| 1. |
- Groemer, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Digital Twins : Analyse und Optimierung von Cyber-Physical Systems
- 2020
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Ingår i: 16. Symposium Energieinnovation, 12.-14.02.2020, Graz/Austria. - Graz, Austria : Verlag der Technischen Universität Graz. ; , s. 322-322
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Digital Twins und Cyber-Physikalische Systeme spielen eine wichtige Rolle in zukünftigen intelligenten Systemen wie Industrie 4.0 oder Energiesystemen. Sowohl bei Digital Twins als auch bei Cyber-Physikalischen Systemen sind Modellierung und Simulation zentrale Werkzeuge. Ein Trend in der modellbasierten Analyse und Optimierung ist die zunehmende Komplexität der betrachteten Systeme, wodurch etablierte Methoden an ihre Grenzen stoßen. Des weiteren erfordern viele Anwendungen die Kombination von datengetriebene Techniken mit First-Principle-Modellen. Aktuelle Studien haben gezeigt, dass die Co-Simulation ein vielversprechender Ansatz für die Modellierung und Simulation komplexer Systeme ist. In diesem Paper wird ein physikalisches Modell einer industriellen Energieversorgung und ein datengetriebenes Modell einer Photovoltaikanlage co-simuliert.
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| 2. |
- Schweiger, Gerald, et al.
(författare)
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District heating and cooling systems - Framework for Modelica-based simulation and dynamic optimization
- 2017
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Ingår i: Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-5442. ; 137, s. 566-578
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Future district heating systems (so called 4th Generation District Heating (4GDH) systems) have to address challenges such as integration of (de)centralized renewable energy sources and storage, low system temperatures and high fluctuation of the supply temperature. This paper presents a novel framework for representing and simplifying on-grid energy systems as well as for dynamic thermo-hydraulic simulation and optimization of district heating and cooling systems. We describe physically precise and numerically robust models for simulation and continuous optimization. Furthermore, we propose a novel method to decompose a mixed-integer-optimal control problem into two sub-problems, separating the discrete part from the continuous. Two use cases show the applicability of the framework. An existing district heating system with more than 100 consumers is adapted to test the framework based on simulation requirements of 4GDH systems. The second case presents the continuous optimization of a district heating system in a virtual city district. A main advantage of combining equation-based modelling and nonlinear optimization is the possibility of including model coherences based on physical laws into the optimization formulation. Results show that the framework is well-suited for simulating larger scale 4GDH systems and that the solution time of the continuous optimization problem is sufficiently low for real-time applications.
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| 3. |
- Schweiger, Gerald, et al.
(författare)
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The potential of power-to-heat in Swedish district heating systems
- 2017
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Ingår i: Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-5442. ; 137, s. 661-669
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main challenge for future electricity systems is to match the available electricity from variable renewable resources with the electricity demand in place, time and quantity. One option for increasing electricity system flexibility is to integrate the electricity system with the district heating systems via the use of power-to-heat technologies such as electric boilers. The overarching objective of this paper is to increase the understanding of what role power-to-heat could have in Sweden and to contribute to the development of methods and tools that can be applied when analysing the potential of power-to-heat. For that purpose we estimate the technical potential of power-to-heat for different power scenarios and assumptions and identify key parameters which have significant impact on the potential. The calculations are based on hourly simulations of electricity production, electricity consumption and district heat load. The power-to-heat potential was estimated to 0.2-8.6 TWh, where the potentials at the higher end pertain to scenarios with high amounts of wind and solar power production (corresponding to 54-64% of electricity consumption). Access to thermal storage increases the potential of power-to-heat while the use of industrial waste heat and heat from waste incineration in the district heat load reduces the potential.
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| 4. |
- Simonsson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences from City-Scale Simulation of Thermal Grids
- 2021
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Ingår i: Resources. - : MDPI. - 2079-9276. ; 10:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dynamic simulation of district heating and cooling networks has an increased importance in the transition towards renewable energy sources and lower temperature district heating grids, as both temporal and spatial behavior need to be considered. Even though much research and development has been performed in the field, there are several pitfalls and challenges towards dynamic district heating and cooling simulation for everyday use. This article presents the experiences from developing and working with a city-scale simulator of a district heating grid located in Luleå, Sweden. The grid model in the case study is a physics based white-box model, while consumer models are either data-driven black-box or gray-box models. The control system and operator models replicate the manual and automatic operation of the combined heat and power plant. Using the functional mock-up interface standard, a co-simulation environment integrates all the models. Further, the validation of the simulator is discussed. Lessons learned from the project are presented along with future research directions, corresponding to identified gaps and challenges.
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| 5. |
- Skov, Iva Ridjan, et al.
(författare)
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Power-to-X in Denmark : An Analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats
- 2021
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Ingår i: Energies. - : MDPI. - 1996-1073. ; 14:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Power-to-X is an upcoming sector-coupling technology that can play a role in the decarbonisation of energy systems. The aim of this study was to widen the current knowledge of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) of this innovative technology in the Danish context by utilizing the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to evaluate and compare perception of academic and industrial experts. The results of this analysis indicate that the external factors such as current policy framework are more important than the internal technology related factors. Further, positive factors predominate negative ones, with academic experts indicating strengths as the most important category and practitioners' opportunities. All experts consider the country being a P2X knowledge hub as one of the most important factors, and in the given context of the Danish energy system, wind developments and Danish industrial environment, seizing this opportunity could be the biggest enabler for P2X success.
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