| 1. |
- Andersson Ersman, Peter, et al.
(författare)
-
Screen printed digital circuits based on vertical organicelectrochemical transistors
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Flexible and Printed Electronics. - : IOP Publishing. - 2058-8585. ; 2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vertical organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have been manufactured solely using screenprinting. The OECTs are based on PEDOT:PSS (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(styrene sulfonic acid)), which defines the active material for both the transistor channel and the gateelectrode. The resulting vertical OECT devices and circuits exhibit low-voltage operation, relativelyfast switching, small footprint and high manufacturing yield; the last three parameters are explainedby the reliance of the transistor configuration on a robust structure in which the electrolyte verticallybridges the bottom channel and the top gate electrode. Two different architectures of the verticalOECT have been manufactured, characterized and evaluated in parallel throughout this report. Inaddition to the experimental work, SPICE models enabling simulations of standalone OECTs andOECT-based circuits have been developed. Our findings may pave the way for fully integrated, lowvoltageoperating and printed signal processing systems integrated with e.g. printed batteries, solarcells, sensors and communication interfaces. Such technology can then serve a low-cost basetechnology for the internet of things, smart packaging and home diagnostics applications.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
|
|
| 4. |
- Oosterhuis, Wytze P., et al.
(författare)
-
The use of error and uncertainty methods in the medical laboratory
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine. - : WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH. - 1434-6621 .- 1437-4331. ; 56:2, s. 209-219
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Error methods - compared with uncertainty methods - offer simpler, more intuitive and practical procedures for calculating measurement uncertainty and conducting quality assurance in laboratory medicine. However, uncertainty methods are preferred in other fields of science as reflected by the guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement. When laboratory results are used for supporting medical diagnoses, the total uncertainty consists only partially of analytical variation. Biological variation, pre- and postanalytical variation all need to be included. Furthermore, all components of the measuring procedure need to be taken into account. Performance specifications for diagnostic tests should include the diagnostic uncertainty of the entire testing process. Uncertainty methods may be particularly useful for this purpose but have yet to show their strength in laboratory medicine. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the pros and cons of error and uncertainty methods as groundwork for future consensus on their use in practical performance specifications. Error and uncertainty methods are complementary when evaluating measurement data.
|
|
| 5. |
- Sandberg, Andreas, 1984-
(författare)
-
Understanding Multicore Performance : Efficient Memory System Modeling and Simulation
- 2014
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To increase performance, modern processors employ complex techniques such as out-of-order pipelines and deep cache hierarchies. While the increasing complexity has paid off in performance, it has become harder to accurately predict the effects of hardware/software optimizations in such systems. Traditional microarchitectural simulators typically execute code 10 000×–100 000× slower than native execution, which leads to three problems: First, high simulation overhead makes it hard to use microarchitectural simulators for tasks such as software optimizations where rapid turn-around is required. Second, when multiple cores share the memory system, the resulting performance is sensitive to how memory accesses from the different cores interleave. This requires that applications are simulated multiple times with different interleaving to estimate their performance distribution, which is rarely feasible with today's simulators. Third, the high overhead limits the size of the applications that can be studied. This is usually solved by only simulating a relatively small number of instructions near the start of an application, with the risk of reporting unrepresentative results.In this thesis we demonstrate three strategies to accurately model multicore processors without the overhead of traditional simulation. First, we show how microarchitecture-independent memory access profiles can be used to drive automatic cache optimizations and to qualitatively classify an application's last-level cache behavior. Second, we demonstrate how high-level performance profiles, that can be measured on existing hardware, can be used to model the behavior of a shared cache. Unlike previous models, we predict the effective amount of cache available to each application and the resulting performance distribution due to different interleaving without requiring a processor model. Third, in order to model future systems, we build an efficient sampling simulator. By using native execution to fast-forward between samples, we reach new samples much faster than a single sample can be simulated. This enables us to simulate multiple samples in parallel, resulting in almost linear scalability and a maximum simulation rate close to native execution.
|
|
| 6. |
- Sarris, Theodore E., et al.
(författare)
-
Daedalus MASE (mission assessment through simulation exercise): A toolset for analysis of in situ missions and for processing global circulation model outputs in the lower thermosphere-ionosphere
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-987X. ; 9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Daedalus MASE (Mission Assessment through Simulation Exercise) is an open-source package of scientific analysis tools aimed at research in the Lower Thermosphere-Ionosphere (LTI). It was created with the purpose to assess the performance and demonstrate closure of the mission objectives of Daedalus, a mission concept targeting to perform in-situ measurements in the LTI. However, through its successful usage as a mission-simulator toolset, Daedalus MASE has evolved to encompass numerous capabilities related to LTI science and modeling. Inputs are geophysical observables in the LTI, which can be obtained either through in-situ measurements from spacecraft and rockets, or through Global Circulation Models (GCM). These include ion, neutral and electron densities, ion and neutral composition, ion, electron and neutral temperatures, ion drifts, neutral winds, electric field, and magnetic field. In the examples presented, these geophysical observables are obtained through NCAR’s Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Electrodynamics General Circulation Model. Capabilities of Daedalus MASE include: 1) Calculations of products that are derived from the above geophysical observables, such as Joule heating, energy transfer rates between species, electrical currents, electrical conductivity, ion-neutral collision frequencies between all combinations of species, as well as height-integrations of derived products. 2) Calculation and cross-comparison of collision frequencies and estimates of the effect of using different models of collision frequencies into derived products. 3) Calculation of the uncertainties of derived products based on the uncertainties of the geophysical observables, due to instrument errors or to uncertainties in measurement techniques. 4) Routines for the along-orbit interpolation within gridded datasets of GCMs. 5) Routines for the calculation of the global coverage of an in situ mission in regions of interest and for various conditions of solar and geomagnetic activity. 6) Calculations of the statistical significance of obtaining the primary and derived products throughout an in situ mission’s lifetime. 7) Routines for the visualization of 3D datasets of GCMs and of measurements along orbit. Daedalus MASE code is accompanied by a set of Jupyter Notebooks, incorporating all required theory, references, codes and plotting in a user-friendly environment. Daedalus MASE is developed and maintained at the Department for Electrical and Computer Engineering of the Democritus University of Thrace, with key contributions from several partner institutions.
|
|
| 7. |
- Woll, Petter S, et al.
(författare)
-
Myelodysplastic Syndromes Are Propagated by Rare and Distinct Human Cancer Stem Cells In Vivo.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Cancer Cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-3686 .- 1535-6108. ; 25:6, s. 794-808
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evidence for distinct human cancer stem cells (CSCs) remains contentious and the degree to which different cancer cells contribute to propagating malignancies in patients remains unexplored. In low- to intermediate-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), we establish the existence of rare multipotent MDS stem cells (MDS-SCs), and their hierarchical relationship to lineage-restricted MDS progenitors. All identified somatically acquired genetic lesions were backtracked to distinct MDS-SCs, establishing their distinct MDS-propagating function in vivo. In isolated del(5q)-MDS, acquisition of del(5q) preceded diverse recurrent driver mutations. Sequential analysis in del(5q)-MDS revealed genetic evolution in MDS-SCs and MDS-progenitors prior to leukemic transformation. These findings provide definitive evidence for rare human MDS-SCs in vivo, with extensive implications for the targeting of the cells required and sufficient for MDS-propagation.
|
|
| 8. |
- Abrahamsson, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
-
Formation of Monolithic Ion-Selective Transport Media Based on "Click" Cross-Linked Hyperbranched Polyglycerol.
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in chemistry. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-2646. ; 7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the emerging field of organic bioelectronics, conducting polymers and ion-selective membranes are combined to form resistors, diodes, transistors, and circuits that transport and process both electronic and ionic signals. Such bioelectronics concepts have been explored in delivery devices that translate electronic addressing signals into the transport and dispensing of small charged biomolecules at high specificity and spatiotemporal resolution. Manufacturing such "iontronic" devices generally involves classical thin film processing of polyelectrolyte layers and insulators followed by application of electrolytes. This approach makes miniaturization and integration difficult, simply because the ion selective polyelectrolytes swell after completing the manufacturing. To advance such bioelectronics/iontronics and to enable applications where relatively larger molecules can be delivered, it is important to develop a versatile material system in which the charge/size selectivity can be easily tailormade at the same time enabling easy manufacturing of complex and miniaturized structures. Here, we report a one-pot synthesis approach with minimal amount of organic solvent to achieve cationic hyperbranched polyglycerol films for iontronics applications. The hyperbranched structure allows for tunable pre multi-functionalization, which combines available unsaturated groups used in crosslinking along with ionic groups for electrolytic properties, to achieve a one-step process when applied in devices for monolithic membrane gel formation with selective electrophoretic transport of molecules.
|
|
| 9. |
- Ahlström, Christer, et al.
(författare)
-
Fit-for-duty test for estimation of drivers sleepiness level: Eye movements improve the sleep/wake predictor
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Transportation Research Part C. - : Elsevier. - 0968-090X .- 1879-2359. ; 26, s. 20-32
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Driver sleepiness contributes to a considerable proportion of road accidents, and a fit-for-duty test able to measure a drivers sleepiness level might improve traffic safety. The aim of this study was to develop a fit-for-duty test based on eye movement measurements and on the sleep/wake predictor model (SWP, which predicts the sleepiness level) and evaluate the ability to predict severe sleepiness during real road driving. Twenty-four drivers participated in an experimental study which took place partly in the laboratory, where the fit-for-duty data were acquired, and partly on the road, where the drivers sleepiness was assessed. A series of four measurements were conducted over a 24-h period during different stages of sleepiness. Two separate analyses were performed; a variance analysis and a feature selection followed by classification analysis. In the first analysis it was found that the SWP and several eye movement features involving anti-saccades, pro-saccades, smooth pursuit, pupillometry and fixation stability varied significantly with different stages of sleep deprivation. In the second analysis, a feature set was determined based on floating forward selection. The correlation coefficient between a linear combination of the acquired features and subjective sleepiness (Karolinska sleepiness scale, KSS) was found to be R = 0.73 and the correct classification rate of drivers who reached high levels of sleepiness (KSS andgt;= 8) in the subsequent driving session was 82.4% (sensitivity = 80.0%, specificity = 84.2% and AUC = 0.86). Future improvements of a fit-for-duty test should focus on how to account for individual differences and situational/contextual factors in the test, and whether it is possible to maintain high sensitive/specificity with a shorter test that can be used in a real-life environment, e.g. on professional drivers.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
- Akbarshahi, Hamid, et al.
(författare)
-
No gender-related bias in COPD diagnosis and treatment in Sweden : a randomised, controlled, case-based trial
- 2020
-
Ingår i: ERJ Open Research. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 2312-0541. ; 6:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: COPD is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The prevalence, morbidity and mortality of COPD among females have increased. Previous studies indicate a possible gender bias in the diagnosis and management of COPD. The present study aims to determine if there is gender bias in the management of COPD in Sweden.Methods: This was a double-blind, randomised (1:1), controlled, parallel-group, web-based trial using the hypothetical case scenario of a former smoker (40 pack-years and quit smoking 3 years ago) who was male or female. The participants were blind to the randomisation and the purpose of the trial. The case progressively revealed more information with associated questions on how the physician would manage the patient. Study participants chose from a list of tests and treatments at each step of the case scenario.Results: In total, 134 physicians were randomised to a male (n=62) or a female (n=72) case. There was no difference in initial diagnosis (61 (98%) male cases and 70 (97%) female cases diagnosed with COPD) and planned diagnostic procedures between the male and female cases. Spirometry was chosen by all the physicians as one of the requested diagnostic tests. The management of the hypothetical COPD case did not differ by sex of the responding physician.Conclusion: In Sweden, diagnosis and management of a hypothetical patient with COPD did not differ by the gender of the patient or physician.
|
|
| 12. |
- Ansari, David, et al.
(författare)
-
Pancreatic cancer and thromboembolic disease, 150 years after Trousseau.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: HepatoBiliary surgery and nutrition. - 2304-3881. ; 4:5, s. 325-335
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The connection between pancreatic cancer and venous thrombosis has been discussed for almost 150 years. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms are still partly understood, but it is known that pancreatic cancer induces a prothrombotic and hypercoagulable state and genetic events involved in neoplastic transformation (e.g., KRAS, c-MET, p53), procoagulant factors [e.g., tissue factor (TF), platelet factor 4 (PF4), plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1)], mucin production (e.g., through activation of P- and L-selectin) and pro-inflammatory factors [e.g., cytokines, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)] may be implicated. Also pancreatitis, both acute and chronic, is associated with increased risk of venous thrombosis, but in this circumstance a direct inflammatory process may be more important. This article discusses the incidence, treatment and outcome of venous thromboembolism (VTE) complicating pancreatic disease, with special emphasis on new knowledge obtained during the last fifteen years.
|
|
| 13. |
- Ansari, David, et al.
(författare)
-
Portal Venous System Thrombosis After Pancreatic Resection
- 2013
-
Ingår i: World Journal of Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-2323 .- 0364-2313. ; 37:1, s. 179-184
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Portal venous system thrombosis (PVST) is a rare, potentially fatal complication after pancreatic resection. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence, presenting symptoms, management, and treatment of PVST in a large cohort of patients. Prospectively collected data on patients undergoing pancreatic resection between 1997 and 2009 were reviewed retrospectively. Preoperative and postoperative imaging were analyzed for the presence or absence of venous thrombi. All patients received standard thromboprophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH). Of 516 pancreatic resections performed, 18 (3.5 %) were complicated by PVST. The most common clinical presentations were abdominal pain (n = 9) and ascites (n = 5) but never any alarm symptoms. Other symptoms were vague and nonspecific (e.g., weight loss, fatigue, fever). Total pancreatectomy was a risk factor compared to hemipancreatectomy (p < 0.01), whereas the underlying disease per se did not make any difference. The median interval between surgery and diagnosis of PVST was 105 days (range 1-1,440 days). PVST was at least a contributing factor in the postoperative deaths of two patients. LMWH therapy did not significantly affect survival. PVST remains a relatively infrequent complication after pancreatic resection. Because accurate diagnosis and timely intervention may reduce morbidity and mortality, the possibility of PVST should be considered in patients presenting with vague symptoms. Whether anticoagulant treatment is needed is still not clear; there were no obvious differences in outcome between treated and untreated patients.
|
|
| 14. |
- Baliakas, Panagiotis, et al.
(författare)
-
Clinical effect of stereotyped B-cell receptor immunoglobulins in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a retrospective multicentre study
- 2014
-
Ingår i: The Lancet Haematology. - 2352-3026. ; 1:2, s. 74-84
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background About 30% of cases of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) carry quasi-identical B-cell receptor immunoglobulins and can be assigned to distinct stereotyped subsets. Although preliminary evidence suggests that B-cell receptor immunoglobulin stereotypy is relevant from a clinical viewpoint, this aspect has never been explored in a systematic manner or in a cohort of adequate size that would enable clinical conclusions to be drawn. Methods For this retrospective, multicentre study, we analysed 8593 patients with CLL for whom immunogenetic data were available. These patients were followed up in 15 academic institutions throughout Europe (in Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Sweden, and the UK) and the USA, and data were collected between June 1, 2012, and June 7, 2013. We retrospectively assessed the clinical implications of CLL B-cell receptor immunoglobulin stereotypy, with a particular focus on 14 major stereotyped subsets comprising cases expressing unmutated (U-CLL) or mutated (M-CLL) immunoglobulin heavy chain variable genes. The primary outcome of our analysis was time to first treatment, defined as the time between diagnosis and date of first treatment. Findings 2878 patients were assigned to a stereotyped subset, of which 1122 patients belonged to one of 14 major subsets. Stereotyped subsets showed significant differences in terms of age, sex, disease burden at diagnosis, CD38 expression, and cytogenetic aberrations of prognostic significance. Patients within a specific subset generally followed the same clinical course, whereas patients in different stereotyped subsets-despite having the same immunoglobulin heavy variable gene and displaying similar immunoglobulin mutational status-showed substantially different times to first treatment. By integrating B-cell receptor immunoglobulin stereotypy (for subsets 1, 2, and 4) into the well established Dohner cytogenetic prognostic model, we showed these, which collectively account for around 7% of all cases of CLL and represent both U-CLL and M-CLL, constituted separate clinical entities, ranging from very indolent (subset 4) to aggressive disease (subsets 1 and 2). Interpretation The molecular classification of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia based on B-cell receptor immunoglobulin stereotypy improves the Dohner hierarchical model and refines prognostication beyond immunoglobulin mutational status, with potential implications for clinical decision making, especially within prospective clinical trials.
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Baliakas, Panagiotis, et al.
(författare)
-
Not all IGHV3-21 chronic lymphocytic leukemias are equal: prognostic considerations.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 1528-0020 .- 0006-4971. ; 125:5, s. 856-859
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An unresolved issue in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is whether IGHV3-21 gene usage, in general, or the expression of stereotyped B-cell receptor immunoglobulin defining subset #2 (IGHV3-21/IGLV3-21), in particular, determines outcome for IGHV3-21-utilizing cases. We reappraised this issue in 8593 CLL patients of whom 437 (5%) used the IGHV3-21 gene with 254/437 (58%) classified as subset #2. Within subset #2, immunoglobulin heavy variable (IGHV)-mutated cases predominated, whereas non-subset #2/IGHV3-21 was enriched for IGHV-unmutated cases (P = .002). Subset #2 exhibited significantly shorter time-to-first-treatment (TTFT) compared with non-subset #2/IGHV3-21 (22 vs 60 months, P = .001). No such difference was observed between non-subset #2/IGHV3-21 vs the remaining CLL with similar IGHV mutational status. In conclusion, IGHV3-21 CLL should not be axiomatically considered a homogeneous entity with adverse prognosis, given that only subset #2 emerges as uniformly aggressive, contrasting non-subset #2/IGVH3-21 patients whose prognosis depends on IGHV mutational status as the remaining CLL.
|
|
| 17. |
- Bolakhrif, Amin, et al.
(författare)
-
AI-Assisted Network Traffic Prediction Without Warm-Up Periods
- 2022
-
Ingår i: 95th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference - Spring, VTC 2022-SPRING. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Network traffic prediction in cellular networks improves reliability and efficiency of network resource use via proactive network management schemes. To this end, future traffic arrivals are anticipated via machine learning (ML)-based network traffic predictions based on historical network traffic data. Current literature on ML-based network traffic predictions employs warm-up periods, which are the required duration traffic flows are observed to make meaningful predictions. However, most flows are shorter than the warm-up period. This paper proposes a residual neural network (ResNet) architecture for individual network flow predictions, based on a deep-learning approach that removes the required warm-up period seen in other proposed methods. The ResNet architecture demonstrates the ability to accurately predict the magnitude of packet count, size, and duration of flows using only the information available at the arrival of the first packet such as IP addresses and utilized transport-layer protocols. The results indicate that the proposed method is able to predict the order of magnitude of individual flow characteristics with over 80% accuracy, outperforming traditional ML methods such as linear regression and decision trees.
|
|
| 18. |
- Bratt, Ola, et al.
(författare)
-
The Study of Active Monitoring in Sweden (SAMS) : A randomized study comparing two different follow-up schedules for active surveillance of low-risk prostate cancer
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 2168-1805 .- 2168-1813. ; 47:5, s. 347-355
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Only a minority of patients with low-risk prostate cancer needs treatment, but the methods for optimal selection of patients for treatment are not established. This article describes the Study of Active Monitoring in Sweden (SAMS), which aims to improve those methods. Material and methods. SAMS is a prospective, multicentre study of active surveillance for low-risk prostate cancer. It consists of a randomized part comparing standard rebiopsy and follow-up with an extensive initial rebiopsy coupled with less intensive follow-up and no further scheduled biopsies (SAMS-FU), as well as an observational part (SAMS-ObsQoL). Quality of life is assessed with questionnaires and compared with patients receiving primary curative treatment. SAMS-FU is planned to randomize 500 patients and SAMS-ObsQoL to include at least 500 patients during 5 years. The primary endpoint is conversion to active treatment. The secondary endpoints include symptoms, distant metastases and mortality. All patients will be followed for 10-15 years. Results. Inclusion started in October 2011. In March 2013, 148 patients were included at 13 Swedish urological centres. Conclusions. It is hoped that the results of SAMS will contribute to fewer patients with indolent, low-risk prostate cancer receiving unnecessary treatment and more patients on active surveillance who need treatment receiving it when the disease is still curable. The less intensive investigational follow-up in the SAMS-FU trial would reduce the healthcare resources allocated to this large group of patients if it replaced the present standard schedule.
|
|
| 19. |
- Bridel, Claire, et al.
(författare)
-
Diagnostic Value of Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurofilament Light Protein in Neurology : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
- 2019
-
Ingår i: JAMA Neurology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6149 .- 2168-6157. ; 76:9, s. 1035-1048
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Importance Neurofilament light protein (NfL) is elevated in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of a number of neurological conditions compared with healthy controls (HC) and is a candidate biomarker for neuroaxonal damage. The influence of age and sex is largely unknown, and levels across neurological disorders have not been compared systematically to date.Objectives To assess the associations of age, sex, and diagnosis with NfL in CSF (cNfL) and to evaluate its potential in discriminating clinically similar conditions.Data Sources PubMed was searched for studies published between January 1, 2006, and January 1, 2016, reporting cNfL levels (using the search terms neurofilament light and cerebrospinal fluid) in neurological or psychiatric conditions and/or in HC.Study Selection Studies reporting NfL levels measured in lumbar CSF using a commercially available immunoassay, as well as age and sex.Data Extraction and Synthesis Individual-level data were requested from study authors. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate the fixed effects of age, sex, and diagnosis on log-transformed NfL levels, with cohort of origin modeled as a random intercept.Main Outcome and Measure The cNfL levels adjusted for age and sex across diagnoses.Results Data were collected for 10 059 individuals (mean [SD] age, 59.7 [18.8] years; 54.1% female). Thirty-five diagnoses were identified, including inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (n = 2795), dementias and predementia stages (n = 4284), parkinsonian disorders (n = 984), and HC (n = 1332). The cNfL was elevated compared with HC in a majority of neurological conditions studied. Highest levels were observed in cognitively impaired HIV-positive individuals (iHIV), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and Huntington disease. In 33.3% of diagnoses, including HC, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer disease (AD), and Parkinson disease (PD), cNfL was higher in men than women. The cNfL increased with age in HC and a majority of neurological conditions, although the association was strongest in HC. The cNfL overlapped in most clinically similar diagnoses except for FTD and iHIV, which segregated from other dementias, and PD, which segregated from atypical parkinsonian syndromes.Conclusions and Relevance These data support the use of cNfL as a biomarker of neuroaxonal damage and indicate that age-specific and sex-specific (and in some cases disease-specific) reference values may be needed. The cNfL has potential to assist the differentiation of FTD from AD and PD from atypical parkinsonian syndromes.
|
|
| 20. |
- Bruett, Anna Levke, et al.
(författare)
-
Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life and Patient Satisfaction in Children and Adolescents with Growth Hormone Deficiency or Idiopathic Short Stature - Part 1 : A Critical Evaluation of Available Tools
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Hormone Research. - : S. Karger AG. - 0301-0163 .- 1423-0046. ; 72:2, s. 65-73
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concept of health-related quality of life (HrQoL) reflects the subjective perception of health and includes aspects of well-being and functioning in physical, emotional, mental and social life domains. Nowadays, HrQoL has become a relevant treatment outcome from epidemiological and clinical perspectives and is also broadly employed in health economic analyses. To assess HrQoL generic as well as condition-specific instruments are used. The former are applicable to a wide range of health conditions and aim at measuring HrQoL across different conditions. The latter focus on capturing the impact of a specific disease. Although HrQoL research in adults is now well-advanced, there are still open questions regarding how to assess HrQoL in pediatric conditions, such as short stature. Eight generic (one chronic-generic) and seven condition-specific (one treatment-specific) instruments used in HrQoL research in short stature of youth are described. Additionally, this mini review identifies a need for further research and indicates potential directions.
|
|
| 21. |
- Buggert, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
-
Limited immune surveillance in lymphoid tissue by cytolytic CD4+ T cells during health and HIV disease
- 2018
-
Ingår i: PLoS Pathogens. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7374. ; 14:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CD4+ T cells subsets have a wide range of important helper and regulatory functions in the immune system. Several studies have specifically suggested that circulating effector CD4+ T cells may play a direct role in control of HIV replication through cytolytic activity or autocrine β-chemokine production. However, it remains unclear whether effector CD4+ T cells expressing cytolytic molecules and β-chemokines are present within lymph nodes (LNs), a major site of HIV replication. Here, we report that expression of β-chemokines and cytolytic molecules are enriched within a CD4+ T cell population with high levels of the T-box transcription factors T-bet and eomesodermin (Eomes). This effector population is predominately found in peripheral blood and is limited in LNs regardless of HIV infection or treatment status. As a result, CD4+ T cells generally lack effector functions in LNs, including cytolytic capacity and IFNγ and β-chemokine expression, even in HIV elite controllers and during acute/early HIV infection. While we do find the presence of degranulating CD4+ T cells in LNs, these cells do not bear functional or transcriptional effector T cell properties and are inherently poor to form stable immunological synapses compared to their peripheral blood counterparts. We demonstrate that CD4+ T cell cytolytic function, phenotype, and programming in the peripheral blood is dissociated from those characteristics found in lymphoid tissues. Together, these data challenge our current models based on blood and suggest spatially and temporally dissociated mechanisms of viral control in lymphoid tissues.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
- Burén, Jonas, 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
Gaming and Social Media Addiction in University Students: Sex Differences, Suitability of Symptoms, and Association With Psychosocial Difficulties
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychiatry. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-0640. ; 12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Previous research has shown that addictions to digital media can have negative impact on psychosocial health. Although Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) has received most scholarly recognition, the potential negative consequences of Social Media Disorder (SMD) have also been found. However, few studies have assessed the symptoms of these two digital media addictions in the same way, making comparisons difficult. The present study aims to fill this gap by investigating differences and similarities regarding how common the symptoms are, sex differences, the suitability of the symptoms, and their association with psychosocial difficulties. Method: A total of 688 university students (63.2% women, Mean age = 25.98) completed a questionnaire measuring symptoms of IGD and SMD, as well as psychosocial difficulties (i.e., psychosomatic symptoms, low self-concept, and social problems). Results: Results showed that 1.2% of the men and 0.9% of the women met the symptom criteria for IGD (non-significant difference), whereas 3.2% men and 2.8% women met the symptom criteria for SMD (non-significant difference). Dimensional analyses indicated that men had higher IGD scores compared to women, whereas the opposite was found for SMD. Symptoms of heavy involvement in digital media (i.e., Preoccupation, Tolerance, Withdrawal, Unsuccessful attempts to control, and Escape) had high sensitivity, but low positive predictive value (PPV). However, symptoms associated with negative consequences of digital media use (i.e., Loss of interest, Continued excessive use, Deception, and Jeopardizing career/relationships) had low sensitivity, but high PPV. These symptom patterns were similar for IGD and SMD. Meeting the criteria for IGD or SMD as well as being at risk of these disorders were significantly associated with psychosocial difficulties. Symptoms of SMD generally had stronger associations with psychosomatic symptoms compared to symptoms of IGD. Conclusions: We conclude that heavy involvement in digital media seems common among individuals with IGD or SMD, but also among those not meeting the symptom criteria, whereas negative consequences are less common but highly predictive of digital media addictions once present. Further attention to SMD is warranted, as it seems more common than IGD and also seems to be equally or more strongly associated with psychosocial difficulties.
|
|
| 24. |
- Bächle, Susanna M., et al.
(författare)
-
Elevated levels of iNKT cell and NK cell activation correlate with disease progression in HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections
- 2016
-
Ingår i: AIDS. - 0269-9370. ; 30:11, s. 1713-1722
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:: In this study we aimed to investigate the frequency and activation of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and natural killer (NK) cells among HIV-1, HIV-2, or dually HIV-1/HIV-2 (HIV-D)-infected individuals, in relation to markers of disease progression. DESIGN:: Whole blood samples were collected from treatment-naïve HIV-1 (n?=?23), HIV-2 (n?=?34) and HIV-D (n?=?11) infected individuals, as well as HIV-seronegative controls (n?=?25), belonging to an occupational cohort in Guinea-Bissau. METHODS:: Frequencies and activation levels of iNKT and NK cell subsets were analysed using multi-colour flow cytometry and results were related to HIV-status, CD4+ T cell levels, viral load, and T cell activation. RESULTS:: HIV-1, HIV-D, and viremic HIV-2 individuals had lower numbers of CD4+ iNKT cells in circulation compared to seronegative controls. Numbers of CD56 NK cells were also reduced in HIV-infected individuals as compared to control subjects. Notably, iNKT cell and NK cell activation levels, assessed by CD38 expression, were increased in HIV-1 and HIV-2 single, as well as dual, infections. HIV-2 viremia was associated with elevated activation levels in CD4+ iNKT cells, CD56 and CD56 NK cells, as compared to aviremic HIV-2 infection. Additionally, disease markers such as CD4+ T cell percentages, viral load, and CD4+ T cell activation were associated with CD38 expression levels of both iNKT and NK cells, which activation levels also correlated with each other. CONCLUSIONS:: Our data indicate that elevated levels of iNKT cell and NK cell activation are associated with viremia and disease progression markers in both HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections.
|
|
| 25. |
- Cavadino, Alana, et al.
(författare)
-
Signal Detection in EUROmediCAT : Identification and Evaluation of Medication-Congenital Anomaly Associations and Use of VigiBase as a Complementary Source of Reference
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Drug Safety. - : ADIS INT LTD. - 0114-5916 .- 1179-1942. ; 44:7, s. 765-785
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Knowledge on the safety of medication use during pregnancy is often sparse. Pregnant women are generally excluded from clinical trials, and there is a dependence on post-marketing surveillance to identify teratogenic medications. Aims This study aimed to identify signals of potentially teratogenic medications using EUROmediCAT registry data on medication exposure in pregnancies with a congenital anomaly, and to investigate the use of VigiBase reports of adverse events of medications in the evaluation of these signals. Methods Signals of medication-congenital anomaly associations were identified in EUROmediCAT (21,636 congenital anomaly cases with 32,619 medication exposures), then investigated in a subset of VigiBase (45,749 cases and 165,121 exposures), by reviewing statistical reporting patterns and VigiBase case reports. Evidence from the literature and quantitative and qualitative aspects of both datasets were considered before recommending signals as warranting further independent investigation. Results EUROmediCAT analysis identified 49 signals of medication-congenital anomaly associations. Incorporating investigation in VigiBase and the literature, these were categorised as follows: four non-specific medications; 11 likely due to maternal disease; 11 well-established teratogens; two reviewed in previous EUROmediCAT studies with limited additional evidence; and 13 with insufficient basis for recommending follow-up. Independent investigations are recommended for eight signals: pregnen (4) derivatives with limb reduction; nitrofuran derivatives with cleft palate and patent ductus arteriosus; salicylic acid and derivatives with atresia or stenosis of other parts of the small intestine and tetralogy of Fallot; carbamazepine with atrioventricular septal defect and severe congenital heart defect; and selective beta-2-adrenoreceptor agonists with posterior urethral valve and/or prune belly. Conclusion EUROmediCAT data should continue to be used for signal detection, accompanied by information from VigiBase and review of the existing literature to prioritise signals for further independent evaluation.
|
|
| 26. |
- Chong, Michelle, et al.
(författare)
-
Local voltage control of an inverter-based power distribution network with a class of slope-restricted droop controllers
- 2019
-
Ingår i: IFAC PAPERSONLINE. - : ELSEVIER. - 2405-8963. ; , s. 163-168
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Motivated by the environmental and economical benefits of using renewable energy, we consider the problem of regulating the voltage of a power distribution network in a line configuration where each customer is equipped with an inverter. The substation at the head of the line determines the nominal voltage level which is communicated to each customer in the distribution line. The voltage level of each customer is regulated by an inverter which generates reactive power according to our class of droop controllers satisfying the sloperestriction property. This paper provides a sufficient condition for regulating the customers' voltage level within a desired band, which depends on the properties of the distribution line (line impedances) and the droop controller employed. This is achieved when only the upper bound of all the customers' net power usage is known, thereby preserving the privacy of each customer. Simulation studies are performed on a benchmark model for a distribution system with renewable sources.
|
|
| 27. |
- Chong, Michelle, et al.
(författare)
-
Voltage regulation of a power distribution network in a radial configuration with a class of sector-bounded droop controllers
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). ; , s. 3515-3520
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We consider the problem of voltage regulation for a power distribution network where each inverter-equipped customer is connected sequentially with the sub-station at the head of the line. The substation dictates the desired voltage and transmits the reference voltage to each inverter in the distribution line. The inverter generates reactive power using our modified droop control law, which regulates the voltage level by influencing the power flow in the line, described by the DistFlow model. This paper provides conditions on the distribution line (the line impedances), the droop control law employed, and the nominal voltage level at the substation such that the each customer's voltage level are within a desired margin, when only the bound on the customers' overall power consumption is known. Thereby preserving the privacy of each customer's net power usage. We have also widened the choice of droop functions by only requiring them to be sector bounded. Simulation studies are provided to illustrate our results.
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
- Cristea, Lucas, et al.
(författare)
-
Breathlessness dimensions association with physical and mental quality of life : the population based VASCOL study of elderly men
- 2021
-
Ingår i: BMJ Open Respiratory Research. - : BMJ. - 2052-4439. ; 8:1, s. 1-7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Breathlessness is a multidimensional symptom prevalent in elderly affecting many aspects of life. We aimed to determine how different dimensions of breathlessness are associated with physical and mental quality of life (QoL) in elderly men.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional, population-based analysis of 672 men aged 73 years in a Swedish county. Breathlessness was assessed using Dyspnoea-12 (D-12) and Multidimensional Dyspnoea Profile (MDP), and QoL using the Short Form 12 physical and mental scores. Scores were compared as z-scores across scales and analysed using multivariable linear regression, adjusted for smoking, body mass index and the presence of respiratory and cardiovascular disease.RESULTS: Worse breathlessness was related to worse physical and mental QoL across all the D-12 and MDP dimension scores. Physical QoL was most strongly associated with perceptional breathlessness scores, D-12 total and physical scores (95% CI -0.45 to -0.30). Mental QoL was more strongly influenced by affective responses, MDP emotional response score (95% CI -0.61 to -0.48). Head-to-head comparison of the instruments confirmed that D-12 total and physical scores most influenced physical QoL, while mental QoL was mostly influenced by the emotional responses captured by the MDP.CONCLUSION: Breathlessness dimensions and QoL measures are associated differently. Physical QoL was most closely associated with sensory and perceptual breathlessness dimensions, while emotional responses were most strongly associated with mental QoL in elderly men. D-12 and MDP contribute complimentary information, where affective and emotional responses may be related to function, deconditioning and QoL.
|
|
| 30. |
- Cuapio, Angelica, et al.
(författare)
-
NK cell frequencies, function and correlates to vaccine outcome in BNT162b2 mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated healthy and immunocompromised individuals
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Molecular Medicine. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1076-1551 .- 1528-3658. ; 28:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adaptive immune responses have been studied extensively in the course of mRNA vaccination against COVID-19. Considerably fewer studies have assessed the effects on innate immune cells. Here, we characterized NK cells in healthy individuals and immunocompromised patients in the course of an anti-SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA prospective, open-label clinical vaccine trial. See trial registration description in notes. Results revealed preserved NK cell numbers, frequencies, subsets, phenotypes, and function as assessed through consecutive peripheral blood samplings at 0, 10, 21, and 35 days following vaccination. A positive correlation was observed between the frequency of NKG2C+ NK cells at baseline (Day 0) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 Ab titers following BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination at Day 35. The present results provide basic insights in regards to NK cells in the context of mRNA vaccination, and have relevance for future mRNA-based vaccinations against COVID-19, other viral infections, and cancer.Trial registration: The current study is based on clinical material from the COVAXID open-label, non-randomized prospective clinical trial registered at EudraCT and clinicaltrials.gov (no. 2021–000175-37). Description: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04780659?term=2021-000175-37&draw=2&rank=1.
|
|
| 31. |
- Cuenot, Philippe, et al.
(författare)
-
The EAST-ADL Architecture Description Language for Automotive Embedded Software
- 2010. - 1
-
Ingår i: Model-Based Engineering of Embedded Real-Time Systems. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642162770 ; , s. 297-207
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current trends in automotive embedded systems focus on how to manage the increasing software content, with a strong emphasis on standardization of the embedded software structure. The management of engineering information remains a critical challenge in order to support development and other stages of the life-cycle. System modelling based on an Architecture Description Language (ADL) is a way to keep these assets within one information structure. This paper presents the EAST- ADL2 modelling language, developed in the ITEA EAST-EEA project and further enhanced in the ATESST project (www.atesst.org). EAST- ADL2 supports comprehensive model-based development of embedded systems and provides dedicated constructs to facilitate variability and product line management, requirements engineering, representation of functional as well as software/hardware solutions, and timing and safety analysis.
|
|
| 32. |
|
|
| 33. |
- Ekström, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Minimal clinically important differences for Dyspnea-12 and MDP scores are similar at 2 weeks and 6 months : follow-up of a longitudinal clinical study
- 2021
-
Ingår i: The European respiratory journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 1399-3003 .- 0903-1936. ; 57:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic breathlessness is a dominating symptom that restricts daily life for many people with cardiorespiratory disease [1]. Different dimensions of the symptom, such as the intensity, sensory qualities and emotional responses, can be assessed using the instruments Dyspnea-12 (D-12) [2] and the Multidimensional Dyspnea Profile (MDP) [3], which share similarities in the underlying constructs of what is measured [4] and have emerged as widely used instruments for multi-dimensional measurement of breathlessness
|
|
| 34. |
- Fieblinger, Tim, et al.
(författare)
-
Mechanisms of Dopamine D1 Receptor-Mediated ERK1/2 Activation in the Parkinsonian Striatum and Their Modulation by Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Type 5
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Neuroscience. - : Society for Neuroscience. - 0270-6474 .- 1529-2401. ; 34:13, s. 4728-4740
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In animal models of Parkinsons disease, striatal overactivation of ERK1/2 via dopamine (DA) D1 receptors is the hallmark of a supersensitive molecular response associated with dyskinetic behaviors. Here we investigate the pathways involved in D1 receptor-dependent ERK1/2 activation using acute striatal slices from rodents with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions. Application of the dopamine D1-like receptor agonist SKF38393 induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and downstream signaling in the DA-denervated but not the intact striatum. This response was mediated through a canonical D1R/PKA/MEK1/2 pathway and independent of ionotropic glutamate receptors but blocked by antagonists of L-type calcium channels. Coapplication of an antagonist of metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5 (mGluR5) or its downstream signaling molecules (PLC, PKC, IP3 receptors) markedly attenuated SKF38393-induced ERK1/2 activation. The role of striatal mGluR5 in D1-dependent ERK1/2 activation was confirmed in vivo in 6-OHDA-lesioned animals treated systemically with SKF38393. In one experiment, local infusion of the mGluR5 antagonistMTEPin the DA-denervated rat striatum attenuated the activation of ERK1/2 signaling by SKF38393. In another experiment, 6-OHDA lesions were applied to transgenic mice with a cell-specific knockdown of mGluR5 in D1 receptor-expressing neurons. These mice showed a blunted striatal ERK1/2 activation in response to SFK38393 treatment. Our results reveal that D1-dependent ERK1/2 activation in the DA-denervated striatum depends on a complex interaction between PKA-and Ca2+ -dependent signaling pathways that is critically modulated by striatal mGluR5.
|
|
| 35. |
|
|
| 36. |
- Gao, Yu, et al.
(författare)
-
Immunodeficiency syndromes differentially impact the functional profile of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells elicited by mRNA vaccination
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Immunity. - : Elsevier. - 1074-7613 .- 1097-4180. ; 55:9, s. 1732-1746.e5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many immunocompromised patients mount suboptimal humoral immunity after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. Here, we assessed the single-cell profile of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells post-mRNA vaccination in healthy individuals and patients with various forms of immunodeficiencies. Impaired vaccine-induced cell-mediated immunity was observed in many immunocompromised patients, particularly in solid-organ transplant and chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. Notably, individuals with an inherited lack of mature B cells, i.e., X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) displayed highly functional spike-specific T cell responses. Single-cell RNA-sequencing further revealed that mRNA vaccination induced a broad functional spectrum of spike-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in healthy individuals and patients with XLA. These responses were founded on polyclonal repertoires of CD4+ T cells and robust expansions of oligoclonal effector-memory CD45RA+ CD8+ T cells with stem-like characteristics. Collectively, our data provide the functional continuum of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses post-mRNA vaccination, highlighting that cell-mediated immunity is of variable functional quality across immunodeficiency syndromes.
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
- Giraldo, Jairo, et al.
(författare)
-
A Survey of Physics-Based Attack Detection in Cyber-Physical Systems
- 2018
-
Ingår i: ACM Computing Surveys. - : ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY. - 0360-0300 .- 1557-7341. ; 51:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Monitoring the "physics" of cyber-physical systems to detect attacks is a growing area of research. In its basic form, a security monitor creates time-series models of sensor readings for an industrial control system and identifies anomalies in these measurements to identify potentially false control commands or false sensor readings. In this article, we review previous work on physics-based anomaly detection based on a unified taxonomy that allows us to identify limitations and unexplored challenges and to propose new solutions.
|
|
| 39. |
- He, Bing, et al.
(författare)
-
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the mesangial identity and species diversity of glomerular cell transcriptomes
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 12:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Molecular characterization of the individual cell types in human kidney as well as model organisms are critical in defining organ function and understanding translational aspects of biomedical research. Previous studies have uncovered gene expression profiles of several kidney glomerular cell types, however, important cells, including mesangial (MCs) and glomerular parietal epithelial cells (PECs), are missing or incompletely described, and a systematic comparison between mouse and human kidney is lacking. To this end, we use Smart-seq2 to profile 4332 individual glomerulus-associated cells isolated from human living donor renal biopsies and mouse kidney. The analysis reveals genetic programs for all four glomerular cell types (podocytes, glomerular endothelial cells, MCs and PECs) as well as rare glomerulus-associated macula densa cells. Importantly, we detect heterogeneity in glomerulus-associated Pdgfrb-expressing cells, including bona fide intraglomerular MCs with the functionally active phagocytic molecular machinery, as well as a unique mural cell type located in the central stalk region of the glomerulus tuft. Furthermore, we observe remarkable species differences in the individual gene expression profiles of defined glomerular cell types that highlight translational challenges in the field and provide a guide to design translational studies. The molecular identity of renal glomerular cells is poorly characterized and rodent glomerulopathy models translate poorly to humans. Here, the authors show molecular signatures of glomerulus-associated cells using single cell RNA sequencing and highlight differences between mouse and human cells.
|
|
| 40. |
- Henkel, Werner, et al.
(författare)
-
UEP concepts in modulation and coding
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Advances in Multimedia. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-5680 .- 1687-5699. ; 2010
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- First unequal error protection (UEP) proposals date back to the 1960's (Masnick and Wolf; 1967), but now with the introduction of scalable video, UEP develops to a key concept for the transport of multimedia data. The paper presents an overview of some new approaches realizing UEP properties in physical transport, especially multicarrier modulation, or with LDPC and Turbo codes. For multicarrier modulation, UEP bit-loading together with hierarchical modulation is described allowing for an arbitrary number of classes, arbitrary SNR margins between the classes, and arbitrary number of bits per class. In Turbo coding, pruning, as a counterpart of puncturing is presented for flexible bit-rate adaptations, including tables with optimized pruning patterns. Bit- and/or check-irregular LDPC codes may be designed to provide UEP to its code bits. However, irregular degree distributions alone do not ensure UEP, and other necessary properties of the parity-check matrix for providing UEP are also pointed out. Pruning is also the means for constructing variable-rate LDPC codes for UEP, especially controlling the check-node profile.
|
|
| 41. |
- Isaksson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
-
mmWave Beam Selection in Analog Beamforming Using Personalized Federated Learning
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Proceedings - 2023 IEEE Future Networks World Forum: Future Networks: Imagining the Network of the Future, FNWF 2023. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9798350324587
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using analog beamforming in mmWave frequency bands we can focus the energy towards a receiver to achieve high throughput. However, this requires the network to quickly find the best downlink beam configuration in the face of non-IID data. We propose a personalized Federated Learning (FL) method to address this challenge, where we learn a mapping between uplink Sub-6GHz channel estimates and the best downlink beam in heterogeneous scenarios with non-IID characteristics. We also devise FedLion, a FL implementation of the Lion optimization algorithm. Our approach reduces the signalling overhead and provides superior performance, up to 33.6% higher accuracy than a single FL model and 6 % higher than a local model.
|
|
| 42. |
- Juang, Linda P., et al.
(författare)
-
Ethnic-racial identity in Europe: Adapting the identity project intervention in five countries
- 2023
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Developmental Psychology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1740-5629 .- 1740-5610. ; 20:6, s. 978-1006
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A global challenge for developmental psychology is to better understand how young people around the world make sense of their identities growing up in pluralistic societies. The study of ethnic-racial identity provides an important lens for this process. This paper describes how five European countries (Germany, Greece, Italy, Norway, and Sweden) adapted the Identity Project, an 8-week school-based intervention originally developed in the United States to promote adolescents’ ethnic-racial identity exploration and resolution. Across the five countries, deep structure adaptations included revised or added content regarding key terminology used, a focus on migration and foreignness rather than ‘race,’ and discussions regarding national and regional identities, in addition to ethnic-racial identities, and how they may relate to one another. The process and content of adaptation we describe addresses two fundamental issues relevant to a globalized developmental psychology: 1) contributing to theoretical advances on key aspects of development by taking sociohistorical context seriously, and 2) moving between etic and emic perspectives to arrive at psychological constructs that can be appropriately studied across diverse cultural contexts.
|
|
| 43. |
- Järver, Peter, et al.
(författare)
-
Single-Stranded Nucleic Acids Regulate TLR3/4/7 Activation through Interference with Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recognition of nucleic acids by endosomal Toll-like receptors (TLR) is essential to combat pathogens, but requires strict control to limit inflammatory responses. The mechanisms governing this tight regulation are unclear. We found that single-stranded oligonucleotides (ssON) inhibit endocytic pathways used by cargo destined for TLR3/4/7 signaling endosomes. Both ssDNA and ssRNA conferred the endocytic inhibition, it was concentration dependent, and required a certain ssON length. The ssON-mediated inhibition modulated signaling downstream ofTLRs that localized within the affected endosomal pathway. We further show that injection of ssON dampens dsRNA-mediated inflammatory responses in the skin of non-human primates. These studies reveal a regulatory role for extracellular ssON in the endocytic uptake of TLR ligands and provide a mechanistic explanation of their immunomodulation. The identified ssON-mediated interference of endocytosis (SOMIE) is a regulatory process that temporarily dampens TLR3/4/7 signaling, thereby averting excessive immune responses.
|
|
| 44. |
- Kang, BooJoong, et al.
(författare)
-
Intrusion Resilience for PV Inverters in a Distribution Grid Use-Case Featuring Dynamic Voltage Control
- 2020
-
Ingår i: CRITICAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURES SECURITY (CRITIS 2019). - Cham : Springer Nature. ; , s. 97-109
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- ICT-enabled smart grid devices, potentially introduce new cyber vulnerabilities that weaken the resilience of the electric grid. Using real and simulated PV inverters, this work demonstrates how cyber-attacks on IEC 61850 communications to field devices can force an unstable state, causing voltage oscillations or overvoltage situations in a distribution grid. An automated resilience mechanism is therefore presented, combining intrusion detection and decentralised resilient controllers, which is demonstrated to assure stable operation of an energy system by counteracting cyber-attacks targeting embedded PV inverters.
|
|
| 45. |
- Kawahara, Jun, et al.
(författare)
-
Flexible active matrix addressed displays manufactured by printing and coating techniques
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Polymer Science Part B. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0887-6266 .- 1099-0488. ; 51:4, s. 265-271
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A flexible electrochromic active matrix addressed display, including 8 × 8 pixels, is demonstrated by using solution processing based on standard printing and coating manufacturing techniques. Each organic electrochromic display (OECD) pixel and its corresponding organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) are located on different sides of the flexible PET substrate. Electronic vias generated through the plastic substrate connects each OECD pixel with one addressing OECT. When comparing this display with actively addressed OECDs with all its components located on the same side, the present approach based on this electronic via substrate provides an enhanced pixel resolution and a relatively more simplified manufacturing process.
|
|
| 46. |
- Keshmiri, Vahid, et al.
(författare)
-
A Silicon-Organic Hybrid Voltage Equalizer for Supercapacitor Balancing
- 2017
-
Ingår i: IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 2156-3357 .- 2156-3365. ; 7:1, s. 114-122
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell voltage equalizers are an important part in electric energy storage systems comprising series-connected cells, for example, supercapacitors. Hybrid electronics with silicon chips and printed devices enables electronic systems with moderate performance and low cost. This paper presents a silicon-organic hybrid voltage equalizer to balance and protect series-connected supercapacitor cells during charging. Printed organic electrochemical transistors with conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) are utilized to bypass excess current when the supercapacitor cells are fully charged to desired voltages. In this study, low-cost silicon microcontrollers (ATtiny85) are programmed to sense voltages across the supercapacitor cells and control the organic electrochemical transistors to bypass charging current when the voltages exceed 1 V. Experimental results show that the hybrid equalizer with the organic electrochemical transistors works in dual-mode, switched-transistor mode or constant-resistor mode, depending on the charging current applied (0.3-100 mA). With the voltage equalizer, capacitors are charged equally regardless of their capacitances. This work demonstrates a low-cost hybrid solution for supercapacitor balancing modules at large-scale packs.
|
|
| 47. |
- Keshmiri, Vahid, et al.
(författare)
-
The applications of OECTs in supercapacitor balancing circuits
- 2016
-
Ingår i: 2016 7th International Conference on Computer Aided Design for Thin-Film Transistor Technologies (CAD-TFT). - : IEEE. - 9781509026876 ; , s. 23-23
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we investigate using OECTs in differential amplifiers and cell voltage equalizers for supercapacitor balancing circuits. The differential amplifier based on OECTs can sense voltage difference and the voltage equalizer consisting of a microcontroller and OECTs can be used to charge supercapacitors to desired voltages.
|
|
| 48. |
- Kintzler, Florian, et al.
(författare)
-
Large Scale Rollout of Smart Grid Services
- 2018
-
Ingår i: 2018 GLOBAL INTERNET OF THINGS SUMMIT (GIOTS). - : IEEE. ; , s. 215-221
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the domain of energy automation, where a massive number of software-based IoT services interact with a complex dynamic system, processes for software installation and software update become more important and more complex. These processes have to ensure that the dependencies on all layers are fulfilled, including dependencies arising due to the energy system controlled by IT components being a hidden communication channel between these components. In addition, the processes have to be resilient against faults in and attacks to both the energy grid and the communication network. The ERA-Net funded project LarGo! aims at developing and testing processes for the large scale rollout of software applications in the power grid domain as well as the user domain. This article describes a work in progress and the project's roadmap to solve the technical issues. It investigates the problems that arise from the interlocking of the two networks - the power grid and the communication network. Based on this analysis a first set of requirements for a rollout process in such a Smart Grid is derived and the chosen approach to verify the resilience of the developed processes under research is described.
|
|
| 49. |
- Lindberg, David, 1986, et al.
(författare)
-
Steady-state and time-resolved Thioflavin-T fluorescence can report on morphological differences in amyloid fibrils formed by A beta(1-40) and A beta(1-42)
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-2104 .- 0006-291X. ; 458:2, s. 418-423
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thioflavin-T (ThT) is one of the most commonly used dyes for amyloid detection, but the origin of its fluorescence enhancement is not fully understood. Herein we have characterised the ThT fluorescence response upon binding to the A beta(1-40) and A beta(1-42) variants of the Alzheimer's-related peptide amyloid-beta, in order to explore how the photophysical properties of this dye relates to structural and morphological properties of two amyloid fibril types formed by peptides with a high degree of sequence homology. We show that the steady-state ThT fluorescence is 1.7 times more intense with A beta(1-40) compared to A beta(1-42) fibrils in concentration matched samples prepared under quiescent conditions. By measuring the excited state lifetime of bound ThT, we also demonstrate a distinct difference between the two fibril isoforms, with A beta(1-42) fibrils producing a longer ThT fluorescence lifetime compared to A beta(140). The substantial steady-state intensity difference is therefore not explained by differences in fluorescence quantum yield. Further, we find that the ThT fluorescence intensity, but not the fluorescence lifetime, is dependent on the fibril preparation method (quiescent versus agitated conditions). We therefore propose that the fluorescence lifetime is inherent to each isoform and sensitively reports on fibril microstructure in the protofilament whereas the total fluorescence intensity relates to the amount of exposed beta-sheet in the mature A beta fibrils and hence to differences in their morphology. Our results highlight the complexity of ThT fluorescence, and demonstrate its extended use in amyloid fibril characterisation.
|
|
| 50. |
- Lucas, Cristea, et al.
(författare)
-
Which breathlessness dimensions associate most strongly with fatigue?-The populationbased VASCOL study of elderly men
- 2023
-
Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - 1932-6203. ; 18:12 December
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Breathlessness and fatigue are common symptoms in older people. We aimed to evaluate how different breathlessness dimensions (overall intensity, unpleasantness, sensory descriptors, emotional responses) were associated with fatigue in elderly men. Methods This was a cross-sectional analysis of the population-based VAScular disease and Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (VASCOL) study of 73-year old men. Breathlessness dimensions were assessed using the Dyspnoea-12 (D-12), Multidimensional Dyspnoea Profile (MDP), and the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale. Fatigue was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F) questionnaire. Clinically relevant fatigue was defined as FACIT-F≤ 30 units. Scores were compared standardized as z-scores and analysed using linear regression, adjusted for body mass index, smoking, depression, cancer, sleep apnoea, prior cardiac surgery, respiratory and cardiovascular disease. Results Of 677 participants, 11.7% had clinically relevant fatigue. Higher breathlessness scores were associated with having worse fatigue; for D-12 total, -0.35 ([95% CI] -0.41 to -0.30) and for MDP A1, -0.24 (-0.30 to -0.18). Associations were similar across all the evaluated breathlessness dimensions even when adjusting for the potential confounders. Conclusion Breathlessness assessed using D-12 and MDP was associated with worse fatigue in elderly men, similarly across different breathlessness dimensions.
|
|
