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- Holmer, Jan, 1938, et al.
(författare)
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Arbetsvetenskap
- 2013
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Ingår i: Personliga tillbakablickar över ämnen vid Göteborgs universitet. Ämneshistorisk dokumentation vid Göteborgs universitet. - 9789198142808
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Schiller, Bernt, 1934
(författare)
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The Global Challenge of Human Rights and Solidarity to Nordic Global Companies and Trade Unionsc Global Companies and Trade Unionss
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies. - 2245-0157. ; 4:1, s. 35-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The idea that corporations, besides making profit, have a social responsibility to society is not new in history. Nor is it new that unions besides representing material interests stand for a universal ambition as defenders of the oppressed in the world. The article argues that corporations’ social responsibility and trade union solidarity, to the extent both are based on universal principles of human rights, ought to open for cooperation concerning Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), where trade unions should be recognized as important stakeholders in corporations. This idea is new, even if examples exist, and it challenges traditional concepts of the role of management and unions in the company. However, trade unions have taken a critical attitude to CSR, the implementation of which they have mainly been excluded from. Instead, they have tried to get global agreements, Global Framework Agreements (GFAs), with the MNCs.1 In the article the development of the attitudes of the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) and of the Nordic national centers is investigated. A long-term historical perspective, in addition to a general theory of collective action will be used to draft the hypothesis that, when unions as interest organizations, through the process of national integration, have achieved a strong position in the domestic labor market, they lack reasons to take transnational action and seek international trade union solidarity. This hypothesis is valid today for the well-established unions in the Nordic countries. But in questions concerning social responsibility and human rights, the article presents the possibility that GFAs might become a platform from which to extend the Nordic model of national partnership to the global level, while at the same time global competition will increasingly make it difficult for the unions to show international solidarity in interest questions of capital investments and outsourcing.
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| 7. |
- Schiller, Bernt, 1934, et al.
(författare)
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“The Nordic model”: historical origins and its significance for the work place dialogue towards increased organizational sustainability
- 2017
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Ingår i: Dellve L., Wikström E., Björk L., Wolmesjö M., Larsson Fällmanand S. (Eds.) Abstract book of the 11th NOVO symposium. Gothenburg: 9-10 November. - Gothenburg : Gothenburg University. - 9789187876172
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The vision of the NOVO network is “a Nordic Model for development of more sustainable production systems in healthcare”. It is based on the assumption that the Nordic countries, through high levels of trust and justice (social capital), have unique opportunities to carry out dialogue-based change processes, cf. “the Nordic Model”. This seems important due to the frequent negative impact of rationalization on ergonomics and vice versa (see previous abstract by Winkel et al). The Nordic model has been the subject of extensive discussions and studies (e.g. Schiller et al., 1993). The Nordic exceptionalism might first be noticeable in the Middle Ages in the weak feudalism compared to the Continent. The peasants of the North were personally free and owned their land. They paid taxes and were the direct subjects of the Crown. Correspondingly, the nobility was weak. At the time of the industrial breakthrough in the 19th century, industrial workers were recruited from the landless, often sons and daughters of self-owning farmers. Before the advent of the labour movement, dialogue instead of violence was the trusted way for the popular movements to advance their cause. The international revolutionary orientation of the trade unions was already during the 1890s subordinated to negotiations with national employers. The collective agreement is the counterpart to the share contract (in Danish: “Andelskontrakt”), which created and structured social capital in the agricultural development in Denmark. The collective agreement also begun its successful spread in Denmark and became dominant in the whole of the North. The class conflicts took place in countries without major ethnic, cultural and religious splits. In a European comparison class differences were relative moderate. The state had a limited record of active repression and corruption. To-day we still have the best organized trade unions in the world, close cooperation with important social democratic parties, strong employer organizations, early recognition of trade unions and established policy of collective bargaining with close to total coverage of the labour market and a principle of no-state intervention in industrial conflicts. Thus, the industrial relations in the Nordic countries still seem to be exceptional. Key research issues are now to further investigate the Nordic Model in terms of: - critical prerequisites for a positive environment for dialogues based on workplace agreements, - how such insights can be measured and further developed, - how they can be made available to a wider audience in an applicable way
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Solidaritetens många ansikten. Tretton texter om arbetsliv och omvärld
- 2012
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Människan är en social varelse. Att leva tillsammans ger oss trygghet. I arbetet skapas sociala band och grunden till ett solidariskt samhälle. Vi vill kunna lita på vår omgivning, men de omvälvande förändringarna i arbete, sociala relationer, livsstil och omvärldsberoende har utmanat många egenskaper. I den här boken ställs frågan om solidaritet är möjlig i en individualiserad värld. Har solidariteten en gräns – vid familjen, den egna gruppen eller nationen – eller måste framtidens solidaritet vara global? Forskare och författare ger olika perspektiv på begreppet solidaritet. Texterna har tillkommit i samband med en serie seminarier vid Institutionen för arbetsvetenskap, Göteborgs universitet.
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- Winkel, Jörgen, 1946, et al.
(författare)
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Scientific evidence suggests a changed approach in ergonomic intervention research
- 2017
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Ingår i: Osvalder A.-L., Blomé M. & Bodnar H. (Eds.) NES 2017, Conference Proceedings. - Lund. - 9789177531524
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ergonomic interventions have generally been unsuccessful in improving workers’ health, with concurrent rationalization efforts negating potentially successful intervention initiatives. We propose the two aims are considered simultaneously, aiming at the joint consideration of competitive performance and work environment in a long-term perspective (“organizational sustainability”). A prerequisite is a high level of dialogue between the different groups of stakeholders, and we argue that the Nordic countries, through high levels of trust and justice (social capital), have unique opportunity to carry out such research. The present authors bring forth the vision of “a Nordic Model for development of more sustainable production systems”.
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- Winkel, Jörgen, 1946, et al.
(författare)
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The NOVO Network: the original scientific basis for its establishment and our R&D vision
- 2017
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Ingår i: Dellve L., Wikström E., Björk L., Wolmesjö M., Larsson Fällmanand S. (Eds.) Abstract book of the 11th NOVO symposium. Gothenburg: 9-10 November. - Gothenburg : Gothenburg University. - 9789187876172
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The NOVO network is a Nordic non-governmental professional association whose aims are to foster the scientific progress, knowledge and development of the working environment within Healthcare as an integrated part of production system development. The vision is a “Nordic Model for Sustainable Systems” in the healthcare sector. It was founded in 2006 in Copenhagen and was financially supported by the Nordic Council of Ministers from 2007 to 2015. The motivation to establish the NOVO Network arose when reviewing the literature regarding opportunities to create sustainable production systems. This work was initiated year 2002 and resultet in a systematic review published 2011 (Westgaard and Winkel 2011). Already in 2006 it was concluded that ergonomic interventions have limited musculoskeletal and mental health effects in a long-range perspective while rationalization has predominant negative health effects – particularly within healthcare. This was the basis for creating the NOVO triangle emphasizing that intervention research for improved work environment in healthcare also needs to consider efficiency and quality aspects to increase organizational sustainability; i.e. the joint consideration of competitive performance and working conditions in a long term perspective. Interventions aiming at increasing organizational sustainability thus demand new forms of collaboration and coordination between workers, management, designers, and ergonomists. Such collaborations will often be challenged due to the frequent negative impact of rationalization on ergonomics and vice versa. This call for dialogue processes between the stakeholders taking more holistic systems perspectives. Dialogue-based change processes may be more common in the Nordic countries compared to other parts of the world. It is argued that the Nordic countries have unique opportunities in this respect (see the following abstract by Schiller et al), with a potential successful outcome in terms of macroeconomic indicators (discussed by Olesen et al., 2008). Thus, we suggest increased focus on our vision: “a Nordic Model for development of more sustainable production systems in healthcare”. Future R&D performed within the framework of our NOVO network should substantiate this hypothesis. In practical terms, this necessitates expanded research protocols.
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