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1.	Klionsky, Daniel J, et al. (författare) Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition). 2016 Ingår i: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 12:1, s. 1-222 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
2.	Klionsky, Daniel J., et al. (författare) Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy 2012 Ingår i: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 8:4, s. 445-544 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
3.	Jakobsson, J., et al. (författare) Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)1 2021 Ingår i: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 17:1, s. 1-382 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
4.	Lee, Kuan-Ying, et al. (författare) Exploring mediational roles for self-stigma in associations between types of problematic use of internet and psychological distress in youth with ADHD 2023 Ingår i: Research in Developmental Disabilities. - : Elsevier. - 0891-4222 .- 1873-3379. ; 133 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Several studies have linked the problematic use of the Internet (PUI) to psychological distress. Youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are considered a particular disadvantaged population with a high risk of developing PUI, psychological distress, and self-stigma. Nonetheless, the interrelationships of PUI, self-stigma, and psychological distress in ad-olescents with ADHD are not well understood.Aims: This study investigated whether self-stigma mediates relationships between different forms of PUI, such as problematic gaming (PG), problematic social media use (PSMU), problematic smartphone use (PSPU), and psychological distress (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress), in children with ADHD.Methods and procedures: We recruited 100 youth with ADHD (mean age=10.80 [SD=3.07] years; 84 boys) from psychiatric outpatient clinics in Taiwan. All participants were assessed for PUI (via Internet Gaming Disorder-Short Form for PG, Bergan Social Medica Addiction Scale for PSMU, and Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale for PSPU), self-stigma (via Self-Stigma Short -Scale), and psychological distress (via Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale).Outcomes and results: The results of path and bootstrapping analyses indicated that self-stigma mediated the associations between PSMU and PSPU, but not PG, and depression, anxiety, and stress.Conclusions and implications: This study expands the extant literature by revealing that self-stigma mediates the association between specific forms of PUI and psychological distress in adolescents with ADHD. Interventions aimed at reducing self-stigma and PUI, particularly PSMU and PSPU, may help decrease psychological distress among adolescents with ADHD.
5.	Duffy, Stephen W., et al. (författare) Mammography screening reduces rates of advanced and fatal breast cancers : Results in 549,091 women 2020 Ingår i: Cancer. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0008-543X .- 1097-0142. ; 126:13, s. 2971-2979 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: It is of paramount importance to evaluate the impact of participation in organized mammography service screening independently from changes in breast cancer treatment. This can be done by measuring the incidence of fatal breast cancer, which is based on the date of diagnosis and not on the date of death.Methods: Among 549,091 women, covering approximately 30% of the Swedish screening‐eligible population, the authors calculated the incidence rates of 2473 breast cancers that were fatal within 10 years after diagnosis and the incidence rates of 9737 advanced breast cancers. Data regarding each breast cancer diagnosis and the cause and date of death of each breast cancer case were gathered from national Swedish registries. Tumor characteristics were collected from regional cancer centers. Aggregated data concerning invitation and participation were provided by Sectra Medical Systems AB. Incidence rates were analyzed using Poisson regression.Results: Women who participated in mammography screening had a statistically significant 41% reduction in their risk of dying of breast cancer within 10 years (relative risk, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.51‐0.68 [P < .001]) and a 25% reduction in the rate of advanced breast cancers (relative risk, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.66‐0.84 [P < .001]).Conclusions: Substantial reductions in the incidence rate of breast cancers that were fatal within 10 years after diagnosis and in the advanced breast cancer rate were found in this contemporaneous comparison of women participating versus those not participating in screening. These benefits appeared to be independent of recent changes in treatment regimens.
6.	Tabar, Laszlo, et al. (författare) Early detection of breast cancer rectifies inequality of breast cancer outcomes 2020 Ingår i: Journal of Medical Screening. - : Sage Publications. - 0969-1413 .- 1475-5793. ; 28:1, s. 34-38 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objectives: To explain apparent differences among mammography screening services in Sweden using individual data on participation in screening and with breast cancer-specific survival as an outcome.Methods: We analysed breast cancer survival data from the Swedish Cancer Register on breast cancer cases from nine Swedish counties diagnosed in women eligible for screening. Data were available on 38,278 breast cancers diagnosed and 4312 breast cancer deaths. Survival to death from breast cancer was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier estimate, for all cases in each county, and separately for cases of women participating and not participating in their last invitation to screening. Formal statistical comparisons of survival were made using proportional hazards regression.Results: All counties showed a reduction in the hazard of breast cancer death with participation in screening, but the reductions for individual counties varied substantially, ranging from 51% (95% confidence interval 46-55%) to 81% (95% confidence interval 74-85%). Survival rates in nonparticipating women ranged from 53% (95% confidence interval 40-65%) to 74% (95% confidence interval 72-77%), while the corresponding survival in women participating in screening varied from 80% (95% confidence interval 77-84%) to 86% (95% confidence interval 83-88%), a considerably narrower range.Conclusions: Differences among counties in the effect of screening on breast cancer outcomes were mainly due to variation in survival in women not participating in screening. Screening conferred similarly high survival rates in all counties. This indicates that the performance of screening services was similar across counties and that detection and treatment of breast cancer in early-stage reduces inequalities in breast cancer outcome.
7.	Tabar, Laszlo, et al. (författare) Effect of Mammography Screening on Mortality by Histological Grade 2018 Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - : American Association for Cancer Research. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 27:2, s. 154-157 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: It has been asserted that mammography screening preferentially benefits those with less aggressive cancers, with lesser or no impact on more rapidly progressing and therefore more life-threatening tumors. Methods: We utilized data from the Swedish Two-County Trial, which randomized 77,080 women ages 40 to 74 to invitation to screening and 55,985 for usual care. We tabulated cancers by histologic grade and then compared mortality from cancers specific to histologic grade between the invited and control group using Poisson regression, with specific interest in the effect on mortality from grade 3 cancers. We used incidence-based mortality from tumors diagnosed within the screening phase of the trial. Finally, we cross-tabulated grade with tumor size and node status, to assess downstaging within tumor grades. Results: There was a major reduction in mortality from grade 3 tumors (RR = 0.65; 95% CI, 0.53-0.80; P < 0.001), and more deaths prevented from grade 3 tumors (n = 95) than grade 1 and 2 tumors combined (n = 48) in the invited group. The proportions of tumors >= 15 mm or larger and node-positive tumors were substantially reduced in the grade 3 tumors in the invited group. Conclusions: The combination of prevention of tumors progressing to grade 3 and detection at smaller sizes and lesser rates of lymph node metastases within grade 3 tumors results in a substantial number of deaths from grade 3 cancers being prevented by invitation to mammographic screening. Impact: Mammography screening prevents deaths from aggressive cancers.
8.	Tabar, Laszlo, et al. (författare) The incidence of fatal breast cancer measures the increased effectiveness of therapy in women participating in mammography screening 2019 Ingår i: Cancer. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0008-543X .- 1097-0142. ; 125:4, s. 515-523 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Women and their health care providers need a reliable answer to this important question: If a woman chooses to participate in regular mammography screening, then how much will this choice improve her chances of avoiding a death from breast cancer compared with women who choose not to participate? Methods: To answer this question, we used comprehensive registries for population, screening history, breast cancer incidence, and disease-specific death data in a defined population in Dalarna County, Sweden. The annual incidence of breast cancer was calculated along with the annual incidence of breast cancers that were fatal within 10 and within 11 to 20 years of diagnosis among women aged 40 to 69 years who either did or did not participate in mammography screening during a 39-year period (1977-2015). For an additional comparison, corresponding data are presented from 19 years of the prescreening period (1958-1976). All patients received stage-specific therapy according to the latest national guidelines, irrespective of the mode of detection. Results: The benefit for women who chose to participate in an organized breast cancer screening program was a 60% lower risk of dying from breast cancer within 10 years after diagnosis (relative risk, 0.40; 95% confidence interval, 0.34-0.48) and a 47% lower risk of dying from breast cancer within 20 years after diagnosis (relative risk, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.44-0.63) compared with the corresponding risks for nonparticipants. Conclusions: Although all patients with breast cancer stand to benefit from advances in breast cancer therapy, the current results demonstrate that women who have participated in mammography screening obtain a significantly greater benefit from the therapy available at the time of diagnosis than do those who have not participated.
9.	Tung, Serene En Hui, et al. (författare) Internet-Related Instruments (Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale, Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale, Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form, and Nomophobia Questionnaire) and Their Associations with Distress among Malaysian University Students 2022 Ingår i: Healthcare. - : MDPI. - 2227-9032. ; 10:8 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The present study evaluated the psychometric properties of four instruments related to internet use, namely the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale (SABAS), (nine-item) Internet Gaming Disorder Scale Short Form (IGDS9-SF), and Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMPQ) as well as their associations with psychological distress among Malaysian university students. A total of 380 Malaysian university students (71.6% females, mean age 24.0 years) were recruited through convenience sampling and completed an online survey including questions concerning socio-demographic background, social media addiction, smartphone addiction, internet gaming disorder, and nomophobia. Confirmatory factor analysis and Rasch analysis were applied to evaluate the psychometric properties of the instruments and Cronbach's alpha value and McDonald's omega value were used to confirm the internal consistency reliability of the instruments. The unidimensional structure was confirmed for the BSMAS, SABAS, and IGDS9-SF while the four-factor structure was confirmed for NMPQ. All instruments showed good internal consistency reliability. Promising validity and reliability were confirmed for BSMAS, SABAS, IGDS9-SF, and NMPQ. Therefore, they are useful to assess different types of problematic internet use among university students in Malaysia. Furthermore, a significant association was observed between internet use and psychological distress. The present study is the first to investigate the validity and reliability of BSMAS, SABAS, IGDS9-SF, and NMPQ among Malaysian university students using rigorous psychometric testing methods (i.e., Rasch analysis).
10.	Wu, Wendy Yi-Ying, et al. (författare) Imaging Biomarkers as Predictors for Breast Cancer Death 2019 Ingår i: Journal of Oncology. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1687-8450 .- 1687-8469. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background. To differentiate the risk of breast cancer death in a longitudinal cohort using imaging biomarkers of tumor extent and biology, specifically, the mammographic appearance, basal phenotype, histologic tumor distribution, and conventional tumor attributes. Methods. Using a prospective cohort study design, 498 invasive breast cancer patients diagnosed between 1996 and 1998 were used as the test cohort to assess the independent effects of the imaging biomarkers and other predictors on the risk of breast cancer death. External validation was performed with a cohort of 848 patients diagnosed between 2006 and 2010. Results. Mammographic tumor appearance was an independent predictor of risk of breast cancer death (P=0.0003) when conventional tumor attributes and treatment modalities were controlled. The casting type calcifications and architectural distortion were associated with 3.13-fold and 3.19-fold risks of breast cancer death, respectively. The basal phenotype independently conferred a 2.68-fold risk compared with nonbasal phenotype. The observed deaths did not differ significantly from expected deaths in the validation cohort. The application of imaging biomarkers together with other predictors classified twelve categories of risk for breast cancer death. Conclusion. Combining imaging biomarkers such as the mammographic appearance of the tumor with the histopathologic distribution and basal phenotype, accurately predicted long-term risk of breast cancer death. The information may be relevant for determining the need for molecular testing, planning treatment, and determining the most appropriate clinical surveillance schedule for breast cancer patients.
11.	Blunden, Jessica, et al. (författare) State of the Climate in 2012 2013 Ingår i: Bulletin of The American Meteorological Society - (BAMS). - 0003-0007 .- 1520-0477. ; 94:8, s. S1-S258 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract For the first time in serveral years, the El Nino-Southern Oscillation did not dominate regional climate conditions around the globe. A weak La Ni a dissipated to ENSOneutral conditions by spring, and while El Nino appeared to be emerging during summer, this phase never fully developed as sea surface temperatures in the eastern conditions. Nevertheless, other large-scale climate patterns and extreme weather events impacted various regions during the year. A negative phase of the Arctic Oscillation from mid-January to early February contributed to frigid conditions in parts of northern Africa, eastern Europe, and western Asia. A lack of rain during the 2012 wet season led to the worst drought in at least the past three decades for northeastern Brazil. Central North America also experienced one of its most severe droughts on record. The Caribbean observed a very wet dry season and it was the Sahel's wettest rainy season in 50 years. Overall, the 2012 average temperature across global land and ocean surfaces ranked among the 10 warmest years on record. The global land surface temperature alone was also among the 10 warmest on record. In the upper atmosphere, the average stratospheric temperature was record or near-record cold, depending on the dataset. After a 30-year warming trend from 1970 to 1999 for global sea surface temperatures, the period 2000-12 had little further trend. This may be linked to the prevalence of La Ni a-like conditions during the 21st century. Heat content in the upper 700 m of the ocean remained near record high levels in 2012. Net increases from 2011 to 2012 were observed at 700-m to 2000-m depth and even in the abyssal ocean below. Following sharp decreases in to the effects of La Ni a, sea levels rebounded to reach records highs in 2012. The increased hydrological cycle seen in recent years continued, with more evaporation in drier locations and more precipitation in rainy areas. In a pattern that has held since 2004, salty areas of the ocean surfaces and subsurfaces were anomalously salty on average, while fresher areas were anomalously fresh. Global tropical cyclone activity during 2012 was near average, with a total of 84 storms compared with the 1981-2010 average of 89. Similar to 2010 and 2011, the North Atlantic was the only hurricane basin that experienced above-normal activity. In this basin, Sandy brought devastation to Cuba and parts of the eastern North American seaboard. All other basins experienced either near-or below-normal tropical cyclone activity. Only three tropical cyclones reached Category 5 intensity-all in Bopha became the only storm in the historical record to produce winds greater than 130 kt south of 7 N. It was also the costliest storm to affect the Philippines and killed more than 1000 residents. Minimum Arctic sea ice extent in September and Northern Hemisphere snow cover extent in June both reached new record lows. June snow cover extent is now declining at a faster rate (-17.6% per decade) than September sea ice extent (-13.0% per decade). Permafrost temperatures reached record high values in northernmost Alaska. A new melt extent record occurred on 11-12 July on the Greenland ice sheet; 97% of the ice sheet showed some form of melt, four times greater than the average melt for this time of year. The climate in Antarctica was relatively stable overall. The largest maximum sea ice extent since records begain in 1978 was observed in September 2012. In the stratosphere, warm air led to the second smallest ozone hole in the past two decades. Even so, the springtime ozone layer above Antarctica likely will not return to its early 1980s state until about 2060. Following a slight decline associated with the global 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and cement production reached a record 9.5 +/- 0.5 Pg C in 2011 and a new record of 9.7 +/- 0.5 Pg C is estimated for 2012. Atmospheric CO2 concentrations increased by 2.1 ppm in 2012, to 392.6 ppm. In spring 2012, 2 concentration exceeded 400 ppm at 7 of the 13 Arctic observation sites. Globally, other greenhouse gases including methane and nitrous oxide also continued to rise in concentration and the combined effect now represents a 32% increase in radiative forcing over a 1990 baseline. Concentrations of most ozone depleting substances continued to fall.
12.	Bu, Junling, et al. (författare) Catalytic promiscuity of O-methyltransferases from Corydalis yanhusuo leading to the structural diversity of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids 2022 Ingår i: Horticulture Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2662-6810 .- 2052-7276. ; 9 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract O-methyltransferases play essential roles in producing structural diversity and improving the biological properties of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) in plants. In this study, Corydalis yanhusuo, a plant used in traditional Chinese medicine due to the analgesic effects of its BIA-active compounds, was employed to analyze the catalytic characteristics of O-methyltransferases in the formation of BIA diversity. Seven genes encoding O-methyltransferases were cloned, and functionally characterized using seven potential BIA substrates. Specifically, an O-methyltransferase (CyOMT2) with highly efficient catalytic activity of both 4′- and 6-O-methylations of 1-BIAs was found. CyOMT6 was found to perform two sequential methylations at both 9- and 2-positions of the essential intermediate of tetrahydroprotoberberines, (S)-scoulerine. Two O-methyltransferases (CyOMT5 and CyOMT7) with wide substrate promiscuity were found, with the 2-position of tetrahydroprotoberberines as the preferential catalytic site for CyOMT5 (named scoulerine 2-O-methyltransferase) and the 6-position of 1-BIAs as the preferential site for CyOMT7. In addition, results of integrated phylogenetic molecular docking analysis and site-directed mutation suggested that residues at sites 172, 306, 313, and 314 in CyOMT5 are important for enzyme promiscuity related to O-methylations at the 6- and 7-positions of isoquinoline. Cys at site 253 in CyOMT2 was proved to promote the methylation activity of the 6-position and to expand substrate scopes. This work provides insight into O-methyltransferases in producing BIA diversity in C. yanhusuo and genetic elements for producing BIAs by metabolic engineering and synthetic biology.
13.	Chang, Ching-Wen, et al. (författare) Problematic smartphone use and two types of problematic use of the internet and self-stigma among people with substance use disorders 2023 Ingår i: Addictive Behaviours. - : Elsevier. - 0306-4603 .- 1873-6327. ; 147 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Guided by the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model and a self-stigma framework, this study aimed to investigate relationships between cognitive and affective self-stigma and behavioral self-stigma, problematic use of internet (PUI), and problematic smartphone use (PSU) among people with substance use disorders (SUDs). It also examined mediating roles for affective self-stigma in the relationships between cognitive self-stigma and behavioral self-stigma/PUI/PSU.METHODS: Using a cross-sectional design, 530 participants diagnosed with SUDs in Taiwan were recruited from a psychiatric center in Taiwan. Mediation models were investigated using the Hayes' Process Macro Model 4.RESULTS: Mediation analyses indicated that cognitive self-stigma was directly associated with behavioral self-stigma (p < 0.001), but not with either types of PUI or PSU (p-values ranging from 0.41 to 0.76). Affective self-stigma was directly related to behavioral self-stigma (p < 0.001), two types of PUI, and PSU (β = 0.24-0.30; all p < 0.001); cognitive self-stigma was indirectly associated with behavioral self-stigma (β = 0.53; 95 % bootstrapping CI = 0.46, 0.60), two types of PUI, and PSU (β = 0.20-0.25; 95 % bootstrapping CI = 0.08-0.14, 0.31-0.37) via a mediating effect of affective self-stigma.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Findings support the I-PACE model in a self-stigma context. The findings also suggest that addressing affective self-stigma may help prevent or reduce behavioral self-stigma, PUI, and PSU among people with SUDs. Longitudinal studies are warranted to investigate over time relationships between self-stigma and PUI/PSU in people with SUDs.
14.	Chang, Rene Wei-Jung, et al. (författare) Precision Science on Incidence and Progression of Early-Detected Small Breast Invasive Cancers by Mammographic Features 2020 Ingår i: Cancers. - : MDPI. - 2072-6694. ; 12:7 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The aim was to evaluate how the inter-screening interval affected the performance of screening by mammographic appearances. This was a Swedish retrospective screening cohort study with information on screening history and mammography features in two periods (1977-1985 and 1996-2010). The pre-clinical incidence and the mean sojourn time (MST) for small breast cancer allowing for sensitivity by mammographic appearances were estimated. The percentage of interval cancer against background incidence (I/E ratio) was used to assess the performance of mammography screening by different inter-screening intervals. The sensitivity-adjusted MSTs (in years) were heterogeneous with mammographic features, being longer for powdery and crushed stone-like calcifications (4.26, (95% CI, 3.50-5.26)) and stellate masses (3.76, (95% CI, 3.15-4.53)) but shorter for circular masses (2.65, (95% CI, 2.06-3.55)) in 1996-2010. The similar trends, albeit longer MSTs, were also noted in 1977-1985. The I/E ratios for the stellate type were 23% and 32% for biennial and triennial screening, respectively. The corresponding figures were 32% and 43% for the circular type and 21% and 29% for powdery and crushed stone-like calcifications, respectively. Mammography-featured progressions of small invasive breast cancer provides a new insight into personalized quality assurance, surveillance, treatment and therapy of early-detected breast cancer.
15.	Chen, Sheng, et al. (författare) On the First Observed Wave-Induced Stress Over the Global Ocean 2020 Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans. - : AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION. - 2169-9275 .- 2169-9291. ; 125:12 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Despite many investigations/studies on the surface wave-induced stress, the global feature of the wave-induced stress has not been obtained previously as that requires a simultaneous observation of wave spectra and wind on a global scale. The China France Oceanography Satellite (CFOSAT) provided an opportunity for the first time to evaluate the global wave-induced stress and its contribution to the total wind stress. In this study, the global spatial distributions of wave-induced stress and its correlated index for August to November in 2019 are presented using the simultaneous ocean surface winds and wave spectra from the CFOSAT. The main results show that the wave-induced stress is fundamentally dependent on the wind and wave fields on a global scale and shows significant temporal and spatial variations. Further analyses indicate that there is an upward momentum flux under strong swells and low wind speeds (below similar to 5 m/s), and an anticorrelation between the dimensionless wave-induced stress and the proportion of swell energy to the total. Finally, the variations of the surface wave induced wind stress are clear asymmetric between northern and southern hemispheres in late summer but symmetric in late fall, which are closely associated with the seasonal changes in large-scale atmospheric circulation.
16.	Chiang, Cho-Han, et al. (författare) Performance of the European Society of Cardiology 0/1-Hour, 0/2-Hour, and 0/3-Hour Algorithms for Rapid Triage of Acute Myocardial Infarction : An International Collaborative Meta-analysis 2022 Ingår i: Annals of Internal Medicine. - 0003-4819. ; 175:1, s. 101-113 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: The 2020 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines recommend using the 0/1-hour and 0/2-hour algorithms over the 0/3-hour algorithm as the first and second choices of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn)-based strategies for triage of patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI).PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracies of the ESC 0/1-hour, 0/2-hour, and 0/3-hour algorithms.DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and Scopus from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2020. (PROSPERO: CRD42020216479).STUDY SELECTION: Prospective studies that evaluated the ESC 0/1-hour, 0/2-hour, or 0/3-hour algorithms in adult patients presenting with suspected AMI.DATA EXTRACTION: The primary outcome was index AMI. Twenty unique cohorts were identified. Primary data were obtained from investigators of 16 cohorts and aggregate data were extracted from 4 cohorts. Two independent authors assessed each study for methodological quality.DATA SYNTHESIS: A total of 32 studies (20 cohorts) with 30 066 patients were analyzed. The 0/1-hour algorithm had a pooled sensitivity of 99.1% (95% CI, 98.5% to 99.5%) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 99.8% (CI, 99.6% to 99.9%) for ruling out AMI. The 0/2-hour algorithm had a pooled sensitivity of 98.6% (CI, 97.2% to 99.3%) and NPV of 99.6% (CI, 99.4% to 99.8%). The 0/3-hour algorithm had a pooled sensitivity of 93.7% (CI, 87.4% to 97.0%) and NPV of 98.7% (CI, 97.7% to 99.3%). Sensitivity of the 0/3-hour algorithm was attenuated in studies that did not use clinical criteria (GRACE score <140 and pain-free) compared with studies that used clinical criteria (90.2% [CI, 82.9 to 94.6] vs. 98.4% [CI, 88.6 to 99.8]). All 3 algorithms had similar specificities and positive predictive values for ruling in AMI, but heterogeneity across studies was substantial. Diagnostic performance was similar across the hs-cTnT (Elecsys; Roche), hs-cTnI (Architect; Abbott), and hs-cTnI (Centaur/Atellica; Siemens) assays.LIMITATION: Diagnostic accuracy, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and cardiac troponin sampling time varied among studies.CONCLUSION: The ESC 0/1-hour and 0/2-hour algorithms have higher sensitivities and NPVs than the 0/3-hour algorithm for index AMI.PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: National Taiwan University Hospital.
17.	Dimopoulou, Efi, et al. (författare) 3 D нэгж талбарын анхны бүртгэлүүд (Initial Registration of 3D Parcelels) 2024 Ingår i: 3DКАДАСТРЫН ШИЛДЭГ ТУРШЛАГУУД (Best Practices 3D Cadastres). - : International Federation of Surveyors (FIG). - 9788792853646 ; , s. 67-94 Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Гурван хэмжээст (3 D үл хөдлөх хөрөнгийн талаарх ойлголт, үзэл баримтлалууд 90 ээд онысүүл үеэс эхлэн газар зохион байгуулалтын баримт бичиг болон судалгааны бүтээлүүдэдтусах болсон билээ. Өнөө цагт бид 3 D кадастрын талаар хийгдсэн судалгаа, өргөн цархүрээтэй ойлголт, шилд эг туршлагуудыг олон ном, судалгааны бүтээлүүдээс харж болно.Хэдий тийм боловч ихэнх улс орнуудад 3 D үл хөдлөх хөрөнгийн эрх зүйн зохицуулалтуудыгнарийвчлан тодорхойлж 3 D кадастрын системийг эрхлэх асуудал одоо хүртэл нарийншийдэгдэ эгүй, судлагдаагүй хэвээр байна.Энэ бүлэгт Европ, Хойд болон Латин Америк, Ойрх Дорнод, Австралийн нийт 15 өөр эрхзүйн орчин дахь 3 D үл хөдлөх хөрөнгийн үзэл баримтлалыг зохиогчдын өөрсдийнх ньүндэсний туршлагад тулгуурлан харьцуулан авч үзсэн болно. Түүнчлэн Герман, Франц,Скандинав з эрэг өөр өөр ялгаатай иргэний эрх зүйн орчин дэх 3 D кадастрын системийнжишээг авч үзсэн нь эдгээр улстай ижил төрлийн эрх зүйн систем хөгжсөн бусад орнуудад3D кадастрын системийг нэвтрүүлэхэд тус нэмэр болох буй заа. Гэхдээ эдгээр жишээ, сайнтуршлагууд нь 3 D кадастрын системийг нэвтрүүлэх, хэрэгжүүлэх гэх мэт өөр өөр үе шатандявж байгааг анхаарна биз ээ. Энэ нь 3 D үл хөдлөх хөрөнгийн үзэл баримтлал, 3 D кадастрынсистемийг нэвтрүүлэхэд тулгамдаж буй асуудлуудыг тодорхойлоход хувь нэмэр оруулахынзэрэгцээ тухайн эрх зүйн орчинд хараахан бий болоогүй байгаа бэрхшээл, асуудлуудыг
18.	Gao, Mingming, et al. (författare) Engineered 2D MXene-based materials for advanced supercapacitors and micro-supercapacitors 2024 Ingår i: Materials Today. - 1369-7021 .- 1873-4103. ; 72, s. 318-358 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract The class of two-dimensional transition metal carbides/nitrides/oxycarbides (known as MXenes) has shown great potential in energy storage applications due to their intrinsic layered structure, outstanding electrical conductivity, tunable surface chemistry, and unique physicochemical properties. This review summarizes the latest progresses of MXene-based materials for supercapacitors and micro-supercapacitors. First, state-of-the-art structural engineering strategies for the construction of novel MXene-based electrodes are highlighted, as the electrochemical performance of MXenes is influenced by their structure, such as interlayer spacing and surface functional group density. Furthermore, the charge storage mechanisms of MXene-based electrodes in different electrolytes are discussed to stimulate further design and development of tailored materials for high-performance devices. Moreover, different device fabrication technologies are summarized and the achievements of specific device geometries (e.g., fiber-shape, planar-type, and three-dimensional devices) containing MXene-based materials are critically reviewed. Finally, perspectives and outlook for the development of high-performance MXene-based electrodes in terms of material engineering, performance improvement and device innovation are provided, clearly indicating research directions for next-generation advanced energy storage devices.
19.	Gao, Ying, et al. (författare) Olive Stone Delignification Toward Efficient Adsorption of Metal Ions 2021 Ingår i: Frontiers in Materials. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-8016. ; 8 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Olive stone is an important biomaterial waste product generated in large amount. As a lignocellulose material, olive stone could be a sustainable resource for biosorbents. In this work, olive stone powder delignification using sodium chlorite (NaClO2) was performed to enhance metal ion adsorption capacity. The influence of the treatment on olive stone powder physical-chemical properties was studied, including specific surface area, surface chemistry, morphology, etc. The white, delignified olive stone powder was applied for metal ions (Fe3+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) adsorption. Olive stone delignification not only increases the accessibility of the olive stone powder but also broadens the applications to materials design with optical functions by the generation of a white powder.
20.	Guo, Ying, et al. (författare) A Complex Structural Variation on Chromosome 27 Leads to the Ectopic Expression of HOXB8 and the Muffs and Beard Phenotype in Chickens 2016 Ingår i: PLOS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 12:6 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Muffs and beard (Mb) is a phenotype in chickens where groups of elongated feathers gather from both sides of the face (muffs) and below the beak (beard). It is an autosomal, incomplete dominant phenotype encoded by the Muffs and beard (Mb) locus. Here we use genome-wide association (GWA) analysis, linkage analysis, Identity-by-Descent (IBD) mapping, array-CGH, genome re-sequencing and expression analysis to show that the Mb allele causing the Mb phenotype is a derived allele where a complex structural variation (SV) on GGA27 leads to an altered expression of the gene HOXB8. This Mb allele was shown to be completely associated with the Mb phenotype in nine other independent Mb chicken breeds. The Mb allele differs from the wild-type mb allele by three duplications, one in tandem and two that are translocated to that of the tandem repeat around 1.70 Mb on GGA27. The duplications contain total seven annotated genes and their expression was tested during distinct stages of Mb morphogenesis. A continuous high ectopic expression of HOXB8 was found in the facial skin of Mb chickens, strongly suggesting that HOXB8 directs this regional feather-development. In conclusion, our results provide an interesting example of how genomic structural rearrangements alter the regulation of genes leading to novel phenotypes. Further, it again illustrates the value of utilizing derived phenotypes in domestic animals to dissect the genetic basis of developmental traits, herein providing novel insights into the likely role of HOXB8 in feather development and differentiation.
21.	Hua, Kuo-Tai, et al. (författare) N-α-acetyltransferase 10 protein suppresses cancer cell metastasis by binding PIX proteins and inhibiting Cdc42/Rac1 activity 2011 Ingår i: Cancer Cell. - : Cell Press. - 1535-6108 .- 1878-3686. ; 19:2, s. 218-231 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract N-α-acetyltransferase 10 protein, Naa10p, is an N-acetyltransferase known to be involved in cell cycle control. We found that Naa10p was expressed lower in varieties of malignancies with lymph node metastasis compared with non-lymph node metastasis. Higher Naa10p expression correlates the survival of lung cancer patients. Naa10p significantly suppressed migration, tumor growth, and metastasis independent of its enzymatic activity. Instead, Naa10p binds to the GIT-binding domain of PIX, thereby preventing the formation of the GIT-PIX-Paxillin complex, resulting in reduced intrinsic Cdc42/Rac1 activity and decreased cell migration. Forced expression of PIX in Naa10-transfected tumor cells restored the migration and metastasis ability. We suggest that Naa10p functions as a tumor metastasis suppressor by disrupting the migratory complex, PIX-GIT- Paxillin, in cancer cells.
22.	Huang, Wen-Yi, et al. (författare) Effectiveness of using calligraphic activity to treat people with schizophrenia : a randomized controlled trial in Southern Taiwan 2022 Ingår i: THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN CHRONIC DISEASE. - : Sage Publications. - 2040-6223 .- 2040-6231. ; 13 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Prior research has shown preliminary evidence that calligraphy activity improves various body functions and decreases severity of psychotic symptoms in individuals with schizophrenia. However, major limitations of earlier studies include small and heterogeneous samples. The current large-scale randomized controlled trial examined effects of calligraphy activity on cognition (including attention), emotions, psychotic symptoms, quality of life, and mood in people with schizophrenia. Methods: One-hundred-and-fifty patients with schizophrenia were randomly allocated to the treatment group (receiving calligraphy activity) or the control group (receiving general activity), both of which lasted for 24weeks (70 minutes per session; one session per week). Assessments were conducted at pretest, posttest, and three-month follow-up. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Chu's Attention Test, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, World Health Questionnaire on the Quality of Life-Brief Form, and Visual Analogue Scale were used. Results: Improved cognition and attention were found in both groups, although no group effects were shown. The treatment group appeared to show lower severity of positive symptoms at follow-up than posttest, whereas the control group appeared to show the opposite pattern. Improved mood was found in the treatment group. Conclusion: This study provides evidence regarding effects of calligraphy activity on increasing cognition and potentially decreasing severity of positive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Calligraphy activity can be incorporated in clinical occupational therapy and may be provided to supplement medication treatment.
23.	Labbé, David P., et al. (författare) TOP2A and EZH2 provide early detection of an aggressive prostate cancer subgroup 2017 Ingår i: Clinical Cancer Research. - 1078-0432. ; 23:22, s. 7072-7083 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Purpose: Current clinical parameters do not stratify indolent from aggressive prostate cancer. Aggressive prostate cancer, defined by the progression from localized disease to metastasis, is responsible for the majority of prostate cancer–associated mortality. Recent gene expression profiling has proven successful in predicting the outcome of prostate cancer patients; however, they have yet to provide targeted therapy approaches that could inhibit a patient's progression to metastatic disease. Experimental Design: We have interrogated a total of seven primary prostate cancer cohorts (n = 1,900), two metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer datasets (n = 293), and one prospective cohort (n = 1,385) to assess the impact of TOP2A and EZH2 expression on prostate cancer cellular program and patient outcomes. We also performed IHC staining for TOP2A and EZH2 in a cohort of primary prostate cancer patients (n = 89) with known outcome. Finally, we explored the therapeutic potential of a combination therapy targeting both TOP2A and EZH2 using novel prostate cancer–derived murine cell lines. Results: We demonstrate by genome-wide analysis of independent primary and metastatic prostate cancer datasets that concurrent TOP2A and EZH2 mRNA and protein upregulation selected for a subgroup of primary and metastatic patients with more aggressive disease and notable overlap of genes involved in mitotic regulation. Importantly, TOP2A and EZH2 in prostate cancer cells act as key driving oncogenes, a fact highlighted by sensitivity to combination-targeted therapy. Conclusions: Overall, our data support further assessment of TOP2A and EZH2 as biomarkers for early identification of patients with increased metastatic potential that may benefit from adjuvant or neoadjuvant targeted therapy approaches.
24.	Liu, Chieh-Hsiu, et al. (författare) Burdens on caregivers of patients with stroke during a pandemic : relationships with support satisfaction, psychological distress, and fear of COVID-19 2022 Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2318. ; 22:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Caregivers have faced unprecedented circumstances throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, but previous research only minimally addresses the caregivers' burden. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between caregiver burden, psychological stress, satisfaction with support, and fear of COVID-19 in caregivers of patients with stroke during the pandemic.Methods: A cross-sectional survey study with total of 171 caregivers of patients with stroke in a community hospital in Taiwan. All participants completed the Zarit Burden Interview, Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21), satisfaction of support survey, and Fear of COVID-19 Scale. Pearson correlations were used to examine the bivariate correlations between study variables. Then, with the control of demographic confounders, a multiple linear regression model was applied with significant variables to construct and explain caregiver burden.Results: The proposed model significantly explained the caregiver burden of caregivers of patients with stroke. Specifically, the caregiver burden was negatively correlated with satisfaction with family support, but positively with psychological distress and the fear of COVID-19.Conclusions: Caregivers of patients with stroke will suffer a greater burden if they have lower satisfaction with family support, experienced higher psychological distress, and perceived more fear of the COVID-19 pandemic. Health professionals must address these concerns, support caregivers, and enhance available resources.
25.	Liu, Jiale, et al. (författare) STING inhibitors sensitize platinum chemotherapy in ovarian cancer by inhibiting the CGAS-STING pathway in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) 2024 Ingår i: Cancer Letters. - : Elsevier. - 0304-3835 .- 1872-7980. ; 588 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer hampers cure rates, with cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) playing a pivotal role. Despite their known impact on cancer progression and chemotherapy resistance, the specific mechanism by which CAFs regulate the tumor inflammatory environment remains unclear. This study reveals that cisplatin facilitates DNA transfer from ovarian cancer cells to CAFs, activating the CGAS-STING-IFNB1 pathway in CAFs and promoting IFNB1 release. Consequently, this reinforces cancer cell resistance to platinum drugs. High STING expression in the tumor stroma was associated with a poor prognosis, while inhibiting STING expression enhanced ovarian cancer sensitivity. Understanding the relevance of the CGAS-STING pathway in CAFs for platinum resistance suggests targeting STING as a promising combination therapy for ovarian cancer, providing potential avenues for improved treatment outcomes.
26.	Mensali, N, et al. (författare) Targeting B-cell neoplasia with T-cell receptors recognizing a CD20-derived peptide on patient-specific HLA 2016 Ingår i: Oncoimmunology. - 2162-4011. ; 5:5, s. e1138199- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
27.	Naghavi, Mohsen, et al. (författare) Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 2015 Ingår i: The Lancet. - 1474-547X .- 0140-6736. ; 385:9963, s. 117-171 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background Up-to-date evidence on levels and trends for age-sex-specifi c all-cause and cause-specifi c mortality is essential for the formation of global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013) we estimated yearly deaths for 188 countries between 1990, and 2013. We used the results to assess whether there is epidemiological convergence across countries. Methods We estimated age-sex-specifi c all-cause mortality using the GBD 2010 methods with some refinements to improve accuracy applied to an updated database of vital registration, survey, and census data. We generally estimated cause of death as in the GBD 2010. Key improvements included the addition of more recent vital registration data for 72 countries, an updated verbal autopsy literature review, two new and detailed data systems for China, and more detail for Mexico, UK, Turkey, and Russia. We improved statistical models for garbage code redistribution. We used six different modelling strategies across the 240 causes; cause of death ensemble modelling (CODEm) was the dominant strategy for causes with sufficient information. Trends for Alzheimer's disease and other dementias were informed by meta-regression of prevalence studies. For pathogen-specifi c causes of diarrhoea and lower respiratory infections we used a counterfactual approach. We computed two measures of convergence (inequality) across countries: the average relative difference across all pairs of countries (Gini coefficient) and the average absolute difference across countries. To summarise broad findings, we used multiple decrement life-tables to decompose probabilities of death from birth to exact age 15 years, from exact age 15 years to exact age 50 years, and from exact age 50 years to exact age 75 years, and life expectancy at birth into major causes. For all quantities reported, we computed 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). We constrained cause-specific fractions within each age-sex-country-year group to sum to all-cause mortality based on draws from the uncertainty distributions. Findings Global life expectancy for both sexes increased from 65.3 years (UI 65.0-65.6) in 1990, to 71.5 years (UI 71.0-71.9) in 2013, while the number of deaths increased from 47.5 million (UI 46.8-48.2) to 54.9 million (UI 53.6-56.3) over the same interval. Global progress masked variation by age and sex: for children, average absolute diff erences between countries decreased but relative diff erences increased. For women aged 25-39 years and older than 75 years and for men aged 20-49 years and 65 years and older, both absolute and relative diff erences increased. Decomposition of global and regional life expectancy showed the prominent role of reductions in age-standardised death rates for cardiovascular diseases and cancers in high-income regions, and reductions in child deaths from diarrhoea, lower respiratory infections, and neonatal causes in low-income regions. HIV/AIDS reduced life expectancy in southern sub-Saharan Africa. For most communicable causes of death both numbers of deaths and age-standardised death rates fell whereas for most non-communicable causes, demographic shifts have increased numbers of deaths but decreased age-standardised death rates. Global deaths from injury increased by 10.7%, from 4.3 million deaths in 1990 to 4.8 million in 2013; but age-standardised rates declined over the same period by 21%. For some causes of more than 100 000 deaths per year in 2013, age-standardised death rates increased between 1990 and 2013, including HIV/AIDS, pancreatic cancer, atrial fibrillation and flutter, drug use disorders, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and sickle-cell anaemias. Diarrhoeal diseases, lower respiratory infections, neonatal causes, and malaria are still in the top five causes of death in children younger than 5 years. The most important pathogens are rotavirus for diarrhoea and pneumococcus for lower respiratory infections. Country-specific probabilities of death over three phases of life were substantially varied between and within regions. Interpretation For most countries, the general pattern of reductions in age-sex specifi c mortality has been associated with a progressive shift towards a larger share of the remaining deaths caused by non-communicable disease and injuries. Assessing epidemiological convergence across countries depends on whether an absolute or relative measure of inequality is used. Nevertheless, age-standardised death rates for seven substantial causes are increasing, suggesting the potential for reversals in some countries. Important gaps exist in the empirical data for cause of death estimates for some countries; for example, no national data for India are available for the past decade.
28.	Rockey, William M., et al. (författare) Rational truncation of an RNA aptamer to prostate-specific membrane antigen using computational structural modeling 2011 Ingår i: Nucleic Acid Therapeutics. - : Mary Ann Liebert. - 2159-3337 .- 2159-3345. ; 21:5, s. 299-314 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract RNA aptamers represent an emerging class of pharmaceuticals with great potential for targeted cancer diagnostics and therapy. Several RNA aptamers that bind cancer cell-surface antigens with high affinity and specificity have been described. However, their clinical potential has yet to be realized. A significant obstacle to the clinical adoption of RNA aptamers is the high cost of manufacturing long RNA sequences through chemical synthesis. Therapeutic aptamers are often truncated postselection by using a trial-and-error process, which is time consuming and inefficient. Here, we used a rational truncation approach guided by RNA structural prediction and protein/RNA docking algorithms that enabled us to substantially truncateA9, an RNA aptamer to prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA),with great potential for targeted therapeutics. This truncated PSMA aptamer (A9L; 41mer) retains binding activity, functionality, and is amenable to large-scale chemical synthesis for future clinical applications. In addition, the modeled RNA tertiary structure and protein/RNA docking predictions revealed key nucleotides within the aptamer critical for binding to PSMA and inhibiting its enzymatic activity. Finally, this work highlights the utility of existing RNA structural prediction and protein docking techniques that may be generally applicable to developing RNA aptamers optimized for therapeutic use. © 2011 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
29.	Sheng, Min, et al. (författare) Humidity sensing properties of bismuth phosphates 2012 Ingår i: Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-4005. ; 166, s. 642-649 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Cubic sillenite-type and monoclinic bismuth phosphates were synthesized via hydrothermal methods. Structure and morphology of cubic Bi13.1PO delta and monoclinic BiPO4 were characterized with a variety of analytical methods including powder X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy methods and surface area measurements. The humidity sensing properties of both bismuth phosphate types were investigated with respect to their capacitance characteristics. Sillenite-type cubic bismuth phosphate exhibits better response behavior than monoclinic BiPO4. Cubic bismuth phosphate displays a capacitance change of up to 4 orders of magnitude over a relative humidity (RH) range from 11% to 95% together with a linear adsorption/desorption relationship. This promising humidity sensing behavior is related to the presence of a framework structure containing polarizable Bi3+ cations in combination with moderate phosphate doping. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
30.	Sheng, Rongrong, et al. (författare) Does hot weather affect work-related injury? A case-crossover study in Guangzhou, China 2018 Ingår i: International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health. - : Elsevier BV. - 1438-4639. ; 221:3, s. 423-428 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Despite increasing concerns about the health effects of climate change, the extent to which workers are affected by hot weather is not well documented. This study aims to investigate the association between high temperatures and work-related injuries using data from a large subtropical city in China. Methods: We used workers’ compensation claims to identify work-related injuries in Guangzhou, China during 2011–2012. To feature the heat effect, the study period was restricted to the warm seasons in Guangzhou (1 May-31 October). We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study to examine the association between ambient outdoor temperatures, including daily maximum and minimum temperatures, and cases of work-related injury. The relationships were assessed using conditional Poisson regression models. Results: Overall, a total of 5418 workers’ compensation claims were included over the study period. Both maximum and minimum temperatures were significantly associated with work-related injuries, but associations varied by subgroup. One °C increase in maximum temperature was associated with a 1.4% (RR = 1.014, 95%CIs 1.012–1.017) increase in daily injury claims. Significant associations were seen for male and middle-aged workers, workers in small and medium-sized enterprises, and those working in manufacturing sector. And 1 °C increase in minimum temperature was associated with 1.7% (RR = 1.017, 95%CIs 1.012–1.021) increase in daily injury claims. Significant associations were observed for female and middle-aged workers, workers in large-sized enterprises, and those working in transport and construction sectors. Conclusions: We found a higher risk of work-related injuries due to hot weather in Guangzhou, China. This study provides important epidemiological evidence for policy-makers and industry that may assist in the formulation of occupational safety and climate adaptation strategies.
31.	Stray-Pedersen, Asbjorg, et al. (författare) Primary immunodeficiency diseases : Genomic approaches delineate heterogeneous Mendelian disorders 2017 Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : MOSBY-ELSEVIER. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 139:1, s. 232-245 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDDs) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders thus far associated with mutations in more than 300 genes. The clinical phenotypes derived from distinct genotypes can overlap. Genetic etiology can be a prognostic indicator of disease severity and can influence treatment decisions. Objective: We sought to investigate the ability of whole-exome screening methods to detect disease-causing variants in patients with PIDDs. Methods: Patients with PIDDs from 278 families from 22 countries were investigated by using whole-exome sequencing. Computational copy number variant (CNV) prediction pipelines and an exome-tiling chromosomal microarray were also applied to identify intragenic CNVs. Analytic approaches initially focused on 475 known or candidate PIDD genes but were nonexclusive and further tailored based on clinical data, family history, and immunophenotyping. Results: A likely molecular diagnosis was achieved in 110 (40%) unrelated probands. Clinical diagnosis was revised in about half (60/ 110) and management was directly altered in nearly a quarter (26/ 110) of families based on molecular findings. Twelve PIDD-causing CNVs were detected, including 7 smaller than 30 Kb that would not have been detected with conventional diagnostic CNV arrays. Conclusion: This high-throughput genomic approach enabled detection of disease-related variants in unexpected genes; permitted detection of low-grade constitutional, somatic, and revertant mosaicism; and provided evidence of a mutational burden in mixed PIDD immunophenotypes.
32.	Tabár, László, et al. (författare) Evaluation issues in the Swedish Two-County Trial of breast cancer screening : An historical review 2017 Ingår i: Journal of Medical Screening. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD. - 0969-1413 .- 1475-5793. ; 24:1, s. 27-33 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objectives: To summarize debate and research in the Swedish Two-County Trial of mammographic screening on key issues of trial design, endpoint evaluation, and overdiagnosis, and from these to infer promising directions for the future. Methods: A cluster-randomized controlled trial of the offer of breast cancer screening in Sweden, with a single screen of the control group at the end of the screening phase forms the setting for a historical review of investigations and debate on issues of design, analysis, and interpretation of results of the trial. Results: There has been considerable commentary on the closure screen of the control group, ascertainment of cause of death, and cluster randomization. The issues raised were researched in detail and the main questions answered in publications between 1989 and 2003. Overdiagnosis issues still remain, but methods of estimation taking full account of lead time and of nonscreening influences on incidence (taking place mainly before 2005) suggest that it is a minor phenomenon. Conclusion: Despite resolution of issues relating to this trial in peer-reviewed publications dating from years, or even decades ago, issues that already have been addressed continue to be raised. We suggest that it would be more profitable to concentrate efforts on current research issues in breast cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
33.	Tabár, László, et al. (författare) Imaging biomarkers are underutilised but highly predictive prognostic factors for the more fatal breast cancer subtypes 2023 Ingår i: European Journal of Radiology. - : Elsevier. - 0720-048X .- 1872-7727. ; 166 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Purpose: The development and refinement of breast imaging modalities offer a wealth of diagnostic information such as imaging biomarkers, which are primarily the mammographic appearance of the various breast cancer subtypes. These are readily available preoperatively at the time of diagnosis and can enhance the prognostic value of currently used molecular biomarkers. In this study, we investigated the relative utility of the molecular and imaging biomarkers, both jointly and independently, when predicting long-term patient outcome according to the site of tumour origin.Methods: We evaluated the association of imaging biomarkers and conventional molecular biomarkers, (ER, PR, HER-2, Ki67), separately and combined, with long-term patient outcome in all breast cancer cases having complete data on both imaging and molecular biomarkers (n = 2236) diagnosed in our Institute during the period 2008–2019. Large format histopathology technique was used to document intra- and intertumoural heterogeneity and select the appropriate foci for evaluating molecular biomarkers.Results: The breast cancer imaging biomarkers were strongly predictive of long-term patient outcome. The molecular biomarkers were predictive of outcome only for unifocal acinar adenocarcinoma of the breast (AAB), but less reliable in the multifocal AAB cases due to variability of molecular biomarkers in the individual tumour foci. In breast cancer of mesenchymal origin (BCMO), conventionally termed classic invasive lobular carcinoma, and in cancers originating from the major lactiferous ducts (ductal adenocarcinoma of the breast, DAB), the molecular biomarkers misleadingly indicated favourable prognosis, whereas the imaging biomarkers in BCMO and DAB reliably indicated the high risk of breast cancer death. Among the 2236 breast cancer cases, BCMO and DAB comprised 21% of the breast cancer cases, but accounted for 45% of the breast cancer deaths.Conclusions: Integration of imaging biomarkers into the diagnostic workup of breast cancer yields a more precise, comprehensive and prognostically accurate diagnostic report. This is particularly necessary in multifocal AAB cases having intertumoural heterogeneity, in diffuse carcinomas (DAB and BCMO), and in cases with combined DAB and AAB. In such cases, the imaging biomarkers should be prioritised over molecular biomarkers in planning treatment because the latter fail to predict the severity of the disease. In combination with the use of the large section histopathology technique, imaging biomarkers help alleviate some of the current problems in breast cancer management, such as over- and under-assessment of disease extent, which carry the risk of overtreatment and undertreatment.
34.	Tian, Yu-peng, et al. (författare) Synthesis, crystal structure and NLO properties of a novel ruthenium(II) complex with unusual coordination mode 2005 Ingår i: Transition metal chemistry (Weinheim). - : Kluwer Academic Publishers. - 0340-4285 .- 1572-901X. ; 30:7, s. 778-785 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A new Schiff base 4-[N-hydroxyethyl-N-(methyl)amino]benzaldehyde S-methyl dithiocarbazate (HL, where H is a dissociable proton) and the ruthenium complex [Ru(bpy)2L]PF6 (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine) have been synthesized. The structural determinations of the ligand and its ruthenium complex, by X-ray crystallography, show that the ligand is coordinated as a monoanionic bidentate N, S-donor, forming a four-member chelate ring with a bite angle of 65.91°. The complex shows intense MLCT transitions in the visible region. Fluorescent and electrochemical properties have been also studied. The complex in DMF solution exhibited a strong two-photon absorption (t.p.a.) at 532 nm nanosecond laser pulses. The t.p.a. coefficient β, t.p.a. cross-section σ and the third-order optical nonlinearity χ(3) of the complex and the ligand have been determined by the Z-scan technique.
35.	Wang, Anqi, et al. (författare) Characterizing prostate cancer risk through multi-ancestry genome-wide discovery of 187 novel risk variants 2023 Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Nature. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 55:12, s. 2065-2074 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The transferability and clinical value of genetic risk scores (GRSs) across populations remain limited due to an imbalance in genetic studies across ancestrally diverse populations. Here we conducted a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of 156,319 prostate cancer cases and 788,443 controls of European, African, Asian and Hispanic men, reflecting a 57% increase in the number of non-European cases over previous prostate cancer genome-wide association studies. We identified 187 novel risk variants for prostate cancer, increasing the total number of risk variants to 451. An externally replicated multi-ancestry GRS was associated with risk that ranged from 1.8 (per standard deviation) in African ancestry men to 2.2 in European ancestry men. The GRS was associated with a greater risk of aggressive versus non-aggressive disease in men of African ancestry (P = 0.03). Our study presents novel prostate cancer susceptibility loci and a GRS with effective risk stratification across ancestry groups.
36.	Wang, Sheng-Jun, 1981-, et al. (författare) Influence of synaptic interaction on firing synchronization and spike death in excitatory neuronal networks 2008 Ingår i: Physical Review E. Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics. - New York : American Physical Society through the American Institute of Physics. - 1063-651X .- 1095-3787. ; 78:6, s. 061906- Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We investigate the influence of efficacy of synaptic interaction on firing synchronization in excitatoryneuronal networks. We find spike death phenomena: namely, the state of neurons transits from the limit cycleto a fixed point or transient state. The phenomena occur under the perturbation of an excitatory synapticinteraction, which has a high efficacy. We show that the decrease of synaptic current results in spike deaththrough depressing the feedback of the sodium ionic current. In the networks with the spike death property thedegree of synchronization is lower and insensitive to the heterogeneity of neurons. The mechanism of theinfluence is that the transition of the neuron state disrupts the adjustment of the rhythm of the neuronsoscillation and prevents a further increase of the firing synchronization.
37.	Weng, Sheng-Ying Isabella, et al. (författare) Melodic intonation perceived and performed by concertmasters 2023 Ingår i: e-Proceedings of The 17th International Conference on Music Perception and Cognition and The 7th Conference of the Asia-Pacific Society for the Cognitive Sciences of Music. - Tokyo : The College of Art, Nihon Uniersity, Tokyo, Japan. ; , s. 518-518 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Introduction During solo performances, classical soloists generally pay close attention to the produced sound, continuously assessing and adjusting it to enhance the musical experiences. Intonation, in terms of adjustments of interval sizes in musical performances, is generally considered a central expressive means (e.g., Sundberg, 2013). However, relationships between intonation in perception and performance of Western classical music have shown to be less straightforward than one might expect (see Ballard, 2011). It has been suggested that a useful approach within future research may be to study more advanced performers’ intonation practice (Morrison & Fyk, 2002). The present study aimed to address the relationships between accomplished violinists’ performance intonation and their intonation preferences as listeners. We focused merely on melodic intonation of leading tones in local melodic contexts, and asked to what extent violinists’ performance intonation might correspond to their listening preferences. Additionally, we were also curious about musicians’ reasonings regarding their choices of intonation.Methods 6 professional violinists, holding permanent positions as concertmasters in professional orchestras in Sweden, participated in the study. We selected 8 violin excerpts with ascending semitone intervals leading up to the tonic or the dominant. Each violinist performed the excerpts, and participated in a listening study and a semi-structured interview. Previously recorded versions of the excerpts, manipulated in terms of intonation of semitones, were used in the listening study to obtain information about each participant’s accepted range of semitone intervals.Results All violinists generally accepted an average semitone size between 80 and 90 cents both in their perceptual preferences and their performance practice. Their performed semitone sizes deviated only by 3 cents, on average, from the midpoints of their respective accepted ranges in the listening study. This indicates a relative consensus about what would be considered a “professional standard” of leading-tone intonation, which was also reflected in the participants’ reasonings in the interviews. However, the perceptual preferences and the performance intonation varied within and between individuals.Discussion Apart from the “standard” of sharp leading tones, our qualitative findings suggest that violinists also had their personal ideals concerning intonation and its use for expressive purposes. Such individuality indicates a latitude for personal interpretations, expressed in terms of intonational deviations from “the standard.” The observed intonational variation within and between individuals supports the previous conclusion that violin intonation may not be approximated by any single fixed tuning system (e.g., Geringer, 2018).Conclusion Our results suggest that these Swedish expert violinists, despite individual tendencies, perform in accordance with their listening preferences regarding intonation. We interpret such a consistency as an indication of high skill level. The present study raises questions about whether this might be true for professional violinists in other countries, or within other musical styles. ReferencesBallard, D. L. (2011). Relationships between college-level wind instrumentalists’ achievement in intonation perception and performance. Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education, 187, 19–32. https://doi.org/10.2307/41162321Geringer, J. M. (2018). Eight artist-level violinists performing unaccompanied Bach: Are there consistent tuning patterns? String Research Journal, 8(1), 51–61. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948499218769657Morrison, S. J., & Fyk, J. (2002). Intonation. In R. Parncutt, & G. E. McPherson (Eds.), The science and psychology of music performance: Creative strategies for teaching and learning (pp. 183–197). Oxford University Press.Sundberg, J. (2013). Perception of singing. In D. Deutsch (Ed.), The psychology of music (3rd edition) (pp. 69–105). Academic Press.
38.	Weng, Sheng-Ying Isabella, et al. (författare) Music students’ listening preferences for violin intonation 2022 Ingår i: Abstract Booklet of the Second International Conference Psychology and Music - Interdisciplinary Encounters, Belgrade, 2022. - Belgrade : Faculty of Music, University of Arts in Belgrade. - 9788681340516 ; , s. 216-217 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Background In Western Classical music, “good” intonation is often a highly desired quality in performance. Skilled musicians have to perform in such a way that even the most fastidious jury’s ears are satisfied. These expert adjustments of interval sizes, often deviating from equal tempered tuning, are generally considered as central expressive means in classical performance practice (e.g., Sundberg, 2013). Indeed, when working with instruments without fixed pitch, the performers are permitted the freedom to choose their own intonation without conforming to one strict standard (e.g., Geringer, 2018). However, listeners’ instrumental backgrounds and levels of expertise may influence group consensus regarding intonation preferences (Loosen, 1994). Also, the musical context has been shown to contribute to different widths of intonation tolerance (Fyk, 1982).Aims In the present study, we focused on assessment of melodic intonation on the violin as potentially variable between local musical contexts. We were interested to see 1) whether violin expertise strengthens listeners’ consensus regarding preferred deviations from equal temperament, and 2) whether preferences regarding narrow intonation of semitones are contextually determined by musical structure.Method 38 higher-education music students, 19 violin students and 19 music teacher students, participated in the study. Three intonation variants were created for twelve pre-recorded excerpts, by manipulating the intonation of chosen critical semitones to the sizes of 110, 90, and 70 cents. Selection of the excerpts was based on ascending semitones that brought about “melodic anchoring” (e.g., Bharucha, 1996) to tonally more stable tones on different levels of tonal structure (either first and fifth scale degrees or various local chord tones). In a two-alternative forced choice study, the participants listened to paired samples that were identical in every aspect, except the differences of 20 or 40 cents in intonation.Results By contrast to the teacher students, the violin students seemed to have a stronger consensus about deviating toward the sharper side from the equal temperament. More interestingly, the violinist group more often preferred the extremely sharp intonation in metrically unaccented positions, especially in the major mode. Such metrically sensitive preference for the narrowest minor seconds was not observed for the teacher students.Conclusions With the advantage of expert knowledge of the violin and its repertoire, the violinist group was more unanimous in their preference for what musicians often understand as “sharp leading tones”, and more sensitive to their placement in the musical structure. Our results suggest that intonation, as an aspect of musical expertise, cannot be fully understood without regard to the temporal structure of music.ReferencesBharucha, J. J. (1996). Melodic anchoring. Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 13(3), 383-400.Fyk, J. (1982) Perception of mistuned intervals in melodic context. Psychology of Music, Special Edition, 36-41.Geringer, J. M. (2018). Eight artist-level violinists performing unaccompanied Bach: Are there consistent tuning patterns? String Research Journal, 8(1), 51-61.Loosen, F. (1994). Tuning of diatonic scales by violinist, pianists, and nonmusicians. Perception & Psychophysics, 56(2), 221-226.Sundberg, J. (2013). Perception of singing. In D. Deutsch (Ed.), The psychology of music, 3rd ed. (pp. 69-105). Academic Press.
39.	Wu, Tzu-Yi, et al. (författare) Translation and Validation of the Gaming Disorder Test and Gaming Disorder Scale for Adolescents into Chinese for Taiwanese Young Adults 2023 Ingår i: Comprehensive Psychiatry. - : Elsevier. - 0010-440X .- 1532-8384. ; 124 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Purpose: To translate and cross-culturally adapt the Gaming Disorder Test (GDT) and Gaming Disorder Scale for Adolescents (GADIS-A) for use in Taiwan and to validate their internal consistency, construct validity, measurement invariance, and convergent validity in Taiwanese young adults.Methods: The GDT and GADIS-A were translated into traditional (unsimplified) Chinese characters and culturally adapted according to standard guidelines. A sample of 608 Taiwanese university students were recruited online. All participants completed the GDT, GADIS-A, Internet Gaming Disorder Scale – Short Form (IGDS9-SF), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω. Factor structure was examined using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Measurement invariance in gender was assessed by three nested models in CFA. Convergent validity was determined by calculating Pearson's r among the GDT, GADIS-A, IGDS9-SF, and DASS-21.Results: The GDT and GADIS-A showed adequate internal consistency (both α and ω = 0.90). The CFA results supported a one-factor structure for the GDT and a two-factor structure for the GADIS-A. Measurement invariance across gender was supported for both the GDT and GADIS-A. The convergent validity of the GDT and GADIS-A were acceptable.Conclusions: The Chinese versions of the GDT and GADIS-A are valid and reliable tools that can be used to assess gaming disorder in Taiwanese young adults. Measurement invariance across genders was supported for both tools. The convergent validity of the GDT and GADIS-A were also satisfactory.
40.	Xie, Sheng, et al. (författare) Design and synthesis of theranostic antibiotic nanodrugs that display enhanced antibacterial activity and luminescence 2017 Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 114:32, s. 8464-8469 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract We report the modular formulation of ciprofloxacin-based pure theranostic nanodrugs that display enhanced antibacterial activities, as well as aggregation-induced emission (AIE) enhancement that was successfully used to image bacteria. The drug derivatives, consisting of ciprofloxacin, a perfluoroaryl ring, and a phenyl ring linked by an amidine bond, were efficiently synthesized by a straightforward protocol from a perfluoroaryl azide, ciprofloxacin, and an aldehyde in acetone at room temperature. These compounds are propeller-shaped, and upon precipitation into water, readily assembled into stable nanoaggregates that transformed ciprofloxacin derivatives into AIE-active luminogens. The nanoaggregates displayed increased luminescence and were successfully used to image bacteria. In addition, these nanodrugs showed enhanced antibacterial activities, lowering the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by more than one order of magnitude against both sensitive and resistant Escherichia coli. The study represents a strategy in the design and development of pure theranostic nanodrugs for combating drug-resistant bacterial infections.
41.	Xu, Ping, et al. (författare) Gender Differences in the Associations Between Physical Activity, Smartphone Use, and Weight Stigma 2022 Ingår i: Frontiers In Public Health. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-2565. ; 10 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BackgroundPhysical activity (PA) is important for health. However, there is little evidence on how weight stigma, time spent on sedentary activities (including smartphone, social media, online learning), time spent on outdoor activity, and nomophobia associate with PA among Chinese individuals with consideration of gender. The present study examined the aforementioned associations in the COVID-19 pandemic era. MethodsUniversity students (N = 3,135; 1,798 females, 1,337 males) with a mean age of 19.65 years (SD = 2.38) years completed an online survey from November to December, 2021. The online survey assessed weight stigma (using the Perceived Weight Stigma Scale and Weight Bias Internalization Scale), PA (using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form), time spent on different activities (using self-designed items for time on smartphone, outdoor activity, social media, and online learning), and nomophobia (using the Nomophobia Questionnaire). Parallel mediation models were constructed (dependent variable: PA; mediators: perceived weight stigma, weight-related self-stigma, time spent on smartphone, time spent on outdoor activity, time spent on social media, and time spent online learning; independent variable: nomophobia) and evaluated using Hayes' Process Macro Model 4 (IBM SPSS 20.0). ResultsWeight-related self-stigma (beta = -0.06; p = 0.03), time spent on outdoor activity (beta = 0.21; p < 0.001), time spent on social media (beta = 0.07; p = 0.02), time spent on online learning (beta = 0.06; p = 0.03), and nomophobia (beta = -0.07; p = 0.01) were all significant factors explaining the PA among female participants. Perceived weight stigma (beta = -0.07; p = 0.01), time spent on outdoor activity (beta = 0.27; p < 0.001), and time spent on online learning (beta = 0.10; p = 0.002) were all significant factors explaining PA among male participants. ConclusionChinese healthcare providers should design programs on weight stigma reduction and outdoor activity improvement to enhance PA among university students.
42.	Xue, Tian-Tian, et al. (författare) Ignored Biodiversity in Acid Soil Islands in Karst Areas, South China : Impatiens longlinensis (Balsaminaceae), a New Critically Endangered Species 2020 Ingår i: Systematic Botany. - 0363-6445 .- 1548-2324. ; 45:4, s. 891-899 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The karst area in South China is notable for its fragile vegetation and unique flora with many narrow endemic species, and is one of the most threatened biodiversity hotspots in the world. However, the biodiversity of acid soil areas scattered in the karst area have previously been underestimated. With a recent increase of new discoveries of plants and animals, the conservation of biodiversity in these acid soil areas has become urgent. This study deals with a new species, Impatiens longlinensis . The new species is similar to I. yui and I. lasiophyton in having pubescence, two lateral sepals, funnelform lower sepal, and linear capsule. But it can be distinguished by having orbicular to obovate dorsal sepals and oblong to elliptic lower and upper lobes of lateral united petals. Moreover, molecular data and micro-morphological evidence also support that the species is new to science. The new species is only known from a valley near the summit of Mt. Jinzhongshan within an area of less than 5 km2. Based on the Red List categories and criteria developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, and the threat posed by exploitation for tourism development, we categorize it as Critically Endangered (CR).
43.	Yang, Yung-Ning, et al. (författare) Validation of the Thai Assessment of Criteria for Specific Internet-use Disorders (ACSID-11) among young adults 2023 Ingår i: BMC Psychiatry. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-244X. ; 23:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: The Assessment of Criteria for Specific Internet-use Disorders (ACSID-11) is a consistent and comprehensive instrument to assess symptoms of specific internet-use disorders including those related to gaming, shopping, pornography use disorder, social networks use and gambling considering criteria in the eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). However, to date, there is little evidence supporting instruments assessing major types of specific internet use disorders in Thailand. The aim of this present study was to assess the psychometric properties of the ACSID-11 among Thai young adults.Methods: A total of 612 participants were recruited. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) examined construct validity of the ACSID-11. Cronbach’s α and McDonald’s ω were used to assess reliability of the ACSID-11. Pearson correlations examined relationships between ACSID-11 domains and Internet Gaming Disorder Scale—Short Form (IGDS9-SF) scores.Results: The CFA supported validity of the Thai version of the ACSID-11 and a four-factor structure. Specific domains of the Thai ACSID-11, particularly gaming, were positively and significantly correlated with IGDS9-SF scores.Conclusions: Data indicate that the Thai version of the ACSID-11 is a valid and reliable instrument to assess major types of specific internet use disorders. Additional studies are needed to further examine the validity and reliability of the Thai ACSID-11.
44.	Ying, Keke, et al. (författare) Quasi-Synchronous Random Access for Massive MIMO-Based LEO Satellite Constellations 2023 Ingår i: IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0733-8716. ; 41:6, s. 1702-1722 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation-enabled communication networks are expected to be an important part of many Internet of Things (IoT) deployments due to their unique advantage of providing seamless global coverage. In this paper, we investigate the random access problem in massive multiple-input multiple-output-based LEO satellite systems, where the multi-satellite cooperative processing mechanism is considered. Specifically, at edge satellite nodes, we conceive a training sequence padded multi-carrier system to overcome the issue of imperfect synchronization, where the training sequence is utilized to detect the devices' activity and estimate their channels. Considering the inherent sparsity of terrestrial-satellite links and the sporadic traffic feature of IoT terminals, we utilize the orthogonal approximate message passing-multiple measurement vector algorithm to estimate the delay coefficients and user terminal activity. To further utilize the structure of the receive array, a two-dimensional estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique is performed for enhancing channel estimation. Finally, at the central server node, we propose a majority voting scheme to enhance activity detection by aggregating backhaul information from multiple satellites. Moreover, multi-satellite cooperative linear data detection and multi-satellite cooperative Bayesian dequantization data detection are proposed to cope with perfect and quantized backhaul, respectively. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of our proposed schemes in terms of channel estimation, activity detection, and data detection for quasi-synchronous random access in satellite systems.
45.	Ying, W, et al. (författare) Successful detection of a minor mumps outbreak using school absenteeism surveillance system in rural China 2013 Ingår i: TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH. - 1360-2276. ; 18, s. 212-213 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
46.	Ying, Yang, 1982- (författare) Inclusion Behaviour under a Swirl Flow in a Continuous Casting Process 2014 Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract A swirl flow generated in a submerged entry nozzle (SEN) can effectively improve a flow pattern and heat transfer in a continuous casting process by using the methods of “swirl blade type” and “electromagnetic type”. In order to obtain a further in-depth understanding with respect to the effect of a swirl flow on a continuous casting process, the inclusion behaviour in a SEN and a mold was studied in the present work. Moreover, the use of electromagnetics was adopted for to generate a rotating electromagnetic field in a continuous casting process of steel. Specifically, an electromagnetic swirl flow generator (EMSFG) was placed around a SEN.First of all, two kinds of a full type EMSFG and a half type EMSFG were designed based on mathematical modeling. Then, distributions of a magnetic flux intensity in an EMSFG as well as distributions of a Lorentz force in molten steel were simulated. It was found that the EMSFG structure and electromagnetic parameters have an important effect on the magnetic flux intensity and Lorentz force distributions. For both a full type and a half type EMSFG, the magnetic flux intensity and Lorentz force increases as the magnetomotive force increases. Especially, for a full type EMSFG, the magnetic flux intensity is distributed evenly in molten steel. Moreover, the Lorentz force increases along a radial direction in the molten steel in the SEN. However, for a half type EMSFG, the magnetic flux intensity and Lorentz force decreases gradually towards the region without an EMSFG. Consequently, a full type EMSFG with a 44000 AT magnetomotive force and a 50 Hz frequency is more suitable to apply in the operation of an EMSFG under actual production conditions.Secondly, the flow field, the temperature field of molten steel and the inclusion behaviour in a SEN and a square bloom mold were simulated under the influence of a rotating electromagnetic field (swirl generator). Also, the influences of different inclusion parameters such as the densities, sizes and boundary conditions, on the inclusion behavior were studied. The results show that a flow pattern in a SEN can be characterized into three distinct flow regions: an accelerating flow of molten steel from an electromagnetic swirl flow generator (EMSFG) inlet to an EMSFG center, a decelerating flow of molten steel from an EMSFG center to an EMSFG outlet, and a recirculation flow of molten steel from an EMSFG outlet to an SEN outlet. In addition, it was found that light Al2O3 inclusion moves towards the rotational center by a centrifugal force, and that a swirl flow prevents nozzle clogging. Moreover, it was also found that the inclusion separation to a mold meniscus increased and that the inclusions trap into a solidified shell wall decreased by using a swirl flow.
47.	You, Xiaohu, et al. (författare) Towards 6G wireless communication networks: vision, enabling technologies, and new paradigm shifts 2021 Ingår i: Science China Information Sciences. - : Science Press. - 1674-733X .- 1869-1919. ; 64:1 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract The fifth generation (5G) wireless communication networks are being deployed worldwide from 2020 and more capabilities are in the process of being standardized, such as mass connectivity, ultra-reliability, and guaranteed low latency. However, 5G will not meet all requirements of the future in 2030 and beyond, and sixth generation (6G) wireless communication networks are expected to provide global coverage, enhanced spectral/energy/cost efficiency, better intelligence level and security, etc. To meet these requirements, 6G networks will rely on new enabling technologies, i.e., air interface and transmission technologies and novel network architecture, such as waveform design, multiple access, channel coding schemes, multi-antenna technologies, network slicing, cell-free architecture, and cloud/fog/edge computing. Our vision on 6G is that it will have four new paradigm shifts. First, to satisfy the requirement of global coverage, 6G will not be limited to terrestrial communication networks, which will need to be complemented with non-terrestrial networks such as satellite and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication networks, thus achieving a space-air-ground-sea integrated communication network. Second, all spectra will be fully explored to further increase data rates and connection density, including the sub-6 GHz, millimeter wave (mmWave), terahertz (THz), and optical frequency bands. Third, facing the big datasets generated by the use of extremely heterogeneous networks, diverse communication scenarios, large numbers of antennas, wide bandwidths, and new service requirements, 6G networks will enable a new range of smart applications with the aid of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data technologies. Fourth, network security will have to be strengthened when developing 6G networks. This article provides a comprehensive survey of recent advances and future trends in these four aspects. Clearly, 6G with additional technical requirements beyond those of 5G will enable faster and further communications to the extent that the boundary between physical and cyber worlds disappears.
48.	Yuan, Shuai, et al. (författare) Health effects of high serum calcium levels : Updated phenome-wide Mendelian randomisation investigation and review of Mendelian randomisation studies 2022 Ingår i: EBioMedicine. - : Elsevier. - 2352-3964. ; 76 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract BackgroundCalcium plays a role in a wide range of biological functions. Here we conducted a phenome-wide Mendelian randomisation (MR-PheWAS) analysis and a systematic review for MR studies to comprehensively investigate the health effects of serum calcium.MethodsOne-hundred and thirty genetic variants strongly associated with serum calcium levels were used as instrumental variables. A phenome-wide association analysis (PheWAS) was conducted to examine the associations of genetically predicted serum calcium with 1473 distinct phenotypes in the UK Biobank including 339,197 individuals. Observed associations in PheWAS were further tested for replication in two-sample MR replication analysis. A systematic review for MR studies on serum calcium was performed to synthesize the published evidence and compare with the current MR-PheWAS findings.FindingsHigher genetically predicted calcium levels were associated with decreased risk of 5 diseases in dermatologic and musculoskeletal systems and increased risk of 17 diseases in circulatory, digestive, endocrine, genitourinary and immune systems. Eight associations were replicated in two-sample MR analysis. These included decreased risk of osteoarthritis and increased risk of coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, coronary atherosclerosis, hyperparathyroidism, disorder of parathyroid gland, gout, and calculus of kidney and ureter with increased serum calcium. Systematic review of 25 MR studies provided supporting evidence on five out of the eight disease outcomes, while the increased risk of gout, hyperparathyroidism and disorder of parathyroid gland were novel findings.InterpretationThis study found wide-ranged health effects of high serum calcium, which suggests that the benefits and adversities of strategies promoting calcium intake should be assessed
49.	Yunzhou, F, et al. (författare) Quantitative analysis of the timeliness and completeness for data collection in a syndromic surveillance system 2013 Ingår i: TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH. - 1360-2276. ; 18, s. 213-214 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
50.	Zhao, Qiao, et al. (författare) On the formation of a side product with hexahydroaporphine-like structure in the Grewe cyclization of dextromethorphan 2017 Ingår i: Research on Chemical Intermediates. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0922-6168 .- 1568-5675. ; 43:3, s. 1689-1708 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Factors leading to the formation of a hexahydroaporphine-like cyclizing side product were studied systematically for the first time and the ratio of this side product was controlled effectively. To understand better the electronic effect of substrates on the formation of side products, different 1-benzyloctahydroisoquinolines with substituted groups on nitrogen or benzene ring were compared. A plausible mechanism of cyclizing reaction was proposed, and key intermediates as well as transition states were analyzed using DFT calculations.

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