| 1. |
- Allard, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Rasbiologiskt språkbruk i statens rättsprocess mot sameby : DN Debatt 2015-06-11
- 2015
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Statens hantering av forskningsresultat i rättsprocessen med Girjas sameby utgör ett hot mot Sverige som rättsstat och kunskapsnation. Åratal av svensk och internationell forskning underkänns och man använder ett språkbruk som skulle kunna vara hämtat från rasbiologins tid. Nu måste staten ta sitt ansvar och börja agera som en demokratisk rättsstat, skriver 59 forskare.
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| 2. |
- Allard, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Rasbiologiskt språkbruk i statens rättsprocess mot sameby
- 2015
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Statens hantering av forskningsresultat i rättsprocessen med Girjas sameby utgör ett hot mot Sverige som rättsstat och kunskapsnation. Åratal av svensk och internationell forskning underkänns och man använder ett språkbruk som skulle kunna vara hämtat från rasbiologins tid. Nu måste staten ta sitt ansvar och börja agera som en demokratisk rättsstat, skriver 59 forskare.
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| 3. |
- Ahrné, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Tillstånd och trender för arter och deras livsmiljöer – rödlistade arter i Sverige 2015
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- 2015 års upplaga av den svenska rödlistan är den fjärde i ordningen. Den är baserad på IUCN:s rödlistningskriterier och revideras vart femte år. I rödlistan bedöms risken som enskilda arter av djur, växter och svampar löper att försvinna från Sverige. Bedömningen utförs av ArtDatabankens medarbetare i samverkan med över 100 externa experter, indelade i 14 expertkommittéer för olika organismgrupper. Under arbetet med 2015 års rödlista har tillstånd och trender bedömts för 21 600 arter och 1 318 lägre taxa (apomiktiska arter, underarter och varieteter), sammanlagt ca 22 900 taxa. Av de bedömda arterna klassificerades 2 029 som hotade (kategorierna CR, EN och VU) och 4 273 som rödlistade (inkluderar även kategorierna NT, RE och DD). Förhållandet mellan antalet rödlistade och antalet bedömda arter ar 19,8 %, vilket är ungefär samma värde som 2010 och 2005. I denna rapport jämförs antalet och andelen rödlistade arter mellan olika organismgrupper, biotoper, substrat och påverkansfaktorer. Texten ar indelad i en allmän del och åtta kapitel inriktade på olika landskapstyper. Landskapstyperna utgör en grov indelning av landets miljöer enligt följande kategorier: Skog, Jordbrukslandskap, Urbana miljöer, Fjäll, Våtmarker, Sötvatten, Havsstränder och Havsmiljöer. Skogen och jordbrukslandskapet är de artrikaste landskapstyperna med 1 800 respektive 1 400 arter som har en stark anknytning dit, och ytterligare flera hundra arter som förekommer där mer sporadiskt. De faktorer som påverkar flest rödlistade arter i Sverige är skogsavverkning och igenväxning, som båda utgör ett hot mot vardera ca 30 % av de rödlistade arterna. Avverkning minskar arealen av skog där naturliga strukturer och naturlig dynamik upprätthålls, och den orsakar därmed förlust av livsmiljöer. Igenväxning orsakas av ett antal faktorer, bland annat upphörande hävd (bete och slåtter), gödsling, trädplantering och brist på naturliga störningsregimer som t.ex. regelbundna översvämningar kring vattendrag och sjöar. Andra viktiga påverkansfaktorer är fiske, torrläggning av våtmarker, tillbakagång hos värdarter (främst alm och ask som drabbats av invasiva svampsjukdomar), klimatförändringar och konkurrens från invasiva arter. IUCN:s rödlisteindex beräknas för ett urval av de bedömda organismgrupperna. Rödlisteindex visar att skillnaderna mellan rödlistorna från 2000, 2005, 2010 och 2015 är små. Ett par undantag finns dock. Groddjur och stora däggdjur har fått en något förbättrad situation sedan 2000. Totalt förefaller det ändå som att trycket mot Sveriges artstock har förblivit relativt konstant under de senaste 15 åren.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Intervju med Karin Eriksson från Bräcke
- 1979
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Interview with Karin Eriksson from Bräcke, aged 67. The interview was conducted by the SSLIS students Margareta Andersson, Sigyn Franzén, Christina Jägerback, Sonja Karlsson, Anna-Lena Sandström, Karin Sjöstrand and Christina Wallén on January 10, 1979.
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| 5. |
- Giang, Kok Wai, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Trends in risk of recurrence after the first ischemic stroke in adults younger than 55 years of age in Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Stroke. - : SAGE Publications. - 1747-4930 .- 1747-4949. ; 11:1, s. 52-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Previous studies on stroke recurrence in younger adults often contain small sample size which makes it difficult to study trends in stroke recurrence over a long period of time. Aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate temporal trends in the risk of recurrence in younger patients with a first ischemic stroke. Methods: All men and women aged 18-54 years who had survived at least 28 days after a first ischemic stroke from 1987 to 2006 were identified in the Swedish Inpatient Register. The patients were stratified into four 5-year periods according to their admission period and were followed up for a total of four years after the index event with regard to recurrent ischemic stroke. A Cox regression model was used to analyze the risk of recurrent ischemic stroke. Results: Of the 17,149 ischemic stroke patients who were identified, 2432 (14.2%) had a recurrent ischemic stroke event within four years. From the first to the last periods (1987-1991 versus 2002-2006), the four-year risk of recurrent ischemic stroke decreased by 55% (hazard ratio 0.45, 95% confidence interval 0.39-0.53) in men and 59% (hazard ratio 0.41, 95% confidence interval, 0.33-0.50) in women. The cumulative four-year risk was 11.8% (95% CI 10.55-13.25) in men and 9.8% (95% CI 8.40-11.46) in women during the last five-year period (2002-2006). Conclusions: The risk of recurrence among younger ischemic stroke patients has decreased over the past 20 years. Despite these improvements, younger patients are still at a high risk for recurrent ischemic stroke.
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| 6. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 7. |
- Sederholm Lawesson, Sofia, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Association Between History of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Coronary Artery Disease Assessed by Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography.
- 2023
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Ingår i: JAMA. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 1538-3598 .- 0098-7484. ; 329:5, s. 393-404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adverse pregnancy outcomes are recognized risk enhancers for cardiovascular disease, but the prevalence of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis after these conditions is unknown.To assess associations between history of adverse pregnancy outcomes and coronary artery disease assessed by coronary computed tomography angiography screening.Cross-sectional study of a population-based cohort of women in Sweden (n=10528) with 1 or more deliveries in 1973 or later, ascertained via the Swedish National Medical Birth Register, who subsequently participated in the Swedish Cardiopulmonary Bioimage Study at age 50 to 65 (median, 57.3) years in 2013-2018. Delivery data were prospectively collected.Adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, preterm delivery, small-for-gestational-age infant, and gestational diabetes. The reference category included women with no history of these exposures.Coronary computed tomography angiography indexes, including any coronary atherosclerosis, significant stenosis, noncalcified plaque, segment involvement score of 4 or greater, and coronary artery calcium score greater than 100.A median 29.6 (IQR, 25.0-34.9) years after first registered delivery, 18.9% of women had a history of adverse pregnancy outcomes, with specific pregnancy histories ranging from 1.4% (gestational diabetes) to 9.5% (preterm delivery). The prevalence of any coronary atherosclerosis in women with a history of any adverse pregnancy outcome was 32.1% (95% CI, 30.0%-34.2%), which was significantly higher (prevalence difference, 3.8% [95% CI, 1.6%-6.1%]; prevalence ratio, 1.14 [95% CI, 1.06-1.22]) compared with reference women. History of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia were both significantly associated with higher and similar prevalence of all outcome indexes. For preeclampsia, the highest prevalence difference was observed for any coronary atherosclerosis (prevalence difference, 8.0% [95% CI, 3.7%-12.3%]; prevalence ratio, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.14-1.45]), and the highest prevalence ratio was observed for significant stenosis (prevalence difference, 3.1% [95% CI, 1.1%-5.1%]; prevalence ratio, 2.46 [95% CI, 1.65-3.67]). In adjusted models, odds ratios for preeclampsia ranged from 1.31 (95% CI, 1.07-1.61) for any coronary atherosclerosis to 2.21 (95% CI, 1.42-3.44) for significant stenosis. Similar associations were observed for history of preeclampsia or gestational hypertension among women with low predicted cardiovascular risk.Among Swedish women undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography screening, there was a statistically significant association between history of adverse pregnancy outcomes and image-identified coronary artery disease, including among women estimated to be at low cardiovascular disease risk. Further research is needed to understand the clinical importance of these associations.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Alahmadi, Fahad, et al.
(författare)
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Measures of adherence in patients with severe asthma prescribed systemic steroids in the U-BIOPRED cohort
- 2018
-
Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society. - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 52
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: Rates of sub-optimal adherence to medications in asthma range up to 70%; the impact in severe asthma is likely to be particularly high. We measured self-reported adherence in participants in the U-BIOPRED cohort prescribed daily prednisolone using the Medication Adherence Response Scale (MARS), and compared to measured urinary prednisolone and metabolites in order to determine: 1. the prevalence of suboptimal adherence by each method; 2. the ability of MARS to predict urinary steroid detection.Methods: Participants completed the MARS, and/or provided urine samples (analysed for prednisolone and metabolites by LCMS). The performance characteristics of the MARS predicting undetected urinary steroid were calculated in the subgroup having both tests.Results: 181 participants currently taking regular oral corticosteroids were included, 59% female, mean (SD) age 54(12)yrs, FEV1 64.7(20.4)% predicted. Sub-optimal adherence (MARS score < 4.5) was reported in 62 participants, and 76 did not have detectable urinary prednisolone or metabolites. Good adherence by both methods was detected in only 52 participants (34%, see table). There was no difference in daily prednisolone dose between detectable and undetectable metabolites groups (p=0.848).Conclusion: Low levels of adherence to treatment in severe asthma is a common problem, when measured either directly or self-reported. There was very poor agreement (48% concordance) between these two methods, and we suggest that, for now both approaches should be used.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Aronsson, Mora, et al.
(författare)
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Sveriges arter och naturtyper i EU:s art- och habitatdirektiv : Resultat från rapportering 2019 till EU av bevarandestatus 2013-2018
- 2020
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sverige har en variationsrik natur med storslagen fjällmiljö, myllrande våtmarker, vattendrag och sjöar, kust och hav, skogar och odlingslandskap, alla med ett rikt växt och djurliv. Den här fantastiska biologiska mångfalden tas ofta för given och ibland som en lyx, men oavsett vilket är det en förutsättning för vår överlevnad.2019 rapporterade Sverige statusen till EU för perioden 2013–2018 för de naturtyper och arter i Sverige som är listade i art- och habitatdirektivet. Den berättar att 20 procent av naturtyperna och 40 procent av arterna mår bra. Den biologiska mångfalden är hårt trängd i såväl Sverige som i andra EU-länder.Den här rapporten sammanfattar Sveriges rapportering och innehåller beskrivningar av status för naturtyper och arter, påverkan, hot och trender. Rapporten ger kunskap om tillståndet för den biologiska mångfalden i Sverige med hjälp av de arter och naturtyper som är listade i EU:s art- och habitatdirektiv.Rapporten visar hur naturmiljöerna i Sverige förändas, och sammanfattar den senaste kunskapen om vilka faktorer som driver dessa förändringar. Även exempel på hur vi genom restaurerings- och skötselåtgärder kan hejda förlusten av biologisk mångfald tas upp.
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| 13. |
- Baumgartner, Ruth, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of post-hepatectomy liver failure on morbidity and short- and long-term survival after major hepatectomy
- 2022
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Ingår i: BJS Open. - : Oxford University Press. - 2474-9842. ; 6:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is one of the most serious postoperative complications after hepatectomy. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the International Study Group of Liver Surgery (ISGLS) definition of PHLF on morbidity and short- and long-term survival after major hepatectomy. Methods This was a retrospective review of all patients who underwent major hepatectomy (three or more liver segments) for various liver tumours between 2010 and 2018 at two Swedish tertiary centres for hepatopancreatobiliary surgery. Descriptive statistics, regression models, and survival analyses were used. Results A total of 799 patients underwent major hepatectomy, of which 218 patients (27 per cent) developed ISGLS-defined PHLF, including 115 patients (14 per cent) with ISGLS grade A, 76 patients (10 per cent) with grade B, and 27 patients (3 per cent) with grade C. The presence of cirrhosis, perihilar cholangiocarcinoma, and gallbladder cancer, right-sided hemihepatectomy and trisectionectomy all significantly increased the risk of clinically relevant PHLF (grades B and C). Clinically relevant PHLF increased the risk of 90-day mortality and was associated with impaired long-term survival. ISGLS grade A had more major postoperative complications compared with no PHLF but failed to be an independent predictor of both 90-day mortality and long-term survival. The impact of PHLF grade B/C on long-term survival was no longer present in patients surviving the first 90 days after surgery. Conclusions The presently used ISGLS definition for PHLF should be reconsidered regarding mortality as only PHLF grade B/C was associated with a negative impact on short-term survival; however, even ISGLS grade A had clinical implications. The aim was to assess the ISGLS criteria for post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) in a cohort of patients with major hepatectomy. The presently used ISGLS definition for PHLF should be reconsidered regarding mortality as only PHLF grade B/C was associated with a negative impact on short-term survival.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Björck, Lena, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Trends in survival of Swedish men and women with heart failure from 1987 to 2014: a population-based case-control study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Esc Heart Failure. - : Wiley. - 2055-5822. ; 9:1, s. 486-495
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims To compare trends in short-term and long-term survival of patients with heart failure (HF) compared with controls from the general population. Methods and results We used data from the Swedish National Inpatient Registry to identify all patients aged >= 18 years with a first recorded diagnosis of HF between 1 January 1987 and 31 December 2014 and compared them with controls matched on age and sex from the Total Population Register. We included 702 485 patients with HF and 1 306 183 controls. In patients with HF aged 18-64 years, short-term (29 days to 6 months) and long-term mortality (>11 years) decreased from 166 and 76.6 per 1000 person-years in 1987 to 2000 to 99.6 and 49.4 per 1000 person-years, respectively, in 2001 to 2014. During the same period, mortality improved marginally, in those aged >= 65 years: short-time mortality from 368.8 to 326.2 per 1000 person-years and long-term mortality from 219.6 to 193.9 per 1000 person-years. In 1987-2000, patients aged <65 years had more than three times higher risk of dying at 29 days to 6 months, with an hazard ratio (HR) of 3.66 [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.46-3.87], compared with controls (P < 0.0001) but substantially higher in 2001-2014 with an HR of 11.3 (95% CI 9.99-12.7, P < 0.0001). HRs for long-term mortality (6-10 and >11 years) increased moderately from 2.49 (95% CI 2.41-2.57) and 3.16 (95% CI 3.07-3.24) in 1987-2000 to 4.35 (95% CI 4.09-4.63) and 4.11 (95% CI 3.49-4.85) in 2001-2014, largely because survival among controls improved more than that among patients with HF (P < 0.0001). Conclusions Absolute survival improved in HF patients aged <65 years, but only marginally so in those aged >= 65 years. Compared with controls, both short-term and long-term relative risk of dying increased, especially in younger patients with HF.
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| 16. |
- Chand, Damini, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Cell culture and Drosophila model systems define three classes of anaplastic lymphoma kinase mutations in neuroblastoma.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Disease models & mechanisms. - Cambridge, UK : The Company of Biologists. - 1754-8411 .- 1754-8403. ; 6:2, s. 373-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neuroblastoma is a childhood extracranial solid tumor which is associated with a number of genetic changes. Included in these genetic alterations are mutations in the kinase domain of the Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), which have been found in both somatic and familial neuroblastoma. In order to treat patients accordingly required characterisation of these mutations in terms of their response to ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Here, we report the identification and characterisation of two novel neuroblastoma ALK mutations (A1099T and 1464STOP) which we have investigated together with several previously reported but uncharacterised ALK mutations (T1087I, D1091N, T1151M, M1166R, F1174I and A1234T). In order to understand the potential role of these ALK mutations in neuroblastoma progression we have employed cell culture based systems together with the model organism Drosophila as a readout for ligand-independent activity. Mutation of ALK at position F1174I generates a gain-of-function receptor capable of activating intracellular targets, such as ERK (extracellular signal regulated kinase) and STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) in a ligand independent manner. Analysis of these previously uncharacterised ALK mutants and comparison with ALK(F1174) mutants suggests that ALK mutations observed in neuroblastoma fall into three classes. These are: (i) gain-of-function ligand independent mutations such as ALK(F1174), (ii) kinase-dead ALK mutants, e.g. ALK(I1250T)(Schonherr et al 2011a) or (iii) ALK mutations which are ligand-dependent in nature. Irrespective of the nature of the observed ALK mutants, in every case the activity of the mutant ALK receptors could be abrogated by the ALK inhibitor crizotinib (PF-02341066, Xalkori), albeit with differing levels of sensitivity.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Elenius, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Whose landscapes it anyway? : A multidisciplinary study on the concept of landscapes, and its potential to bridge the gap between social and ecological systems
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the paper is to explore, within a multidisciplinary context, in which way the relation between indigenous people and protected nature, such as national parks, are interpreted from the perspective of different theories with a holistic approach:• Is there a consistent theory that can explain the post-modern role of indigenous people within nature and landscape?• In which way can theories within different disciplines be combined in order to do multi-disciplinary research?• Which methods shall be used in order to achieve results?The researchers come from the disciplines of history, political science and law. Our case is the Sámi within the reindeer herding area of Norway, Sweden and Finland.From an historical perspective much of the winning from natural resources around the world is the result of the former colonial systems and Western dominion. In that way, the dynamics of landscapes is part of a global power system that is remote from the indigenous people, who lived in that landscape with their own perceptions of nature and natural resource management at the time when the colonists came to dominate. With the de-colonisation of power relations after the Second World War, the role of indigenous populations within nature has been reinterpreted, acknowledging social as well as cultural aspects of indigenous traditions and customary rights. In the same time the concept of "nature" has shifted to "landscape" and the concept of "wilderness" has changed to the more cultivated and urban notion of "park" for leisure activities (Hägerstrand 1991; Mels 1999; Svensson 2000; Saltzman 2001; Wramner&Nygård 2010). These changes comprise not only biophysical elements of nature, but also human (socio-cultural) elements including land uses and infrastructures, but also aesthetic values such as scenic beauty. One recent example of policy shift is the adoption of the European Landscape Convention from 2000 negotiated within the Council of Europe. In Sweden it enters into force in May 2011. It will form yet another tool for protecting nature and cultural areas, defined as "landscapes", touching upon judicial issues such as the rights to land and landscapes but also around political ideas on what type of activity that should be preserved or prioritized in the management of the landscape. In relation to this policy shift there is a vivid debate on how landscapes could be managed e.g. through partnerships between national and local level actors to better accommodate local resource uses.The negotiation between different agents and groups, on the utilisation of natural resources and landscapes, is complex. To grasp this complexity different theories must be used in research, and also the encounter of different disciplines (Grgas&Larsen 1994; Harvey 1996; Hornborg&Pálsson 2000; Gunderson & Holling 2002; Berkhout et.al 2003; Sörlin&Warde 2009). In order to investigate the area of northern Fennoscandinavia these theories of land use must be combined with theories about ethnicity and indigenous rights, since the Sámi has a specific legal status. However, the exact statusand protection of the Sámi differs among the three countries. The understanding of their traditional land rights also differs, but in principle their customarily based rights are recognized, i.e. rights that are established by long-time possession and use. Concerning policy implementation related to resource uses in primarily remote areas, the legal rules comprise of a complex set of instruments regarding different aspects of nature conservation, physical planning and the Sámi traditional land use. This overlap consists on several levels; regionally, nationally and internationally. The EU law may be regarded as a part of national law since directives are implemented though national provisions and measures (Bengtsson 2004; Allard 2006). This is complicated even further by the fact that legislation and case law related to the Sámi vary in Norway, Sweden and Finland, thus also the connection between indigenous rights and the utilization of nature in a broad meaning (Sandell 2000; Beach 2000; Nyssönen 2004; Elenius 2006; Sandström 2008; Sande 2009). In this northern context a sustainable use of nature must also be connected to human rights values inscribed in a post-colonial discourse (Engerman&Metzer 2004; Igoe 2004; Elenius 2009).The paper is part of the multi-disciplinary Formas project "Indigenous rights and nature conservation in Fennoscandinavia" carried out 2010-2013 (Luleå University of Technology, Umeå University, Tromsö University). In the project three senior researchers (history, political science, law) and two doctoral candidates (history, political science) is investigating the parallel discources of indigenous rights and nature conservation within the reindeer herding area of Norway, Sweden and Finland.
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| 20. |
- Geissinger, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing the impact of the sharing economy on online commerce
- 2020
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Ingår i: ISPIM Conference Proceedings, Manchester: The International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to assess the impact of the sharing economy on ways in which online commerce is evolving. By utilising Social Media Analytics to systematically track the developments of the sharing economy visà-vis online commerce, we analyse an empirical material of 8,755 user-generated content covering a time period of 24 months. Our findings illustrate that the sharing economy fuels platforms focusing attention to sharing commerce but also platforms engaged in social commerce and more general forms of e-commerce. Furthermore, our findings show the sectors in which sharing commerce, social commerce and general forms of e-commerce have become particularly prevalent. The paper contributes to previous literature by providing a systematic empirical contribution on the impact of the sharing economy on the evolution of online commerce and by conceptually explaining why the sharing economy gives rise to a relatively wide plethora of online commerce initiatives.
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| 21. |
- Geissinger, Andrea, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing the impact of the sharing economy on the evolution of online commerce
- 2020
-
Ingår i: ISPIM Conference Proceedings. - Manchester : The International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM). - 9789523354654
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to assess the impact of the sharing economy on ways in which online commerce is evolving. By utilising Social Media Analytics to systematically track the developments of the sharing economy visà-vis online commerce, we analyse an empirical material of 8,755 user-generated content covering a time period of 24 months. Our findings illustrate that the sharing economy fuels platforms focusing attention to sharing commerce but also platforms engaged in social commerce and more general forms of e-commerce. Furthermore, our findings show the sectors in which sharing commerce, social commerce and general forms of e-commerce have become particularly prevalent. The paper contributes to previous literature by providing a systematic empirical contribution on the impact of the sharing economy on the evolution of online commerce and by conceptually explaining why the sharing economy gives rise to a relatively wide plethora of online commerce initiatives.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Geissinger, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing user perceptions of the interplay between the sharing, access, platform and community- based economies
- 2020
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Ingår i: Information Technology and People. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0959-3845 .- 1758-5813. ; 33:3, s. 1037-1051
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Digitally intermediated peer-to-peer exchanges have accelerated in occurrence, and as a consequence, they have introduced an increased pluralism of connotations. Accordingly, this paper aims to assess user perceptions of the interplay between the sharing, access, platform, and community-based economies.Design/methodology/approach: The sharing, access, platform, and community-based economies have been systematically tracked in the social media landscape using Social Media Analytics (SMA). In doing so, a total material of 62,855 publicly posted user-generated content concerning the four respective economies were collected and analyzed.Findings: Even though the sharing economy has been conceptually argued to be interlinked with the access, platform, and community-based economies, the empirical results of the study do not validate this interlinkage. Instead, the results regarding user perceptions in social media show that the sharing, access, platform, and community-based economies manifest as clearly separated.Originality/value: This paper contributes to existing literature by offering an empirical validation, as well as an in-depth understanding, of the sharing economy's interlinkage to other economies, along with the extent to which the overlaps between these economies manifest in social media.
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| 24. |
- Geissinger, Andrea, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Gigging in the sharing economy
- 2018
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Ingår i: Reshaping Work 2018 conference.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Gigs define temporary works performed by individuals in various settings (Bogenhold, Klinglmair, & Kandutsch, 2017; Healy, Nicholson, & Pekarek, 2017; Horney, 2016; Lehdonvirta, 2018). Coined in the 1920s, its long tradition relates to music and art performers and their acting on stage. It represents some sort of temporality, meaning that the exact same task may not appear again, at least not in the same surrounding. Recent trends in business life have redefined work (cf. Öberg, 2012), have brought forth such concepts as freelance and gig economies to portray individuals as self-employed and the mentioned temporality of task (Gandini, 2016; Janofsky, 2015).At the rise of the sharing economy, that is, peer-to-peer based exchanges accomplished by digital platforms (e.g., Belk, 2014), the providing parties’ operations could well be seen as gigs intermediated online, but facilitated offline in temporary exchanges with users. The development of the sharing economy includes an increased plurality in ways to operate though (Mair & Reischauer, 2017), not the least underlined by how the peer-to-peer exchanges have sometimes turned into ways to earn living by the providing parties. This paper sets to investigate this phenomenon by particularly focusing on how various stakeholders – internal and external actors with direct or indirect influence or participation in the exchanges (cf. Freeman, 1984) – comprehend this development. The purpose of the paper is to categorize various stakeholders’ viewpoints and their influence on the understanding of gigs in the sharing economy.Empirically, the paper departs from two social-media data sets: one describing Uber, the other one Foodora, as two examples of sharing economy platforms. The data sets comprises more than 30,000 social media posts. The paper analyses how the providing side of these platforms is reported on in social media also taking into account who (type of stakeholder) posts about them. Preliminary findings indicate how the providing side, albeit both studied platforms would be characterized as highly commercialized, demonstrate quite different results related to those work conditions actually at hand. While this being the case, the data reveals a shared pattern of negative connotation across stakeholder groups, with them influencing one another across the social media. The negative descriptions do, as opposed to learnings from traditional stakeholder theory, indicate expressions well beyond stakes and influences by the particular stakeholder group: a user may well engage in talks about legal regulations, for instance, while it would had been expected to mostly engage with services provided, payments, and deliveries.The paper contributes to previous research in several ways: Firstly, the sharing economy literature is still mainly focused on the user side of sharing, meaning that this paper fills an empirical hole in its perspective. Secondly, the methodological approach taken allows for a broad, but also integrated capturing of individual stakeholders’ understanding of the phenomenon. Hence, it includes both the definition of various stakeholder groups and how they may influence one another. Thirdly, and as the theoretical contribution, the paper provides understanding for stakeholders, their influence and participation in digital settings, and particularly how influences and viewpoints of stakeholders become separated from their participation.
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| 25. |
- Geissinger, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
-
How sustainable is the sharing economy? On the sustainability connotations of sharing economy platforms
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 206, s. 419-429
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sharing economy has evolved and spread to various sectors of the economy. Its early idea linked to the creation of more sustainable uses of resources. Since then, the development of the sharing economy has included a professionalization with self-employed suppliers rather than peers, and the question is whether the platforms following this development maintain the focus on sustainability. This paper describes and classifies the sustainability connotation of sharing economy platforms. It analyses 121 platforms derived through social media analytics to figure out whether they describe themselves as sustainable. The findings suggest that the sustainability connotation closely connects to specific sectors such as fashion, on-demand services and logistics. Meanwhile, the dominant role model platforms do not communicate about being sustainable. These findings contribute to previous research through (1) giving a systematic empirical account on the way various sharing economy platforms describe themselves in terms of sustainability, (2) pointing out the differences among the platforms, and (3) indicating the diversity in sustainability connotation among various sectors of the economy.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Geissinger, Andrea, 1987-
(författare)
-
Platforms in Liquid Modernity : Essays about the Sharing Economy, Digital Platforms, and Institutions
- 2021
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The year 2020 feels like the beginning of a crescendo of change. As environmental and social challenges reach an all-time high, the organization of our societies is coming under scrutiny. We, as a society, turn to technology to reinvent the organization of social life after disruptive episodes. Inspired by Bauman's theorizing to describe the cultural and societal zeitgeist, this thesis explains the institutionalization of one of the most promising alternative forms of organization of the past decade: the sharing economy.Comprised of nine essays centered around three focal areas: (1) Organizational change, (2) Market change, and (3) Societal change, this thesis aims to explain the institutionalization of digital sharing platforms in liquid modern society.This thesis finds that digital sharing platforms act as societal organizers on several dimensions of “in-betweenness.” As this moment in time can also be characterized as a period of “interregnum”—another moment of in-betweenness—where old structures are continuously disrupted but no clear new path has emerged, digital platform providers fill a structural void in our highly individualized society. Digital platform providers use community as an anchor, a belief, and sets of practices to create an emerging (intermediary) institution around which different forms of organization manifest.Digital sharing platforms have, however, remained a grace note on systemic change: ornamental and practically non-essential. Still, digital platforms are setting new norms in all areas of organizational, market, and societal life. By evoking both elements of community and market, digital platforms are playing an important part in creating a symphony of our future societal order.
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| 30. |
- Geissinger, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
-
Social media analytics for innovation management research : A systematic literature review and future research agenda
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Technovation. - : Elsevier. - 0166-4972 .- 1879-2383. ; 123
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New trends in innovation management may require new research methods. Social media analytics (SMA)—a method for capturing and analyzing data from user-generated content published on online platforms—has emerged as a complement or even alternative to more traditional research methods. This article systematically reviews and assesses the use of SMA and its potential for innovation management research. Our results show that use of SMA is still in an emergent phase, although it has become increasingly popular over the past decade. Our literature review illustrates that SMA provides new opportunities for innovation management scholars to enhance customer-, market-, technology-, and society-focused innovation research in several ways. In this paper we develop a research agenda and suggest areas for future research using SMA in innovation management.
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| 31. |
- Geissinger, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
-
Social media analytics for knowledge acquisition of market and non-market perceptions in the sharing economy
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Knowledge Management. - : Emerald. - 1758-7484 .- 1367-3270. ; 25:2, s. 500-512
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Using the case of Foodora, this paper aims to assess the impact of technological innovation of an emerging actor in the sharing economy through stakeholders' perceptions in the market and non-market domains. Design/methodology/approach Using a methodological approach called social media analytics (SMA) to explore the case of Foodora, 3,250 user-generated contents in social media are systematically gathered, coded and analysed. Findings The findings indicate that, while Foodora appears to be a viable provider in the marketplace, there is mounting public concern about the working conditions of its employees. In the market domain, Foodora manages its status as an online delivery platform and provider well, but at the same time, it struggles with its position in the non-market sphere, suggesting that the firm is vulnerable to regulatory change. These insights highlight the importance of simultaneously exploring and balancing market and non-market perceptions when assessing the impact of disruptive innovation. Originality/value This study offers originality by providing an integrative approach to consider both the market and non-market domains. It is also novel in its use of SMA as a tool for knowledge acquisition and management to evaluate the impact of emerging technologies in the sharing economy.
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| 32. |
- Geissinger, Andrea, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
-
The sharing economy and the transformation of work : evidence from Foodora
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Personnel review. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0048-3486 .- 1758-6933. ; 51:2, s. 584-602
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This article explores the various stakeholders' perceptions of the ways digital work is organised within the sharing economy and the social implications of the transformation of work.Design/methodology/approach: Applying social media analytics (SMA) concerning the sharing economy platform Foodora, a total of 3,251 user-generated content was collected and organised throughout the social media landscape in Sweden over 12 months, and 18 stakeholder groups were identified, discussing digital work within seven thematic categories.Findings: The results show that the stakeholder groups in the Swedish context primarily expressed negative views of Foodora's way of organising digital work. The social media posts outlined the distributive and procedural justice related to the working conditions, boycott and protests and critical incidents, as well as the collective bargaining of Foodora.Originality/value: By utilising a novel SMA method, this study contributes to the extant literature on the sharing economy by providing a systematic assessment concerning the impact of the sharing economy platform on the transformation of work and the associated social consequences.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Geissinger, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
-
The sharing economy as an entrepreneurial evolution of electronic commerce
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Digital Entrepreneurship and the Sharing Economy. - New York : Routledge. - 9781032038148 - 9780367472405 - 9781003036821 ; , s. 72-87
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sharing economy draws attention to new forms of commerce, which, as we argue, call for a revised definition of entrepreneurship. In this chapter, we link the development of entrepreneurship to three types of commerce, electronic, social and sharing commerce, to understand an evolutionary development, yet also search for common and contrasting denominators of the sharing economy related to these types of commerce. The purpose of the chapter is to assess the impact of the sharing economy on how entrepreneurship has evolved. We systematically track the developments of the sharing economy vis-à-vis commerce using social media analytics. Our findings indicate how a revised definition of entrepreneurship would need to expand from non-social, non-digital, non-transfers of ownership, to social, digital exchanges, also pointing to how the sharing economy is represented across various types of commerce. The chapter contributes to previous literature by providing a systematic empirical account of the impact of the sharing economy on the evolution of entrepreneurship and conceptually explaining why the sharing economy gives rise to a relatively wide plethora of commerce initiatives and the need to expand the definition of entrepreneurship.
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| 35. |
- Geissinger, Andrea, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
-
Tracking the institutional logics of the sharing economy
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Handbook of the Sharing Economy. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781788110549 - 9781788110532 ; , s. 177-192
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter explores field-level logics associated with the sharing economy and how these logics can be categorized in relation to different characteristic features of that economy. It thereby links together core principles of the sharing economy-the access, platform and community-based economy-with market and non-market orders so as to create a better understanding for those tensions being part of the sharing economy and how they can be overcome. Empirically, the chapter analyzes 7362 social media posts and defines field-level logics through juxtaposing the core principles with market/non-market orders. Six field-level logics are identified: abundance, scarcity, profit, sustainability, global and local logics. The sorting tool of these field-level logics and their associated institutional orders provides clarity in relation to the blurred concepts of accessing, sharing and transferring; the variety of motives of users/consumers; and the reasons for parties to provide their services within the sharing economy. The chapter also contributes to previous research through linking together field-level logics with orders to create understandings for logics on phenomena levels and specifically related to the sharing economy.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
-
Indigenous Rights in Moders Landscapes : Nordic Conservation Regimes in Global Context
- 2017
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book examines the diverse use of Indigenous customary rights in modern landscapes from a multidisciplinary perspective. Divided into two parts, the first deals explicitly with Sámi customary rights in relation to nature conservation in the Nordic countries and Russia from a legal and historical perspective. The authors investigate how longstanding Sámi customary territorial rights have been reassessed in the context of new kinds of legislation regarding Indigenous people. They also look at the ideas behind the historical models of nature conservation. The second part deals with the ideas and implementation of new kinds of postcolonial models of nature conservation. The case of the Sámi is compared with other Indigenous people internationally with cases from Australia, New Zealand, Canada and India. The work investigates how the governance of protected areas has been influenced by the principles of equality and positive discrimination, and how it has affected the possibilities of establishing adaptive co-management arrangements for specific areas. How the legal situation of Indigenous peoples has been recognised in an international context is also investigated. The volume provides a multidisciplinary analysis of how the customary livelihood of Indigenous people has adapted to modern industrialised landscapes and also how postcolonial approaches have contributed to global changes of Indigenous rights and nature conservation models.
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| 39. |
- Labori, Knut Jørgen, et al.
(författare)
-
Neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX versus upfront surgery for resectable pancreatic head cancer (NORPACT-1) : a multicentre, randomised, phase 2 trial
- 2024
-
Ingår i: The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology. - : The Lancet Group. - 2468-1253. ; 9:3, s. 205-217
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundIn patients undergoing resection for pancreatic cancer, adjuvant modified fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) improves overall survival compared with alternative chemotherapy regimens. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX with the standard strategy of upfront surgery in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.MethodsNORPACT-1 was a multicentre, randomised, phase 2 trial done in 12 hospitals in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden. Eligible patients were aged 18 years or older, with a WHO performance status of 0 or 1, and had a resectable tumour of the pancreatic head radiologically strongly suspected to be pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Participants were randomly assigned (3:2 before October, 2018, and 1:1 after) to the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group or upfront surgery group. Patients in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group received four neoadjuvant cycles of FOLFIRINOX (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2, irinotecan 180 mg/m2, leucovorin 400 mg/m2, and fluorouracil 400 mg/m2 bolus then 2400 mg/m2 over 46 h on day 1 of each 14-day cycle), followed by surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients in the upfront surgery group underwent surgery and then received adjuvant chemotherapy. Initially, adjuvant chemotherapy was gemcitabine plus capecitabine (gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 over 30 min on days 1, 8, and 15 of each 28-day cycle and capecitabine 830 mg/m2 twice daily for 3 weeks with 1 week of rest in each 28-day cycle; four cycles in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group, six cycles in the upfront surgery group). A protocol amendment was subsequently made to permit use of adjuvant modified FOLFIRINOX (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2, irinotecan 150 mg/m2, leucovorin 400 mg/m2, and fluorouracil 2400 mg/m2 over 46 h on day 1 of each 14-day cycle; eight cycles in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group, 12 cycles in the upfront surgery group). Randomisation was performed with a computerised algorithm that stratified for each participating centre and used a concealed block size of two to six. Patients, investigators, and study team members were not masked to treatment allocation. The primary endpoint was overall survival at 18 months. Analyses were done in the intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol populations. Safety was assessed in all patients who were randomly assigned and received at least one cycle of neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02919787, and EudraCT, 2015-001635-21, and is ongoing.FindingsBetween Feb 8, 2017, and April 21, 2021, 77 patients were randomly assigned to receive neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX and 63 to undergo upfront surgery. All patients were included in the ITT analysis. For the per-protocol analysis, 17 (22%) patients were excluded from the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group (ten did not receive neoadjuvant therapy, four did not have pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and three received another neoadjuvant regimen), and eight (13%) were excluded from the upfront surgery group (seven did not have pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and one did not undergo surgical exploration). 61 (79%) of 77 patients in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group received neoadjuvant therapy. The proportion of patients alive at 18 months by ITT was 60% (95% CI 49–71) in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group versus 73% (62–84) in the upfront surgery group (p=0·032), and median overall survival by ITT was 25·1 months (95% CI 17·2–34·9) versus 38·5 months (27·6–not reached; hazard ratio [HR] 1·52 [95% CI 1·00–2·33], log-rank p=0·050). The proportion of patients alive at 18 months in per-protocol analysis was 57% (95% CI 46–67) in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group versus 70% (55–83) in the upfront surgery group (p=0·14), and median overall survival in per-protocol population was 23·0 months (95% CI 16·2–34·9) versus 34·4 months (19·4–not reached; HR 1·46 [95% CI 0·99–2·17], log-rank p=0·058). In the safety population, 42 (58%) of 73 patients in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group and 19 (40%) of 47 patients in the upfront surgery group had at least one grade 3 or worse adverse event. 63 (82%) of 77 patients in the neoadjuvant group and 56 (89%) of 63 patients in the upfront surgery group had resection (p=0·24). One sudden death of unknown cause and one COVID-19-related death occurred after the first cycle of neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX. Adjuvant chemotherapy was initiated in 51 (86%) of 59 patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group and 44 (90%) of 49 patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in the upfront surgery group (p=0·56). Adjuvant modified FOLFIRINOX was given to 13 (25%) patients in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group and 19 (43%) patients in the upfront surgery group. During adjuvant chemotherapy, neutropenia (11 [22%] patients in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group and five [11%] in the upfront surgery group) was the most common grade 3 or worse adverse event.InterpretationThis phase 2 trial did not show a survival benefit from neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX in resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma compared with upfront surgery. Implementation of neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX was challenging. Future trials on treatment sequencing in resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma should be biomarker driven.
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| 40. |
- Labori, Knut Jørgen, et al.
(författare)
-
Neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX versus upfront surgery for resectable pancreatic head cancer (NORPACT-1) : a multicentre, randomised, phase 2 trial
- 2024
-
Ingår i: The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology. - : Elsevier. - 2468-1253. ; 9:3, s. 205-217
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In patients undergoing resection for pancreatic cancer, adjuvant modified fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) improves overall survival compared with alternative chemotherapy regimens. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX with the standard strategy of upfront surgery in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Methods: NORPACT-1 was a multicentre, randomised, phase 2 trial done in 12 hospitals in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden. Eligible patients were aged 18 years or older, with a WHO performance status of 0 or 1, and had a resectable tumour of the pancreatic head radiologically strongly suspected to be pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Participants were randomly assigned (3:2 before October, 2018, and 1:1 after) to the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group or upfront surgery group. Patients in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group received four neoadjuvant cycles of FOLFIRINOX (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2, irinotecan 180 mg/m2, leucovorin 400 mg/m2, and fluorouracil 400 mg/m2 bolus then 2400 mg/m2 over 46 h on day 1 of each 14-day cycle), followed by surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients in the upfront surgery group underwent surgery and then received adjuvant chemotherapy. Initially, adjuvant chemotherapy was gemcitabine plus capecitabine (gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 over 30 min on days 1, 8, and 15 of each 28-day cycle and capecitabine 830 mg/m2 twice daily for 3 weeks with 1 week of rest in each 28-day cycle; four cycles in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group, six cycles in the upfront surgery group). A protocol amendment was subsequently made to permit use of adjuvant modified FOLFIRINOX (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2, irinotecan 150 mg/m2, leucovorin 400 mg/m2, and fluorouracil 2400 mg/m2 over 46 h on day 1 of each 14-day cycle; eight cycles in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group, 12 cycles in the upfront surgery group). Randomisation was performed with a computerised algorithm that stratified for each participating centre and used a concealed block size of two to six. Patients, investigators, and study team members were not masked to treatment allocation. The primary endpoint was overall survival at 18 months. Analyses were done in the intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol populations. Safety was assessed in all patients who were randomly assigned and received at least one cycle of neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02919787, and EudraCT, 2015-001635-21, and is ongoing.Findings: Between Feb 8, 2017, and April 21, 2021, 77 patients were randomly assigned to receive neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX and 63 to undergo upfront surgery. All patients were included in the ITT analysis. For the per-protocol analysis, 17 (22%) patients were excluded from the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group (ten did not receive neoadjuvant therapy, four did not have pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and three received another neoadjuvant regimen), and eight (13%) were excluded from the upfront surgery group (seven did not have pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and one did not undergo surgical exploration). 61 (79%) of 77 patients in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group received neoadjuvant therapy. The proportion of patients alive at 18 months by ITT was 60% (95% CI 49–71) in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group versus 73% (62–84) in the upfront surgery group (p=0·032), and median overall survival by ITT was 25·1 months (95% CI 17·2–34·9) versus 38·5 months (27·6–not reached; hazard ratio [HR] 1·52 [95% CI 1·00–2·33], log-rank p=0·050). The proportion of patients alive at 18 months in per-protocol analysis was 57% (95% CI 46–67) in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group versus 70% (55–83) in the upfront surgery group (p=0·14), and median overall survival in per-protocol population was 23·0 months (95% CI 16·2–34·9) versus 34·4 months (19·4–not reached; HR 1·46 [95% CI 0·99–2·17], log-rank p=0·058). In the safety population, 42 (58%) of 73 patients in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group and 19 (40%) of 47 patients in the upfront surgery group had at least one grade 3 or worse adverse event. 63 (82%) of 77 patients in the neoadjuvant group and 56 (89%) of 63 patients in the upfront surgery group had resection (p=0·24). One sudden death of unknown cause and one COVID-19-related death occurred after the first cycle of neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX. Adjuvant chemotherapy was initiated in 51 (86%) of 59 patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group and 44 (90%) of 49 patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in the upfront surgery group (p=0·56). Adjuvant modified FOLFIRINOX was given to 13 (25%) patients in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group and 19 (43%) patients in the upfront surgery group. During adjuvant chemotherapy, neutropenia (11 [22%] patients in the neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX group and five [11%] in the upfront surgery group) was the most common grade 3 or worse adverse event.Interpretation: This phase 2 trial did not show a survival benefit from neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX in resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma compared with upfront surgery. Implementation of neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX was challenging. Future trials on treatment sequencing in resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma should be biomarker driven.
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| 41. |
- Letterstål, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Postoperative mobilization of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 48:6, s. 560-568
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim. This paper reports on a study which aimed to evaluate the effects of structured written preoperative information on patients’ postoperative psychological and physical wellbeing after surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).Background. The possible benefits of current booklets written by professionals on postoperative psychological and physical wellbeing in patients with AAA are unknown. Previous studies have shown that preoperative information has a favourable effect on both mood state and physical mobilization.Method. Fifty-two patients admitted for elective repair of AAA were selected consecutively and randomized to receive only verbal (control group), or verbal and written information in booklet form (experimental group). The booklet contained procedural and sensory information about the disease and its treatment. Two questionnaires were used to establish whether the booklet had any effect on perceived health, psychological and physical wellbeing postoperatively.Results. The two groups were similar regarding their perceived health but differed significantly regarding psychological wellbeing pre- and postoperatively. Patients in the experimental group were significantly sadder both pre- and postoperatively compared with those in the control group. Both groups were similar in postoperative physical wellbeing.Conclusion. This group of patients often has asymptomatic disease, with a short interval between diagnosis and major surgery. When patients receive an information booklet during this period, this seems to cause more worries than anticipated. Hence, a more supportive educational programme might benefit this patient group, both pre- and postoperatively.
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| 42. |
- Li, Yunguo, et al.
(författare)
-
Impurity effects on the grain boundary cohesion in copper
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Physical Review Materials. - : American Physical Society. - 2475-9953. ; 1:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Segregated impurities at grain boundaries can dramatically change the mechanical behavior of metals, while the mechanism is still obscure in some cases. Here, we suggest a unified approach to investigate segregation and its effects on the mechanical properties of polycrystalline alloys using the example of 3sp impurities (Mg, Al, Si, P, or S) at a special type Sigma 5(310)[001] tilt grain boundary in Cu. We show that for these impurities segregating to the grain boundary, the strain contribution to the work of grain boundary decohesion is small and that the chemical contribution correlates with the electronegativity difference between Cu and the impurity. The strain contribution to the work of dislocation emission is calculated to be negative, while the chemical contribution is calculated to be always positive. Both the strain and chemical contributions to the work of dislocation emission generally become weaker with the increasing electronegativity from Mg to S. By combining these contributions together, we find, in agreement with experimental observations, that a strong segregation of S can reduce the work of grain boundary separation below the work of dislocation emission, thus embrittling Cu, while such an embrittlement cannot be produced by a P segregation because it lowers the energy barrier for dislocation emission relatively more than for work separation.
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| 43. |
- Lindblom, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Interspecies plasmid transfer appears rare in sequential infections with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 0732-8893 .- 1879-0070. ; 93:4, s. 380-385
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- From a cohort of 1836 Swedish patients infected with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (EPE) during 2004-2014, 513 patients with recurrent EPE infection were identified. Only in 14 of the 513 patients was a change of species (ESBL-E. coli to ESBL-K. pneumoniae or vice versa) found between the index and subsequent infection. Eleven sequential urine isolates from 5 of the 14 patients were available for further analysis of possible transfer of ESBL-carrying plasmids. The plasmid content was studied using optical DNA mapping (ODM), PCR-based replicon typing, and ESBL gene sequencing. ODM allowed us to directly compare whole plasmids between isolates and found similar ESBL-carrying plasmids in 3 out of the 5 patients. The ODM results and the rarity in shift of species between ESBL-E. coli and ESBL-K. pneumoniae imply that in recurrent EPE infections interspecies plasmid transfer is uncommon. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 44. |
- McAllister, Anita, et al.
(författare)
-
Learning in the tutorial group: A balance between individual freedom and institutional control
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0269-9206 .- 1464-5076. ; 28:1-2, s. 47-59
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study investigates factors in problem-based learning tutorial groups which promote or inhibit learning. The informants were tutors and students from speech-language pathology and physiotherapy programmes. Semi-structured focus-group interviews and individual interviews were used. Results revealed three themes: Responsibility, Time and Support. Under responsibility, the delicate balance between individual and institutional responsibility and control was shown. Time included short and long-term perspectives on learning. Under support, supporting documents, activities and personnel resources were mentioned. In summary, an increased control by the program and tutors decreases students motivation to assume responsibility for learning. Support in tutorial groups needs to adapt to student progression and to be well aligned to tutorial work to have the intended effect. A lifelong learning perspective may help students develop a meta-awareness regarding learning that could make tutorial work more meaningful.
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| 45. |
- McAllister, Anita, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
-
Learning in the tutorial group – a challenge between freedom and control
- 2011
-
Ingår i: The Third International Conference on Problem Based Learning in Speech Language Pathology and Audiology. - Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: In order to improve and clarify the demands within tutorial groups in the speech and language pathology (SLP) and physiotherapy (PT) programs a joint study was conducted exploring problem areas in the tutorial groups. The aim was to investigate and further develop the requirements for a passing grade in the tutorial group. A long term goal was that the results could form a base for future changes regarding instructions and requirements in tutorial groups. Methodology: Focus-group interviews were used to collect data. Three different groups were interviewed, two consisting of tutors from the SLP and PT programs and one consisting of last year student tutors from the SLP-program. This data was also augmented by individual interviews of four SLP-students and five PT-students on different levels in the education. A semi structured interview guide was used. The interviews were analyzed using content analyses. Results: The analyses revealed three important themes for work in tutorial groups: Responsibility, Time and Support. Within these themes, several categories were also identified. Responsibility: Within this theme the main category was the importance of balance between individual and institutional responsibility. The students, the tutorial group, the tutor and the program all need to assume their part of the responsibility in order to clarify requirements. Time: Here different aspects of time management and work in the tutorial group were identified. These categories also related to aspects of support and continuous or lifelong learning. Support: Within this theme different support functions were identified such as documents, activities and personnel resources in the tutorial groups. No suggestions were made in the interviews regarding the requirements for a passing grade in the tutorial groups. Discussion/Conclusion: The main finding was the delicate balance between institutional control and the students own responsibility for the work within the tutorial groups. An increased control decreases the students’ motivation to assume responsibility for their own learning. Also, study programs should adapt requirements in tutorial groups depending on years in the education. Different support functions need to be closely coupled to tutorial work in order to have the intended effect.
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| 46. |
- Nykvist, Rasmus, 1985-
(författare)
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Essays on the interaction between regulation and technology : Understanding agency and context through multiple levels of inquiry
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A key challenge for implementing pioneering regulatory and technological change includes overcoming regulatory constraints and resistance from vested interest groups in favor of the status quo. This is a compilation dissertation comprising five papers and one covering paper that aims to describe and explain the interaction between agency and context under conditions of combined technological and regulatory change through multiple levels of inquiry. To do this I studied the case of pioneering technological and regulatory changes taking place in and around the Stockholm Stock Exchange (SSE) and Options Mäklarna (OM) between 1978 and 1998. The dissertation explores the dynamics of pioneering change by asking (1) what the conditions enabling pioneering change in the financial exchanges sector are and (2) why the actors in and around the Swedish financial exchanges were able to enact pioneering technological and regulatory change. To answer these questions I created a data set comprising data from various archives and witness accounts from complementary oral history interviews with key actors. I structured this data set around a relational database and analyzed the data using a mix of methods from business history and process study methodology from organization studies.My research indicates that the pioneering regulatory and technological change happened as the result of a combination of several enabling conditions and the agency of the key change agents present at the two financial exchanges, that is, SSE and OM respectively. As such, the dissertation emphasizes multiple perspectives from which the change needs to be understood. The dissertation contributes to extant literature by (1) highlighting the role of cities in providing enabling conditions for digital and institutional entrepreneurship, (2) emphasizing the role of peer interaction in pioneering changes in organizational forms, and (3) introducing the role of joint commitments in achieving a favorable social evaluation. The dissertation further recommends that innovative policymakers help others in favor of change to deal with resourceful vested interest groups.
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| 47. |
- Pena, Cristina, et al.
(författare)
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STC1 Expression By Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Drives Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer
- 2013
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - : American Association for Cancer Research. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 74:4, s. 1287-1297
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor signaling is a major functional determinant of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). Elevated expression of PDGF receptors on stromal CAFs is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis, but mechanism(s) that underlie these connections are not understood. Here, we report the identification of the secreted glycoprotein stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) as a mediator of metastasis by PDGF receptor function in the setting of colorectal cancer. PDGF-stimulated fibroblasts increased migration and invasion of cocultured colorectal cancer cells in an STC1-dependent manner. Analyses of human colorectal cancers revealed significant associations between stromal PDGF receptor and STC1 expression. In an orthotopic mouse model of colorectal cancer, tumors formed in the presence of STC1-deficient fibroblasts displayed reduced intravasation of tumor cells along with fewer and smaller distant metastases formed. Our results reveal a mechanistic basis for understanding the contribution of PDGF-activated CAFs to cancer metastasis. Cancer Res; 73(4); 1287-97.
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| 48. |
- Ring, Irene, et al.
(författare)
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Chapter 6: Options for governance and decision-making across scales and sectors
- 2018
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Ingår i: IPBES. - Bonn : Secretariat of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem services. - 9783947851089 ; , s. 661-802
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Within the generic scope of the Regional Assessments of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, the key policy‑relevant questions of the Europe and Central Asia Assessment concern options and opportunities with regard to biodiversity and ecosystem services and their role for human well-being. The assessment examines the opportunities for sectoral policies and policy instruments; managing production, consumption and economic development; and ecological infrastructures and ecological technologies. It explores opportunities to promote food security, economic development and equality while avoiding land and aquatic degradation and conserving cultural landscapes.
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| 49. |
- Ring, Irene, et al.
(författare)
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Options for governance and decision-making across scales and sectors
- 2018
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Ingår i: The IPBES regional assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services for Europe and Central Asia. - Bonn : Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES). - 9783947851089 ; , s. 661-802
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 50. |
- Sandström, Anette, et al.
(författare)
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Exercise capacity in adult patients with tetralogy of Fallot
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology Congenital Heart Disease. - : Elsevier. - 2666-6685. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: On a group level, patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot have impaired exercise capacity. Since exercise capacity is related to prognosis, and more patients survive into higher age, it is important to know the expected exercise capacity at different ages. Furthermore, factors associated with exercise capacity and the relation between exercise capacity and mortality need further evaluation.Methods: The national register of congenital heart disease was searched for exercise tests in adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot. The results from exercise tests were compared with national reference data.Results: 314 patients were identified (median age 33.2 [IQR 24.8-44.7], 40.8% women). The mean percent of predicted workload was 74.8 (±19.6) % without change across ages. In multivariable analysis, NYHA class I (odds ratio [OR]4.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]1.7-10.0) and higher physical activity level (>3 h/week) (OR 3.6, 95%CI 1.8-7.3) were positively associated with higher exercise capacity, while ongoing cardiovascular therapy (OR 0.4, 95%CI 0.2-0.7) and male sex (OR 0.3, 95%CI 0.2-0.6) were negatively associated with higher exercise capacity. Both exercise capacity (HR 0.96, 95%CI 0.93-0.98) and heart rate reserve (HR 0.96, 95%CI 0.94-0.98) were associated with mortality.Conclusions: In patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot the exercise capacity was approximately 75% of expected, regardless of age. Patients with better NYHA class and high physical activity level had a higher exercise capacity. Low exercise capacity and low heart rate reserve were associated with higher mortality. Therefore, evaluating exercise capacity as part of follow up is of importance.
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