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- Schwille-Kiuntke, J., et al.
(författare)
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Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome after travelers' diarrhea - a cohort study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Neurogastroenterology and Motility. - : Wiley. - 1350-1925 .- 1365-2982. ; 27:8, s. 1147-1155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is sound evidence for the role of gastrointestinal infections in the development of postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS), but understanding the interaction between mental factors and the infection remains incomplete. This study aims to (i) assess the occurrence of PI-IBS in a cohort of patients with self-reported travelers' diarrhea (TD), (ii) assess risk factors for PI-IBS development, and (iii) investigate the prognosis of PI-IBS after 1 year. Methods: Patients consulting the travel clinic at the University Hospital Tuebingen, Germany (in 2009 and 2010) were identified from records and questioned in follow-ups in 2011 and 2012. We used the Rome III modular questionnaire to assess IBS, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to assess anxiety and depression, and the Patient Health Questionnaire to assess somatization. Key Results: We identified 529 eligible subjects from the clinical records. Of 135 subjects (age: 36.6 ± 14.6 years, 58.5% female) included in the study sample 6.7% (95% CI 3.0-11.1) had PI-IBS. We found more females (88.9% vs 56.3%, p = 0.08) and younger age subjects (mean 29.3 vs 37.1 years, p = 0.02) among the PI-IBS subjects. A multivariable regression model revealed vomiting at baseline and high somatization scores as strong and independent PI-IBS risk factors. One year later PI-IBS occurrence decreased to 3.3% (three cases of 90). Conclusions & Inferences: Our findings underline the close linkage of mental and somatic processes for the manifestation of PI-IBS. Screening for psychiatric comorbidities in patients with severe gastrointestinal infections may allow identifying groups at high risk for PI-IBS.
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| 2. |
- Chesneau, A., et al.
(författare)
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Teaching nanoscience across scientific and geographical borders-A European Master programme in nanoscience and nanotechnology
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 100:Part 3
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Within the Erasmus Mundus Master (EMM) Programme, five European Universities (KU Leuven, Belgium, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, Delft University of Technology and Leiden University, the Netherlands, and the University of Dresden, Germany) have joined forces to offer a unique master programme in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, EMM-nano, at the cutting edge of state-of-the-art research. The students design and build their individual area of specialisation within nanophysics, nanotechnology, biophysics, biotechnology through their choice of trajectory between the partners. We discuss some of the challenges related to the crossdisciplinary nature of the field, educational activities in cleanrooms, and issues related to the integration of teaching programmes across the borders within Europe.
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- Enck, P., et al.
(författare)
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Irritable bowel syndrome
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature Reviews Disease Primers. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2056-676X. ; 2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disease with a high population prevalence. The disorder can be debilitating in some patients, whereas others may have mild or moderate symptoms. The most important single risk factors are female sex, younger age and preceding gastrointestinal infections. Clinical symptoms of IBS include abdominal pain or discomfort, stool irregularities and bloating, as well as other somatic, visceral and psychiatric comorbidities. Currently, the diagnosis of IBS is based on symptoms and the exclusion of other organic diseases, and therapy includes drug treatment of the predominant symptoms, nutrition and psychotherapy. Although the underlying pathogenesis is far from understood, aetiological factors include increased epithelial hyperpermeability, dysbiosis, inflammation, visceral hypersensitivity, epigenetics and genetics, and altered brain-gut interactions. IBS considerably affects quality of life and imposes a profound burden on patients, physicians and the health-care system. The past decade has seen remarkable progress in our understanding of functional bowel disorders such as IBS that will be summarized in this Primer.
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| 14. |
- Widengren, Jerker, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of photoinduced isomerization and back-isomerization of the cyanine dye Cy5 by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry A. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1089-5639 .- 1520-5215. ; 104:27, s. 6416-6428
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cy5 is one of a few commercially available dyes in the near-infrared wavelength range. In this study, the fluorescence fluctuations of Cy5 have been investigated under steady-state excitation conditions by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). The fluctuations in fluorescence are compatible with and can be used to characterize the photoinduced isomerization and back-isomerization, as well as the transitions between the singlet and triplet states of the dye. By employing a simple kinetic model, the rate constants of these processes can be determined. The model was used over a broad range of experimental conditions, where the influence on the isomerization properties of solvent viscosity, polarity, and temperature, excitation intensity and wavelength, and the presence of different side groups was investigated. We propose FCS as a useful and simple complementary approach to study isomerization processes of cyanine dyes yielding information about the rates of both the photoinduced isomerization and the back-isomerization, as well as of the kinetic properties of the triplet states. Our data show that for most excitation conditions relevant for ultrasensitive fluorescence spectroscopy a photostationary equilibrium is established between the isomeric forms, where approximately 50% of the Cy5 dye molecules can be expected to be in their weakly fluorescent cis states. The fluorophores therefore lose about half of their fluorescence capacity. This is of relevance for the performance of the dye in all applications of fluorescence spectroscopy where a high sensitivity or a fast readout is required, such as in single-molecule detection experiments and in many applications of confocal laser scanning microscopy.
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