| 1. |
- Choularton, T. W., et al.
(författare)
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The Great Dun Fell Cloud Experiment 1993 : An overview
- 1997
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Environment. - 1352-2310. ; 31:16, s. 2393-2405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 1993 Ground-based Cloud Experiment on Great Dun Fell used a wide range of measurements of trace gases, aerosol particles and cloud droplets at five sites to study their sources and sinks especially those in cloud. These measurements have been interpreted using a variety of models. The conclusions add to our knowledge of air pollution, acidification of the atmosphere and the ground, eutrophication and climate change. The experiment is designed to use the hill cap cloud as a flow-through reactor, and was conducted in varying levels of pollution typical of much of the rural temperate continental northern hemisphere in spring-time.
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| 2. |
- Fuzzi, S., et al.
(författare)
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The Po Valley Fog Experiment 1989
- 1992
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Ingår i: Tellus. Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology. - : Stockholm University Press. - 0280-6509. ; 44:5, s. 448-468
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An outline is presented here of the Po Valley Fog Experiment 1989, carried out within the EUROTRAC‐GCE project. This experiment is a joint effort by several European research groups from 5 countries. The physical and chemical behaviour of the fog multiphase system was studied experimentally following the temporal evolution of the relevant chemical species in the different phases (gas, droplet, interstitial aerosol) and the evolution of micrometeorological and microphysical conditions, from the pre‐fog situation through the whole fog evolution, to the post‐fog period. Some general results, useful for describing the general features of the fog system, are presented here, while specific scientific questions on the different processes taking place within the system itself will be addressed in other companion papers of this same issue.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Bergman, Lina, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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PROVE-Pre-Eclampsia Obstetric Adverse Events: Establishment of a Biobank and Database for Pre-Eclampsia
- 2021
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Ingår i: Cells. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4409. ; 10:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pre-eclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The burden of disease lies mainly in low-middle income countries. The aim of this project is to establish a pre-eclampsia biobank in South Africa to facilitate research in the field of pre-eclampsia with a focus on phenotyping severe disease.The approach of our biobank is to collect biological specimens, detailed clinical data, tests, and biophysical examinations, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, MRI of the heart, transcranial Doppler, echocardiography, and cognitive function tests.Women diagnosed with pre-eclampsia and normotensive controls are enrolled in the biobank at admission to Tygerberg University Hospital (Cape Town, South Africa). Biological samples and clinical data are collected at inclusion/delivery and during the hospital stay. Special investigations as per above are performed in a subset of women. After two months, women are followed up by telephonic interviews. This project aims to establish a biobank and database for severe organ complications of pre-eclampsia in a low-middle income country where the incidence of pre-eclampsia with organ complications is high. The study integrates different methods to investigate pre-eclampsia, focusing on improved understanding of pathophysiology, prediction of organ complications, and potentially future drug evaluation and discovery.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Kumar, B, et al.
(författare)
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Polycomb repressive complex 2 shields naïve human pluripotent cells from trophectoderm differentiation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature cell biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4679 .- 1465-7392. ; 24:6, s. 845-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first lineage choice in human embryo development separates trophectoderm from the inner cell mass. Naïve human embryonic stem cells are derived from the inner cell mass and offer possibilities to explore how lineage integrity is maintained. Here, we discover that polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) maintains naïve pluripotency and restricts differentiation to trophectoderm and mesoderm lineages. Through quantitative epigenome profiling, we found that a broad gain of histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) is a distinct feature of naïve pluripotency. We define shared and naïve-specific bivalent promoters featuring PRC2-mediated H3K27me3 concomitant with H3K4me3. Naïve bivalency maintains key trophectoderm and mesoderm transcription factors in a transcriptionally poised state. Inhibition of PRC2 forces naïve human embryonic stem cells into an ‘activated’ state, characterized by co-expression of pluripotency and lineage-specific transcription factors, followed by differentiation into either trophectoderm or mesoderm lineages. In summary, PRC2-mediated repression provides a highly adaptive mechanism to restrict lineage potential during early human development.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Bergman, Lina, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive impairment in preeclampsia complicated by eclampsia and pulmonary edema after delivery
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 100:7, s. 1280-1287
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction We aimed to assess cognitive function in women with preeclampsia stratified by severity, before and after onset of disease. Material and methods Prospective study performed at a referral hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. Pregnant women between 20 and 42 weeks of gestation with eclampsia, pulmonary edema and preeclampsia without severe features, and a normotensive pregnancy were approached. Women were included at diagnosis of preeclampsia or at admission for delivery (women with normotensive pregnancies). Two cognitive assessments, the Cognitive Failure Questionnaire to assess the cognitive function subjectively before inclusion in the study, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment to assess the current cognitive function objectively before discharge from the hospital after delivery, were performed. Results We included 61 women with eclampsia, 28 with preeclampsia complicated by pulmonary edema, 38 with preeclampsia without severe features, and 26 with normotensive pregnancies. There was no difference in cognitive function from early pregnancy between groups. Women with eclampsia and preeclampsia complicated by pulmonary edema scored lower on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment at time of discharge compared with women with normotensive pregnancies. The results were attenuated in pulmonary edema after adjustment for confounders. Conclusions Women with preeclampsia complicated by pulmonary edema and in particular eclampsia had impaired cognitive function after onset of disease compared with women with normotensive pregnancies. The impairment did not seem to be present before onset of disease. Women with preeclampsia without severe features did not have impaired cognitive function.
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| 9. |
- Bostrom, S., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of the Collaborative and Proactive Solutions Model in an Alternative Educational Setting
- 2024
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Ingår i: Education Sciences. - : Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). - 2227-7102. ; 14:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the Collaborative and Proactive Solutions (CPS) intervention in an alternative educational setting for students with behavioural problems. The effect of the CPS intervention on students’ off-task behaviour was studied using a single-subject experimental design that included two students with behavioural problems via systematic direct observations and direct behaviour ratings. The usability of the CPS intervention was investigated through questionnaires and interviews with the participating students and teacher assistant. The results revealed no significant effects of the CPS intervention on students’ off-task behaviour. The students and teacher assistant viewed the CPS intervention as acceptable but the teacher assistant’s ratings of the feasibility of the intervention were lower, together with the ratings of the extent to which the intervention matched the socio-political climate of the educational setting.
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| 10. |
- Cederfelt, S. I., et al.
(författare)
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Field validation of the droplet aerosol analyser
- 1997
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Environment. - 1352-2310. ; 31:16, s. 2657-2670
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new instrument for the study of cloud droplets and its relation to aerosol particles, the droplet aerosol analyser (DAA), was for the first time used in a field campaign. The DAA has the unique feature of measuring the ambient size of cloud droplets or cloud interstitial aerosol particles together with the size of its dry residue. This is obtained with a two-parameter data acquisition technique which results in a three-dimensional data set (ambient size, dry residue size, number concentration). The principle and design of the DAA is briefly described. The DAA was intercompared with differential mobility particle sizers, particulate volume monitors and a forward scattering spectrometer probe with respect to interstitial and cloud droplet dry residue size distribution as well as particle-size-dependent scavenging due to cloud droplet nucleation and for cloud droplet number concentration and size distribution and cloud liquid water concentration. Overall, the DAA showed good agreement with respect to all these six aerosol/cloud properties.
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| 11. |
- Hastie, R., et al.
(författare)
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Associations Between Soluble fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1 and Placental Growth Factor and Disease Severity Among Women With Preterm Eclampsia and Preeclampsia
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Heart Association (JAHA). - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 2047-9980. ; 11:16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The angiogenic factors soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) and placental growth factor (PlGF) are postulated to be pathogenic disease drivers of preeclampsia. If true, then circulating levels should become more deranged with increasing disease severity. Methods and Results We investigated the association between circulating sFlt-1 and PlGF levels and severe adverse maternal outcomes among 348 women with preeclampsia. Compared with 125 women with preeclampsia without severe features, 25 women with preeclampsia and any of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation, or severe renal involvement had sFlt-1 levels that were 2.63-fold higher (95% CI, 1.81-3.82), sFlt-1/PlGF levels that were 10.07-fold higher (95% CI, 5.36-18.91) and PlGF levels that were 74% lower (adjusted fold change, 0.26 [95% CI, 0.18-0.39]). Compared with 125 women with preeclampsia without severe features, 37 with eclampsia had sFlt-1 levels that were 2-fold higher (2.02 [95% CI, 1.32-3.09]), sFlt-1/PIGF levels that were 4.71-fold higher (95% CI, 2.30-9.66) and PIGF levels that were 63% lower (0.43-fold change [95% CI, 0.27-0.68]). Compared with those without severe features, preeclampsia with severe hypertension (n=146) was also associated with altered angiogenic levels (sFlt-1, 1.71-fold change [95% CI, 1.39-2.11]; sFlt/PlGF, 2.91 [95% CI, 2.04-4.15]; PlGF, 0.59 [95%CI 0.47-0.74]). We also found that sFlt-1 and PlGF levels were altered by the number of maternal complications experienced. Conclusions Further angiogenic imbalance among women with preeclampsia is likely a pathogenic disease driver responsible for the life-threatening maternal complications.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Schell, Carl Otto, et al.
(författare)
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Essential Emergency and Critical Care : a consensus among global clinical experts.
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMJ Global Health. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2059-7908. ; 6:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Globally, critical illness results in millions of deaths every year. Although many of these deaths are potentially preventable, the basic, life-saving care of critically ill patients are often overlooked in health systems. Essential Emergency and Critical Care (EECC) has been devised as the care that should be provided to all critically ill patients in all hospitals in the world. EECC includes the effective care of low cost and low complexity for the identification and treatment of critically ill patients across all medical specialties. This study aimed to specify the content of EECC and additionally, given the surge of critical illness in the ongoing pandemic, the essential diagnosis-specific care for critically ill patients with COVID-19.METHODS: In a Delphi process, consensus (>90% agreement) was sought from a diverse panel of global clinical experts. The panel iteratively rated proposed treatments and actions based on previous guidelines and the WHO/ICRC's Basic Emergency Care. The output from the Delphi was adapted iteratively with specialist reviewers into a coherent and feasible package of clinical processes plus a list of hospital readiness requirements.RESULTS: The 269 experts in the Delphi panel had clinical experience in different acute medical specialties from 59 countries and from all resource settings. The agreed EECC package contains 40 clinical processes and 67 requirements, plus additions specific for COVID-19.CONCLUSION: The study has specified the content of care that should be provided to all critically ill patients. Implementing EECC could be an effective strategy for policy makers to reduce preventable deaths worldwide.
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