| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Bölling, T, et al.
(författare)
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Development of Curative Therapies for Ewing Sarcomas by Interdisciplinary Cooperative Groups in Europe.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Klinische Pädiatrie. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 1439-3824 .- 0300-8630. ; 227:3, s. 108-115
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Curative therapies for Ewing sarcoma have been developed within cooperative groups. Consecutive clinical trials have systematically assessed the impact and timing of local therapy and the activity of cytotoxic drugs and their combinations. They have led to an increase of long-term disease-free survival to around 70% in patients with localized disease. Translational research in ES remains an area in which interdisciplinary and international cooperation is essential for future progress. This article reviews current state-of-the art therapy, with a focus on trials performed in Europe, and summarizes novel strategies to further advance both the cure rates and quality of survival.
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| 4. |
- Gueorguieva, E., et al.
(författare)
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High-spin states in Au-191 : Evidence for triaxial shape?
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 68:5, s. 543081-5430814
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The level scheme of Au-191 was considerably extended to high spin using gamma spectroscopy with the Eurogam-II array and internal conversion measurements with the Orsay electron spectrometer. Several bands that appear as strongly coupled were associated with low- Omega configurations in Au-191 . Using total routhian surface and cranked shell model calculations it was shown that these bands have a rotation-aligned nature and are most likely generated by the nonaxiallity of the nucleus induced by the odd proton. The predictions for the presence of such bands in Au-191 and in the oblate nuclei in the Pt-Au-Hg region found excellent agreement with the experimental data, as well as the predictions for their alignments and band-crossing frequencies in Au-191 .
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| 5. |
- Gueorguieva, E., et al.
(författare)
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Sets of rotation-aligned bands indicating nonaxiality in Au-190
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 69:4, s. 044320-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The level scheme of Au-190 was extended up to high spin using gamma spectroscopy with the Eurogam-II array and internal conversion measurements with the electron- gamma spectrometer of Orsay. Several sets of rotation-aligned bands were found and associated with high- j, low- K configurations. According to the total Routhian surface and cranked shell model calculations these bands are caused by the nonaxiality of the nuclear deformation (gammaless than or equal to-70degrees). Furthermore, very good agreement was obtained between the experimental data and the theoretical predictions for the properties of these bands, such as alignments, band-crossing frequencies, and signature inversion, thus supporting the suggested nonaxial shapes.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Wisse, L. E.M., et al.
(författare)
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Downstream effects of polypathology on neurodegeneration of medial temporal lobe subregions
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta Neuropathologica Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2051-5960. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is a nidus for neurodegenerative pathologies and therefore an important region in which to study polypathology. We investigated associations between neurodegenerative pathologies and the thickness of different MTL subregions measured using high-resolution post-mortem MRI. Tau, TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), amyloid-β and α-synuclein pathology were rated on a scale of 0 (absent)—3 (severe) in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex (ERC) of 58 individuals with and without neurodegenerative diseases (median age 75.0 years, 60.3% male). Thickness measurements in ERC, Brodmann Area (BA) 35 and 36, parahippocampal cortex, subiculum, cornu ammonis (CA)1 and the stratum radiatum lacunosum moleculare (SRLM) were derived from 0.2 × 0.2 × 0.2 mm3 post-mortem MRI scans of excised MTL specimens from the contralateral hemisphere using a semi-automated approach. Spearman’s rank correlations were performed between neurodegenerative pathologies and thickness, correcting for age, sex and hemisphere, including all four proteinopathies in the model. We found significant associations of (1) TDP-43 with thickness in all subregions (r = − 0.27 to r = − 0.46), and (2) tau with BA35 (r = − 0.31) and SRLM thickness (r = − 0.33). In amyloid-β and TDP-43 negative cases, we found strong significant associations of tau with ERC (r = − 0.40), BA35 (r = − 0.55), subiculum (r = − 0.42) and CA1 thickness (r = − 0.47). This unique dataset shows widespread MTL atrophy in relation to TDP-43 pathology and atrophy in regions affected early in Braak stageing and tau pathology. Moreover, the strong association of tau with thickness in early Braak regions in the absence of amyloid-β suggests a role of Primary Age-Related Tauopathy in neurodegeneration.
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| 8. |
- Belenguer, Pascale, et al.
(författare)
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Mitochondria and the Brain : Bioenergetics and Beyond
- 2019
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Ingår i: Neurotoxicity Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1029-8428 .- 1476-3524. ; 36:2, s. 219-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The view of mitochondria acting solely as a powerhouse of the cell is no longer accurate. Besides cell bioenergetics, primary targets of mitochondrial studies include their interplay with essential processes within the cell, including redox and calcium homeostasis, and apoptosis. Recent studies evidence the dynamic behavior of mitochondria, continuously moving, fusing, and dividing, and the interaction of these events with cellular degeneration and plasticity in neural cells. Our review summarizes novel data and technologies that are developed and applied to the identification and clarification of the mitochondrial role in neural plasticity using both cultured cells and in vivo approaches. The complete understanding and modulation of such mechanisms may represent a novel and promising therapeutic approach for treatment of diseases affecting central and peripheral nervous system.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Lawrie, E. A., et al.
(författare)
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Possible chirality in the doubly-odd Tl-198 nucleus: Residual interaction at play
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 78:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A candidate for chiral bands was found in Tl-198 for the first time in a mass region of oblate (or nonaxial with gamma >= 30 degrees) deformed nuclei. Two bands show very similar quasiparticle alignments, moments of inertia, and B(M1)/B(E2) ratios. They have a relative excitation energy of about 500 keV and different patterns of energy staggering. Calculations using the two-quasiparticle-plus-triaxial-rotor model with residual proton-neutron interaction included show that a triaxial deformation with gamma similar to 44 degrees agrees very well with all the experimental observations. Furthennore, considerable energy staggering for both partner bands was calculated for this pi h(9/2) circle times vi(13/2)(-1) configuration at gamma - 30 degrees, suggesting that chiral bands may have substantial energy staggering.
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| 11. |
- Nguyen Ngoc, Hung, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical composition and morphology of individual aerosol particles from a CARIBIC flight at 10 km altitude between 50 degrees N and 30 degrees S
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research. - 2156-2202. ; 113:D23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analysis of individual particles by analytical electron microscopy as well as quantitative analysis using particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and particle elastic scattering analysis (PESA) were carried out on samples collected from a flight at 10 km altitude between 50 degrees N and 30 degrees S as part of the Civil Aircraft for Regular Investigation of the atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container (CARIBIC) project (http://www.caribic-atmospheric.com). Particle morphology showed large variability with sampling latitude. Complicated branched structures dominated the large particles of the extratropical northern and southern hemisphere and the northern tropics. Particles in the tropics of the southern hemisphere were small in size and large in number concentration, whereas particles in or close to the intertropical convergence zone were few and small in size. Particles in the lowermost stratosphere were found to have similar structures but more branched than the ones found in the upper troposphere of the extratropics. Quantitative analysis revealed that the sulfur concentration varied by a factor of 50 in the nine samples analyzed in this study. The carbon-to-sulfur mass concentration ratio was lowest in the lowermost stratosphere (0.5) and highest in the tropics of the southern hemisphere (3.5). The elemental distribution of carbon and sulfur in individual particles was mapped by energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM). Almost all particles analyzed contained a mixture of carbonaceous and sulfurous matter. Particles with satellites were found by EFTEM to contain both carbon and sulfur in the central particle, whereas in the satellite particles only carbonaceous material was detected.
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| 12. |
- Roh, Hyung S., et al.
(författare)
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Integrating Color Deconvolution Thresholding and Weakly Supervised Learning for Automated Segmentation of Neurofibrillary Tangle and Neuropil Threads
- 2023
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Ingår i: Medical Imaging 2023 : Digital and Computational Pathology - Digital and Computational Pathology. - 1605-7422. - 9781510660472 ; 12471
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abnormally phosphorylated tau proteins are known to be a major indicator of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) with strong association with memory loss and cognitive decline. Automated generation of pixel-wise accurate neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and neuropil threads (NTs) segmentation is a challenging task, due to lack of ground truth segmentation data of these abnormal tau pathology. This problem is most prominent in the case of segmenting NTs, where the small threadlike morphology makes pixel-wise labeling a laborious task and unrealistic for large-scale studies. Lack of ground truth data poses a significant limitation for many learning-based methods to generate accurate segmentations of NFTs and NTs. This work presents an automated pipeline for pixel level segmentation of NFTs and NTs that does not rely on ground truth segmentation data. The pipeline is composed of four main steps: (1) color deconvolution is used to separate histopathology images into staining channels (DAB, Hematoxylin, and Eosin), (2) Otsu's thresholding is used on the DAB stain channel to generate pixel level segmentation of abnormal tau proteins staining, (3) a weakly-supervised learning paradigm (WildCat), using only global descriptors of images, is used to generate density maps of potential regions of NFTs and NTs, and (4) density maps and segmentations are then integrated using connected component analysis to localize NFTs and NTs in the detected tau segmentations. Our results show high global classification accuracy for NFTs (Acc:0.96) and NTs (Acc:0.91), and statistically significant distinctions when evaluating the percent area occupied of the detected NTs relative to expert ratings of NTs severity. Qualitative assessment of the NFTs and NTs results showed accurate pixel-level segmentations of the NFTs, while modest performance for NTs.
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| 13. |
- Ruggeri, Kai, et al.
(författare)
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The globalizability of temporal discounting
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Human Behaviour. - : Springer Nature. - 2397-3374. ; 6:10, s. 1386-1397
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Economic inequality is associated with preferences for smaller, immediate gains over larger, delayed ones. Such temporal discounting may feed into rising global inequality, yet it is unclear whether it is a function of choice preferences or norms, or rather the absence of sufficient resources for immediate needs. It is also not clear whether these reflect true differences in choice patterns between income groups. We tested temporal discounting and five intertemporal choice anomalies using local currencies and value standards in 61 countries (N = 13,629). Across a diverse sample, we found consistent, robust rates of choice anomalies. Lower-income groups were not significantly different, but economic inequality and broader financial circumstances were clearly correlated with population choice patterns. Ruggeri et al. find in a study of 61 countries that temporal discounting patterns are globally generalizable. Worse financial environments, greater inequality and high inflation are associated with extreme or inconsistent long-term decisions.
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| 14. |
- Schuck, Sebastian D, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of T-cell antigens specific for latent mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
- 2009
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - San Fransisco, USA : Public Library Science. - 1932-6203. ; 4:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: T-cell responses against dormancy-, resuscitation-, and reactivation-associated antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are candidate biomarkers of latent infection in humans.Methodology/Principal findings: We established an assay based on two rounds of in vitro restimulation and intracellular cytokine analysis that detects T-cell responses to antigens expressed during latent M. tuberculosis infection. Comparison between active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients and healthy latently M. tuberculosis-infected donors (LTBI) revealed significantly higher T-cell responses against 7 of 35 tested M. tuberculosis latency-associated antigens in LTBI. Notably, T cells specific for Rv3407 were exclusively detected in LTBI but not in TB patients. The T-cell IFNgamma response against Rv3407 in individual donors was the most influential factor in discrimination analysis that classified TB patients and LTBI with 83% accuracy using cross-validation. Rv3407 peptide pool stimulations revealed distinct candidate epitopes in four LTBI.Conclusions: Our findings further support the hypothesis that the latency-associated antigens can be exploited as biomarkers for LTBI.
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| 15. |
- Slemr, F., et al.
(författare)
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CARIBIC observations of gaseous mercury in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Heavy Metals in the Environment. - : EDP Sciences. - 2100-014X. ; 1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A unique set of gaseous mercury measurements in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UT/LS) has been obtained during the monthly CARIBIC (www.caribic-atmospheric.com) flights since May 2005. The passenger Airbus 340-600 of Lufthansa covered routes to the Far East, North America, India, and the southern hemisphere. The accompanying measurements of CO, O3, NOy, H2O, aerosols, halocarbons, hydrocarbons, greenhouse gases, and several other parameters as well as backward trajectories enable a detailed analysis of these measurements. Speciation tests have shown that the CARIBIC measurements represent a good approximation of total gaseous mercury (TGM) concentrations. Above the tropopause TGM always decrease with increasing potential vorticity (PV) and O3 which implies its conversion to particle bound mercury. The observation of the lowest TGM concentrations at the highest particle concentrations in the stratosphere provides further evidence for such conversion. We will show how a seasonally dependent conversion rate could be derived using concomitantly measured SF6 mixing ratios as a timer. Tropospheric mercury data suggest the existence of a decreasing trend in the northern hemisphere whose size is comparable with the trend derived from long-term measurements by ship cruises, at Cape Point (South Africa) and Mace Head (Ireland).
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| 16. |
- Slemr, F., et al.
(författare)
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Gaseous mercury distribution in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere observed onboard the CARIBIC passenger aircraft
- 2009
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - 1680-7324. ; 9:6, s. 1957-1969
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Total gaseous mercury (TGM) was measured onboard a passenger aircraft during monthly CARIBIC flights (Civil Aircraft for Regular Investigation of the Atmosphere Based on an Instrumented Container) made between May 2005 and March 2007 on the routes Frankfurt-Sao Paulo-Santiago de Chile and back and Frankfurt-Guangzhou-Manila and back. The data provide for the first time an insight into the seasonal distributions of TGM in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UT/LS) of both hemispheres and demonstrate the importance of mercury emissions from biomass burning in the Southern Hemisphere. Numerous plumes were observed in the upper troposphere, the larger of which could be characterized in terms of Hg/CO emission ratios and their probable origins. During the flights to China TGM correlated with CO in the upper troposphere with a seasonally dependent slope reflecting the longer lifetime of elemental mercury when compared to that of CO. A pronounced depletion of TGM was always observed in the extratropical lowermost stratosphere. TGM concentrations there were found to decrease with the increasing concentrations of particles. Combined with the large concentrations of particle bond mercury in the stratosphere observed by others, this finding suggests either a direct conversion of TGM to particle bound mercury or an indirect conversion via a semivolatile bivalent mercury compound. Based on concurrent measurements of SF6 during two flights, the rate of this conversion is estimated to 0.4 ng m(-3) yr(-1). A zero TGM concentration was not observed during some 200 flight hours in the lowermost stratosphere suggesting an equilibrium between the gaseous and particulate mercury.
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| 17. |
- Vazquez, B, et al.
(författare)
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Perampanel and Pregnancy
- 2020
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Ingår i: NEUROLOGY. - 0028-3878. ; 94:15
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 18. |
- Vazquez, B, et al.
(författare)
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Perampanel and pregnancy
- 2021
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Ingår i: Epilepsia. - : Wiley. - 1528-1167 .- 0013-9580. ; 62:3, s. 698-708
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 19. |
- Wuestefeld, Anika, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of histological delineations of medial temporal lobe cortices by four independent neuroanatomy laboratories
- 2023
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The medial temporal lobe (MTL) cortex, located adjacent to the hippocampus, is crucial for memory and prone to the accumulation of certain neuropathologies such as Alzheimer's disease neurofibrillary tau tangles. The MTL cortex is composed of several subregions which differ in their functional and cytoarchitectonic features. As neuroanatomical schools rely on different cytoarchitectonic definitions of these subregions, it is unclear to what extent their delineations of MTL cortex subregions overlap. Here, we provide an overview of cytoarchitectonic definitions of the cortices that make up the parahippocampal gyrus (entorhinal and parahippocampal cortices) and the adjacent Brodmann areas (BA) 35 and 36, as provided by four neuroanatomists from different laboratories, aiming to identify the rationale for overlapping and diverging delineations. Nissl-stained series were acquired from the temporal lobes of three human specimens (two right and one left hemisphere). Slices (50 µm thick) were prepared perpendicular to the long axis of the hippocampus spanning the entire longitudinal extent of the MTL cortex. Four neuroanatomists annotated MTL cortex subregions on digitized (20X resolution) slices with 5 mm spacing. Parcellations, terminology, and border placement were compared among neuroanatomists. Cytoarchitectonic features of each subregion are described in detail. Qualitative analysis of the annotations showed higher agreement in the definitions of the entorhinal cortex and BA35, while definitions of BA36 and the parahippocampal cortex exhibited less overlap among neuroanatomists. The degree of overlap of cytoarchitectonic definitions was partially reflected in the neuroanatomists' agreement on the respective delineations. Lower agreement in annotations was observed in transitional zones between structures where seminal cytoarchitectonic features are expressed more gradually. The results highlight that definitions and parcellations of the MTL cortex differ among neuroanatomical schools and thereby increase understanding of why these differences may arise. This work sets a crucial foundation to further advance anatomically-informed human neuroimaging research on the MTL cortex.
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| 20. |
- Wuestefeld, Anika, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of histological delineations of medial temporal lobe cortices by four independent neuroanatomy laboratories
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Ingår i: Hippocampus. - 1050-9631.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The medial temporal lobe (MTL) cortex, located adjacent to the hippocampus, is crucial for memory and prone to the accumulation of certain neuropathologies such as Alzheimer's disease neurofibrillary tau tangles. The MTL cortex is composed of several subregions which differ in their functional and cytoarchitectonic features. As neuroanatomical schools rely on different cytoarchitectonic definitions of these subregions, it is unclear to what extent their delineations of MTL cortex subregions overlap. Here, we provide an overview of cytoarchitectonic definitions of the entorhinal and parahippocampal cortices as well as Brodmann areas (BA) 35 and 36, as provided by four neuroanatomists from different laboratories, aiming to identify the rationale for overlapping and diverging delineations. Nissl-stained series were acquired from the temporal lobes of three human specimens (two right and one left hemisphere). Slices (50 μm thick) were prepared perpendicular to the long axis of the hippocampus spanning the entire longitudinal extent of the MTL cortex. Four neuroanatomists annotated MTL cortex subregions on digitized slices spaced 5 mm apart (pixel size 0.4 μm at 20× magnification). Parcellations, terminology, and border placement were compared among neuroanatomists. Cytoarchitectonic features of each subregion are described in detail. Qualitative analysis of the annotations showed higher agreement in the definitions of the entorhinal cortex and BA35, while the definitions of BA36 and the parahippocampal cortex exhibited less overlap among neuroanatomists. The degree of overlap of cytoarchitectonic definitions was partially reflected in the neuroanatomists' agreement on the respective delineations. Lower agreement in annotations was observed in transitional zones between structures where seminal cytoarchitectonic features are expressed less saliently. The results highlight that definitions and parcellations of the MTL cortex differ among neuroanatomical schools and thereby increase understanding of why these differences may arise. This work sets a crucial foundation to further advance anatomically-informed neuroimaging research on the human MTL cortex.
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