| 1. |
- Manduca, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring Absolute Income Mobility : Lessons from North America and Europet
- 2024
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Ingår i: American Economic Journal. - : American Economic Association. - 1945-7782 .- 1945-7790. ; 16:2, s. 1-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We use linked parent-child administrative data for five countries in North America and Europe, as well as detailed survey data for two more, to investigate methodological challenges in the estimation of absolute income mobility. We show that the commonly used "copula and marginals" approximation methods perform well across countries in our sample, and the greatest challenges to their accuracy stem not from assumptions about relative mobility rates over time but from the use of nonrepresentative marginal income distributions. We also provide a multicountry analysis of sensitivity to specification decisions related to age of income measurement, income concept, family structure, and price index. (JEL D31, G51, I31, J12, J31, J62)
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| 2. |
- Sirnio, Outi, et al.
(författare)
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Cohort differences in intergenerational income transmission in Finland
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta Sociologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0001-6993 .- 1502-3869. ; 60:1, s. 21-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Major social changes such as occupational restructuring, educational expansion and increasing income inequality are likely to significantly influence the intergenerational transmission of income. The aim in this article is to investigate this question in an analysis of the transmission of low and high income in Finland in five birth cohorts born between 1956 and 1978. The focus is on the contribution of parental social class and personal educational level to this association. The analyses are based on a longitudinal register-based data set that is a representative 11-per-cent sample of the Finnish population. The level of intergenerational income transmission among those with a low- and a high-income parental background is stable among men, and is increasing slightly among women. Simultaneously, the role of achieved education as a mechanism strengthens slightly upon entry to the lowest income level, and declines upon entry to the highest level. These results indicate that despite the increasing income inequality, intergenerational transmission remains rather stable, but the mediating role of educational qualifications may have changed. Occupational restructuring seems to have no clear influence on the process.
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| 3. |
- Sirnio, Outi, et al.
(författare)
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Income trajectories after graduation : An intergenerational approach
- 2016
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Ingår i: Advances in Life Course Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1040-2608. ; 30, s. 72-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Labor-market outcomes depend on educational attainment, but parental background also plays a role. By applying sociological perspective to income and combining the classical intergenerational approach with a study of intragenerational mobility, we analyze the direct association between parental background and achieved labor-market outcomes. We focus on income trajectories within the same level of achieved education by parental income. Using register-based data covering the whole Finnish population, we analyze those who graduated in 1995-2000 for eight years after graduation by means of repeated measures linear regression. The results show that following entry into the labor market higher parental income is associated with higher incomes even after adjustment for education, labor market status, and childbearing. The effects of parental income are observed within all education groups except for those with highest education, and for men and women. We further demonstrate that parental income is associated with either higher starting level or faster growth of incomes within most education groups. The implication is that intergenerational associations are complex processes that are shaped across the whole life course.
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