, s. 349-372
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Building virtual archives and preservation curriculum laboratories centered around born-digital and digitized records is a collaborative project currently underway between Simmons College (US) and Mid-Sweden University. In this virtual environment, issues of trust are central to the process, in terms of the both archival curriculum and the collaborative education process itself. The article describes the project, the collaboration, and offers a range of scenarios that demonstrate how the laboratories work within curriculum.
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| 15. |
- Anderson, Karen, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Virtual experiments in collaborative archival education: : constructing a digital laboratory for digital learning
- 2012
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Ingår i: Comma: International Journal on Archives. - Liverpool : Liverpool University Press. - 2049-3355. ; :2, s. 97-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sustainable archives and preservation education in a global digital society demand collaborative frameworks and multiple, geographically diverse partnerships. This poses considerable challenges for educators. A consortium between archival education programs at University College London, Mid Sweden University and Simmons College, Boston, is addressing these challenges within an innovative virtual learning environment developed, built and shared among the three schools. Participants from each of the three programs describe, analyze and demonstrate ongoing collaboration, research and curriculum development unified through the Digital Curriculum Laboratory (DCL). They also explore the implications of these types of learning resources and collaborative approaches for supporting archives education internationally.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Arias, Carolina, et al.
(författare)
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Nuclear proteome analysis of Chlamydomonas with response to CO2 limitation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Algal Research. - : Elsevier. - 2211-9264. ; 46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a unicellular green alga that can survive at a wide range of inorganic carbon (Ci) concentrations by regulating the activity of a CO2-concentrating mechanism (CCM) as well as other cellular functions. Under CO2 limited conditions, C. reinhardtii cells display a wide range of adaptive responses including changes in photosynthetic electron transport, mitochondria localization in the cells, the structure of the pyrenoid starch sheath, and primary metabolism. In addition to these functional and structural changes, gene and protein expression are also affected. Several physiological aspects of the CO2 response mechanism have been studied in detail. However, the regulatory components (transcription factors and transcriptional regulators) involved in this process are not fully characterized. Here we report a comprehensive analysis of the C. reinhardtii nuclear proteome using liquid chromatography electrospray ionization spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). The study aims to identify the proteins that govern adaptation to varying CO2 concentrations in Chlamydomonas. The nuclear proteome of C. reinhardtii cells grown in the air at high (5%) and low (0.04%) CO2 concentrations were analyzed. Using this approach, we identified 1378 proteins in total, including 90 putative transcription factors and 27 transcriptional regulators. Characterization of these new regulatory components could shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying acclimation to CO2 stress.
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| 18. |
- Asklund, Ina, et al.
(författare)
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Mobile app for treatment of stress urinary incontinence : a randomized controlled trial
- 2017
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Ingår i: Neurourology and Urodynamics. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0733-2467 .- 1520-6777. ; 36:5, s. 1369-1376
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: To evaluate the effect of a mobile app treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women.METHODS: Randomized controlled trial, conducted 2013-2014 in Sweden. Community-dwelling adult women with ≥1 SUI episode/week recruited through our website and randomized to app treatment (n = 62) or control group (postponed treatment, n = 61). One participant from each group was lost to follow-up. Intervention was the mobile app Tät(®) with a treatment program focused on pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), and information about SUI and lifestyle factors. Primary outcomes, 3 months after randomization: symptom severity (International Consultation on Incontinence Modular Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence Short Form [ICIQ-UI SF]); and condition-specific quality of life (ICIQ Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Quality of Life [ICIQ-LUTSqol]).RESULTS: One hundred and twenty-three women were included (mean age 44.7), with moderate/severe SUI (97.5%, 120/123), mean ICIQ-UI SF score 11.1 (SD 2.8) and mean ICIQ-LUTSqol score 34.4 (SD 6.1) at baseline. At follow-up, the app group reported improvements in symptom severity (mean ICIQ-UI SF score reduction: 3.9, 95% confidence interval 3.0-4.7) and condition-specific quality of life (mean ICIQ-LUTSqol score reduction: 4.8, 3.4-6.2) and the groups were significantly different (mean ICIQ-UI SF score difference: -3.2, -4.3to -2.1; mean ICIQ-LUTSqol score difference: -4.6, -7.8 to -1.4). In the app group, 98.4% (60/61) performed PFMT at follow-up, and 41.0% (25/61) performed it daily.CONCLUSIONS: The mobile app treatment was effective for women with SUI and yielded clinically relevant improvements. This app may increase access to first-line treatment and adherence to PFMT.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Asklund, Ina, et al.
(författare)
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User Experience of an App-Based Treatment for Stress Urinary Incontinence : Qualitative Interview Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Internet Research. - : JMIR Publications Inc.. - 1438-8871. ; 21:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) affects 10%-39% of women. Its first-line treatment consists of lifestyle interventions and pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), which can be performed supervised or unsupervised. Health apps are increasing in number and can be used to improve adherence to treatments. We developed the Tät app, which provides a 3-month treatment program with a focus on PFMT for women with SUI. The app treatment was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial, which demonstrated efficacy for improving incontinence symptoms and quality of life. In this qualitative interview study, we investigated participant experiences of the app-based treatment.Objective: This study aimed to explore women’s experiences of using an app-based treatment program for SUI.Methods: This qualitative study is based on telephone interviews with 15 selected women, with a mean age of 47 years, who had used the app in the previous randomized controlled trial. A semistructured interview guide with open-ended questions was used, and the interviews were transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed according to the grounded theory.Results: The results were grouped into three categories: “Something new!” “Keeping motivation up!” and “Good enough?” A core category, “Enabling my independence,” was identified. The participants appreciated having a new and modern way to access a treatment program for SUI. The use of new technology seemed to make incontinence treatment feel more prioritized and less embarrassing for the subjects. The closeness to their mobile phone and app features like reminders and visual graphs helped support and motivate the women to carry through the PFMT. The participants felt confident that they could perform the treatment program on their own, even though they expressed some uncertainty about whether they were doing the pelvic floor muscle contractions correctly. They felt that the app-based treatment increased their self-confidence and enabled them to take responsibility for their treatment.Conclusions: Use of the app-based treatment program for SUI empowered the women in this study and helped them self-manage their incontinence treatment. They appreciated the app as a new tool for supporting their motivation to carry through a slightly challenging PFMT program.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01848938; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01848938 (Archived by WebCite at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01848938)
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| 21. |
- Asproth, Viveca, et al.
(författare)
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E-tjänstens framtida historia : Informationsbevarande, ett bortglömt ansvarsområde?
- 2010. - 1:1
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Ingår i: Förvaltning och medborgarskap i förändring. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144055626 ; , s. 167-184
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Innehåll: Inledning, Svensk offentlighetslagstriftning, Den komplexa och integrerade e-tjänsten - bakgrund och definition, Problemområden, Ansvarsfrågan, Informationens kvalitet över tid, Andvändaren / medborgaren, rekommendationer, Proaktivitet, Avslutning.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Benlloch, Reyes, et al.
(författare)
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Crystal structure and functional characterization of Photosystem II-associated carbonic anhydrase CAH3 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
- 2015
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Ingår i: Plant Physiology. - : American Society of Plant Biologists. - 0032-0889 .- 1532-2548. ; 167:3, s. 950-962
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In oxygenic photosynthesis, light energy is stored in the form of chemical energy by converting CO2 and water into carbohydrates.The light-driven oxidation of water that provides the electrons and protons for the subsequent CO2 fixation takes place inphotosystem II (PSII). Recent studies show that in higher plants, HCO3– increases PSII activity by acting as a mobile acceptor ofthe protons produced by PSII. In the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a luminal carbonic anhydrase, CrCAH3, was suggested toimprove proton removal from PSII, possibly by rapid reformation of HCO3– from CO2. In this study, we investigated the interplaybetween PSII and CrCAH3 by membrane inlet mass spectrometry and x-ray crystallography. Membrane inlet mass spectrometrymeasurements showed that CrCAH3 was most active at the slightly acidic pH values prevalent in the thylakoid lumen underillumination. Two crystal structures of CrCAH3 in complex with either acetazolamide or phosphate ions were determined at 2.6- and2.7-Å resolution, respectively. CrCAH3 is a dimer at pH 4.1 that is stabilized by swapping of the N-terminal arms, a feature notpreviously observed in a-type carbonic anhydrases. The structure contains a disulfide bond, and redox titration of CrCAH3 functionwith dithiothreitol suggested a possible redox regulation of the enzyme. The stimulating effect of CrCAH3 and CO2/HCO3– on PSIIactivity was demonstrated by comparing the flash-induced oxygen evolution pattern of wild-type and CrCAH3-less PSIIpreparations. We showed that CrCAH3 has unique structural features that allow this enzyme to maximize PSII activity at lowpH and CO2 concentration.
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| 24. |
- Bergsten, Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
PapG-dependent adherence breaks mucosal inertia and triggers the innate host response
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1537-6613 .- 0022-1899. ; 189:9, s. 1734-1742
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mucosal pathogens differ from normal flora constituents in that they provoke a host response that upsets mucosal integrity. We investigated whether the elaboration of discrete adherence factors is sufficient to break the inertia of the mucosal barrier. PapG-mediated adherence was selected as an example, because P fimbrial expression characterizes uropathogenic Escherichia coli and because adherence starts the attack on the mucosal barrier. Patients were inoculated intravesically with transformed nonvirulent E. coli strains expressing functional P fimbriae (E. coli pap(+)) or mutant fimbriae lacking the adhesin (E. coli DeltapapG). E. coli pap(+) was shown to activate the innate host response, and adherent gfp(+) bacteria were observed on excreted uroepithelial cells. E. coli DeltapapG failed to trigger a response and was nonadhesive. We conclude that PapG-mediated adherence breaks mucosal inertia in the human urinary tract by triggering innate immunity and propose that this activation step differentiates asymptomatic carriage from infection.
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| 25. |
- Borglund, Erik AM, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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How requirements of record managers change after implementing new electronic records management systems
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 3rd European Conference on Information Management and Evaluation. - UK : Academic Conferences Limited. - 9781906638443 - 9781906638436 ; , s. 59-66
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish strategies and legislation that govern the management of records and archives in organizations have their roots in an analogue and paper-based environment. Today, very few records are created on paper: the majority of records are born digital, but they may be transformed to analogue form to fit organizational business needs and workflow. In a records management system of the highest quality electronic records should be maintained in their digital format to preserve context, digital links and dynamic relationships among information held in databases and multimedia documents. These relationships are frequently lost in any attempt to transfer to analogue form, thus compromising best practice records management standards.To meet the new need for managing born-digital records, many organizations have implemented electronic record management systems, and the effect of those implementations has gained interest from researchers, but it is not solely a software system that is needed to give a capacity of electronic record management. The ISO 15489 Standard for Records Management argues that the organizational structure and work processes affect how well the organization is able to manage their electronic records.This paper is based upon a research in a Swedish municipality, which carried out a comprehensive change management process to increase their capacity to manage electronic records, both for supporting business needs and long-term preservation needs. There is very little archival literature that focuses on how the roles of both archivists and record managers change, for example as a consequence of implementing electronic document management systems, and the organization becomes a process-oriented organization. The purpose of this paper aims to increase knowledge of the way the records managers need to change their work in order to meet the requirements generated by increased capacity in electronic records management.The research is based upon a qualitative approach where questionnaires, individual interviews, and group interviews have been used as data collection techniques. The research is in progress and has not yet fully been analyzed. However, the preliminary results indicate that the records managers need to act more proactively to meet the new system’s requirements of them. The importance of the records managers’ role in the municipality has become clearer and their competence is acknowledged as being more important as a result of this change management process in the municipality. The records managers are important in the sense that they know what information and what records are created, received and needed in different parts of the municipality. Records managers’ “record keeping” responsibilities have been better defined after this change process and their role in relation to areas that were traditionally the responsibility of archivists has also been more clearly delineated.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- BORODIN, V, et al.
(författare)
-
THE EFFECT OF LIGHT QUALITY ON THE INDUCTION OF EFFICIENT PHOTOSYNTHESIS UNDER LOW CO2 CONDITIONS IN CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII AND CHLORELLA-PYRENOIDOSA
- 1994
-
Ingår i: Physiologia Plantarum. - 0031-9317 .- 1399-3054. ; 92:2, s. 254-260
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of blue and red light on the adaptation to low CO2 conditions was studied in high-CO2 grown cultures of Chlorella pyrenoidosa (82T) and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (137(+)) by measuring O-2 exchange under various inorganic carbon (C-i) concentrations. At equal photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), blue light was more favourable for adaptation in both species, compared to red light. The difference in photosynthetic oxygen evolution between cells adapted to low C-i under blue and red light was more pronounced when oxygen evolution was measured under low C-i compared to high C-i conditions. The effect of light quality on adaptation remained for several hours. The different effects caused by blue and red light was observed in C. pyrenoidosa over a wide range of PPFD with increasing differences at increasing PPFD. The maximal difference was obtained at a PPFD above 1 500 mu mol m(-2) s(-1). We found no difference in the extracellular carbonic anhydrase activity between blue- and red light adapted cells. The light quality effect recorded under C-i-limiting conditions in C. reinhardtii cells adapted to air, was only 37% less when instead of pure blue light red light containing 12.5% of blue light (similar PPFD as blue light) was used during adaptation to low carbon. This indicates that in addition to affecting photosynthesis, blue light affected a sensory system involved in algal adaptation to low C-i conditions. Since the affinity for C-i of C. pyrenoidosa and C. reinhardtii cells adapted to air under blue light was higher than that of cells adapted under red light, we suggest that induction of some component(s) of the C-i accumulating mechanism is regulated by the light quality.
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| 28. |
- Burén, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
-
Importance of post-translational modifications for functionality of a chloroplast-localized carbonic anhydrase (CAH1) in Arabidopsis thaliana
- 2011
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 6:6, s. e21021-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe Arabidopsis CAH1 alpha-type carbonic anhydrase is one of the few plant proteins known to be targeted to the chloroplast through the secretory pathway. CAH1 is post-translationally modified at several residues by the attachment of N-glycans, resulting in a mature protein harbouring complex-type glycans. The reason of why trafficking through this non-canonical pathway is beneficial for certain chloroplast resident proteins is not yet known. Therefore, to elucidate the significance of glycosylation in trafficking and the effect of glycosylation on the stability and function of the protein, epitope-labelled wild type and mutated versions of CAH1 were expressed in plant cells.Methodology/Principal FindingsTransient expression of mutant CAH1 with disrupted glycosylation sites showed that the protein harbours four, or in certain cases five, N-glycans. While the wild type protein trafficked through the secretory pathway to the chloroplast, the non-glycosylated protein formed aggregates and associated with the ER chaperone BiP, indicating that glycosylation of CAH1 facilitates folding and ER-export. Using cysteine mutants we also assessed the role of disulphide bridge formation in the folding and stability of CAH1. We found that a disulphide bridge between cysteines at positions 27 and 191 in the mature protein was required for correct folding of the protein. Using a mass spectrometric approach we were able to measure the enzymatic activity of CAH1 protein. Under circumstances where protein N-glycosylation is blocked in vivo, the activity of CAH1 is completely inhibited.Conclusions/SignificanceWe show for the first time the importance of post-translational modifications such as N-glycosylation and intramolecular disulphide bridge formation in folding and trafficking of a protein from the secretory pathway to the chloroplast in higher plants. Requirements for these post-translational modifications for a fully functional native protein explain the need for an alternative route to the chloroplast.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Burén, Stefan, 1979-
(författare)
-
Targeting and function of CAH1 : Characterization of a novel protein pathway to the plant cell chloroplast
- 2010
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The chloroplast is the organelle within a plant cell where photosynthesis takes place. This organelle originates from a cyanobacterium that was engulfed by a eukaryotic cell. During the transition from endosymbiont to organelle most of the cyanobacterial genes were transferred to the nuclear genome of the host cell, resulting in a chloroplast with a much reduced genome that requires massive import of gene products (proteins) back to the organelle. The majority of these proteins are translated in the cytosol as pre-proteins containing targeting information that directs them to a translocon complex in the chloroplast envelope, the Toc-Tic system, through which these proteins are transported. We have identified a protein in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, CAH1, that is trafficked via the endomembrane system (ER/Golgi apparatus) to the chloroplast instead of using the Toc-Tic machinery. This transport is partly mediated by canonical vesicle trafficking elements involved in ER to Golgi transport, such as Sar1 and RabD GTPases. Analysis of point mutated variants of CAH1 showed that both N-linked glycans and an intra-molecular disulphide bridge are required for correct folding, trafficking and function of the protein. Since chloroplasts lack N-glycosylation machinery, we propose that a route for chloroplast proteins that require endomembrane-specific post-translational modifications for their functionality exists as a complement to the Toc-Tic system. We also show that mutant plants with disrupted CAH1 gene expression have reduced rates of CO2 uptake and accumulate lower amounts of starch compared to wild-type plants, indicating an important function of the CAH1 protein for the photosynthetic capacity of Arabidopsis. Further study of CAH1 will not only be important to reveal its role in photosynthesis, but characterization of this novel protein pathway to the chloroplast can also shed light on how the plant cell evolved and clarify the purpose of keeping several chloroplast import pathways working in parallel. In addition, knowledge about this pathway could increase the opportunities for using plants as bio-factories for production of recombinant glycoproteins, which make up the vast majority of the bio-pharmaceutical molecules.
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| 33. |
- Buren, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
-
Use of the foot-and-mouth disease virus 2A peptide co-expression system to study intracellular protein trafficking in arabidopsis
- 2012
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:12, s. e51973-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A tool for stoichiometric co-expression of effector and target proteins to study intracellular protein trafficking processes has been provided by the so called 2A peptide technology. In this system, the 16-20 amino acid 2A peptide from RNA viruses allows synthesis of multiple gene products from single transcripts. However, so far the use of the 2A technology in plant systems has been limited.Methodology/Principal Findings: The aim of this work was to assess the suitability of the 2A peptide technology to study the effects exerted by dominant mutant forms of three small GTPase proteins, RABD2a, SAR1, and ARF1 on intracellular protein trafficking in plant cells. Special emphasis was given to CAH1 protein from Arabidopsis, which is trafficking to the chloroplast via a poorly characterized endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi pathway. Dominant negative mutants for these GTPases were co-expressed with fluorescent marker proteins as polyproteins separated by a 20 residue self-cleaving 2A peptide. Cleavage efficiency analysis of the generated polyproteins showed that functionality of the 2A peptide was influenced by several factors. This enabled us to design constructs with greatly increased cleavage efficiency compared to previous studies. The dominant negative GTPase variants resulting from cleavage of these 2A peptide constructs were found to be stable and active, and were successfully used to study the inhibitory effect on trafficking of the N-glycosylated CAH1 protein through the endomembrane system.Conclusions/Significance: We demonstrate that the 2A peptide is a suitable tool when studying plant intracellular protein trafficking and that transient protoplast and in planta expression of mutant forms of SAR1 and RABD2a disrupts CAH1 trafficking. Similarly, expression of dominant ARF1 mutants also caused inhibition of CAH1 trafficking to a different extent. These results indicate that early trafficking of the plastid glycoprotein CAH1 depends on canonical vesicular transport mechanisms operating between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.
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| 34. |
- Carius, Anke B., et al.
(författare)
-
Dynamic pH‐induced conformational changes of the PsbO protein in the fluctuating acidity of the thylakoid lumen
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Physiologia Plantarum. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0031-9317 .- 1399-3054. ; 166:1, s. 288-299
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PsbO protein is an essential extrinsic subunit of photosystem II, the pigment–protein complex responsible for light‐driven water splitting. Water oxidation in photosystem II supplies electrons to the photosynthetic electron transfer chain and is accompanied by proton release and oxygen evolution. While the electron transfer steps in this process are well defined and characterized, the driving forces acting on the liberated protons, their dynamics and their destiny are all largely unknown. It was suggested that PsbO undergoes proton‐induced conformational changes and forms hydrogen bond networks that ensure prompt proton removal from the catalytic site of water oxidation, i.e. the Mn4CaO5 cluster. This work reports the purification and characterization of heterologously expressed PsbO from green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and two isoforms from the higher plant Solanum tuberosum (PsbO1 and PsbO2). A comparison to the spinach PsbO reveals striking similarities in intrinsic protein fluorescence and CD spectra, reflecting the near‐identical secondary structure of the proteins from algae and higher plants. Titration experiments using the hydrophobic fluorescence probe ANS revealed that eukaryotic PsbO proteins exhibit acid–base hysteresis. This hysteresis is a dynamic effect accompanied by changes in the accessibility of the protein's hydrophobic core and is not due to reversible oligomerization or unfolding of the PsbO protein. These results confirm the hypothesis that pH‐dependent dynamic behavior at physiological pH ranges is a common feature of PsbO proteins and causes reversible opening and closing of their β‐barrel domain in response to the fluctuating acidity of the thylakoid lumen.
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| 35. |
- Cornelissen, Gerard, et al.
(författare)
-
Remediation of Contaminated Marine Sediment Using Thin-Layer Capping with Activated Carbon-A Field Experiment in Trondheim Harbor, Norway
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 45:14, s. 6110-6116
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In situ amendment of contaminated sediments using activated carbon (AC) is a recent remediation technique, where the strong sorption of contaminants to added AC reduces their release from sediments and uptake into organisms. The current study describes a marine underwater field pilot study in Trondheim harbor, Norway, in which powdered AC alone or in combination with sand or clay was tested as a thin-layer capping material for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated sediment. Several novel elements were included, such as measuring PAH fluxes, no active mixing of AC into the sediment, and the testing of new manners of placing a thin AC cap on sediment, such as AC+clay and AC+sand combinations. Innovative chemical and biological monitoring methods were deployed to test capping effectiveness. In situ sediment-to-water PAH fluxes were measured using recently developed benthic flux chambers. Compared to the reference field, AC capping reduced fluxes by a factor of 2-10. Pore water PAH concentration profiles were measured in situ using anew passive sampler technique, and yielded a reduction factor of 2-3 compared to the reference field. The benthic macrofauna composition and biodiversity were affected by the AC amendments, AC + clay having a lower impact on the benthic taxa than AC-only or AC + sand. In addition, AC + clay gave the highest AC recoveries (60% vs 30% for AC-only and AC + sand) and strongest reductions in sediment-to-water PAH fluxes and porewater concentrations. Thus, application of an AC-clay mixture is recommended as the optimal choice of the currently tested thin-layer capping methods for PAHs, and more research on optimizing its implementation is needed.
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| 36. |
- Dahl, Martin, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of shading and simulated grazing on carbon sequestration in a tropical seagrass meadow
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of Ecology. - : Wiley. - 0022-0477 .- 1365-2745. ; 104:3, s. 654-664
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. There is an ongoing world-wide decline of seagrass ecosystems, one of the world's most efficient carbon sink habitats. In spite of this, there is a clear lack of studies experimentally testing the effects of anthropogenic disturbances on carbon sequestration of seagrass systems. 2. We assessed the effects of two disturbances of global concern on the carbon sink function in a five-month in situ experiment within a tropical seagrass (Thalassia hemprichii) meadow by testing the impacts of shading and simulated grazing at two levels of intensity using shading cloths and clipping of shoot tissue. We measured the effects of these disturbances on the carbon sequestration process by assessing the net community production (NCP), carbon and nitrogen content in tissue biomass, and organic matter and THAA (total hydrolysable amino acids) in the sediment down to 40 cm depth. 3. Treatments of high-intensity shading and high-intensity clipping were similarly impacted and showed a significantly lower NCP and carbon content in the below-ground biomass compared to the seagrass control. No significant effects were seen in organic carbon, total nitrogen, C:N ratio and THAA in the sediment for the seagrass treatments. However, both clipping treatments showed different depth profiles of carbon and THAA compared to the seagrass control, with lower organic carbon and THAA content in the surface sediment. This can be explained by the clipping of shoot tissue causing a less efficient trapping of allochthonous carbon and reduced input of shredded seagrass leaves to the detritus sediment layer. In the clipping plots, erosion of the surface sediment occurred, which was also most likely caused by the removal of above-ground plant biomass. 4. Synthesis. Our findings show that during the course of this experiment, there were no impacts on the sedimentary carbon while the high-intensity disturbances caused a clear depletion of carbon biomass and reduced the seagrass meadow's capacity to sequester carbon. From a long-term perspective, the observed effect on the carbon biomass pool in the high-intensity treatments and the sediment erosion in the clipping plots may lead to loss in sedimentary carbon.
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| 37. |
- Ejdebäck, Mikael, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of codon usage and vector-host combinations on the expression of spinach plastocyanin in Escherichia coli
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Protein Expression and Purification. - : Elsevier. - 1046-5928 .- 1096-0279. ; 11:1, s. 17-25
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spinach plastocyanin has been expressed in Escherichia coli and exported to the periplasmic space. The effects of codon usage, expression system, growth length, and temperature on expression levels in LB medium were investigated. A stretch of codons, rare in E. coli, was identified and replaced with highly expressed codons, increasing the yield by at least 20%. Plastocyanin was more efficiently expressed under the T7 promoter than under the lac promoter. Maximum yields were obtained at 37 degrees C when growing the cells for 16 h after induction. The optimized expression system produced 38 mg holoprotein per liter culture. In this system it was also possible to express plastocyanin in minimal medium, at a yield of 10 mg per liter. N-terminal sequencing and mass spectrometry showed that plastocyanin was correctly processed. The expressed plastocyanin was purified to homogeneity, as shown by an A278/A597 ratio of 1.0, and together with amino acid analysis and the determination of oxidized and total copper contents, both the absorption coefficients for epsilon 278 and for epsilon 597 were determined to be 4700 M-1 cm-1.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Ekstrom, Wilhelmina, et al.
(författare)
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Sex effects on short-term complications after hip fracture: a prospective cohort study
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Clinical Interventions in Aging. - 1178-1998 .- 1176-9092. ; 10, s. 1259-1266
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To evaluate potential sex differences and other factors associated with complications within 4 months after a hip fracture. Methods: A total of 1,915 patients. 65 years (480 men) with hip fracture were consecutively included in a prospective multicenter cohort study. A review of medical records and patient interviews according to a study protocol based on the Standardized Audit of Hip Fractures in Europe (SAHFE, RIKSHOFT) was performed. Sex differences in comorbidity according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists score and complications 4 months after a hip fracture were registered. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors related to complications. Results: Male sex was associated with worse general health according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (P=0.005) and with more comorbidities (P<0.001). Male sex emerged as a risk factor for developing pneumonia (P<0.001), and additionally, 18% of the men suffered from cardiac complications compared with 13% of the females (P=0.018). Female sex was predisposed for urinary tract infections, 30% vs 23% in males (P=0.001). Mortality was higher in the male vs female group, both within 30 days (15% vs 10%, P=0.001) and at 4 months (24% vs 14%, P=0.001). Conditions associated with pneumonia were male sex, pulmonary disease, and cognitive impairment. Cardiac complications were associated with delayed surgery and cardiovascular and pulmonary disease. Conclusion: Before surgery, men with hip fracture already have a poorer health status and higher comorbidity rate than women, thus resulting in a twofold increased risk of pneumonia. Cognitive dysfunction and pulmonary disease contributed to pneumonia in men. Delayed surgery seems to increase the risk for cardiac complications. It is important to consider the sex perspective early on together with cardiopulmonary comorbidity and cognitive dysfunction to be able to counteract serious complications that may lead to death.
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| 40. |
- Engvall, Tove, et al.
(författare)
-
Ekonomiskt värde av information
- 2017
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Information är en av Trafikverkets resurser och dess värde kan uttryckas på olika sätt och ha olika innebörd för olika aktörer vid olika tidpunkter. Informationen kan ha direkta ekonomiska värden, men värdet kan också uttryckas i dess betydelse för en långsiktig resursplanering och ekonomihantering. Informationen kan även bidra till arbetssätt som hushållar med skattemedel, och skapa samhällseffekter inom t.ex säkerhet och miljö. Vi har i den befintliga studien bland annat utgått ifrån standarden ISO 30300 som menar: ”Att skapa och hantera verksamhetsinformation ingår i varje organisations aktiviteter, processer och system. Detta bidrar till effektivitet i verksamheten, ansvarstagande och riskhantering och till att verksamheten upprätthålls. Det gör det även möjligt för organisationer att se det värde som finns i informationsresurser som verksamhetstillgångar, kommersiella tillgångar och kunskapstillgångar, och bidra till att bevara det kollektiva minnet, som svar på utmaningar från den globala och digitala omvärlden” (ISO 30300, sid. iv). I denna studie har vi valt att undersöka hur informationshanteringen, med fokus på ekonomirelaterad information, stödjer det pågående arbetet med ett livscykelperspektiv på anläggningen. Bakgrunden är Trafikverkets ambitioner att skapa en helhetssyn över anläggningens kostnader genom hela livscykeln. Och därmed också hur den ekonomiska redovisningen relaterar till annan information. Studien baseras på intervjuer med i huvudsak medarbetare på Trafikverket, men även vissa andra nyckelpersoner. Personer från följande funktioner och arbetsfält har intervjuats: CoClass, BIM, ANDA/GUS, Öppna data, Informationsutbyten, Informationsförvaltning, Ekonomi, Ledningssystem, IT-strategi, Kontrakt och juridik, LCC, Internrevision, Riksrevisionen, Transportstyrelsen och Näringsdepartementet.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Eriksson, Mats, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Discovery of an algal mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase : molecular cloning and characterization of a low-CO2-induced polypeptide in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
- 1996
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 93:21, s. 12031-12034
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In green unicellular algae, several polypeptides are induced upon exposure to limiting CO2. We report here on the localization and characterization of one of these, a 22-kDa polypeptide in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. This nuclear-encoded polypeptide is induced in the mitochondria by a lowering of the partial pressure of CO2 in the growth medium from 5% to air CO2 levels. Sequencing of two different cDNA clones coding for the polypeptide identified it as a 20.7-kDa beta-type carbonic anhydrase (CA; carbonate dehydratase, carbonate hydro-lyase, EC 4.2.1.1). The two clones differ in their nucleotide sequences but code for identical proteins, showing that this CA is encoded by at least two genes. Northern blot hybridization reveals that mRNA transcripts are only present in cells transferred to air CO2 levels. A comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with those of other beta-CAs shows the largest degree of similarity with CA from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis (50% identity and 66% similarity). To our knowledge, this is the first identification and characterization of a mitochondrial CA from a photosynthetic organism.
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| 43. |
- Eriksson, M, et al.
(författare)
-
Induction and regulation of expression of a low-CO2-induced mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Plant Physiology. - 0032-0889 .- 1532-2548. ; 116:2, s. 637-641
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The time course of and the influence of light intensity and light quality on the induction of a mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase (CA) in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was characterized using western and northern blots. This CA was expressed only under low-CO2 conditions (ambient air). In asynchronously grown cells, the mRNA was detected 15 min after transfer from air containing 5% CO2 to ambient air, and the 21-kD polypeptide was detected on western blots after 1 h. When transferred back to air containing 5% CO2, the mRNA disappeared within 1 h and the polypeptide was degraded within 3 d. Photosynthesis was required for the induction in asynchronous cultures. The induction increased with light up to 500 mu mol m(-2) s(-1), where saturation occurred. In cells grown synchronously, however, expression of the mitochondrial CA was also detected in darkness. Under such conditions the expression followed a circadian rhythm, with mRNA appearing in the dark 30 min before the light was turned on. Algae left in darkness continued this rhythm for several days.
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| 44. |
- Eriksson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
ISOLATION, PURIFICATION, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MITOCHONDRIA FROM CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII
- 1995
-
Ingår i: Plant Physiology. - 0032-0889 .- 1532-2548. ; 107:2, s. 479-483
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mitochondria were isolated from autotrophically grown Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cell-wall-less mutant CW 92. The cells were broken by vortexing with glass beads, and the mitochondria were collected by differential centrifugation and purified on a Percoll gradient. The isolated mitochondria oxidized malate, pyruvate, succinate, NADH, and a-ketoglutarate. Respiratory control was obtained with malate (2.0) and pyruvate (2.2) but not with the other substrates. From experiments with KCN and salicylhydroxamic acid, it was estimated that the capacity of the cytochrome pathway was at least 100 nmol O-2 mg(-1) protein min(-1) and the capacity of the alternative oxidase was at least 50 nmol O-2 mg(-1) protein min(-1). A low sensitivity to oligomycin indicates some difference in the properties of the mitochondrial ATPase from Chlamydomonas as compared to higher plants.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- FALK, S, et al.
(författare)
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CHANGES IN PHOTOSYSTEM-II FLUORESCENCE IN CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII EXPOSED TO INCREASING LEVELS OF IRRADIANCE IN RELATIONSHIP TO THE PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSE TO LIGHT
- 1992
-
Ingår i: Photosynthesis Research. - 0166-8595 .- 1573-5079. ; 31:1, s. 31-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of a 60 min exposure to photosynthetic photon flux densities ranging from 300 to 2200-mu-mol m-2 s-1 on the photosynthetic light response curve and on PS II heterogeneity as reflected in chlorophyll a fluorescence were investigated using the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. It was established that exposure to high light acts at three different regulatory or inhibitory levels; 1) regulation occurs from 300 to 780-mu-mol m-2 s-1 where total amount of PS II centers and the shape of the light response curve is not significantly changed, 2) a first photoinhibitory range above 780 up to 1600-mu-mol m-2 s-1 where a progressive inhibition of the quantum yield and the rate of bending (convexity) of the light response curve can be related to the loss of Q(B)-reducing centers and 3) a second photoinhibitory range above 1600-mu-mol m-2 s-1 where the rate of light saturated photosynthesis also decreases and convexity reaches zero. This was related to a particularly large decrease in PS II(alpha) centers and a large increase in spill-over in energy to PS I.
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| 47. |
- FALK, S, et al.
(författare)
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RECOVERY OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND PHOTOSYSTEM-II FLUORESCENCE IN CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII AFTER EXPOSURE TO 3 LEVELS OF HIGH LIGHT
- 1992
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Ingår i: Physiologia Plantarum. - : Wiley. - 0031-9317 .- 1399-3054. ; 85:1, s. 61-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recovery from 60 min of photoinhibitory treatment at photosynthetic photon flux densities of 500, 1400 and 2200-mu-mol m-2 s-1 was followed in cells of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii grown at 125-mu-mol m-2 s-1. These light treatments re resent photoregulation, moderate photoinhibition and strong photoinhibition, respectively. Treatment in photoregulatory light resulted in an increased maximal rate of oxygen evolution (P(max)) and an increased quantum yield (PHI), but a 15% decrease in F(V)/F(M). Treatment at moderately photoinhibitory light resulted in a 30% decrease in F(V)/F(M) and an approximately equal decrease in PHI. Recovery in dim light restored F(V)/F(M) within 15 and 45 min after high light treatment at 500 and 1 400-mu-mol m-2 s-1 respectively. Convexity (THETA), a measure of the extent of co-limitation between PS II turnover and whole-chain electron transport, and PHI approached, but did not reach the control level during recovery after exposure to 1 400-mu-mol m 2 s-1, whereas P(max) increased above the control. Treatment at 2200-mu-mol m-2 s-1 resulted in a strong reduction of the modeled parameters PHI, THETA and P(max). Subsequent recovery was initially rapid but the rate decreased, and a complete recovery was not reached within 120 min. Based on the results, it is hypothesized that exposure to high light results in two phenomena. The first, expressed at all three light intensities, involves redistribution within the different aspects of PS II heterogeneity rather than a photoinhibitory destruction of PS II reaction centers. The second, most strongly expressed at 2200-mu-mol m-2 s-1, is a physical damage to PS II shown as an almost total loss of PS II(alpha) and PS II Q(B)-reducing centers. Thus recovery displayed two phases, the first was rapid and the only visible phase in algae exposed to 500 and 1 400-mu-mol m-2 s-1. The second phase was slow and visible only in the later part of recovery in cells exposed to 2 200-mu-mol m-2 s-1.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Fernandez-Mateos, P, et al.
(författare)
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Point mutations and deletion responsible for the Bombay H null and the Reunion H weak blood groups.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Vox sanguinis. - 0042-9007. ; 75:1, s. 37-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Definition of the molecular basis of the Reunion and the Bombay red cell and salivary H-deficient phenotypes. METHODS: Sequence and expression of FUT1 and FUT2 genes from H-deficient individuals. Family segregation analysis of the mutations responsible for the fucosyltransferase defects of H, secretor and Lewis systems. RESULTS: The Indian red cell H null Bombay phenotype depends on a new mutation of the FUT1 gene. T725-->G changing Leu242-->Arg. Their salivary nonsecretor phenotype is secondary to a complete deletion of the FUT2 gene. The red cell H weak Reunion phenotype depends on another new mutation of FUT1, C349-->T which induces a change of His117-->Tyr. Their salivary nonsecretor phenotype is due to the known Caucasian inactivating mutation G428-->A. CONCLUSION: Single prevalent FUT1 and FUT2 point mutations and a deletion are responsible for the Indian Bombay H null and the Reunion H weak phenotypes found on Reunion island. This is in contrast with other H-deficient phenotypes where sporadic nonprevalent inactivating mutations are the rule.
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| 50. |
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