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- Shastri, S, et al.
(författare)
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HIV-1 discordant couples in Karnataka, South India: is the sex ratio of index cases changing?
- 2012
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Ingår i: International journal of STD & AIDS. - : SAGE Publications. - 1758-1052 .- 0956-4624. ; 23:7, s. 502-506
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- India has an estimated 2.5 million HIV infections, most of which are heterosexually transmitted. Women comprise 40% of infected adults. In India, 90% of women between the ages of 15 and 45 years are married. Previous literature has suggested that sexual intercourse with an HIV-infected husband represents a married woman's greatest risk for being infected. However, a recent meta-analysis of discordant couples from sub-Saharan Africa reported that women were the index case in half of all couples. Similar data are not available from India. This cross-sectional study describes the epidemiology of 925 discordant couples from five districts in Karnataka province, one of the high HIV prevalence provinces in India. Men were the index case in 74% of couples. However, in young couples (where the index case was aged <30 years), women were more likely to be the infected partner (64% of couples). Condom use was reported by 46% of these discordant couples. These results suggest an emerging predominance of female index case infections among younger discordant couples in India, and point to the need for focusing HIV preventive messages on youth and couples before marriage.
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- Gupta, S, et al.
(författare)
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Performance of genotypic tools for prediction of tropism in HIV-1 subtype C V3 loop sequences
- 2015
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Ingår i: Intervirology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0100 .- 0300-5526. ; 58:1, s. 1-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Currently, there is no consensus on the genotypic tools to be used for tropism analysis in HIV-1 subtype C strains. Thus, the aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of the different V3 loop-based genotypic algorithms available. We compiled a dataset of 645 HIV-1 subtype C V3 loop sequences of known coreceptor phenotypes (531 R5-tropic/non-syncytium-inducing and 114 X4-tropic/R5X4-tropic/syncytium-inducing sequences) from the Los Alamos database (http://www.hiv.lanl.gov/) and previously published literature. Coreceptor usage was predicted based on this dataset using different software-based machine-learning algorithms as well as simple classical rules. All the sophisticated machine-learning methods showed a good concordance of above 85%. Geno2Pheno (false-positive rate cutoff of 5-15%) and CoRSeqV3-C were found to have a high predicting capability in determining both HIV-1 subtype C X4-tropic and R5-tropic strains. The current sophisticated genotypic tropism tools based on V3 loop perform well for tropism prediction in HIV-1 subtype C strains and can be used in clinical settings.
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