| 1. |
- Arnäs, Per-Olof, 1969, et al.
(författare)
-
Vi måste utbilda framtidens ingenjörer på ett nytt sätt
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Ny Teknik. ; , s. 4-4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Hur ska vi möta en alltmer komplex samhällsutveckling när det är massproduktion av arbetskraft som premieras? Digitaliseringen kullkastar logiken i vårt utbildningssystem, skriver Per Olof Arnäs och Christian Sandström på Chalmers.
|
|
| 2. |
- Cnattingius, Sven, et al.
(författare)
-
The Swedish medical birth register during five decades : documentation of the content and quality of the register
- 2023
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 38:1, s. 109-120
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pregnancy-related factors are important for short- and long-term health in mothers and offspring. The nationwide population-based Swedish Medical Birth Register (MBR) was established in 1973. The present study describes the content and quality of the MBR, using original MBR data, Swedish-language and international publications based on the MBR. The MBR includes around 98% of all births in Sweden. From 1982 onwards, the MBR is based on prospectively recorded information in standardized antenatal, obstetric, and neonatal records. When the mother and infant are discharged from hospital, this information is forwarded to the MBR, which is updated annually. Maternal data include information from first antenatal visit on self-reported obstetric history, infertility, diseases, medication use, cohabitation status, smoking and snuff use, self-reported height and measured weight, allowing calculation of body mass index. Birth and neonatal data include date and time of birth, mode of delivery, singleton or multiple birth, gestational age, stillbirth, birth weight, birth length, head circumference, infant sex, Apgar scores, and maternal and infant diagnoses/procedures, including neonatal care. The overall quality of the MBR is very high, owing to the semi-automated data extraction from the standardized regional electronic health records, Sweden's universal access to antenatal care, and the possibility to compare mothers and offspring to the Total Population Register in order to identify missing records. Through the unique personal identity numbers of mothers and live-born offspring, the MBR can be linked to other health registers. The Swedish MBR contains high-quality pregnancy-related information on more than 5 million births during five decades.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Dahlqvist Leinhard, Olof, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
Quantifying differences in hepatic uptake of the liver specific contrast agents Gd-EOB-DTPA and Gd-BOPTA : a pilot study
- 2012
-
Ingår i: European Radiology. - : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084. ; 22:3, s. 642-653
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives To develop and evaluate a procedure for quantifying the hepatocyte-specific uptake of Gd-BOPTA and Gd-EOB-DTPA using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI. Methods Ten healthy volunteers were prospectively recruited and 21 patients with suspected hepatobiliary disease were retrospectively evaluated. All subjects were examined with DCE-MRI using 0.025 mmol/kg of Gd-EOB-DTPA. The healthy volunteers underwent an additional examination using 0.05 mmol/kg of Gd-BOPTA. The signal intensities (SI) of liver and spleen parenchyma were obtained from unenhanced and enhanced acquisitions. Using pharmacokinetic models of the liver and spleen, and an SI rescaling procedure, a hepatic uptake rate, K Hep, estimate was derived. The K Hep values for Gd-EOB-DTPA were then studied in relation to those for Gd-BOPTA and to a clinical classification of the patient’s hepatobiliary dysfunction. Results K Hep estimated using Gd-EOB-DTPA showed a significant Pearson correlation with K Hep estimated using Gd-BOPTA (r = 0.64; P < 0.05) in healthy subjects. Patients with impaired hepatobiliary function had significantly lower K Hep than patients with normal hepatobiliary function (K Hep = 0.09 ± 0.05 min-1 versus K Hep = 0.24 ± 0.10 min−1; P < 0.01). Conclusions A new procedure for quantifying the hepatocyte-specific uptake of T 1-enhancing contrast agent was demonstrated and used to show that impaired hepatobiliary function severely influences the hepatic uptake of Gd-EOB-DTPA. Key Points • The liver uptake of contrast agents may be measured with standard clinical MRI. • Calculation of liver contrast agent uptake is improved by considering splenic uptake. • Liver function affects the uptake of the liver-specific contrast agent Gd-EOB-DTPA. • Hepatic uptake of two contrast agents (Gd-EOB-DTPA, Gd-BOPTA) is correlated in healthy individuals. • This method can be useful for determining liver function, e.g. before hepatic surgery
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Mouratidou, Natalia, et al.
(författare)
-
Identification of Childhood-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Swedish Healthcare Registers : A Validation Study
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Clinical Epidemiology. - : Dove Medical Press Ltd.. - 1179-1349. ; 14, s. 591-600
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The Swedish National Patient Register (NPR) is often used in observational studies of childhood-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (<18 years of age) and its subtypes, but the validity of previously used register-based algorithms for capturing childhood-onset IBD has never been examined.Methods: We identified a random sample of 233 individuals with at least two first ever diagnostic listings of IBD in the NPR between 2002 and 2014. We calculated the test characteristics for different register-based definitions of IBD and its subtypes using the Copenhagen criteria and the revised Porto criteria as gold standard, both based on medical chart review. We made assumptions of the occurrence of undiagnosed IBD in the general child population based on available literature.Results: Out of 233 individuals with at least two diagnostic listings of IBD, 216 had true IBD, resulting in a positive predictive value (PPV) = 93% (95% confidence interval (CI) 89-96), sensitivity = 88% (95% CI 83-92), specificity = 100% (95% CI 100-100), and negative predictive value (NPV) = 100% (95% CI 100-100). The PPV for the NPR-based definitions of IBD subtypes at time of first IBD diagnosis and at end of follow-up were 78% (95% CI 69-86) and 88% (95% CI 80-94), respectively, for Crohn's disease and 74% (95% CI 63-83) and 71% (95% CI 60-80), respectively, for ulcerative colitis.Conclusion: The validity of register-based definitions of childhood-onset IBD in the Swedish NPR is high and can be used to identify patients in observational research.
|
|
| 11. |
- Namatovu, Fredinah, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Neighborhood conditions and celiac disease risk among children in Sweden
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 42:7, s. 572-580
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To investigate celiac disease (CD) clustering at different geographical levels and to examine the association between neighborhood demographic and socioeconomic conditions and the risk of neighborhood CD.Methods: We included 2080 children diagnosed with CD between 1998 and 2003, identified from 43 of the 47 reporting hospitals in Sweden. A total of 8036 small area market statistics (SAMS) areas were included; these were nested in 253 municipalities that were further nested into eight ‘nomenclature of territorial units for statistics’ (NUTS) 2 regions. We performed multilevel logistic regression analyses.Results: We found the highest geographical variation in CD incidence at the municipality level, compared to the region level. The probability of having CD increased in the statistical areas of (SAMS) areas with higher average annual work income, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.24 and 95% CI of 1.76–2.85. Reduced CD risk in neighborhoods was associated with higher average age (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.95–0.97), higher proportion of residents with a university education (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.97–0.99), and higher level of industrial and commercial activity (OR 0.59; 95% CI 0.44–0.82). We found no significant association between CD risk and population density, proportion of Nordic to non-Nordic inhabitants, nor share of the population with only a compulsory education.Conclusions: Neighborhood composition influences CD risk. This is one of the first attempts to identify factors explaining geographical variation in CD.
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
- Stjernström, Olof, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Multi-level planning and conflicting interests in the forest landscape
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Globalisation and change in forest ownership and forest use. - London : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9781137571168 - 9781137571151 ; , s. 225-259
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter describes and analyses overlapping planning structures and multi-level planning issues and how they affect current land use and management in the forest landscape. Forest land use in Sweden is based on a large proportion of privately owned forests with the primary purpose of producing timber for the forest industries. Nevertheless, the forests are also characterised by multiple uses and many stakeholders (economic as well as ecological and social) who express themselves and relate to forest management. In this chapter, we present a number of methods, both traditional and more recent, for managing multiple use of the forest landscape. These range from physical planning and the Swedish Right of Public Access to Natura 2000, forest certification, reindeer-husbandry plans, and scenario techniques.
|
|
