| 1. |
- Anckarsäter, Henrik, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Autism spectrum disorders in institutionalized subjects.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 62:2, s. 160-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- What do we know about the prevalence and the specific features of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) among subjects in forensic psychiatry and special youth centres? A clinical case series consisting of 42 subjects with ASD, recruited from three well-characterized populations in forensic psychiatry and special youth care, was used to determine: 1) the prevalence of ASD in these institutions (at least 13%), 2) the distribution of diagnostic criteria in this special population (mostly social interaction and communication problems, few or atypical flexibility problems), 3) the degree of comorbidity (the rule rather than the exception), 4) neuropsychological test profiles (lowered IQ with uneven profiles), 5) types of crimes and offences (very heterogeneous, often stress-related with dissociated features), 6) mental health care needs (high), and 7) special clinical features (especially expressions of flexibility deficits in non-classical areas and proneness to dissociation). This descriptive study indicates that ASD is a clinically relevant problem among forensic populations that has to be considered in diagnostics, assessments of needs and treatment planning.
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| 2. |
- Anckarsäter, Henrik, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalences and configurations of mental disorders among institutionalized adolescents.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Developmental Neurorehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1751-8423 .- 1751-8431. ; 10:1, s. 57-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To assess prevalence figures for psychiatric disorders among institutionalized adolescents due to behavioural problems and/or delinquency. METHOD: Participants were recruited from consecutive referrals to/or treated at two Swedish adolescent units, SIS1 (n = 60) and SIS2 (n = 70) with ranging age of 12-20.3 years (mean age = 16.2; SD = 1.8) during 1 year. Clinical and diagnostic information was used to generate DSM-IV diagnoses. RESULTS: One or several neuropsychiatric disorders were diagnosed in 53% of all subjects: 39% met DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD), 15% for a pervasive developmental disorder (referred to as autism spectrum disorders, ASDs) and 8% had a mental retardation (referred to as a learning disability, LD). The collapsed prevalence for psychiatric disorders requiring specialist attention was 66%, counting severe depression and psychotic disorders but not substance use. About one in three of all adolescents in the study were given psychopharmacological treatment. CONCLUSION: Published studies and this clinical survey clearly indicate that systematic studies of mental health needs among institutionalized adolescents are warranted to form the basis of adequate treatment and support measures.
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| 3. |
- Sabel, Magnus, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of physically active video gaming on cognition and activities of daily living in childhood brain tumor survivors: a randomized pilot study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Neuro Oncology Practice. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2054-2577 .- 2054-2585. ; 4:2, s. 98-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Physical activity can enhance cognitive functions in both animals and humans. We hypothesized that physically active video gaming could: i) improve cognitive functions and ii) improve the execution of activities of daily living among survivors of childhood brain tumors.Methods. Children 7 to 17 years old who completed treatment, including radiotherapy, for a brain tumor 1 to 5 years earlier were randomized to either intervention or waiting list. After 10 to 12 weeks the groups crossed over. The intervention consisted of active video gaming, using a motion-controlled video console (Nintendo Wii), for a minimum of 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week and weekly Internet-based coaching sessions. Evaluations before and after each period included tests of the execution of activities of daily living, using the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) and cognitive tests. Test scores before and after the intervention were compared. A parallel group comparison was performed as a sensitivity analysis.Results. All 13 children enrolled completed the program. Compared to baseline, the motor (P= .012) and process (P=.002) parts of AMPS improved significantly after active video gaming. In the parallel group analysis the improvement in the process part of AMPS remained statistically significant (P= .029), but not the change in AMPS motor score (P= .059). No significant change was found in cognitive tests although there were trends for improvement in sustained attention (P = .090) and selective attention (P = .078).Conclusion. In this pilot study, active video gaming used as a home-based intervention for childhood brain tumor survivors improved motor and process skills in activities of daily living.
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| 4. |
- Saury, Jean-Michel, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive consequences of the treatment of medulloblastoma among children.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Pediatric neurology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-5150 .- 0887-8994. ; 44:1, s. 21-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Progress in the treatment of medulloblastoma has resulted in increased survival among children. However, effective treatment, especially radiation therapy, produces negative consequences in the cognitive development of children, in terms of decreased intelligence quotients. Determining the factors underlying this decrease may influence the types of rehabilitation needed by children who undergo treatment for medulloblastoma. We review recent research on the impact of some factors that may underlie the cognitive deficits of pediatric and adolescent survivors, i.e., verbal comprehension, perceptual organization, attention, and processing speed. We assess eight pediatric survivors of medulloblastoma treatment with surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Children were assessed twice after diagnosis, using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition. A large decrease in cognitive capacity was evident, as measured by intelligence quotients and factor indices. A raw score analysis of 12 subtests was performed, indicating a slower acquisition of functions and knowledge in the domains of verbal comprehension, perceptual organization, social perception, and psychomotor skills. We discuss issues of social reintegration, and propose that the rehabilitation of pediatric patients must include a program for social reinsertion, in addition to psychoeducational support.
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| 5. |
- Saury, Jean-Michel, 1951
(författare)
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The phenomenology of negation
- 2009
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Ingår i: PHENOMENOLOGY AND THE COGNITIVE SCIENCES. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1568-7759 .- 1572-8676. ; 8:2, s. 245-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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