| 1. |
- Fridlund, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Essentials of Nursing Care in Randomized Controlled Trials of Nurse-Led Interventions in Somatic Care : A Systematic Review
- 2014
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Ingår i: Open Journal of Nursing. - Irvine : Scientific Research Publishing. - 2162-5336 .- 2162-5344. ; 4:3, s. 181-197
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Nursing practice has to contribute to evidence pointing out why there is a need for more nurse-designed randomized control trials (RCTs) focusing on evidence-based practice (EBP). How far this EBP has progressed in different health aspects is usually established by systematic reviews of RCTs. Nurse-led RCTs exist but no study has addressed the essentials of nursing care. Aim: The aim was therefore to determine the essentials of nurses’ interventions by means of nurse-led RCTs in somatic care focusing on the stated context, goals, content, strategies as well as the nurse’s role related to effectiveness. Methods: A systematic review was realized according to Cochrane review assumptions to identify, appraise and synthesize all empirical evidence meeting pre-specified eligibility criteria. The PRISMA statement guided the data extraction process (n = 55) from PubMed and CINAHL. Results: Of the RCTs in somatic care, 71% showed a positive effectiveness of nurse-led interventions, of which the nurse had a significant role with regard to being the main responsible in 67% of the studies. Also, 47% of the RCTs presented a theoretical standpoint related to the nurse-led interventions and most prominent were international evidence-based guidelines. Goals were found to have either a patient-centered or a professional-centered ambition. Strategies were based on patient-directed initiatives, nurse-patient-directed initiatives or nurse-directed initiatives, while contents were built upon either a patient-nurse interaction or a nursing management plan. Conclusions: This review underlines the necessity of a holistic view of a person, as nurse-led RCTs comprising a patient-centered ambition, patient-directed initiative and patient-nurse interaction plan showed beneficial nursing care effectiveness, particularly if theory-based. In a nurse-led RCT, a basic theoretical perspective is advantageous as well as to elucidate the role of the nurse in relation to the estimated effects.
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| 2. |
- Momeni, Naghi, et al.
(författare)
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A novel blood-based biomarker for detection of autism spectrum disorders
- 2012
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Ingår i: Translational Psychiatry. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2158-3188. ; 2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are classified as neurological developmental disorders. Several studies have been carried out to find a candidate biomarker linked to development of these disorders, but up to date no reliable biomarker is available. Mass spectrometry techniques have been used for protein profiling of blood plasma of children with such disorders in order to identify proteins/peptides which may be used as biomarkers for detection of the disorders. Three differentially expressed peptides with mass charged (m/z) values of 2,020 ± 1, 1,864 ± 1, and 1,978 ± 1 Da in heparin plasma of children with ASD which were significantly changed as compared to the peptide pattern of the non-ASD control group are reported here. This novel set of biomarkers allows for a reliable blood based diagnostic tool that may be used in diagnosis and potentially, in prognosis of ASD.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Momeni, Naghi, et al.
(författare)
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High complement factor I activity in the plasma of children with autism spectrum disorders
- 2012
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Ingår i: Autism Research and Treatment. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 2090-1925 .- 2090-1933.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are neurodevelopmental and behavioural syndromes affecting social orientation, behaviour, and communication that can be classified as developmental disorders. ASD is also associated with immune system abnormality. Immune system abnormalities may be caused partly by complement system factor I deficiency. Complement factor I is a serine protease present in human plasma that is involved in the degradation of complement protein C3b, which is a major opsonin of the complement system. Deficiency in factor I activity is associated with an increased incidence of infections in humans. In this paper, we show that the mean level of factor I activity in the ASD group is significantly higher than in the control group of typically developed and healthy children, suggesting that high activity of complement factor I might have an impact on the development of ASD.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Persson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Screening for Infants With Developmental Deficits and/or Autism A Swedish Pilot Study.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Nursing: Nursing Care of Children and Families. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-8449. ; 21:4, s. 24-313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument (SEEK) for the early detection of developmental deficits and/or autistic spectrum disorders among children by the age of 8 months at eight child health care centers in southern Sweden. Health visitors, trained by the research team, screened 312 infants. SEEK captured 5 infants with several points. Twenty-one percent of the infants obtained at least one SEEK point. At the 18-month follow-up, 5 children still showed more obvious signs of developmental problems. The health visitors found SEEK to be very satisfactory and easy and quick to use and its items and questions to be easy to administer. The results have indicated a new systematic methodology to examine infants, which is to be further developed.
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| 7. |
- Sivberg, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Screening of infants at eight months for atypical development in primary health care in southern Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Early Child Development and Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0300-4430 .- 1476-8275. ; 186:2, s. 287-306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Screening studies of a population in primary health care are sparsely reported. The aim was to describe observed atypical behaviours that may be associated with autism spectrum conditions, in a population (n = 4329) of infants at eight months. Observations were performed by paediatric nurses. An observational instrument, named SEEK developed for child health care, was used focusing on social interaction, communication, motor skills, and an interview with parents. The analysis contains descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and a logistic regression model (cut-point 8 SEEK points). Infants scoring 8 points or more were observed a second time by psychologists and judged to be in the risk zone for atypical development. Delayed reaction to stimuli and preverbal language development were significant atypical behaviours together with deficits in communication skills, the latter more often among boys than girls. However, 7% scored 4 points or more indicating minor developmental problems. Catching early signs are crucial for both proactive care and intervention. © 2015 Taylor & Francis.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Benderix, Ylva, et al.
(författare)
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Parents' experience of having a child with autism and learning disabilities living in a group home: A case study.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Autism. - : SAGE Publications. - 1362-3613 .- 1461-7005. ; 10:6, s. 629-641
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some children with autism and learning disabilities also have aberrant behaviours that are difficult to regulate and stressful for both the child and family members. This case study concerns experiences of 10 parents from five families before and 2 years after entrusting their 10- to 11-year-old child with autism to a group home. Hermeneutic phenomenological analysis of narrative interviews with the parents before the child’s moving showed them experiencing grief and sorrow, total exhaustion because of inability to regulate their child’s behaviours, social isolation, and negative effects on the child’s siblings, but experiencing themselves as more sympathetic than previously towards other people with problems. Two years later they experienced relief for the family due to the group home arrangement and the child’s improvement, but with an ethical dilemma which made them feel guilty, despite increased hope for the future. Some also felt unhappy with the staff situation at the group home.
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| 11. |
- Benderix, Ylva, et al.
(författare)
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Siblings experience of having a brother or sister with autism and mental retardation : A case of fourteen siblings from five different families
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0882-5963 .- 1532-8449. ; 22:5, s. 410-418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe the present and past experiences of 14 siblings from five families in terms of having abrother or sister with autism and mental retardation. Personal interviews were conducted with the siblings before their brothersor sisters were moved to a newly opened group home. Qualitative content analysis was used for the analysis of the transcribedtexts. The analysis resulted in seven content categories: precocious responsibility, feeling sorry, exposed to frightening behavior,empathetic feelings, hoping that a group home will be a relief, physical violence made siblings feel unsafe and anxious, andrelations with friends were affected negatively. The conclusion is that these siblings' experiences revealed stressful lifeconditions. Counseling for the family and for siblings is recommended to help them deal with their feelings and problems. Forthe siblings in these five families, a group home was a relevant alternative as a temporary or permanent placement for the childwith autism and mental retardation.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Benderix, Ylva, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Staff members views of the work climate in sheltered homes for adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders
- 2009
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 29:2, s. 38-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mean scores of the Creative Climate Questionnaire for 152 staff members working in 58 sheltered homes for individuals with autism wererated closer to creative than to stagnant organizations. There was a significant difference between two types of settings. In sheltered homes, thepersons with autism had their daily activity outside the home. Here staff members had higher scores in all creative dimensions compared tohomes with daily activities. Staff in sheltered homes, where the residents leave the premises for their daily work or activities, perceived the workclimate as significantly more creative and satisfying.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Eklund, K., et al.
(författare)
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Are digital images good enough? A comparative study of conventional film-screen vs digital radiographs on printed images of total hip replacement.
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Radiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084. ; 14:5, s. 865-869
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the inter- and intra-observer variability and to find differences in diagnostic safety between digital and analog technique in diagnostic zones around hip prostheses. In 80 patients who had had a total hip replacement (THR) for more than 2 years, a conventional image and a digital image were taken. Gruen's model of seven distinct regions of interest was used for evaluations. Five experienced radiologists observed the seven regions and noted in a protocol the following distances: stem-cement; cement-bone; and stem-bone. All images were printed on hard copies and were read twice. Weighted kappa, kappa(w), analyses were used. The two most frequently loosening regions, stem-cement region 1 and cement-bone region 7, were closely analyzed. In region 1 the five observers had an agreement of 86.75-97.92% between analog and digital images in stem-cement, which is a varied kappa(w) 0.29-0.71. For cement-bone region 7 an agreement of 87.21-90.45% was found, which is a varied kappa(w) of 0.48-0.58. All the kappa values differ significantly from nil. The result shows that digital technique is as good as analog radiographs for diagnosing possible loosening of hip prostheses.
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| 16. |
- Eklund, Pernilla, et al.
(författare)
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Adolescents' lived experience of epilepsy
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuroscience Nursing. - 0888-0395. ; 35:1, s. 9-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To improve the well-being of adolescents with epilepsy, research is needed on how adolescents cope. In this study, Lazarus' model of stress and coping and Antonovsky's Theory of Sense of Coherence were used as the theoretical framework. The aim was to describe the lived experience of adolescents with epilepsy and their coping skills. The participants were 13-19 years old with an epilepsy diagnosis but without mental retardation or cerebral palsy. The study was performed in southern Sweden at the pediatric department of a university hospital. Semistructured and open-ended interviews were conducted with 13 adolescents. The transcripts were analyzed with manifest and latent content analysis. All the adolescents had developed strategies to cope with the emotional strains caused by epilepsy. They experienced strains from the seizures, limitation of leisure activities, side effects of medication, and feelings of being different. The coping strategies described were finding support, being in control, and experimenting.
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| 17. |
- Ekwall, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Dimensions of informal care and quality of life among elderly family caregivers.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 1471-6712 .- 0283-9318. ; 18:3, s. 239-248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate dimensions of caregiving activities among elderly (75+) caregivers based on Nolan's model and to study the dimensions in relation to health-related quality of life (Short Form 12). Responses to a Swedish postal survey (n = 4278, response rate 75-79 years old: 60%; 80-84: 56%; 85-89: 48% and 90+: 42%) showed that 783 persons (18%) were helping another person due to that person's impaired health, 41.6% women, mean age for women 81.8 years (SD 4.96) and for men 81.7 years (SD 4.32). The postal questionnaire included SF-12, demographic data and questions about caregiving activities derived from Nolan's model, social network and contacts with health care. Adapting their activities to be prepared if something happened (52%), having regular contact to prevent problems (35%), helping in contacts with the hospital (57%), helping with instrumental activities of daily living (49%), personal activities of daily living (14%), medical care (11%) and helping to improve functions (14%) were the activities reported. Adapting own activities, regular contact, weak economy and needing instrumental help with daily living oneself predicted low MCS12. The importance of early involvement on the part of the caregivers was emphasized.
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| 18. |
- Ekwall, Anna K, et al.
(författare)
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Loneliness as a predictor of quality of life among older caregivers.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 49:1, s. 23-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim. This paper reports a study investigating quality of life in relation to loneliness, caregiving, social network, gender, age and economic status among caregiving men and women in a population-based sample aged 75 years or older.Background. Because of demographic changes, in the future more care for older people will be given by informal caregivers who are themselves older. Being old and caring for another older person may affect various aspects of life, such as physical and emotional health and decreased time for respite, which may affect social life and quality of life.Method. A postal questionnaire including the Short Form Health Survey was used. The sample consisted of 4278 people, aged 75 years and over, living in Sweden. Of these, 783 (18) were caregivers.Findings. Caregivers had a larger social network and reported feelings of loneliness less often than non-caregivers. Forty per cent of caregivers helped every day. There were gender differences in experiences of loneliness during the last year, with the frequency of intense feelings of loneliness being higher among women. Loneliness and a small or non-existent network were significantly associated with low quality of life among caregivers, as well as in the total sample. The results showed significant association between loneliness, weak social network and low mental quality of life.Conclusions. The fact that loneliness was the most important factor predicting low quality of life among caregivers, as well as older people in general, indicates that it is crucial in the care of older people. From a nursing perspective, the findings indicate the advantage of helping older people to keep up and develop their social networks. Nursing care should involve steps to maintain the social network before an older person becomes too weak, since decreased health status makes social contacts more difficult.
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| 19. |
- Garmy, Pernilla, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Adolescents' lived experience of epilepsy
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuroscience Nursing. - 0888-0395 .- 1945-2810. ; 35:1, s. 40-49
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To improve the well-being of adolescents with epilepsy, research is needed on how adolescents cope. In this study, Lazarus' model of stress and coping and Antonovsky's Theory of Sense of Coherence were used as the theoretical framework. The aim was to describe the lived experience of adolescents with epilepsy and their coping skills. The participants were 13-19 years old with an epilepsy diagnosis but without mental retardation or cerebral palsy. The study was performed in southern Sweden at the pediatric department of a university hospital. Semistructured and open-ended interviews were conducted with 13 adolescents. The transcripts were analyzed with manifest and latent content analysis. All the adolescents had developed strategies to cope with the emotional strains caused by epilepsy. They experienced strains from the seizures, limitation of leisure activities, side effects of medication, and feelings of being different. The coping strategies described were finding support, being in control, and experimenting.
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| 20. |
- Garmy, Pernilla, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Overweight And Lifestyle In Ten-Year-Old Children
- 2007
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 27:1, s. 27-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Overweight in childhood and adolescence is a major public health problem due to its medical and psychosocial consequences. The aim of this study was to investigate overweight and life style factors in children aged 10. The sample consisted of 138 children 10 years of age from three public primary schools in southern Sweden from whom data on height, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI) and life style were obtained during 2003–2004. Differences in life style factors between the overweight and the non-overweight children were investigated using the chi-square test and Fisher exact test. The association between life style factors and overweight was studied using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Omitting lunch at school and feeling tired at school were found to be associated with overweight. Headache and the experience of being bullied were significantly more common among the overweight children. Overweight was found in 24% of the children, a fourth of whom (6%) were obese. This is important problems that school nurses need to confront. A new and interesting finding obtained was that omitting lunch at school was associated with overweight. Additional longitudinal studies of the impact of life style factors on paediatric overweight are needed to assess school-based preventive programmes.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Glasdam, Stinne, et al.
(författare)
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Nurse-led interventions in the concept of randomized controlled trials – critical perspectives on how to handle social contexts
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Multiple Research Approaches. - : Dialectical Publishing. - 1834-0806 .- 1834-0814.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article focuses on the randomized clinical trial (RCT) as research method in nursing interventions and problematizes its methodological ability and delimitations considering the use of this method in the healthcare. It aims to examine if and how RCT in nurse-led interventions are handling questions concerned with contextual in fluences. A systematic literature review was conducted, consisting of 55 RCT from 2006 to 2010. The results show: all interventions were placed in a social arena and address interactions but did reflect the meaning and importance of the social context in the design. RCT operates as if no contextual impact exists, and at the same time, make claims to guide and change actions in the clinical practice. This has implications for the understanding of evidence-based nursing according to the Evidence Hierarchy. Further discussion concerning RCT design and impact in clinical practices are called for.
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| 23. |
- Hemle Jerntorp, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Fathers' lived experiences of caring for their preterm infant at the neonatal unit and in neonatal home care after the introduction of a parental support programme : A phenomenological study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 35:4, s. 1143-1151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To describe fathers’ lived experiences of caring for their preterm infant at the neonatal unit and in hospital-based neonatal home care after the introduction of an individualised parental support programme. Method: Seven fathers from a larger study were included due to their rich narrative interviews about the phenomenon under study. The interviews took place after discharge from neonatal home care. The theoretical perspective was descriptive phenomenology. Giorgi’s outlines for phenomenological analysis were used. Findings. The general structure of the phenomenon was described by the following four themes: The partner was constantly present in the fathers’ minds; The fathers’ were occupied by worries and concerns; The fathers felt that they were an active partner to the professionals and Getting the opportunity to take responsibility. The fathers were satisfied with the support and treatment during their infant’s hospitalisation. However, there were times when they felt excluded and not fully responsible for their infant. The fathers prioritised the mother, thus ignoring their own needs. Furthermore, they worried about their infant’s health and the alteration of their parental role. Neonatal home care was experienced as a possibility to regain control over family life. Conclusion: The general structure of fathers’ experiences highlights the importance of professionals becoming more responsive to fathers’ needs and to tailoring support to fathers by focusing on their individual experiences and needs.
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| 24. |
- Hubel, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Brief report : development and initial testing of a questionnaire version of the Environmental Rating Scale (ERS) for assessment of residential programs for individuals with autism
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of autism and developmental disorders. - : Springer. - 0162-3257 .- 1573-3432. ; 38:6, s. 1178-1183
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a lack of validated autism-specific outcome measures for large-scale evaluation of the effectiveness of psycho-educational programmes. To fill this gap the Environment Rating Scale (ERS) was adapted from an interview version to a staff-completed questionnaire version (ERS-Q). The ERS-Q was tested regarding data quality, validity, reliability and ease of understanding amongst 18 residential staff members. The ERS-Q and ERS showed comparable reliability (alpha = 0.89 and 0.93, respectively) and their correlation was 0.73. These observations support that the ERS interview can be adapted into a questionnaire without substantial loss of conceptual meaning. However, further evaluations in larger samples are needed to more firmly evaluate the measurement properties.
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| 25. |
- Hübel, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Brief Report: Development and Initial Testing of a Questionnaire Version of the Environmental Rating Scale (ERS) for Assessment of Residential Programs for Individuals with Autism
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0162-3257 .- 1573-3432. ; 38:6, s. 1178-1183
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a lack of validated autism-specific outcome measures for large-scale evaluation of the effectiveness of psycho-educational programmes. To fill this gap the Environment Rating Scale (ERS) was adapted from an interview version to a staff-completed questionnaire version (ERS-Q). The ERS-Q was tested regarding data quality, validity, reliability and ease of understanding amongst 18 residential staff members. The ERS-Q and ERS showed comparable reliability (alpha = 0.89 and 0.93, respectively) and their correlation was 0.73. These observations support that the ERS interview can be adapted into a questionnaire without substantial loss of conceptual meaning. However, further evaluations in larger samples are needed to more firmly evaluate the measurement properties.
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| 26. |
- Hubel, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric properties of the questionnaire version (ERS-Q) of the Environmental Rating Scale (ERS) for assessment of residential programmes for individuals with autism
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research. - 1501-7419 .- 1745-3011. ; 12:4, s. 245-256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Environmental Rating Scale (ERS) is the only autism spectrum disorders (ASD) specific tool for assessment of residential services and treatment models. However, one limitation with the ERS is its dependence on expert observations and interviews, particularly in larger scale studies. The ERS has therefore been adapted into a staff self-report questionnaire (ERS-Q). Here the measurement properties of the ERS-Q were examined according to traditional test theory criteria. Data provided support for summation of raw item scores into total and subscale ERS-Q scores and item-total correlations indicated that items within scales tap a common construct, suggesting that the ERS-Q is useful in survey as well as interventional studies. As such the ERS-Q appears a valuable addition to the current ASD research toolbox. The Environmental Rating Scale (ERS) is the only autism spectrum disorders (ASD) specific tool for assessment of residential services and treatment models. However, one limitation with the ERS is its dependence on expert observations and interviews, particularly in larger scale studies. The ERS has therefore been adapted into a staff self-report questionnaire (ERS-Q). Here the measurement properties of the ERS-Q were examined according to traditional test theory criteria. Data provided support for summation of raw item scores into total and subscale ERS-Q scores and item-total correlations indicated that items within scales tap a common construct, suggesting that the ERS-Q is useful in survey as well as interventional studies. As such the ERS-Q appears a valuable addition to the current ASD research toolbox.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Hübel, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of Life of an Adolescent Boy with Autism and Intellectual Impairment, a unique housing situation.
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Journal of Disability, Community and Rehabilitation. - 1703-3381. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedIndividuals with the diagnosis of autism need well-functioning home environment to make progress and achieve an acceptable level of quality of life (QoL). Long-term mapping of the daily life of individual persons with disabilities with the purpose of understanding their living situation is rare. The present study deals with the QoL of an adolescent boy with autism and intellectual impairment and living in an apartment of his own together with four caregivers, during a period of three and a half years. This single case study reports the qualitative analysis of the caregivers' open diary and repeated interviews capturing the boy's daily life and explores the staff's experiences of the boy's living situation. The results describe how important aspects for the QoL such as communication, activities, mood and regulation, were influenced by the boy's home care environment. The staff paid most attention to the boy's mood and meal-related situations and seemed to be unaware of the importance of improving communication. Findings in the diary and the interviews indicate that the boy seemed to regress in important skills and abilities despite the efforts of the staff.
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| 29. |
- Hübel, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Staff's Collaborative work process with an adolescent boy with autism and intellectual disability in a community-based sheltered housing
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research. - : Stockholm University Press. - 1501-7419 .- 1745-3011. ; 10:1, s. 49-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this single-case study was to describe the staff's collaborative work process for a period of 3.5 years caring for an adolescent boy with autism and intellectual disabilities living in an apartment of his own together with his caregivers. The longitudinal data included the staff's (two men and two women) common open diary, repeated individual interviews and focus group interviews. Detailed content analysis of the diary and the interviews indicated that the staff's perceptions of their pedagogical work, teamwork and work conditions changed from a positive to a largely negative view, appearing to affect the pedagogical strategies adopted. Also, it became visible that the unique work situation, involving a lack of actual goals, feedback and pedagogical supervision may have negatively affected the collaborative work process and the staff's effort to establish structure and consensus in the pedagogical work.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Jansson, Annkristin, et al.
(författare)
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First-time mothers' satisfaction with early encounters with the nurse in child healthcare: home visit or visit to the clinic?
- 2002
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Ingår i: Acta Pædiatrica. - 1651-2227. ; 91:5, s. 571-577
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe first-time mothers' views of satisfaction with their first encounter with the nurse, in order to investigate differences between home visits and clinic visits and between high/middle and low socioeconomic classification (SEC). A nation-wide postal questionnaire sent to 800 first-time mothers yielded the data for statistical analysis. Data were collected using a modified version of the questionnaire "Quality of Care from the Patient's Perspective", the part concerning child healthcare. The results showed that mothers who had received home visits were more content with the encounter than were mothers who had to visit the clinic. This particularly concerned advice on breastfeeding, being able to talk to the nurse in peace and quiet, and the fact that the nurse took time and was personal. In contrast, the mothers who had received a home visit were less content with the competence of the nurse when she examined the child. Mothers of low SEC were less satisfied with the first encounter than were mothers of high/middle SEC with regard to several points. Conclusion: Home visits were shown to have advantages over visits to the clinic. Mothers of low SEC were less satisfied with the first encounter with the nurse than were mothers in the high/middle SEC.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Kristensson Ekwall, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Older caregivers' coping strategies and sense of coherence in relation to quality of life.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 57:6, s. 584-596
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim. This paper reports a study to investigate coping strategies and sense of coherence in relation to gender, the extent of care, caregiving activities and health-related quality of life in a population-based sample of caregivers aged 75 and over. Background. Caring for another person can be stressful both emotionally, and caregiver burden may affect quality of life in a negative way for the carer. Caregivers’ experience of burden may depend on for example, the behaviour of the person cared for, their own health and their sense of coherence. Older people take a great part of caregiving responsibility and thus understanding of their strain and coping is required. Methods. A postal survey was carried out in 2001 with 171 informal caregivers, aged 75 or older. The response rate was 47%. The questionnaire included the Short-Form 12, Carer's Assessment of Managing Index, and Sense of Coherence instrument. Results. Almost 70% of caregivers provided help every day. Higher health-related quality of life was predicted by using self-sustaining coping strategies and by high sense of coherence. Poor economic situation and demanding social and practical support predicted low scores. Conclusion. These findings could help identify those at risk of low quality of life due to caregiving, dysfunctional coping or lack of information about care. Early intervention, including education about alternative coping strategies and practical information, might allow caregivers better possibilities to continue caring with less negative effects on their lives.
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| 36. |
- Lindberg, Catharina, et al.
(författare)
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A trajectory towards partnership in care : patient experiences of autonomy in intensive care, a qualitative study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Intensive & Critical Care Nursing. - : Elsevier. - 0964-3397 .- 1532-4036. ; 31:5, s. 294-302
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe and elucidate patient experinces of autonomy in an intensive care context from a caring perspective. Patients in intensive care units (ICUs) are critically ill and in a dependent and vulnerable position. There is thus a risk of staff taking command not only of the patients' vital functions but also of their decision-making. A qualitative design was selected. Individual interviews were conducted with 11 adult patients with an intensive care episode of two days or more at six Swedish ICUs. Data were analysed using Inductive Content Analysis. Patient autonomy in intensive care was shown to be "A trajectory towards partnership in care depending on state of health and mutual understanding". It was experienced through acknowledged dependence, being recognised as a person, invited participation and becoming a co-partner in care. Patients in need of intensive care wanted to be involved in making decisions about their care as this creates a trusting and healthy care environment. Greater awarness is required about the ICU patient not only being a passive care recipient but also an active agent and where involvment in decision-making and participation in care are crucial.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Lindberg, Catharina, et al.
(författare)
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Befriending everyday life when bringing technology into the private sphere
- 2017
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Ingår i: Qualitative Health Research. - : Sage Publications. - 1049-7323 .- 1552-7557. ; 27:6, s. 843-854
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the findings of our phenomenological interview study concerning the meaning of being an autonomous person while dependent on advanced medical technology at home. This was elucidated in the participants' narratives as befriending everyday life when bringing technology into the private sphere. We discovered four constituents of the phenomenon: befriending the lived body, depending on good relationships, keeping the home as a private sphere, and managing time. The most important finding was the overall position of the lived body by means of the illness limiting the control over one's life. We found that the participants wanted to be involved in and have influence over their care to be able to enjoy autonomy. We therefore stress the importance of bringing the patients into the care process as chronic illness will be a part of their everyday life for a long time to come, hence challenging patient autonomy.
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| 39. |
- Lindberg, Catharina, et al.
(författare)
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Concept analysis : patient autonomy in a caring context
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 10:70, s. 2208-2221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is a report of an analysis of the concept of patient autonomy. Many problems regarding patient autonomy in healthcare contexts derive from the patient´s dependent condition as well as the traditional authoritarian position of healthcare professionals. Existing knowledge and experince reveal a lack of consensus among nurses regarding the meaning of this ethical concept. This is a concept analysis with data sources: MedLine, CINAHL, The Cochrane Library and PsycINFO, searched 2005-June 2013 using the search blocks 'autonomy', 'patient', and 'nursing/caring'. A total of 41 articles were retrieved. The Evolutionary Method of Concept Analysis by Rodgers was used to identify and construct the meaning of the concept of patient autonomy in a caring context. Five attributes were identified, thus creating the following descriptive definition: 'Patient autonomy is a gradual, time-changing process of (re-)constructing autonomy through the interplay of to be seen as a person, the capacity to act and the obligation to take responsibility for one's actions'. Patient vulnerability was shown to be the antecedent of patient autonomy and arises due to an impairment of a person's physical and/or mental state. The consequences of patient autonomy were discussed in relation to preserving control and freedom. Conclusion: Patient autonomy in a caring context does not need to be the same before, during and after a care episod. A tentative model has been constructed, thus extending the understanding of this critical concept in a caring context.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Lundberg, Bertil, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of rejection by mental health patients - A qualitative study
- 2013
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Ingår i: Health. - : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 1949-4998 .- 1949-5005. ; 5:10, s. 1553-1560
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aim: People suffering from mental illness and their experiences of attitudes towards them are rarely investigated from the perspective of the individual. The aim was to gain an understanding of how a group of mental health patients experienced social relationships in personal settings as well as in society. Method: Open interviews with twenty-five mental health patients were conducted and analysed with a qualitative content analysis. Result: The essence of the result was that mental health patients’ experiences are still not taken enough into account, neither by mental health professionals nor by their social networks. This was underpinned by four core categories: Patients’ experience of deteriorated and reduced social contacts due to various degrees of acceptance and knowledge of people in general; service users reported on difficulties with social contacts in general, with family relationships, relationships with friends and workmates and with employers; reduced life opportunities were expressed, including violated self-image and poor coping competence and, ambivalent experiences of contact with the mental health services were reported. Conclusion and clinical implication: The present study contributes to the understanding of mental health patients’ experiences of professional services and of their social networks. This knowledge may strengthen the implications of patient-centred care essential for the outcome of the care.
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| 43. |
- Lundqvist, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Parents’ journey caring for a preterm infant until discharge from hospital-based neonatal home care—A challenging process to cope with
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 28:15-16, s. 2966-2978
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims and objectives: To present parents’ lived experience of having a preterm infant cared for at the neonatal unit until discharge from hospital-based neonatal home care (HNHC). Background: Becoming a parent to a preterm infant has been reported as an experience that may influence the parent's lifeworld also after discharge. Interventions have been implemented at the NICUs, for example introduction of family-centred care aiming to reduce parent–infant separation, increased integration of the parents, to support them in their altered parental role. Design: A descriptive phenomenological interview study. Methods: Six parent couples at a NICU in Sweden were included and interviewed individually after discharge from HNHC. The interviews were analysed from the perspective of caring sciences using a descriptive phenomenological method. The study followed the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) checklist. Result: The journey from birth to discharge from hospital-based neonatal home care affected the parents’ lifeworld. The parents’ experiences differed. Mothers experienced more physiological reactions that triggered feelings of existential loneliness and guilt and difficulties in combining the role of mother with partner. The fathers faced conflicts managing their partners’ demands, family challenges and employers who claimed their time and energy, which negatively affected their transition into fatherhood. Both mothers and fathers experienced ambivalent feelings in the relationships with the professional staff, which was more strongly expressed by the mothers. Conclusion: It is important for healthcare providers to help parents clarify their individual needs and values in caring for a preterm infant to help them achieve parental and family well-being. Relevance to clinical practice: These findings can guide healthcare providers to help parents improve care for their preterm infants in the NICU. Integrating a person-centred approach such as supportive person-centred dialogues focused on parents’ individual needs might be one way to support parents.
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| 44. |
- Momeni, Naghi, et al.
(författare)
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Alterations of prolyl endopeptidase activity in the plasma of children with autistic spectrum disorders
- 2005
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Ingår i: BMC Psychiatry. - 1471-244X. ; 5:27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Prolyl Endopeptidase (PEP, EC 3.4.21.26), a cytosolic endopeptidase, hydrolyses peptide bonds on the carboxyl side of proline residue in proteins with a relatively small molecular weight. It has been shown that altered PEP activity is associated with various psychological diseases such as schizophrenia, mania and depression. Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are neuropsychiatric and behavioural syndromes affecting social behaviours and communication development. They are classified as developmental disorders. The aim of this study was to examine the hypothesis that PEP activity is also associated with ASDs. METHODS: Fluorometric assay was used to measure PEP activity in EDTA plasma in children with ASD (n = 18) aged 4-12 years (mean +/- SD: 7.9 +/- 2.5). These results were then compared to PEP activity in a control group of non-ASD children (n = 15) aged 2-10 years (mean +/- SD: 6.4 +/- 2.2). RESULTS: An alteration in PEP activity was found in the children with ASD compared to the control group. There was much greater variation of PEP activity in the group of ASD children when compared to the controls (SD= 39.9 and SD 9.6, respectively). This variation was significant (p < 0.0005), although the mean level of PEP activity in the group of ASD children was slightly higher than in the control group (124.4 and 134.1, respectively). CONCLUSION: Our preliminary finding suggests a role for PEP enzyme in the pathophysiology of autism but further research should be conducted to establish its role in the aetiology of psychiatric and neurological disorders, including autism and related spectrum disorders.
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| 45. |
- Månsson, Catrin, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of an individualised neonatal parent support programme on parental stress : a quasi-experimental study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 33:3, s. 677-687
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To evaluate the impact on parental stress of an individualised neonatal parent support programme. Method: A quasi-experimental design. Parents of preterm infants, at a level II NICU, were consecutively assigned to a control group (n = 130) and to an intervention group (n = 101). The programme focused on person-centred communication and consisted of four individual nurse–parent dialogues during the infants’ hospitalisation. The Swedish version of the Parental Stressor Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit was used to assess parental stress. Result: The total stress scores did not vary significantly between the control and intervention groups either for mothers or for fathers. However, on item-level, some items were significantly more distressed for mothers in the control group compared to the intervention group; other sick babies being cared for in the room (p = 0.016); my baby's unusual or abnormal breathing patterns (p = 0.025); not being able to hold my baby (p = 0.014); sometimes forgetting what my baby looks like (p = 0.042); being afraid of touching or holding my baby (p = 0.030); feeling the staff is closer to my baby than I am (p = 0.006). Comparing stress between mothers and fathers in the control group demonstrated a significant higher overall stress level for mothers compared to fathers (p < 0.005). The same result was found in the subscales Infant's behaviour and appearance (p = 0.016) as well as Parental role alteration (p = 0.001). No significant differences revealed between parents in the intervention group except for one item not being able to feed the babies themselves. It was significantly more distressed for mothers (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In this study, there was a decreased stress experience on item level in different subscales amongst mothers, but the study did not demonstrate any impact of the intervention on total stress experience either for mothers or for fathers.
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| 46. |
- Rostad, Anne Margrethe, et al.
(författare)
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Predicting developmental deficiencies at the age of four based on data from the first seven months of life
- 2008
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Ingår i: Infant Mental Health Journal. - : Wiley. - 1097-0355 .- 0163-9641. ; 29:6, s. 588-608
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study examines very Young children with the aim of identifying precursors of developmental problems during, the first 7 months of age. Information front screening, and observations in the birth clinic, in the first level of health care. and from parents was collected on five different occasions. The information that Was included concerning the child and family was defined as either optimal or nonoptimal. At the age of 4 years. a clinical group was identified (11.1% of the total Population). Logistic regression analyses were performed to detect risk factors. Twenty-one precursors Were used to Create a screening questionnaire that provided useful information (sensitivity = 56.1%, specificity = 98.8%) for predicting developmental problems of the children. The contribution of sociodemographic data was signifiicant medical information was less significant. The highest prediction rate surprisingly was found in the moderate clinical subgroup (62.1%). compared to the group With more severe problems that had a slightly lower rate (46.7%). The conclusion of the study is that it is possible to detect infants in need of early intervention using a continous process ofobservation and screening.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Sivberg, Bengt
(författare)
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Coping strategies and parental attitudes, a comparison of parents with children with autistic spectrum disorders and parents with non-autistic children.
- 2002
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Ingår i: International Journal of Circumpolar Health. - 2242-3982. ; 61:Suppl 2, s. 36-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study focused on the coping strategies of parents' with children with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) and the relation between these strategies and parenting styles. Coping strategies were measured using the Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC) and the Purpose in Life Test (PIL-R). Parental attitudes toward loving care, stress, worry, and guilt feelings were assessed using the Family Impact Questionnaire. Two groups of participants were included: parents with children with ASD (EG) (n = 66) and a matched control group (CG) (n = 66). Paired Samples t-Test and Pearson's r correlation were used as methods of analysis. Main results distinguished significant (p < .001 to .003) differences between the EG and CG for almost all variables included. The M level of coping strategy was much higher for the CG than for the EG. SOC showed a stress-reducing effect in both the EG and CG. PIL-R explained 50% of the variance in SOC for the EG and 33% for the CG. The only significant gender difference in the EG was on SOC indicating a higher sense of coherence among the fathers and probably an indicator of a stronger burnout effect of the mothers.
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| 50. |
- Sivberg, Bengt
(författare)
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Etik i vårdutbildningar
- 1989
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Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - 0107-4083. ; 9:3, s. 24-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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