| 1. |
- Bastos, Carlos A.P., et al.
(författare)
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Copper nanoparticles have negligible direct antibacterial impact
- 2020
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Ingår i: NanoImpact. - : Elsevier BV. - 2452-0748. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Soluble copper that can be acquired by bacteria is toxic and therefore antimicrobial. Whether nanostructured copper materials, in either disperse or agglomerated form, have antimicrobial impact, aside from that of their dissolution products, is not clear and was herein addressed. Methods: We took five nanostructured copper materials, two metallic, and three oxo-hydroxides with one of these being silicate-substituted. Four agglomerated in the bacterial growth media whilst the silicate-substituted material remained disperse and small (6.5 nm diameter). Antibacterial activity against E. coli was assessed with copper phase distribution measured over time. Using the dose of soluble copper, and benchmark dose non-linear regression modelling, we determined how well this phase predicted antimicrobial activity. Finally, we used Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) analysis to investigate whether membrane adhe- sion effects by copper were plausible or if intracellular uptake most likely explained the bacterial impact of copper. Results: Comparison over time of antimicrobial activity against particulate or soluble phases of the aquated materials clearly demonstrated that soluble copper but not particulate forms were associated with inhibition of bacterial growth. Indeed, the benchmark dose modelling showed the soluble dose required to cause a 50% reduction in E. coli growth was strongly clustered – for all particle formulations – at 14.5 mg/L (10–19 mg/L 90% confidence interval). By comparison, total copper levels associated with the same reduction in viability varied widely (45–549 mg/L). Finally, in favour of this soluble product dominance in terms of antimicrobial activity, copper had low association with bacterial membrane (something both soluble and particulate materials could do) but showed high intra-bacterial levels (something only soluble copper could do). Conclusion: Taken together our data show that it is the uptake of soluble but not particulate copper, and the intracellular loading not just contact and membrane association, that drives copper toxicity to bacteria. Therapeutic strategies for novel antimicrobial copper compounds should consider these findings.
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| 2. |
- Engström, Niklas, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Towards Celiac-safe foods: Decreasing the affinity of transglutaminase 2 for gliadin by addition of ascorbyl palmitate and ZnCl2 as detoxifiers
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322 .- 2045-2322. ; 7:77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Initiation of celiac disease is triggered in the gastrointestinal tract by transglutaminase 2 (TG2) assisted deamidation of gluten peptides. Deamidation is a side-reaction to transamidation and occurs if primary amines are absent. In contrast to deamidation, transamidation does not trigger an immune response. The aim of the study was to identify a suitable food additive that interacts with TG2 binding motives in gluten-derived peptides to prevent deamidation/transamidation. Homology modelling of alpha 2-gliadin and computational screening of compounds for their binding affinity to a common TG2 binding motive (P) QLP were done by using computational approaches followed by experimental testing of TG2 activity. A database containing 1174 potential food grade ligands was screened against the model of alpha 2-gliadin (27 out of 33 aa). Out of the five best ligands, ascorbyl palmitate, was observed to decrease TG2 transamidation of gliadin by 82% +/- 2%. To completely silence the transamidation, we added zinc chloride (ZnCl2), and thereby reached a 99% +/- 1% inhibition of TG2 activity. In addition, we conducted a pilot experiment in which ascorbyl palmitate was observed to decrease TG2 deamidation of gliadin completely. We propose ascorbyl palmitate in combination with ZnCl2 with the future perspective to become an additive in celiac-safe foods.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Ekstrand, Bo, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Brain foods - the role of diet in brain performance and health
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nutrition Reviews. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0029-6643 .- 1753-4887. ; 79:6, s. 693-708
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The performance of the human brain is based on an interplay between the inherited genotype and external environmental factors, including diet. Food and nutrition, essential in maintenance of brain performance, also aid in prevention and treatment of mental disorders. Both the overall composition of the human diet and specific dietary components have been shown to have an impact on brain function in various experimental models and epidemiological studies. This narrative review provides an overview of the role of diet in 5 key areas of brain function related to mental health and performance, including: (1) brain development, (2) signaling networks and neurotransmitters in the brain, (3) cognition and memory, (4) the balance between protein formation and degradation, and (5) deteriorative effects due to chronic inflammatory processes. Finally, the role of diet in epigenetic regulation of brain physiology is discussed.
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| 5. |
- Engström, Niklas, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Development of celiac-safe foods: prevention of transglutaminase 2 (TG2) deamidation of gluten in healthy non-celiac volunteers
- 2024
-
Ingår i: FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION. - 2296-861X. ; 11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In celiac disease, intestinal transglutaminase (TG2) produces immunogenic peptides by deamidation of gluten proteins. These products drive the celiac immune response. We have previously identified an interaction between gliadin and a food additive, E304i, which prevents gliadin processing (both deamidation and transamidation) by TG2, in vitro. In this study, we investigated if E304i could prevent TG2 processing of gluten in flours and if the effect was evident after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. We also confirmed the outcome in vivo in a human cross-over intervention study in healthy non-celiac participants. TG2 transamidation experiments (in vitro) of digested wheat and rye flours supplemented with E304i at 30 mg/g indicated full prevention of TG2 processing. In the intervention study, participant serum levels of deamidated gliadin peptides (dGDPs) increased after the intake of reference wheat rolls (80 g per day for a week; 41% +/- 4% compared to washout), while the intake of the intervention E304i/zinc sulfate wheat rolls generated a modest response (80 g per day for a week; 8 +/- 10% of control). The difference between the groups (32.8 +/- 15.6%) was significant (p = 0.00003, n = 9), confirming that E304i /zinc addition to wheat rolls prevented TG2 deamidation of gluten. In conclusion, this study shows that E304i /zinc addition to wheat rolls prevents TG2 deamidation of gluten in non-celiac participants.Clinical trial registration clinicaltrials.gov, identifier (NCT06005376).
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| 6. |
- Engström, Niklas, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Sourdough fermentation of wheat flour does not prevent the interaction of transglutaminase 2 with α2-gliadin or gluten.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643 .- 2072-6643. ; 7:4, s. 2134 - 2144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The enzyme transglutaminase 2 (TG2) plays a crucial role in the initiation of celiac disease by catalyzing the deamidation of gluten peptides. In susceptible individuals, the deamidated peptides initiate an immune response leading to celiac disease. Several studies have addressed lactic fermentation plus addition of enzymes as a means to degrade gluten in order to prevent adverse response in celiacs. Processing for complete gluten degradation is often harsh and is not likely to yield products that are of comparable characteristics as their gluten-containing counterparts. We are concerned that incomplete degradation of gluten may have adverse effects because it leads to more available TG2-binding sites on gluten peptides. Therefore, we have investigated how lactic acid fermentation affects the potential binding of TG2 to gluten protein in wheat flour by means of estimating TG2-mediated transamidation in addition to measuring the available TG2-binding motif QLP, in α2-gliadin. We show that lactic fermentation of wheat flour, as slurry or as part of sourdough bread, did not decrease the TG2-mediated transamidation, in the presence of a primary amine, to an efficient level (73%–102% of unfermented flour). Nor did the lactic fermentation decrease the available TG2 binding motif QLP in α2-gliadin to a sufficient extent in sourdough bread (73%–122% of unfermented control) to be useful for celiac safe food.
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| 7. |
- Gupta, Swarnim, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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The development of a novel ferric phytate compound for iron fortification of bouillons (part I)
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322 .- 2045-2322. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a series of two studies, we report the development (this study) and evaluation (part II) of a novel ferric phytate compound designed as a condiment iron fortificant. Condiments are used as iron fortification vehicles to reduce the prevalence of iron deficiency. The challenge for iron fortificants in e.g. a bouillon matrix is to avoid undesired sensory effects and to ensure a reasonable cost. We added phytic acid to chelate iron, and hydrolysed protein to counteract the inhibiting effect of phytic acid on iron bioaccessibility. We characterised four novel ferric phytate compounds, destabilised by hydrolysed plant protein or amino acids. Colour stability of fortified bouillons with ferric phytate compounds was superior to bouillons fortified with ferrous sulfate. The iron-phytate-hydrolysed corn protein compound (Fe-PAHCP) resulted in highest cellular ferritin induction in Caco-2 cells, in both vegetable (36.1 ± 13.40 ng/mg protein) and chicken (73.9 ± 19.93 ng/mg protein) bouillon matrices as observed in the human Caco-2/ HepG2 cell model. Iron uptake (as estimated by ferritin production) from the Fe-PA-HCP compound was about 55% (chicken bouillon) and 66% (vegetable bouillon) of the iron uptake from ferrous sulfate. Based on this study, the Fe-PA-HCP compound was chosen for further evaluation (part II).
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| 8. |
- Helena, Vieira, et al.
(författare)
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Current and Expected Trends for the Marine Chitin/Chitosan and Collagen Value Chains
- 2023
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Ingår i: Marine Drugs. - 1660-3397. ; 21:12
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chitin/chitosan and collagen are two of the most important bioactive compounds, with applications in the pharmaceutical, veterinary, nutraceutical, cosmetic, biomaterials, and other industries. When extracted from non-edible parts of fish and shellfish, by-catches, and invasive species, their use contributes to a more sustainable and circular economy. The present article reviews the scientific knowledge and publication trends along the marine chitin/chitosan and collagen value chains and assesses how researchers, industry players, and end-users can bridge the gap between scientific understanding and industrial applications. Overall, research on chitin/chitosan remains focused on the compound itself rather than its market applications. Still, chitin/chitosan use is expected to increase in food and biomedical applications, while that of collagen is expected to increase in biomedical, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and nutritional applications. Sustainable practices, such as the reuse of waste materials, contribute to strengthen both value chains; the identified weaknesses include the lack of studies considering market trends, social sustainability, and profitability, as well as insufficient examination of intellectual property rights. Government regulations, market demand, consumer preferences, technological advancements, environmental challenges, and legal frameworks play significant roles in shaping both value chains. Addressing these factors is crucial for seizing opportunities, fostering sustainability, complying with regulations, and maintaining competitiveness in these constantly evolving value chains.
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| 9. |
- Kamal-Eldin, A., et al.
(författare)
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Potential Negative Effects of Whole grain Consumption
- 2021
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Ingår i: Whole Grains and Health: Second Edition. - : Wiley.
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter discusses the acclaimed adverse effects of some constituents of whole grain cereals and their bran, including allergenic proteins and proteins that provoke food sensitivity; toxic effects of the heavy metal cadmium; phytate and phenolic compounds for their chelation of iron; and acrylamide, which is a heat- generated class II carcinogen. The possible adverse effects related to whole grain consumption are important to consider with increased consumption of whole grains and especially bran-rich fractions. Some of the cereal proteins may provoke immune responses causing allergies or trigger autoimmune responses leading to food sensitivity in genetically predisposed individuals. Gluten proteins, which is a collective name for glutamin and prolamin-rich proteins, such as gliadin in wheat, hordeins in barley and secalins in rye, may trigger celiac disease in genetically predisposed individuals carrying, for example, the HLA-DQ8 and/or HLA-DQ2 genotypes.
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| 10. |
- Landberg, Rikard, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Preface
- 2021
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Ingår i: Whole Grains and Health: Second Edition. - : Wiley. ; , s. vii-ix
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In an increasingly health-conscious society, the potential benefits of whole grain products are of paramount importance to manufacturers, dieticians, and consumers alike
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| 11. |
- Ofearghail, Fionn, 1994, et al.
(författare)
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A LCMS Metabolomic Workflow to Investigate Metabolic Patterns in Human Intestinal Cells Exposed to Hydrolyzed Crab Waste Materials
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-4185. ; 9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have developed a LCMS metabolomic workflow to investigate metabolic patterns from human intestinal cells treated with simulated gastrointestinal-digested hydrolyzed crab waste materials. This workflow facilitates smart and reproducible comparisons of cell cultures exposed to different treatments. In this case the variable was the hydrolysis methods, also accounting for the GI digestion giving an output of direct correlation between cellular metabolic patterns caused by the treatments. In addition, we used the output from this workflow to select treatments for further evaluation of the Caco-2 cell response in terms of tentative anti-inflammatory activity in the hopes to find value in the crab waste materials to be used for food products. As hypothesized, the treatment identified to change the cellular metabolomic pattern most readily, was also found to cause the greatest effect in the cells, although the response was pro-inflammatory rather than anti-inflammatory, it proves that changes in cellular metabolic patterns are useful predictors of bioactivity. We conclude that the developed workflow allows for cost effective, rapid sample preparation as well as accurate and repeatable LCMS analysis and introduces a data pipeline specifically for probe the novel metabolite patterns created as a means to assess the performing treatments.
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| 12. |
- Paula, Pongrac, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of hydrothermal processing and germination on Fe speciation and Fe bioaccessibility to human intestinal Caco-2 cells in Tartary buckwheat
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Food Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0308-8146 .- 1873-7072. ; 199, s. 782-790
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tartary buckwheat is a gluten-free crop with great potential as a wheat substitute. Iron (Fe) is an important mineral element in staple foods which is required in sufficient bioaccessible quantities. The aim of the study was to investigate how processing of grains into groats (hydrothermal processing to remove the husk) and sprouts (7-day-old seedlings) affected Fe speciation (Fe2+ or Fe3+), Fe ligand composition and Fe bioaccessibility to human Caco-2 cells. Groats contained the least Fe (23.8 ± 1.65 mg kg-1) and the lowest amounts of Fe2+ (8%). Grains and sprouts had comparable Fe concentrations (78.2 ± 2.65 and 68.9 ± 2.73 mg kg-1) and similar proportions of Fe2+ (15% and 18%). The main ligands for Fe in Tartary buckwheat material were phytate and citrate. Phytate was less abundant in sprouts, which did not correlate with greater Fe bioaccessibility. Iron bioaccessibility was 4.5-fold greater for grains than groats,suggesting that Fe is more bioaccessible in the husk than in the rest of the grain.
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| 13. |
- Poutanen, Kaisa S., et al.
(författare)
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Grains - a major source of sustainable protein for health
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nutrition Reviews. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0029-6643 .- 1753-4887. ; 80:6, s. 1648-1663
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cereal grains are the main dietary source of energy, carbohydrates, and plant proteins world-wide. Currently, only 41% of grains are used for human consumption, and up to 35% are used for animal feed. Cereals have been overlooked as a source of environmentally sustainable and healthy plant proteins and could play a major role in transitioning towards a more sustainable food system for healthy diets. Cereal plant proteins are of good nutritional quality, but lysine is often the limiting amino acid. When consumed as whole grains, cereals provide health-protecting components such as dietary fiber and phytochemicals. Shifting grain use from feed to traditional foods and conceptually new foods and ingredients could improve protein security and alleviate climate change. Rapid development of new grain-based food ingredients and use of grains in new food contexts, such as dairy replacements and meat analogues, could accelerate the transition. This review discusses recent developments and outlines future perspectives for cereal grain use.
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| 14. |
- Sandberg, Ann-Sofie, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Iron Supplements Containing Lactobacillus plantarum 299v Increase Ferric Iron and Up-regulate the Ferric Reductase DCYTB in Human Caco-2/HT29 MTX Co-Cultures
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643 .- 2072-6643. ; 10:Issue 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several human interventions have indicated that Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (L. plantarum 299v) increases intestinal iron absorption. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible effects of L. plantarum 299v on the mechanisms of iron absorption on the cellular level. We have previously shown that lactic fermentation of vegetables increased iron absorption in humans. It was revealed that the level of ferric iron [Fe (H2O)5]2+ was increased after fermentation. Therefore, we used voltammetry to measure the oxidation state of iron in simulated gastrointestinal digested oat and mango drinks and capsule meals containing L. plantarum 299v. We also exposed human intestinal co-cultures of enterocytes and goblet cells (Caco-2/HT29 MTX) to the supplements in order to study the effect on proteins possibly involved (MUC5AC, DCYTB, DMT1, and ferritin). We detected an increase in ferric iron in the digested meals and drinks containing L. plantarum 299v. In the intestinal cell model, we observed that the ferric reductase DCYTB increased in the presence of L. plantarum 299v, while the production of mucin (MUC5AC) decreased independently of L. plantarum 299v. In conclusion, the data suggest that the effect of L. plantarum 299v on iron metabolism is mediated through driving the Fe3+/DCYTB axis.
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| 15. |
- Sandberg, Ann-Sofie, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Phytic acid - Properties, Uses and Determination
- 2016
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Ingår i: Encyclopedia of Food and Health. - 9780123849533 ; , s. 365-368
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Phytate (InsP6) is important in plant nutrition as a means to store phosphorous, inositol and metals. For human nutrition, phytate is an anti-nutrient due to its properties, which make phytate an inhibitor of metal/mineral absorption. However, phytate and its lower inositol phosphates also play a role in cellular processes in human cells and have therefore attracted attention to their bioavailability and possible health benefits. To determine the nutritional and biological significance of different inositol phosphates, adequate methods for sample preparation and quantification are required.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Scheers, Nathalie, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Ascorbic acid uptake affects ferritin, Dcytb and Nramp2 expression in Caco-2 cells
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1436-6207 .- 1436-6215. ; 47:7, s. 401-408
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) enhances iron uptake in human intestinal cells. It is commonly believed that the enhancement is due to the capacity of ascorbic acid to reduce ferric iron to ferrous iron. Other suggestions have recently been made about the effects of ascorbic acid on the cellular metabolism of iron. These effects must be investigated for several reasons. One important issue is to study whether ascorbic acid has effects on iron metabolism in the absence of extracellular iron in the intestinal lumen. Aim of the study The aim of this investigation was to determine whether cellular uptake of ascorbic acid affects iron acquisition in the Caco-2 cell line. The possible event was investigated by studying the expression of the iron storage protein ferritin, the iron uptake protein Nramp2 and a duodenal ferric reductase Dcytb after incubating ascorbic acid deficient or ascorbic acid fed cells with iron and/or ascorbic acid. Methods The above stated interactions were studied in the human Caco-2 cell model. Cell lysates were collected and subjected to SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The blotted samples were stained with specific antibodies (Rabbit α-human-Nramp2 and Goat α-human Dcytb) against the respective proteins and the bands achieved were analysed by reflective density measurements. The cellular ferritin content was analysed with a commercial kit and the intracellular ascorbic acid concentration was measured by HPLC. Results The results indicate that ascorbic acid uptake induces both iron independent and iron dependent ferritin formation, but the effect on iron dependent ferritin expression was significantly greater (470% compared to 19%). Western Blot analyses revealed a long term down-regulating effect of ascorbic acid on iron independent and iron dependent Nramp2 and Dcytb expression. However, the down-regulation of Dcytb was in general more extensive than that of Nramp2 (31–50% compared to 8–29%). In a second study of short term Nramp2 and Dcytb expression, the results suggested that both proteins were significantly up-regulated by ascorbic acid, regardless of intracellular ascorbic acid status. However, the impact of iron alone on Nramp2 up-regulation seems to be greater in the absence of ascorbic acid. Conclusions The influence of intracellular ascorbic acid status on ferritin formation must be considered in iron uptake studies in Caco-2 cells. This could be a cause of diverging inter-laboratory results. The long term down-regulation of Nramp2 and Dcytb seems to correlate with results of human studies, where long term ascorbic acid supplementation does not affect iron status. Similarly, the short term up-regulation of Nramp2 and Dcytb seems to agree with the improvement in iron uptake shown in humans when single doses of ascorbic acid were administrated. These results are important for the understanding of the impact of ascorbic acid on iron status and will hopefully lead to further investigations on the matter.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Scheers, Nathalie, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Determination of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in aqueous solutions containing food chelators by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry
- 2010
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Ingår i: Electroanalysis. - : Wiley. - 1040-0397 .- 1521-4109. ; 22:10, s. 1090-1096
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective was to investigate interactions between iron and food chelators in an aqueous environment. The net complexation were investigated by DPASV in a NaClO4 electrolyte using a platinum electrode. The experimental conditions were simulating the environment of the human duodenum. The results indicated a net coordination affinity between Fe2+ and the organic acids in the following order; ascorbic acidphytate>pyruvate>lactate>acetate. For Fe3+ net complexation, the stability was in the order of lactate>phytate>pyruvate>acetate>citrate. In conclusion, DPASV in conjunction with a platinum electrode is suitable for studies in aqueous systems where the net complexation of metal is important.
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| 20. |
- Scheers, Nathalie, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Ferric citrate and ferric EDTA but not ferrous sulfate drive amphiregulin-mediated activation of the MAP kinase ERK in gut epithelial cancer cells
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Oncotarget. - : Impact Journals, LLC. - 1949-2553. ; 9:24, s. 7066-17077
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ferric chelates may be used as oral iron supplements or phosphate binders but both ferric citrate and ferric EDTA have been shown to promote tumor burden in murine models of colon cancer. Here we studied their effects on cancer cell growth, at typical supplemental iron levels encountered in the gastrointestinal tract (0.01-0.2 mM). Caco-2 and/or Hutu-80 cells were exposed to these forms of chelated iron or to ferrous sulfate and outcomes were assessed using cell proliferation assays, proteome profiler arrays, western blot, and ELISA. Ferric EDTA and ferric citrate increased cellular levels of the onco-protein amphiregulin and its receptor (EGFr) which in turn stimulated the activation of the MAP kinase ERK. Simultaneously, the expression of the negative Wnt regulator, DKK-1, increased suggesting that cell proliferation through the Wnt pathway may be less pronounced in the presence of ferric EDTA and ferric citrate, unlike for ferrous sulfate. Moreover, ferrous sulfate did not increase levels of cellular amphiregulin or EGFr. We conclude that specific iron compounds affect cell signaling differently and some may increase the risk of colon cancer advancement in an amphiregulin-dependent fashion. Further scrutiny of safe oral iron use is merited.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Scheers, Nathalie, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Increased iron bioavailability from lactic fermented vegetables is likely an effect of promoting the formation of ferric iron
- 2016
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1436-6207 .- 1436-6215. ; 55:1, s. 373-382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Lactic fermentation of foods increases the availability of iron as shown in a number of studies throughout the years. Several explanations have been provided such as decreased content of inhibitory phytate, increased solubility of iron, and increased content of lactic acid in the fermented product. However, to our knowledge, there are no data to support that the bioavailability of iron is affected by lactic fermentation. Objectives The objective of the present study was to investigate whether the bioavailability of iron from a vegetable mix was affected by lactic fermentation and to propose a mechanism for such an event, by conducting human and cell (Caco-2, HepG2) studies and iron speciation measurements (voltammetry). We also investigated whether the absorption of zinc was affected by the lactic fermentation. Results In human subjects, we observed that lactic-fermented vegetables served with both a high-phytate and low-phytate meal increased the absorption of iron, but not zinc. In vitro digested fermented vegetables were able to provoke a greater hepcidin response per ng Fe than fresh vegetables, indicating that Fe in the fermented mixes was more bioavailable, independent on the soluble Fe content. We measured that hydrated Fe3+ species were increased after the lactic fermentation, while there was no significant change in hydrated Fe2+. Furthermore, lactate addition to Caco-2 cells did not affect ferritin formation in response to Fe nor did lactate affect the hepcidin response in the Caco-2/HepG2 cell system. Conclusions The mechanism for the increased bioavailability of iron from lactic-fermented vegetables is likely an effect of the increase in ferric iron (Fe3+) species caused by the lactic fermentation. No effect on zinc bioavailability was observed.
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| 24. |
- Scheers, Nathalie, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Iron regulates the uptake of ascorbic acid and the expression of sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter 1 (SVCT1) in human intestinal Caco-2 cells
- 2011
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - 0007-1145 .- 1475-2662. ; 105:12, s. 1734-1740
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) has major effects on the intestinal uptake and utilisation of Fe in humans. The objective of the present study wasto investigate the impact of Fe on the acquisition of ascorbic acid. The strategy was to study the cellular uptake and transport of ascorbicacid in the presence of Fe and also to observe the expression of the Na-dependent vitamin C transporter 1 (SVCT1) protein in humanintestinal Caco-2 cells. SVCT1 is involved in the cellular uptake of ascorbic acid and is therefore a candidate for playing a role in the regulationof Fe utilisation. Caco-2 cells were cultured on transmembrane inserts in a three-compartment system followed by treatment withvarious combinations of FeCl2.4H2O (10–20mmol/l) and sodium ascorbate (150 mmol/l). ELISA and Western blot analyses revealedthat both SVCT1 and ferritin expressions were up-regulated in the presence of ascorbic acid in the basal compartment underneath thecells (10 and 22 %, respectively). Furthermore, when cells deficient in ascorbic acid were exposed to Fe, SVCT1 expression increasedsignificantly (23·7 %). The increase in SVCT1 expression correlated with an increase in ascorbic acid uptake (285 %) in Fe-treated cells,as indicated by the SVCT1 inhibitor quercetin. We conclude that Fe plays an important role in regulating the uptake of ascorbic acid inhuman intestinal Caco-2 cells. This new angle could change the conceptual thinking of Fe and ascorbic acid utilisation and assist in thetreatment and prevention of ascorbic acid-deficiency syndromes such as scurvy.
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| 25. |
- Scheers, Nathalie, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Iron Transport through Ferroportin Is Induced by Intracellular Ascorbate and Involves IRP2 and HIF2 alpha
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643 .- 2072-6643. ; 6:1, s. 249-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A few tightly regulated transport proteins mediate iron absorption across the intestinal epithelium. At the basolateral border of intestinal cells there is one identified transporter, ferroportin, for the transfer of intracellular iron to the vascular system. Here, we investigate the effects of ascorbate (vitamin C) on the regulation of ferroportin in human intestinal Caco-2 cells using ELISA and Western Blot analyses. The results indicate that ferroportin protein levels peak at 100 mu M of added ascorbate with an increase of 274% (p = 0.02). At 150 mu M of ascorbate, the increase was only 28% (p = 0.04), and at 200 mu M there was no significant change from the baseline control. In addition, the ascorbate-induced, (at 150 mu M) up-regulated ferroportin levels were associated with increased Fe-55 transport across the basolateral border (19%, p = 0.03). Ascorbate-induced up-regulation of cellular ferroportin levels (no added iron) was associated with increased levels of the iron regulatory protein IRP2 (230%, p = 0.0009), and the hypoxia-inducible factor HIF2 alpha (69%, p = 0.03). Thus, iron transport across the basal border via ferroportin is influenced by the intracellular status of ascorbate and IRP2 and HIF2 alpha are involved. We discuss possible reasons for the ascorbate-effects and the dependence of cellular growth conditions for iron transport-related protein expression.
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| 26. |
- Scheers, Nathalie, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Proposing a Caco-2/HepG2 cell model for in vitro iron absorption studies
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0955-2863 .- 1873-4847. ; 25:7, s. 710-715
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Caco-2 cell line is well established as an in vitro model for iron absorption. However, the model does not reflect the regulation of iron absorption by hepcidin produced in the liver. We aimed to develop the Caco-2 model by introducing human liver cells (HepG2) to Caco-2 cells. The Caco-2 and HepG2 epithelia were separated by a liquid compartment, which allowed for epithelial interaction. Ferritin levels in cocultured Caco-2 controls were 21.7 +/- 10.3 ng/mg protein compared to 7.7 +/- 5.8 ng/mg protein in monocultured Caco-2 cells. The iron transport across Caco-2 layers was increased when liver cells were present (8.1% +/- 1.5% compared to 3.5% +/- 2.5% at 120 mu M Fe). Caco-2 cells were exposed to 0, 80 and 120 mu M Fe and responded with increased hepcidin production at 1201 mu M Fe (3.6 +/- 0.3 ng/ml compared to 2.7 +/- 0.3 ng/ml). The expression of iron exporter ferroportin in Caco-2 cells was decreased at the hepcidin concentration of 3.6 ng/ml and undetectable at external addition of hepcidin (10 ng/ml). The apical transporter DMT1 was also undetectable at 10 ng/ml but was unchanged at the lower concentrations. In addition, we observed that sourdough bread, in comparison to heat-treated bread, increased the bioavailability of iron despite similar iron content (53% increase in ferritin formation, 97% increase in hepcidin release). This effect was not observed in monocultured Caco-2 cells. The Caco-2/HepG2 model provides an alternative approach to in vitro iron absorption studies in which the hepatic regulation of iron transport must be considered. (c) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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| 27. |
- Scheers, Nathalie, 1974
(författare)
-
Regulatory Effects of Cu, Zn, and Ca on Fe Absorption: The Intricate Play between Nutrient Transporters
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643 .- 2072-6643. ; 5:3, s. 957-970
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Iron is an essential nutrient for almost every living organism because it is required in a number of biological processes that serve to maintain life. In humans, recycling of senescent erythrocytes provides most of the daily requirement of iron. In addition, we need to absorb another 1-2 mg Fe from the diet each day to compensate for losses due to epithelial sloughing, perspiration, and bleeding. Iron absorption in the intestine is mainly regulated on the enterocyte level by effectors in the diet and systemic regulators accessing the enterocyte through the basal lamina. Recently, a complex meshwork of interactions between several trace metals and regulatory proteins was revealed. This review focuses on advances in our understanding of Cu, Zn, and Ca in the regulation of iron absorption. Ascorbate as an important player is also considered.
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| 28. |
- Scheers, Nathalie, 1974
(författare)
-
The cross-talk of iron and ascorbate -Complexation and intracellular regulation of transport in human enterocytes
- 2011
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Iron deficiency is a serious health issue in developing countries and also in vulnerable groups of the industrialized world. There are several ways to address this issue. The present approach was to learn more about the basic mechanisms of iron uptake in the presence of ascorbate, one of the best enhancers of iron absorption. In a future perspective, the new insights may be used to optimize iron absorption by harnessing the endogenous system of the body. We initiated the work by investigating iron complexation by ascorbate (and other food factors) in a system mimicking the duodenal lumen. The complexation was measured by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. After this study we moved on to study uptake mechanisms in human intestinal cells. We used the Caco-2 cell model to study iron and ascorbate interactions on the cellular level. We investigated the expression of iron and ascorbate transport-related proteins (NRAMP2, DCYTB, ferritin, ferroportin, and SVCT1) by Western blot and ELISA. The results showed that ascorbic acid chelates aqueous Fe2+ and stabilizes hydrated Fe3+ at proximal duodenal pH. This effect may explain the enhancing effect on iron intestinal uptake. However, we also observed that ascorbic acid (ascorbate at pH 7.4) was affecting iron uptake on the intracellular level. Intracellular ascorbate increased iron-dependent ferritin formation as much as 50%, indicating the importance of the intracellular effects. In addition, we observed ascorbate effects on the protein expression of NRAMP2, DCYTB, and ferroportin. The NRAMP2 and DCYTB expression in ascorbate-treated cells was initially up-regulated, 2 h after an iron dose. If valid in vivo, this window can be used to optimize iron absorption. In addition, we observed that iron-replete cells were more efficient in absorbing ascorbate than their iron-deficient counterparts. This was explained by an increased expression of the ascorbate transporter SVCT1 in the presence of iron. Concluding this thesis, the results from cell-cultures are extrapolated to human, and a possible strategy for improving iron absorption is suggested.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Scheers, Nathalie, 1974, et al.
(författare)
-
Vitamin B12 as a potential compliance marker for fish intake
- 2014
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1436-6207 .- 1436-6215. ; 53:6, s. 1327-1333
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the following four markers; Vitamin B12, selenium, vitamin D, and parvalbumin may be used as compliance markers for fish intake. Methods: Blood samples from a randomized cross-over herring intervention study (n=32) were analyzed by HPLC and immunochemistry. The criteria were that plasma or serum concentrations of candidate compliance markers after the herring diet should increase significantly compared to starting concentrations. In addition, the reference meat diet should not yield an increase in plasma concentration of the candidate marker. Results: Vitamin B12 and selenium met the set criteria for indicating a correlation between the marker and fish intake with significant increases in serum concentrations at 8.9% (p=0.008) and 4.6% (p=0.02) respectively after a 6-week herring intervention (5 meals a week). Parvalbumin and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 levels did not increase significantly during the herring interventions. Conclusions: Vitamin B12 may be suitable as a compliance marker for fish intake. Although selenium also met the criteria, the change in selenium serum concentrations was small compared to the change in vitamin B12 levels.
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| 32. |
- Soni, Nikulkumar, 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acid-Enriched High Fat Diet Delays Skeletal Muscle Degradation in Mice
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643 .- 2072-6643. ; 8:9, s. 543-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Low-grade chronic inflammatory conditions such as ageing, obesity and related metabolic disorders are associated with deterioration of skeletal muscle (SkM). Human studies have shown that marine fatty acids influence SkM function, though the underlying mechanisms of action are unknown. As a model of diet-induced obesity, we fed C57BL/6J mice either a high fat diet (HFD) with purified marine fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (HFD-ED), a HFD with corn oil, or normal mouse chow for 8 weeks; and used transcriptomics to identify the molecular effects of EPA and DHA on SkM. Consumption of ED-enriched HFD modulated SkM metabolism through increased gene expression of mitochondrial β-oxidation and slow-fiber type genes compared with HFD-corn oil fed mice. Furthermore, HFD-ED intake increased nuclear localization of nuclear factor of activated T-cells (Nfatc4) protein, which controls fiber-type composition. This data suggests a role for EPA and DHA in mitigating some of the molecular responses due to a HFD in SkM. Overall, the results suggest that increased consumption of the marine fatty acids EPA and DHA may aid in the prevention of molecular processes that lead to muscle deterioration commonly associated with obesity-induced low-grade inflammation.
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| 33. |
- Soni, Nikulkumar, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Splenic Immune Response Is Down-Regulated in C57BL/6J Mice Fed Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid Enriched High Fat Diet
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643 .- 2072-6643. ; 9:1, s. 50-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2017 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Dietary n-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are associated with reduction of inflammation, although the mechanisms are poorly understood, especially how the spleen, as a secondary lymphoid organ, is involved. To investigate the effects of EPA and DHA on spleen gene expression, male C57BL/6J mice were fed high fat diets (HFD) differing in fatty acid composition, either based on corn oil (HFD-CO), or CO enriched with 2 g/100 g EPA and DHA (HFD-ED), for eight weeks. Spleen tissue was analyzed using transcriptomics and for fatty acids profiling. Biological processes (BPs) related to the immune response, including T-cell receptor signaling pathway, T-cell differentiation and co-stimulation, myeloid dendritic cell differentiation, antigen presentation and processing, and the toll like receptor pathway were downregulated by HFD-ED compared with control and HFD-CO. These findings were supported by the down-regulation of NF-κB in HFD-ED compared with HFD-CO fed mice. Lower phospholipid arachidonic acid levels in HFD-ED compared with HFD-CO, and control mice suggest attenuation of pathways via prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The HFD-ED also upregulated BPs related to erythropoiesis and hematopoiesis compared with control and HFD-CO fed mice. Our findings suggest that EPA and DHA down-regulate the splenic immune response induced by HFD-CO, supporting earlier work that the spleen is a target organ for the anti-inflammatory effects of these n-3 fatty acids.
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| 34. |
- Soni, Nikulkumar, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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The Omega-3 Fatty Acids EPA and DHA, as a Part of a Murine High-Fat Diet, Reduced Lipid Accumulation in Brown and White Adipose Tissues.
- 2019
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 20:23
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Excess energy intake can trigger an uncontrolled inflammatory response, leading to systemic low-grade inflammation and metabolic disturbances that are hypothesised to contribute to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFAs) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are suggested to mitigate this inflammatory response, but the mechanisms are unclear, especially at the tissue level. Adipose tissues, the first tissues to give an inflammatory response, may be an important target site of action for EPA and DHA. To evaluate the effects of EPA and DHA in white and brown adipose tissues, we fed male C57Bl/6J mice either a high fat diet (HFD) with 5% corn oil, an HFD with 40% of the corn oil substituted for purified EPA and DHA triglycerides (HFD-ED), or normal chow, for 8 weeks. Fatty acid profiling and transcriptomics were used to study how EPA and DHA affect retroperitoneal white and brown adipose tissues. HFD-EDfed mice showed reduced lipid accumulation and levels of the pro-inflammatory fatty acid arachidonic acid in both white and brown adipose tissues, compared withHFD-cornoil fed animals. The transcriptomic analysis showed changes inβ-oxidation pathways, supporting the decreased lipid accumulation in the HFD-ED fed mice. Therefore, our data suggests that EPA and DHA supplementation of a high fat diet may be anti-inflammatory, as well as reduce lipid accumulation in adipose tissues.
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| 35. |
- Tarczykowska, Agata, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Differential Effects of Iron Chelates vs. Iron Salts on Induction of Pro-Oncogenic Amphiregulin and Pro-Inflammatory COX-2 in Human Intestinal Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines
- 2023
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 24:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We previously showed that two iron compounds that are orally ingested by humans, namely ferric EDTA and ferric citrate, can induce an oncogenic growth factor (amphiregulin) in human intestinal epithelial adenocarcinoma cell lines. Here, we further screened these iron compounds, plus four other iron chelates and six iron salts (i.e., 12 oral iron compounds in total), for their effects on biomarkers of cancer and inflammation. Ferric pyrophosphate and ferric EDTA were the main inducers of amphiregulin and its receptor monomer, IGFr1. Moreover, at the maximum iron concentrations investigated (500 µM), the highest levels of amphiregulin were induced by the six iron chelates, while four of these also increased IGfr1. In addition, we observed that ferric pyrophosphate promoted signaling via the JAK/STAT pathway by up-regulating the cytokine receptor subunit IFN-γr1 and IL-6. For pro-inflammatory cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), ferric pyrophosphate but not ferric EDTA elevated intracellular levels. This, however, did not drive the other biomarkers based on COX-2 inhibition studies and was probably downstream of IL-6. We conclude that of all oral iron compounds, iron chelates may particularly elevate intracellular amphiregulin. Ferric pyrophosphate additionally induced COX-2, probably because of the high IL-6 induction that was observed with this compound.
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| 36. |
- Tarczykowska, Agata, 1989, et al.
(författare)
-
May Chelated Iron Be Pro-Inflammatory?
- 2022
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We have shown that two iron chelates, used in iron nutrition, promote induction of the oncogenic growth factor Amphiregulin in human gut epithelial cells. Since then, we have investigated several iron compounds on the safe lists of EFSA and USFDA using a human intestinal cell assay in combination with proteomic profiling. Here we will report proteomic cell data for other iron chelates, salts and nanoparticulate iron which suggest that iron chelates may increase the cellular sensitivity to pro-inflammatory mediators and growth promotors by increasing their receptor levels. We conclude that iron chelates may be pro-inflammatory and pro-oncogenic to intestinal cells.
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| 37. |
- Trigo, João Pedro, 1995, et al.
(författare)
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In vitro digestibility and Caco-2 cell bioavailability of sea lettuce (Ulva fenestrata) proteins extracted using pH-shift processing
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Food Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0308-8146 .- 1873-7072. ; 356
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seaweed is a promising sustainable source of vegan protein as its farming does not require arable land, pesticides/insecticides, nor freshwater supply. However, to be explored as a novel protein source the content and nutritional quality of protein in seaweed need to be improved. We assessed the influence of pH-shift processing on protein degree of hydrolysis (%DH), protein/peptide size distribution, accessibility, and cell bioavailability of Ulva fenestrata proteins after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. pH-shift processing of Ulva, which concentrated its proteins 3.5-times, significantly improved the %DH from 27.7±2.6% to 35.7±2.1% and the amino acid accessibility from 56.9±4.1% to 72.7±0.6%. Due to the higher amino acid accessibility, the amount of most amino acids transported across the cell monolayers was higher in the protein extracts. Regarding bioavailability, both Ulva and protein extracts were as bioavailable as casein. The protein/peptide molecular size distribution after digestion did not disclose a clear association with bioavailability.
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| 38. |
- Tullberg, Cecilia, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of marine oils, digested with human fluids, on cellular viability and stress protein expression in human intestinal Caco-2 cells
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643 .- 2072-6643. ; 9:11, s. 1213-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In vitro digestion of marine oils has been reported to promote lipid oxidation, including the formation of reactive aldehydes (e.g., malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (HHE)). We aimed to investigate if human in vitro digestion of supplemental levels of oils from algae, cod liver, and krill, in addition to pure MDA and HHE, affect intestinal Caco-2 cell survival and oxidative stress. Cell viability was not significantly affected by the digests of marine oils or by pure MDA and HHE (0–90 ?M). Cellular levels of HSP-70, a chaperone involved in the prevention of stress-induced protein unfolding was significantly decreased (14%, 28%, and 14% of control for algae, cod and krill oil, respectively; p ? 0.05). The oxidoreductase thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) involved in reducing oxidative stress was also lower after incubation with the digested oils (26%, 53%, and 22% of control for algae, cod, and krill oil, respectively; p ? 0.001). The aldehydes MDA and HHE did not affect HSP-70 or Trx-1 at low levels (8.3 and 1.4 ?M, respectively), whilst a mixture of MDA and HHE lowered Trx-1 at high levels (45 ?M), indicating less exposure to oxidative stress. We conclude that human digests of the investigated marine oils and their content of MDA and HHE did not cause a stress response in human intestinal Caco-2 cells.
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| 39. |
- Tullberg, Cecilia, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Formation of reactive aldehydes (MDA, HHE, HNE) during the digestion of cod liver oil: comparison of human and porcine in vitro digestion models
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Food and Function. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2042-6496 .- 2042-650X. ; 7:3, s. 1401-1412
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work, we investigated lipid oxidation of cod liver oil during gastrointestinal (GI) digestion using two types of in vitro digestion models. In the first type of model, we used human GI juices, while we used digestive enzymes and bile from porcine origin in the second type of model. Human and porcine models were matched with respect to factors important for lipolysis, using a standardized digestion protocol. The digests were analysed for reactive oxidation products: malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal (HNE), and 4-hydroxy-trans-2-hexenal (HHE) by liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (LC/APCI-MS), and for free fatty acids (FFA) obtained during the digestion by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The formation of the oxidation products MDA, HHE, and HNE was low during the gastric digestion, however, it increased during the duodenal digestion. The formation of the oxidation products reached higher levels when digestive juices of human origin were used (60 μM of MDA, 0.96 μM of HHE, and 1.6 μM of HNE) compared to when using enzymes and bile of porcine origin (9.8, and 0.36 μM of MDA; 0.16, and 0.026 μM of HHE; 0.23, and 0.005 μM of HNE, respectively, in porcine models I and II). In all models, FFA release was only detected during the intestinal step, and reached up to 31% of total fatty acids (FA). The findings in this work may be of importance when designing oxidation oriented lipid digestion studies.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Werner, Tony, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Abundant fish protein inhibits α-synuclein amyloid formation
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322 .- 2045-2322. ; 8:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The most common allergen in fish, the highly-abundant protein β-parvalbumin, forms amyloid structures as a way to avoid gastrointestinal degradation and transit to the blood. In humans, the same amyloid structures are mostly associated with neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. We here assessed a putative connection between these amyloids using recombinant Atlantic cod β-parvalbumin and the key amyloidogenic protein in Parkinson's disease, α-synuclein. Using a set of in vitro biophysical methods, we discovered that β-parvalbumin readily inhibits amyloid formation of α-synuclein. The underlying mechanism was found to involve α-synuclein binding to the surface of β-parvalbumin amyloid fibers. In addition to being a new amyloid inhibition mechanism, the data suggest that health benefits of fish may be explained in part by cross-reaction of β-parvalbumin with human amyloidogenic proteins.
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| 42. |
-
Whole Grains and Health (2nd edition)
- 2021
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- An updated guide to whole grains and their integral role in nutritional health In an increasingly health-conscious society, the potential benefits of whole grain products are of paramount importance to manufacturers, dieticians, and consumers alike. Whole Grains and Healthcovers all aspects of this crucial topic, presenting a data-driven study of whole grains’ functional components, associated biomarkers and overall impact upon human health. Now in its second edition, the text has been revised and expanded to include six new chapters and groundbreaking new data. This essential guide features: - Summaries of large research projects on the health effects of whole grain in Europe and the US -New data on the associations between whole grain consumption and risk of developing chronic diseases -Discussions of metabolomics and their use in addressing health effects and finding new biomarkers of both dietary exposure and health effects related to the diet -Information on the use of genomics in studies of how gene-expression profiles change in response to whole grain intake -Newly identified bioactive compounds in whole grains and whole grain fractions -The new EU regulations on health claims that affect whole grain food products Providing information that will be of interest to food scientists, healthcare specialists and food industry professionals alike, the second edition of Whole Grains and Health is an essential resource for anyone.
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| 43. |
- Zou, Yang, et al.
(författare)
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Valorisation of crustacean and bivalve processing side streams for industrial fast time-to-market products: A review from the European Union regulation perspective
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Marine Science. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-7745. ; 10
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- A massive amount of crustaceans and bivalves are consumed each year, leading to millions of tons of processing side streams from the seafood industry. Considering the current trend of (bio)circular and zero-waste food production, crustacean and bivalve processing side streams (CBPS) seem a promising and emerging resource for producing high-value-added products. This paper highlights the general composition of CBPS with high commercial values, namely, protein, lipids, carotenoids, minerals and chitins. The extraction strategies of these fractions, including conventional chemical and environmentally friendly methods, are also discussed. This review presents and summarises CBPS as raw materials for developing fast time-to-market products complying with specific EU regulations, including animal feeds, bio-pesticide/stimulants, and cosmetic ingredients. This paper also provides insights into challenges of applying CBPS as raw materials to generate products for human consumption.
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