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- Edvardsson, B., et al.
(författare)
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Internal service quality and the psychosocial work environment : An empirical analysis of conceptual interrelatedness
- 1997
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Ingår i: Service Industries Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0264-2069 .- 1743-9507. ; 17:2, s. 252-263
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a need to integrate service quality concepts withconcepts from other research fields, such as the psychosocialwork environment, to help us better understand and create abasis for quality control in services. The main aim of this paperis to explore empirically the relationships between thepsychosocial work environment and internal service qualily. Weuse concepts and measures derived from psychosocial workenvironment theory and service quality theory respectively. Datawere collected from 555 employees in a Swedish computerservice company using questions from a Stress Profile as well as from a Quality Profile. All 52 items from the Stress Projile and20 items from the Quality Profile were entered into a factoranalysis. The main result of the study is not the exact outcome ofthe factor analysis per se, but rather the point that questionsderived from two different research fields appear to measuredifferent mental representations of work conditions. Clearly,interdependence exists between the psyclzosocial workenvironment and internal quality. It is quite concmon to ncap adrestructure service processes in order to improve internal qualityin an attempt to solve quality problems created by organisationalchanges. We suggest that it should be equally inportant to takenieasures to increase work satisfaction by improvingpsychosocial work conditions
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| 6. |
- Hallman, T, et al.
(författare)
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Psychosocial risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD), their importance compared with other risk factors and gender differences in sensitivity
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Risk. - 1350-6277 .- 1473-5652. ; 8:1, s. 39-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Few studies have focused on risk factors in women's lives concerning psychosocial factors and coronary heart disease (CHD). The present study is one of a series in which a wide range of psychosocial factors will be analysed with a focus on women. Women and men have been compared with respect to sensitivity to psychosocial risk factors regarding CHD. The importance of psychosocial risk factors for women, compared with biomedical risk factors has also been studied. METHODS: A questionnaire (The Stress Profile) was answered by 538 rehabilitation participants (97 women, 441 men) and a reference group (5308 women, 5177 men), aged 40-65 years. Psychosocial factors were investigated using means and b-coefficients. Comparisons between psychosocial and biomedical risk factors were made, with respect to the product of the beta-coefficient and the standard deviation for each compared risk factor. RESULTS: Significant differences appeared concerning five areas: work content, workload and control, physical stress reactions, emotional stress reactions and burnout. All showed that the relative sensitivity was larger for women than for men. Predictive psychosocial risk factors for women with respect to CHD were physical stress reactions, emotional stress reactions, burnout, family relationships and daily hassles/satisfactions, and they were on approximately the same level as biomedical risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Women appear to be more sensitive than men with respect to psychosocial risk factors for CHD, and the predictive ability of psychosocial risk factors shows great importance. Actions against unhealthy psychosocial conditions are recommended. Both presumptive CHD patients and others might benefit from preventive actions, and since women are more sensitive they will probably gain more than men.
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- Larsson, Gerry, et al.
(författare)
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A Stress Reduction Program Led by Health Care Personnel : Effects on health and well-being
- 1991
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 1:2, s. 90-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to evaluate a stress control program which can be led by nurses. The program consisted of 10 three hour sessions conducted weekly. The meetings were devoted to theoretical lectures, discussions about personal stress experiences, and relaxation training. Participants read written material and practiced relaxation between sessions. Subjects in an intervention group showed significant changes in the following variables: fewer perceived daily hassles; more positive self-esteem; improved problem-focused coping capacity; improved eating and exercise habits; fewer self-reported psychological symptoms; improved subjective health status and well-being; lowered level of diastolic blood pressure; reduced waist-hip ratio; and an increase in actions taken against stressors. The results were discussed as promising but it was noted that the program seemed to attract a select group; women with academic training.
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| 13. |
- Larsson, Gerry, et al.
(författare)
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Routinization of stress control programs in organizations : A study of Swedish teachers
- 1990
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Ingår i: Health Promotion International. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0957-4824 .- 1460-2245. ; 5:4, s. 269-278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to design and evaluate a stress control programme which can be carried out by employees in work organizations without direct assistance from specialists. The target group was Swedish high school teachers. Using a two-step model, so called health teams at six high schools were trained by a specialist. A health team is usually comprised of three to five voluntarily recruited persons, generally a school nurse and a few teachers. After this training, the health teams arranged voluntary circles with their colleagues at their respective schools. A treatment group of teachers (n = 56) followed the programme. Programme participants learned relaxation, discussed various aspects of stress, and were equipped with target group adapted training materials. The circles met five to eight times at 2–3 week intervals, 1–3 h per session; all sessions were held during the subjects' spare time. Compared with a control group of teachers (n = 33), the programme participants reported significantly different mean responses in the following respects at a post-training assessment: (i) fewer perceived stressors in the work situation; (ii) more use of emotion-focused coping strategies such as distancing, positive reappraisal, seeking social-emotional support, and self-control, (iii) improved health behaviour (drinking, exercise, nutrition, relaxation and smoking); (iv) fewer physical and emotional stress reactions; (v) a more cheerful overall mood state and a higher sense of well-being and work satisfaction; (vi) less work-related ill health; (vii) a lower intensity of reaction in response to daily hassles; and (viii) an increase in actions taken against stressors-individually and collectively-at work and in the private situation. It was suggested that routinization of stress control programmes in work organizations requires the following: the presence of goal-oriented and entrepreneurial intraorganizational change agents to lead the programmes, the presence of a specialist to train and supervise the local change agents, the availability of comprehensive and target group adapted (raining aids, and formal implementation of the programme in the organizational structure.
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- Lindberg, G., et al.
(författare)
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Serum lipids and mood in working men and women in Sweden
- 1994
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Ingår i: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. - : BMJ. - 0143-005X .- 1470-2738. ; 48, s. 360-363
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- STUDY OBJECTIVE--To explore the link between serum cholesterol and suicide by investigating the relation between serum lipids and depressive symptoms. DESIGN--This was a cross sectional study of the relation between serum cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides on the one hand and depressive symptoms as expressed in a questionnaire on the other. SETTING--An organisational development programme in industry with assistance from occupational health care. PARTICIPANTS--A total of 644 male and 261 female employees (mainly white-collar workers) participated. MAIN RESULTS--Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol values were lower in those men who, sometimes, often, or very often, had experienced low mood or glumness during the past month compared with those who had not. Serum triglyceride concentrations did not differ between the groups. In women, however, the serum triglyceride value, but not the total cholesterol or LDL cholesterol, was lower in those who reported low mood, depression, or anxiety during the past six months. CONCLUSIONS--Decreasing appetite as a consequence of depression in men would probably lead to both decreasing cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. Thus, these data indicate the presence of some other explanation for the relation between the level of LDL cholesterol and depressive symptoms in men.
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- Setterlind, S., et al.
(författare)
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The Stress Profile : A psychosocial approach to measuring stress
- 1995
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Ingår i: Stress Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0748-8386 .- 1099-1700. ; 11:1, s. 85-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Stress Profile is a psychosocial instrument for measuring stress in life in general and at work at the levels of the individual, the group and the organization. It has been tested and standardized on more than 4000 men and women. The present article outlines the design and the developmental stages of the Profile. It also describes its use at individual and company levels. The impact of the scientific development of behavioural medicine has greatly improved and extended the application of behavioural methods. The Stress Profile is based on this methodological and scientific development. It is a questionnaire consisting of 224 questions, 20 of which concern background variables and ten criteria. The remaining questions map a number of areas derived from current stress research. The data are computer processed and a graphic profile is produced. This presentation includes illustrations of results from Swedish companies, where the Stress Profile has been used.
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| 26. |
- Sundin, L., et al.
(författare)
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Organisational factors, individual characteristics and social support : What determines the level of social support?
- 2006
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 27:1, s. 45-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A large body of research has linked social support to health, but there are fewer studies that have focused on factors that influence the level of social support available and/or perceived by employees in different organisations. This cross-sectional study therefore investigated the relationship between on the one hand, organisational, individual and socio-demographic factors and on the other, the level of social support at the workplace, i.e., the degree of supervisor support and a supportive work atmosphere. Organisational variables (job demands, job control, job content), individual (self-esteem, mistrust) and socio-demographic variables (type of employer, occupational position, age, gender and educational level) were used as independent variables in the analyses. The sample consisted of 16,144 individuals at a variety of different organisations in Sweden, who had responded to a questionnaire covering different psychosocial and psychological stress factors (“the Stress Profile”). Multiple hierarchical regression analyses were performed separately for each of the two dependent variables, which yielded almost identical results, and indicated that organisational determinants, particularly perceived job control, had the largest impact on the degree of social support.
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